英语小作文（通用15篇）
初一英语小故事作文初中英语作文-英语作文
People tell us that we should to be a brave girl, so that we can get over the difficulties. But to be a brave girl is not easy for me, I always tell myself I must face the difficulty, but I give up in the last minute. So from today, I must learn to be a brave girl, I am not saying to be brave right now, I should take it step by step. First, I must tell myself not to fear the difficulty. When I meet the trouble, I should learn to solve it by myself instead of depending on others, so I will learn something gradually. Then I should open my mind, trying to know more things.
人们告诉我们应该成为一个勇敢的女孩，这样我们就能够克服困难。但是成为一个勇敢的女孩对我来说不容易，我总是告诉自己我必须勇敢，但是我在最后的关头放弃。因此从今天起，我必须成为一个勇敢的女孩，我并不是说立刻变得勇敢，我应该一步一步来。第一，我必须告诉自己不要害怕困难。当我到困难时，我应该学着去自己解决，而不是依赖于别人，这样我就会慢慢学到事情。然后我应该开阔我的思想，学着去了解更多的事情。
一、激发学生对英语小作文的写作兴趣
对于任何学科、任何教学方式而言,兴趣都是最好的教师。但是兴趣并不一定是学生自身天然具备的。教师可以在教学的过程中对学生进行系统的兴趣激发和培养。这就要求教师能够结合小学生的身心特点以及学习能力,行之有效地进行兴趣激发。
1.循序渐进地激发学生的学习兴趣
语言类学科的最大特点就是在教学的过程中要有阶段性。一般都是从听开始,再试着在听的基础上进行表达,最后再在表达的基础上进行书写。英语作为一门语言类学科,教学的必经之路就是要有阶段性、有层次性地进行教学。这就要求教师在进行小作文教学时,遵守从易到难的步骤教授学生写作。具体可以按照如下步骤进行兴趣的培养,以及写作的教授:
仿照例文填空写作——按照例文写作方式进行写作——启发式写作——根据材料写作——命题式写作。
这就是学生写英语小作文时应该遵循的阶梯式教学层次。首先仅仅要求学生填写空白的词语,再要求学生按照已有的例文进行创作,再在此基础上得到一定的写作升级,最后再要求学生根据模仿的材料进行自我创作。这样循序渐进的过程一方面不会让学生感到吃力,另一方面由易到难,学生的学习兴趣不会被抑制,甚至还会递增。
2. 创设生动有趣的写作场景
教师在要求学生进行英语小作文创作时,可以设置一定的写作场景,让学生在视觉和图片的刺激下增加写作灵感。例如在写《My family》这篇文章时,教师可以在展示板上出示与家庭相关的家谱图,以便学生有更多的素材可以选择。写《Food》这样的小作文时,教师可以展示多种类型的事物,包括水果、面食、西餐等等,这样学生会更有写作的灵感。
创设生动有趣的写作场景意味着没有固定模式,要求教师根据写作题目合理创设,包括学生对话、视频播放、图片展示等等,让学生在这些写作情景的熏陶下产生写作兴趣,并独立完成作文的创作。
英语小作文兴趣教学的最基本途径,就是先激发学生的学习兴趣,保证学生有良好的心态,愿意并乐于进行英语小作文的写作。教师可以通过递进式教学以及场景的营造进行合理的兴趣激发。
二、依靠情景教学法进行小作文专练
情景教学法是新形势下,广大教师大力推崇并且应用的一种教学方法。具体是指教师在教学过程中,通过语言渲染或是视频展示进行情景教学。将这一点应用于小作文专练中,会对学生的口头表达以及写作思维产生积极的熏陶作用。
1. 听力刺激法
听力刺激法是指教师在小作文之前播放英语听力,针对不同类型的英语小作文,教师可以播放不同的英语录音,让学生在写作之前有充分的写作素材以及英语气氛。例如在进行《My favorite sport》一文练笔之前,教师可以播放如下录音:
B: My favorite sport is basketball. Why do youlike football?
