中英文对照作业标准
A．抗弯强度、腹板折算应力、整体稳定、局部稳定 B．抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、局部稳定 C．抗弯强度、腹板上边缘局部承压强度、整体稳定、容许挠度 D．抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、容许挠度 1.For hot rolled H-shaped cross section steel beam bearing distributed load,（）should be checked.A．bending strength, equivalent stress on the web, overall stability and local stability.B．bending strength, shear strength, overall stability and local stability.C．bending strength, local bearing stress at upper edge of the web, overall stability.D．bending strength, , shear strength, overall stability, allowable deflection.2．以下计算，使用毛截面特性的是（）
A．梁的弯曲正应力
B．梁的剪应力
C．折算应力
D．疲劳验算 2.In which of the following calculation, the gross-section characteristic is adapted?（）A．Bending normal stress of the beam
B．Shear stress of the beam C．Equivalent stress
D．Fatigue check
3．某一在主平面内受弯的实腹式构件，当截面上有螺栓孔时，下列何项计算要考虑孔洞削弱？（）
A．构件变形计算
B．构件整体稳定性计算
C．构件抗弯强度计算
D．构件抗剪强度计算 3.For solid-web members bending in principle plane, supposing that bolt holes appears in the cross-section, weaken factors of the bolt holes should be considered during the calculation of（）.A．calculating the deformation of the member
B．checking the overall stability of the member C．checking the bending strength of the member D．checking the shear strength of the member
4．设计焊接工字形截面梁时，腹板布置横向加劲肋的主要目的是提高梁的（）A．抗弯刚度
B．抗弯强度
C．整体稳定性
D．局部稳定性 4.In the design of the welded I-shaped cross section beams, the main target of arranging transverse stiffeners to the webs is to ensure the（）of the beam A．Flexural stiffness B．Flexural resistance C．overall stability D．local stability
5．梁的支承加劲肋应设置在（）
A．弯曲应力大的区段
B．剪应力大的区段
C．上翼缘或下翼缘有固定作用力的部位
D．有吊车轮压的部位 5.Bearing stiffeners should be arranged at（）of the beam A．where the bending stress is great B．where the shear stress is great C．where the concentrated force acted D．where the wheel load acted
6．在梁的整体稳定计算中，若稳定系数为 1.0，说明该梁（）
A．处于弹性工作阶段
B．不会丧失整体稳定 C．梁的局部稳定必然满足
D．不会发生强度破坏 6.During the calculation to the overall stability of the beam, the condition that the stability coefficient is 1.0 indicates that（）A．the beam is in elastic stage B．overall buckling would not happen C．the beam would satisfy the requirements of avoiding local buckling D．the strength failure would not happen
7．梁承受固定集中荷载作用，采用以下何项措施是合适的？（）
A．加厚翼缘
B．在集中荷载作用处设置支承加劲肋 C．增加横向加劲肋的数量
D．加厚腹板 7.For beam bearing the determined concentrated load, which of the following effects is favorable?（）A．Thicken the flange of the beam B．Arrange bearing stiffeners at where the concentrated loads applied C．Increase the number of the transverse stiffeners.D．Thicken the web of the beam
8．验算无集中荷载作用时工字形截面梁的折算应力，公式为 f12 23 ，这里、 应为（）
A．验算截面的最大正应力和最大剪应力 B．验算截面的最大正应力和验算点的剪应力 C．验算截面的最大剪应力和验算点的正应力
D．验算截面中验算点的正应力和剪应力 8.While checking the equivalent stress of the I-shaped cross-section beam without bearing concentrated loads, the expressionf12 23 is applied.In this expression, ,
represents（）.A．the maximum normal stress and shear stress of the checking section;B．the maximum normal stress of the checking section and the shear stress of the checking point;C．the maximum shear stress of the checking section and the normal stress of the checking point;
D．the normal stress and shear stress of the checking point in the checking section
9．跨中无侧向支承的焊接截面梁，当验算整体稳定不满足时，宜采取以下何项措施？（）。
A．加大梁的截面积
B．加大梁的高度 C．加大受压翼缘板的宽度
D．加大腹板的厚度 9.For welded cross section beams without the lateral supports in the mid-span, if the overall stability could not be satisfied, which of the following measures should be adapted?（）A．Increase the cross-section of the beam B．Increase the height of the beam C．Widen the width of the flange under compression D．Thicken the web of the beam