A: Because I think playing football can make mehealthy and strong, and why do you like basketball?
B: The same reason. When do you play football?
A: After school, I always play football with myfriends. At weekends, it takes me two hours to playfootball.
B: I see.
听力播放的次数要在三遍以上。第一遍要求学生能够明确这段听力讲的是什么内容,第二遍要求学生明白这段听力中哪些词汇或者是句子在《My favoritesport》这篇文章中能够用到,第三遍认真听,尽量记住一些相关的句子。当然听力刺激法要求教师要找到合适的听力录音,契合写作的需求。
2. 在写之前先“演习”
教师在要求学生写小作文之前,根据作文的题目,对学生进行提问,或要求两个学生进行与主题内容息息相关的对话,或要求学生自主交流对这个题目的想法,并根据学生想到的内容随机进行提问。
例如在要求学生进行《Our school life》这篇小作文的创作时,教师可以询问学生想到了什么,学生会给出如下答案:
“Four lessons in the morning and three lessonsin the afternoon.”
“Chinese.”
“Maths.”
“English.”
“PE.”
再询问学生是否喜欢自己的校园生活,一般会得到这样的回答:
“We love our school life.”
经过这样的启发,学生就会根据所听所想进行合理的文章创作了。
针对小学英语小作文兴趣教学,最有效、最直接、最合理的教学方式莫过于进行情景教学。情景教学法对学生有直接的刺激和引导作用,能够让学生在熏陶下产生写作的灵感和意识。教师在进行英语小作文教学时可以先播放听力,再要求学生进行相应的演习。
I went into my mother’s room and said,“Mum, I put the money in the bedroom. But now it is not there.”“Is it in your pocket?” asked Mum . “No.” “Is it in your bag?” “No, Mum.” I felt sad again.
Suddenly Mum shouted, “What’s that in your hand?” “Oh, my god!” I was so happy and said, “The money is in my hand!”
昆山市实验小学 四(5)班 马海天
指导老师:沈艳华
Hello, everybody. Please allow me to introduce myself. My name’s Steven Zheng. I’m a nine-year-old boy. My phone number is 64163366. You can give me a call anytime. My e-mail is steven@hotmail.com. You can also send me an e-mail. I like playing basketball. My favorite athlete is Yao Ming.
Who’s your favorite athlete? Tell me something about yourself.
上海市高安路第一小学 三(8)班 郑嘉伟
指导老师:Gloria
When I was still a baby, I liked dancing very much. When I was in kindergarten, I began to learn dancing. One day, I said to my mother, “Mum, I have a dream. My dream is to be a dancer.”
I am a member of our school’s dancing team. Last year, we took part in a dancing competition. We practiced very hard. Sometimes we practiced for seven hours a day. I felt very tired. But when we finally got the first prize, I was very happy.
Now I can dance better and better. I hope I will become an excellent dancer in the future.
深圳市福田区绿洲小学 五(4)班 潘瑗
指导老师:杨慧芳
Today, there are so many delicious snacks and foods. So, many people become fatter and fatter.However, most of these people have gone on a diet.
Some people think that go on a diet is the most useful way to make themselves not so fat.Sometimes I think so .Go on a diet to some extent is good for you.But there’re also some people think that go on a diet isn’t a good thingbecause there’re some people who don’t eat anything all day. They want to make themselves more beautiful .
In my opinion, if you want to be thinner, you had better do more exercises.
Health is everything.
上海市第一中学 初一(3)班琚正怡
Hi! I’m a small mouse. My name is Jack. I’m grey. I’m clever. I like eating. Mike is my best friend. He’s a big cat. Do you know why we can become good friends?
Last Monday, I was playing with my sister. Suddenly, a big cat came. He said, “Hi! Lovely mice!” “Don’t eat us!” I said. He said, “Why do I eat you? You are so lovely!” I was very surprised, and said, “You think we are lovely?”“Yes!” he said, “Can I play with you?”I looked at my sister. I didn’t know how I could answer! At last, I said, “O.K.”So we had played for an hour. We were both very happy.