10．受压翼缘由刚性铺板连牢的梁，不必考虑计算的是（）。
A．强度
B．刚度
C．整体稳定
D．局部稳定 10.For beam that rigid decking is securely connected to the compression flange of it, it is not necessary to check the（）of the beam.A．strength B．stiffness C．overall stability D．local stability
11．双轴对称工字形截面梁，经验算，其强度和刚度正好满足要求，而腹板在弯曲应力作用下有发生局部失稳的可能。在其他条件不变的情况下，宜采用下列何种方法可以保证梁的局部稳定？（）
A．增加梁腹板的厚度
B．降低梁腹板的高度 C．用强度更高的材料
D．设置加劲肋 11.For double symmetric I-shaped cross section beam, local buckling is possible to appears under the action of the flexural stress while the strength and the stiffness can just be satisfied through the checks.If maintaining other conditions being equal, which of the following measures could ensure the local stability of the beam?（）A．Increase the thickness of the web B．Reduce the height of the web C．Adapt materials with higher strength D．Arrange lateral supports
12．验算工字形截面梁受压翼缘的局部稳定性时要求 / b t 应小于某一限值，这里，b 的含义为（）。
A．翼缘板外伸宽度
B．翼缘板全部宽度 C．翼缘板全部宽度的 1/3
D．翼缘板的有效宽度 12.While checking the local stability of the compressed flange of the I-shaped cross section beam, the / b t
should below a determined limit.Here, b represents（）.A．the outstands of the flange
B．the width of the flange C．the 1/3 width of the flange D．the effective width of the flange
13．防止梁腹板发生局部失稳，常采取加劲措施，这是为了（）
A．增加梁截面的惯性矩
B．增加截面面积 C．改变构件的应力分布状态
D．改变边界约束板件的宽厚比 13.In order to prevent the local bucking of the web of the beam, arranging the stiffeners to the web is adapted, so as to（）.A．increase the inertia moment of the beam section B．increase the area of cross section C．change the stress distributing state of the beam D．change the width to thickness ratio of the boundary constraint plates
14．焊接工字形截面梁设计时估算最小梁高minh，若用Q345 钢材代替 Q235 钢材，则minh如何变化？（）
A．变大了
B．变小了
C．不变
D．条件不充足，无法确定 14.The estimating minimum height of the welded I-shaped section beam is minh, if the Q345 is applied to replace the Q235 steel, how would the value of minh change?（）.A．Increasing B．Decreasing C．Invariant
D．The variation can not be determined due to the lack of conditions
15．加强受压翼缘的单轴对称工字形等截面简支梁，跨中有一集中荷载作用在腹板平面内，下列各荷载作用位置。何者的整体稳定性最好？（）
A．上翼缘(受压翼缘)上表面
B．形心与上翼缘之间的截面剪力中心 C．截面形心
D．下翼缘(受拉翼缘)下表面 15.For reinforced compression flange with singly symmetric I-shaped simple support beam with uniform section, a concentrated force is applied to the mid-span web plane.Which of the following load positions is most favorable to the overall stability of the beam?（）.A．The upper surface of the upper flange(the flange under compression)B．Shear center of the section between the centroid and the upper flange C．Centroid of the section D．The lower surface of the bottom flange(the flange under tension)
16．对于焊接工字形等截面简支梁，当其整体稳定性不能满足要求时，采用下列何项措施能最有效提高整体稳定性？（）
A．加厚受压翼缘
B．加厚受拉翼缘 C．采用更高强度的钢材
D．在梁跨中受压翼缘处设置侧向支承
16.For welded I-shaped uniform section simply support beam, if the overall stability of the beam could not be satisfied, the overall stability can be improved by which of the following measures?（）A．Thicken the compression flange B．Thicken the tension flange C．Adapt the steel with higher strength D．Arrange the lateral support at the mid-span compression flange of the beam
17．某焊接工字形等截面简支梁，若最大弯矩值一定，在下列不同形式的荷载作用下，何者的整体稳定性最差？（）
A．两端有相等弯矩作用(纯弯曲作用)
B．满跨均布荷载作用 C．跨中点有集中荷载作用 D．在距离支座 1/4 跨度处各有相同一集中力 17.For welded I-shaped uniform section simply support beam, if the maximum moment is determined, under which type of the following loads the overall stability is most unfavorable?（）A．There are same valued moment applied to both ends of the beam(pure bending actions)B．There are distributed force applying to the full-span of the beam.C．There is a concentrated force applying to the mid-span of the beam.D．There are two same concentrated forces applying to the 1/4 span away from the support of beam.18．一焊接工字形截面梁，腹板计算高度0h ＝2400mm，根据腹板局部稳定计算和构造要求，需要在腹板一侧配置钢板横向加劲肋，其经济合理的截面尺寸是（）