Since then, Mike and I are the best friends!
上海市盛大花园小学 四(3)班 印逸君
指导老师:李健
Name: Mr.King Age: 31 Years of teaching: 10 Hobby: playing sports, watching Tv , reading . Relation with his students: strict, kind, patient.
评论：teacher, friend
My English Teacher
Mr.King is our English teacher. He is 31 years old. He became a teacher 10 years ago.
I have nine little goldfish .Eight goldfish are all orange and one is black .I like the black one best. We call it Xiao Hei .Its body is black .It has two big and round eyes, a small mouth ,and a big tail. Though it＇s very small ,it swims fast .
I often feed them and change water for them. We are good friends .
In my house, you can see many big turtles. Their names are: little yellow, little black and little green. They look likes three big stones. They are so young. And they are all just 5 years old. Collected By joozone.com.
My turtles like to eat fish, and meat. And they like to sleep too. When they are sleeping, they look like little planes.
Now cute they are! Don’t you think so?
一、初步尝试
起初, 笔者认为, 教师的小助手无非就是课代表, 只是能够帮教师拿拿东西, 早晨提前打开电脑, 带领同学们唱唱歌曲和童谣而已。他们真的能被培养成“小老师”吗?在北京师范大学项目组专家的指导下, 笔者进行了初步的尝试。
笔者先让Jack来组织Let’s sing和I can show环节, 真没想到, Ja ck组织得井井有条, 语言也相当精彩:
Which group wants to show?
Square Group, come here! (Square为小组名)
OK, go back to your seats.
What do you think of Square Group?
请三四名同学进行评价之后, Ja ck对笔者说:“Two stars for Square Group.”于是, 笔者在表演栏上给“S q u a re”组加了两颗星。两组展示完之后, 他继续说:“Tomorrow should be Circle Group and Heart Group.”平时笔者组织I can show环节时, 一般会预告第二天表演的小组, 好让学生有所准备, 也让每个组展示的机会均等, 细心的小Ja ck把教师的一举一动都看在眼里, 记在心里。于是, 笔者决定要培养更多的“小老师”。
二、通过多种方式, 帮“小老师”顺利进入角色
笔者平时用肢体语言和表情给学生们的评价, 给了学生们潜移默化的影响, 笔者的每一个动作、每一个眼神学生们都能心领神会, “小老师”们则模仿得惟妙惟肖。课堂组织语言则需要教师多对“小老师”们加以训练。笔者把课上的一些简单用语复印出来, 让他们反复模拟演练。有了充分的准备后, 他们很顺利地进入了“小老师”的角色。
三、充分发挥“小老师”的作用, 教师适时点拨
班级里的8名“小老师”每人一天, 分别进行周一至周四的课堂组织, 两周完成一轮, 而笔者则在每周四的课堂上进行简单的评价。周二的“小老师”是Lisa, 在“日常英语”环节, 有的句子较难, 大多数同学重复时不够准确, 笔者示意Lisa先暂停, 让学生们半句半句地重复, 之后再由她一句一句地示范, 重复几次后同学们就能较熟练地掌握了。笔者表扬了这个聪明耐心的“小老师”, 下面的同学纷纷举手站起来重复句子, 笔者毫不吝啬地给了他们三颗星。在攀登英语的课堂上, 主课教师的适时点拨与评价, 使“小老师”的作用得以淋漓尽致地发挥, 让全体同学感受到学习英语的乐趣, 从而促进了学生英语水平的提高。
四、赋予“小老师”权利, 做教师课下的小助手
“小老师”不仅在课上能积极组织同学学习与活动, 在课下他们还是教师的小助手。笔者让8位“小老师”配合小组长检查同学们的家庭学习情况, 并给予适当的评价。这样, 小组长与“小老师”共同配合, 把组员的家庭学习抓好, 形成了完善的检查体系, 促进了家校协同工作的开展, 在攀登英语学习实验中形成了互帮互学、互相促进的学习氛围。
五、发挥“小老师”的辐射作用, 促进学生共同进步
此外，如果你对这个栏目有好的意见或建议，请来信告诉我！“双语空间”明年将有更加精彩的内容奉献给大家！
主持人：开心果
吹 嘘
An army kid was boasting(自夸)about his father to a navy（海军）kid.