A.－8×120
B.－8×140
C.－10×150
D.－12×180 18.For welded I-shaped section beam, the effective height of the web 0h＝2400mm, in accordance with the calculation to the local stability of the web and the construction requirements, the transverse stiffeners should be arranged to one side of the web.Therefore, which dimension of the transverse stiffeners is both economical and reasonable?（）
A.－120×8
B.－140×8
C.－150×10
D.－180×12
19.为了提高荷载作用在上翼缘简支工字形梁的整体稳定性，可在梁的（）加侧向支承，以减小梁出平面的长度。
A.梁腹板高度的12处
B.靠近梁上翼缘的腹板01 1(~)5 4h处 C.靠近梁下翼缘的腹板01 1(~)5 4h处
D.上翼缘处 19.In order to improve the overall stability of the simple support I-shaped beam which the load is applied to the upper flange, lateral support can be arranged to the（）of the beam, which
aims at reducing the out-of plane length of the beam.A.1/2 height of the web
B.1/5~1/4 height away from the upper flange of the web
C.1/5~1/4 height away from the bottom flange of the web
D.upper flange
二、简答题
1.简述影响钢梁整体稳定因素有哪些？
2.采用高强度钢材对提高梁的整体稳定性是否有益，为什么？
三、计算题 1.Simply support beam subjected to a uniformly distributed live load（no requirement of taking account of dead weight）,Q235 B steel is used.I32a，l =6m，allowable deflection 250] [l ，partial coefficient is 1.4for the dead loads and is 1.2 for live loads，bending moments about x-axis，according to normal stress and rigid condition, Determine design load of the beam.2/ 235(mm N f y ，2/ 215 mm N f ，45384xqlEI ,2 5/ 10 06.2 mm N E )。
2.A simply-support main beam shown in follow Figure, P=250kN（design value, from secondary beams）, Q235 steel is used，f=215N／mm2，Vf =125N／mm2, 05.1 x
1)Check the strength of the main beam.2)Check the local stability of plates
3.The figure shows the welded I-shaped simple support beam.A lateral support is arranged at the mid-span upper flange of the beam, the material is Q345B, the design value of concentrated static
load P is 300kN.Please check the overall stability of the beam.4.The span of a simple support beam is 5.5m, a static distributed load is applied to the upper flange of the beam, the standard value of dead load is 10.2kN/m(the dead weight is not concluded), the standard value of live load is 25kN/m.Supposed that the compression flange of the beam have the reliable lateral support, the steel is Q235, the allowable deflection is l/250, please select the most economic I-shaped and H-shaped cross sections, and compare them therefore.5．P142
随着人们对低油耗、低废气排放、发动机低噪声的需求越来越大，对发动机和燃油喷射系统的要求也越来也高。对柴油发动机燃油喷射系统提出的要求也在不断增加。更高的压力、更快的开关时间，以及根据发动机工况修订的可变的流量速率曲线，已经使得柴油发动机具有良好的经济性、低污染、高动力性，因此柴油发动机甚至进入了豪华高性能轿车领域。达到这些需求的前提是拥有一个可以精确雾化燃油并具有高喷油压力的燃油喷射系统。同时，喷油量必须精确计算，燃油流量速率曲线必须有精确的计算模型，预喷射和二次喷射必须能够完成。一个可以达到以上需求的系统即共轨燃油喷射系统。
共轨系统包括以下几个主要的部分： ①低压部分，包含燃油共轨系统组件。
②高压系统，包含高压泵、油轨、喷油器和高压油管等组件。
电控柴油机系统EDC主要由系统模块，如传感器、电子控制单元和执行机构组成。共轨系统的主要部分即喷油器。它们拥有一个可以快速开关喷嘴的执行阀(电磁阀或压电触发器)，这就允许对每个气缸的喷射进行控制。
所有的喷油器都由一个共同的油轨提供燃油，这就是“共轨”的由来。在共轨燃油喷射系统中，燃油喷射和压力的产生是分开的。喷油压力的产生与发动机转速和喷油量无关。EDC控制每个组件。
(1)压力产生。
燃油喷射和压力的产生是通过蓄能器分离开来。将具有压力的燃油提供给为喷射做好准备的共轨系统的蓄能器。
由发动机驱动的连续运转的高压泵提供所需喷油的压力。无论发动机的转速高低，还是燃油喷射量的多少，油轨中的压力均维持在一定值。由于几乎一致的喷油方式，高压泵的设计可以小的多，而且它的驱动转矩可以比传统燃油喷射系统低，这源于高压泵的负载很小。
高压泵是径向活塞泵，在商用车上有时会使用内嵌式喷油泵。(2)压力控制
所应用的压力控制方法主要取决于系统。
一种控制油轨压力的方式是通过一个压力控制阀对高压侧进行控制。不需喷射的燃油通过压力控制阀流回到低压回路。这种控制回路允许油轨压力对不同工况(如负载变化时)迅速做出反应。
在第一批共轨系统中采用了对高压侧的控制。压力控制阀安装在燃油轨道上更可取，但是在一些应用中，它被直接安装在高压泵中。
另一种控制轨道压力的方式是进口端控制燃油供给。安装在高压泵的法兰上的计量单元保证了泵提供给油轨精确的燃油量，以维持系统所需要的喷油压力。
发生故障时，压力安全阀防止油轨压力超过最大值。
在进口端对燃油供给的控制减少了高压燃油的用量，降低了泵的输入功率。这对燃油消耗起到积极的作用。同时，流回油箱的燃油温度与传统高压侧控制的方法相比得到了降低。