一个陆军的孩子正在向海军的孩子吹嘘他的父亲。
“My dad is an engineer. He can do everything. Do you know the Alps?”
“我爸爸是工程师，他什么都能设计。你知道阿尔卑斯山吗？”
“Yes,”said the navy kid.
“知道，”海军的孩子说。
“My dad built it.”
“那是我爸爸建的。”
Then the navykid spoke：“And do you know the Dead Sea?”
海军的孩子说话了：“你知道死海吗？”
“Yes，”said the army kid.
“知道，”陆军的孩子答道。
“It's my dad who killed it!”replied the navy kid.
“是我爸爸杀死了它！”海军的孩子说。
马 上
Teacher: Now class, whatever I ask, I want you all to answer at once,how much is 6 plus 4?
老师：全班同学听着，不管我问什么，你们都要马上回答，6+4等于几？
Student: At once!
学生：马上。
父亲在哪儿
Two brothers were looking at some beautiful paintings.
兄弟俩在看一些美丽的油画。
“Look,”said the elder brother，“How nice these paintings are!”
“看，”哥哥说，“这些画多漂亮呀！”
“Yes,”said the younger,“ but in all these paintings there are only the mother and the children. Where is the father?”
“是啊，”弟弟说道，“可是在所有这些画中，只有妈妈和孩子。爸爸去哪儿了呢？”
The elder brother thought for a while and then said：“He was painting the pictures.”
五． How to Keep Healthy （健康题材）
As we know, keeping healthy is important to us. But what should we do to keep healthy?
First,we should get up early. we should eat healthy food, drink a lot of water and do more exercise . Food can give us energy. Doing exercise can make us strong. Second,we should change clothes often, wash hands often, keep the air fresh and clean and do house cleaning often to stop germs from getting into our bodies. You shouldn’t keep long fingernails. At last, we should go to see a doctor at once if we don’t feel well.
Dear ________，Congratulations on your ________.I know how hard you have been working and I am very proud of you for your achievement.I understand for sure that it is your hard work / your excellent ability that leads you to the current success.This new position, on the other hand, adds a new dimension to your life and is bound to ________.What’s more, I also believe that ________.May all goes beautifully in your new post!
Yours sincerely,Li Ming
祝贺信模板2：
Dear ________，Good news travels fast!It was delightful for me to hear that ________.Please accept my sincere congratulations to your ________.I have been watching your progress with admiration all the years, and I know more than anyone else how much effort you have put in.Now you prove to me a matured and well-rounded ________ in every respect.Judging from your current success / achievement, I am confident that in the future ________.May all the years ahead fulfill your dreams!
Yours sincerely,Li Ming
考研英语小作文模板(请求信)：
Dear___________,I am writing to formally request to___________(请求的内容)
The reason for ______________is that______________________________（给出原因）.I________, so I ___________________________________(给出细节)
I would also like to request ________________________(提出进一步的要求).I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at____________(电话号码).I look forward to a favorable reply.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
考研英语小作文模板(感谢信)：
Dear______,I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for __________________(感谢的原因).If it had not been for your assistance in __________________(对方给你的具体帮助), I fear that I would have
been___________________(没有对方帮助时的后果).Every one agrees that it was you who___________________________(给出细节).Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
考研英语小作文模板(求职信)：
Dear Sir or Madam,I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in____________(报纸名称)of________(广告发布时间).Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a __________(工作名称).In the one hand,_______________________________(第一个原因).On the other hand, __________________________________(另一个原因).Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at _______________(电话号码)
Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
考研英语小作文模板(建议信)，Dear ___________,You have asked me for my advice with regard to _______, and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions:_________________(建议的内容)
I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Good Luck with your_______(祝愿)
Yours sincerely
I want a nightmare
Before the final examination， Tom told his mother， “Mom， I had a dream last night that I’d passed today’s exam.”“Don’t trust dreams， dear. It is said what you experience in dreams usually turns out to be the opposite.” Mother replied. “Then I do hope I’ll fail the other subjects in my dream tonight，” Tom said.
在期末考试之前，汤姆告诉他的母亲：“妈妈，我昨天晚上做了一个梦，梦见我通过了今天的考试。”“不要相信梦，亲爱的。据说梦中的经历通常与现实相反。”妈妈答道。“那么，我真希望在今晚的梦中，我的其他功课都不及格。”汤姆说。
Where’s the father？
Two brothers were looking at some beautiful paintings.
“Look，” said the elder brother. “How nice these paintings are！”
“Yes，” said the younger， “but in all these paintings there is only the mother and the children. Where is the father？”
The elder brother thought for a moment and then explained， “Obviously he was painting the pictures.”
父亲在哪？
兄弟俩在看一些漂亮的油画。
“看，”哥哥说，“这些画多漂亮呀！”
“是啊，”弟弟说道，“可是在所有这些画中，只有妈妈和孩子。那爸爸去哪儿了呢？”
关键词：小初英语衔接,阅读能力,兴趣小组
英语阅读能力是学生英语学习能力的重要组成部分,学生的英语阅读能力提升在一定程度上关乎学生英语学习能力的发展。对于小学高年级的学生而言,此阶段是培养他们英语阅读能力的重要阶段。为提高高年级学生的英语阅读能力,小学英语教师应做好小初英语衔接,通过小初有效衔接的方式不断提高高年级学生的英语阅读能力。那么,究竟如何利用小初衔接有效提升高年级学生的英语阅读能力呢?下面,笔者谈谈自己的几点看法。
一、认真做好小初英语教材研究,为学生提供类似阅读主题
做好小初英语衔接,提高高年级学生的英语阅读能力并不是一件简单的事情。我认为要做到此点,首先必须要认真做好小初英语教材的研究,为学生提供类似阅读主题。唯有如此,方能真正实现小初衔接,真正提高高年级学生的英语阅读能力。
例如,执教译林版牛津小学英语六年级上册Unit 2“What a day!”时,为提高六年级学生的英语阅读能力,我推荐学生利用课余时间对译林版牛津初中英语七年级上册U-nit 4“My day”进行阅读,对比分析这两个单元内容的异同,以此有效扩充学生的英语阅读量。学生利用课余时间阅读完译林版牛津初中英语七年级上册Unit 4“My day”后,我在课堂上抽出一部分时间与学生交流阅读心得,对其在阅读中存在的困难予以梳理和指导。通过对比分析,学生可以发现这两个单元主题中虽然均包含有关键词“day”,但具体内容却有很多不同。
对于小学高年级英语教师而言,在实施小初衔接教学时必须要对小初英语教材进行认真研究,积极为高年级学生寻找类似阅读主题。这样的做法是极为必要的,它是做好小初衔接、提高高年级学生英语阅读能力的重要途径。
二、积极鼓励学生尝试阅读初中教材,提高自身英语阅读能力
除了适时向小学高年级学生推荐类似阅读主题之外,我还积极鼓励他们尝试阅读初中英语教材,通过长期阅读初中英语教材,不断提高他们的英语阅读能力。由于我的积极鼓励,班里学生的英语阅读能力得以有效提升。
初中英语教材中的内容相对于小学高年级英语教材内容而言具有更高难度,阅读初中英语教材内容的过程中,小学高年级学生需不断突破阅读难关,如生词、生句及新的语法等。为提高他们的自主阅读能力,我鼓励学生遇到生词、生句查英语词典,遇到新语法知识积极通过网络自主学习。除此之外,为鼓励学生自主阅读初中英语教材内容,我还专门建立了一个班级群,学生在自主阅读中如若遇到不懂的地方即可通过班级群与我进行交流,或与其他同学沟通,从而有效突破阅读重难点。通过长期坚持这一做法,班内学生的英语阅读能力得以明显提升。
提高小学高年级学生的英语阅读能力并不是一朝一夕就可以完成的,其需要不断扩展阅读内容,而初中英语教材无疑是最好的英语阅读材料。因此,小学英语教师应积极鼓励高年级学生尝试阅读初中英语教材,进而不断提高他们的英语阅读能力。
三、建立小初衔接阅读兴趣小组,引导学生自主进行阅读