双执行器系统也是一种控制轨道压力的方式，它通过计算单元对压力进行控制，并且通过压力控制阀对高压端进行控制，因此同时具备高压侧控制与进口端燃料供给控制的优势。
(3)燃油喷射
喷油器直接将燃料喷到发动机的燃烧室。它们由与燃油轨道直接相连的短高压油轨提供燃油。发动机的控制单元通过与喷油器结合在一起的控制阀的开闭控制喷油嘴的开关。
喷油器的开启时间和系统油压决定了燃油供给量。在恒压状态下，燃油供给量与电磁阀的开启时间成正比，因此与发动机或油泵的转速(以时间为计量的燃油喷射)无关。
(4)液压辅助动力
与传统燃油喷射系统相比，将压力的产生与燃油的喷射分离开来，有利于燃烧室的充分燃烧。燃油喷射压力在系统中基本可以自主选择。目前最高燃油压力为1600巴，将来会达到1800巴。
共轨系统通过引入预喷射或多次喷射可以进一步减少废气排放，也能明显降低燃烧噪声。通过多次触发高速转换阀的开闭可以在每个喷射周期内实现多达5次的喷射。喷油针阀的开闭动作是液压辅助元件助力的，以保证喷射结束的快速性。
(5)控制和调节
发动机的控制单元通过传感器检测加速踏板的位置以及发动机和车辆的当前工况。采集到的数据包括：
① 曲轴转速和转角； ② 燃油轨道的压力； ③ 进气压力；
④ 进气温度、冷却液温度和燃油温度； ⑤ 进气量； ⑥ 车速等。
电控单元处理输入信号。与燃烧同步，电控单元计算施加给压力控制阀或计算模块、喷油器和其他执行机构(如EGR阀，废气涡轮增压器)的触发信号。
喷油器的开关时间应很短，采用优化的高压开关阀和专业的控制系统即可实现。
根据曲轴和凸轮轴传感器的数据，对照发动机状态(时间控制)，角度/时间系统调节喷油正时。电控柴油机系统(EDC)可以实现对燃油喷射量的精确计算。此外，EDC还拥有额外的功能以进一步提高发动机的响应特性和便利性。
其基本功能包括对柴油燃油喷射正时的精确控制，和在给定压力下对油量的控制。这样，它们就保证了柴油发动机具有能耗低、运行平稳的特点。
其他开环和闭环控制功能用于减少废气排放和燃油消耗，或提供附加的可靠性和便利性，具体例子有：
① 废气在循环控制； ② 增压控制； ③ 巡航控制；
④ 电子防盗控制系统等。(6)控制单元结构。
由于发动机控制单元通常最多有8个喷油器输出口，所以超过八缸的发动机需要两个控制单元。它们通过内置高速CAN网络的“主/从”接口进行连接，因此也拥有较高的微控制器处理能力。一些功能被 分配给某个特定的控制单元(如燃料平衡控制)，其功能根据需求情况(如检测传感器信号)可以动态地分配给一个或多个控制单元。
The Common Rail Calls for lower fuel consumption, reduced exhaust-gas emission, and quiet engines are making greater demands on the engine and fuel-injection system.The demands placed on diesel-engine fuel-injection systems are continuously increasing.Higher pressures, faster switching times, and a variable rate-of-discharge curve modified to the engine operating state have made the diesel engine economical, clean, and powerful.As a result, diesel engines have even entered the realm of luxury-performance sedans.These demands can only be met by a fuel-injection pressure.At the same time the injected fuel quantity must be very precisely metered, and the rate-of-discharge curve must have an exact shape, and pre-injection and secondary injection must be performable.A system that meets these demands is the common-rail fuel-injection system.The main advantage of the common-rail system is its ability to vary injection pressure and timing over a broad scale.This was achieved by separating pressure generation(in the high-pressure pump)from the fuel-injection system(injection).The rail here acts as a pressure accumulator.Principle of the Common Rail The common-rail system consists of the following main component groups: ① The low-pressure stage, comprising the fuel-supply system components;② The high-pressure system, comprising components such as the high-pressure pump, fuel-rail, injector, and high-pressure fuel lines.The electronic diesel control(EDC), consisting of system modules, such as sensors, the electronic control unit, and actuators.The key components of the common-rail system are the injectors.They are fitted with a rapid-action valve(solenoid valve or piezo-triggered actuator)which opens and closes the nozzle.This permits control of the injection process for each cylinder.All the injectors are fed by a common fuel rail, this being the origin of the term “common rail”.In the common-rail fuel-injection system, the function of pressure generation and fuel injection are separate.The injection pressure is generated independent of the engine speed and the injected fuel quantity.The electronic diesel control(EDC)controls each of the components.(1)Pressure Generation.Pressure generation and fuel injection are separated by means of an accumulator volume.Fuel under pressure is supplied to the accumulator volume of the common