为了做好小初英语衔接,提高小学高年级学生的英语阅读能力,我还在班内组建了小初衔接英语阅读兴趣小组,希望可以通过小初衔接英语阅读兴趣小组的建立,引导学生自主进行英语阅读,进而不断提高他们的英语阅读能力。
小初英语衔接英语阅读兴趣小组的建立以自愿为基本原则,不勉强学生加入。在我所在的班级,小初英语衔接英语阅读兴趣小组最初仅有几名同学。在我的指导下,小初英语衔接英语阅读兴趣小组的同学积极尝试进行小初衔接,阅读初中英语教材内容。通过长期努力,兴趣小组成员的英语阅读能力不断得以提升。看到兴趣小组成员在英语阅读能力方面的有效提升,越来越多的同学加入兴趣小组,很多家长也积极鼓励自己的孩子加入兴趣小组。如今,我班大部分同学都加入了小初衔接英语阅读兴趣小组,兴趣小组的队伍规模不断壮大。
具体教学实践表明:小初衔接英语阅读兴趣小组的建立,可以有效提升高年级学生的英语阅读能力,其可以引导高年级学生自主进行初中英语教材的阅读。这里需要注意的是,小初衔接英语阅读兴趣小组必须要做好成员分工,并设立组长,进而在组长的带领下有的放矢地进行初中英语教材的阅读。
四、结语
提高小学高年级学生英语阅读能力的途径有很多,而做好小初衔接则是其中的重要途径之一。为提高小学高年级学生的英语阅读能力,英语教师可以做好如下几点:认真做好小初英语教材研究,为学生提供类似阅读主题;积极鼓励学生尝试阅读初中英语教材,提高自身英语阅读能力;建立小初衔接阅读兴趣小组,引导学生自主进行阅读。希望本文的写作可以给更多英语教师以启示,促其做好小初英语衔接,不断提高小学高年级学生的英语阅读能力。
参考文献
[1]高尚.刍议小学英语自主性阅读能力的培养[J].好家长,2015(34).
[2]高敏.培养小学生英语阅读能力的策略[J].中小学外语教学(小学篇),2007(07).
Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long are you young. An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. Years may wrinkle the skin,but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.
Undoubtedly, I will choose the former one—school accomdation. The very reason of my choice is that the price is much lower than renting a flat near the school. Since I have been a university student, it’s high time for me to learn how to be independent. I will do part-time job during my spare time to afford my life cost. Living in school is an economic choice. At the same time, I will have four lovely roommates. They may be my good friends, with whom I can share my happiness and sadness, or be my opponents, with whom I can make progress. Thanks to them, I can say good-bye to the lonely life I may bear if I choose to rent a flat near the school. Neverthelsss, I know there are some disadvantages such as no private facility and limit time. However, I should adapt myself to any environment. Living in school is best place for me to adapt the society in the future.
一、审视高中英语教学,剖析单词教学弊端
1.畏难情绪。单词的记忆是与遗忘斗争的过程,很多学生应为缺少信心、恒心、决心、毅力等而逐渐败下阵来,成为战场上的逃兵或败兵,从而对英语有畏惧心理,随之就造成了恶性循环,兴趣降低、自信心消失、英语成绩逐渐下降。
作为高中英语教师也常常因此而苦恼,许多问号时时萦绕着自己,面对大量的词汇,犹如名临城下的强敌,如何引导学生打退这些贼寇,真是伤透了脑筋,“这么多的单词,让学生掌握,也够难为学生的”的感概不时发自教师之口。
于是单词教学走进一个怪圈——学生怕、教师也担心,于是强迫性记忆和抄写成为单词教学的唯一方法,于是乎,教师越逼着记越不记,越是这样越反感,教师们叫苦连天,学生们苦不堪言。
2.死记硬背。教学中,多数教师对单词的教学是集中教学法,即把一单元的单词集中学习,集中学习词汇的缺点是“死记硬背”,缺少科学的记忆法,且容易忘。记了忘、忘了记,也使学生感觉英语是座难以攻克的碉堡。
3.母语教学与英语教学法。教学中,有两种教学方式,一是为了节省时间和让学生听懂,于是采用汉语式教学,汉语教学法,显然与英语课不和谐,不能给学生提供听说的机会;再者是纯英语讲解单词法,这种教学法虽然有其优越性,但毕竟往往听不懂,给学生感觉英语好像“水中月”、“雾中花”。
4.简单教与繁琐讲。实际教学中,对单词的教学存在两种现象,要么是简单教——读读记记而万事大吉,造成学生不重视单词的不良后果;要么繁琐讲——将单词一个个讲深讲透讲彻底,从音、形、义,到短语到例句,如此下来,45分钟要花一半以上的时间,其结果是教师讲得辛辛苦苦,学生学得索然无味,这样的课堂与新课改显然是相悖的,把英语教学等同于单词教学。
二、高中英语单词教学的有效策略
1.激发兴趣。中小学生的游戏法、表演法、竞赛法、歌诀法等激发学生兴趣的方法不适合高中学生,但“兴趣是最好的老师”,学习兴趣是学习的原动力和内驱力,所以,教学中,还要立足教材,灵活运用有效的方法,激发学生记单词的兴趣和习惯。
如学习invent时,结合句子The inventor invented manyinventions,学习operate时,将operate和名词operation溶于一个句子里,使学生记忆起来事半功倍。另外,情景法、活动法以及借助于俗语、俚语、成语、谚语等也可以激发学生学习英语、记单词的兴趣和积极性,为英语词汇教学增趣加味。
2.变换教学方法。(1)词汇和语音相结合。语音是词的物质外壳,是单词的基础。正确的语音是交际的基础。再者,读准单词也有助于单词的记忆,通过拼读规则记单词,将有助于单词的学习,对词汇的记忆大有益处。(2)词汇与构词法相结合。词形是词的外部形式。根据这一外部形式,根据单词的构词法而引导学生记单词,将事半功倍。如初中就学过否定前缀un-、im-、in-、dis-等,将有助于单词的记忆。再如高中出现过re-表“再”、“又”;以及后缀-al,如national、personal等,根据这些前缀和后缀将轻松记单词、快乐记单词。此外,近义词、反义词的使用、合成词的分析等都可以助学生记单词一臂之力。
3.从语境中学词汇。单词的三要素是音、形和义。相对于音和形而言,词义是词汇学习中最为薄弱的环节。多数学生知其音、会其形、知其义,但具体运用就会出麻烦,从语境的角度来解决语义错误的唯一途径。
4.从语法中学习词汇。Susan Hunston得出:单词教学应将其置于句子中,让学生通过单词在句子中的位置、充当的成分以及固定的搭配等而知其意。The book has been portrayedas a turning point in his writing career.显然这个句子让学生理解起来费点周折,但只要稍微注意,句子中有as,联想到regard…as…,portray的含义也就显而易见,这样,根据上下文猜测词义的方法,也是阅读中常用的方法之一。并且,通过语法句型教单词,使学生感到单词教学不是孤零零的,学单词也不能单纯记单词,应注意在场景中运用。
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