rail ready for injection.A continuously operating high-pressure pump driven by the engine produces the desired injection pressure.Pressure in the fuel rail is maintained irrespective of engine speed or injected fuel quantity.Owing to the almost uniform injection pattern, the high-pressure pump design can be much smaller and its drive-system torque can be lower than conventional fuel-injection systems.This results in a much lower load on the pump drive.The high-pressure pump is a radial-piston pump.On commercial vehicles, an in-line fuel-injection pump is sometimes fitted.(2)Pressure Control The pressure control method applied is largely dependent on the system.One way of controlling rail pressure is to control the high-pressure side by a pressure-control valve.Fuel not required for injection flows back to the low-pressure circuit via the pressure-control valve.This type of control loop allows rail pressure to react rapidly to changes in operating point(e.g.in the event of load changes).Control on the high-pressure side was adopted on the first common-rail systems.The pressure-control valve is mounted preferably on the fuel rail.In some applications, however, it is mounted directly on the high-pressure pump.Another way of controlling rail pressure is to control fuel delivery on the suction side.The metering unit flanged on the high-pressure pump makes sure that the pump delivers exactly the right quantity of fuel rail in order to maintain the injection pressure required by the system.In a fault situation, the pressure-relief valve prevents rail pressure from exceeding a maximum.Fuel-delivery control on the suction side reduces the quantity of fuel under high pressure and lowers the power input of the pump.This has a positive impact on fuel consumption.At the same time, the temperature of the fuel flowing back to the fuel tank is reduced in contrast to the control method on the high-pressure side.The two-actuator system is also a way of controlling rail pressure, which combines pressure control on the suction side via the metering unit and control on the high-pressure side via the pressure-control valve, thus marrying the advantages of high-pressure-side control and suction-side fuel-delivery control.(3)Fuel Injection.The injectors spray fuel directly into the engine’s combustion chambers.They are supplied by short high-pressure fuel lines connected to the fuel rail.The engine control unit controls the switching valve integrated in the injector to open and close
the injector nozzle.The injector opening times and system pressure determine the quantity of fuel delivered.At a constant pressure, the fuel quantity delivered is proportional to the switching time of the solenoid valve.This is, therefore, independent of engine or pump speed(time-based fuel injection).(4)Potential Hydraulic Power.Separating the functions of pressure generation and fuel injection opens up future degrees of freedom in the combustion process compared with conventional fuel-injection systems;the injection pressure at pressure at present is 160 MPa;in future this will rise to 180 MPa.The common-rail system allows a future reduction in exhaust-gas emissions by introducing pre-injection events or multiple injection events and also attenuating combustion noise significantly.Multiple injection events of up to five per injection cycle can be generated by triggering the highly rapid-action switching valve several times.The nozzle-needle closing action is hydraulically assisted to ensure that the end of injection is rapid.(5)Control and Regulation.The engine control unit detects the accelerator-pedal position and the current operating states of the engine and vehicle by means of sensors.The data collected includes:
① Crankshaft speed and angle;② Fuel-rail pressure;③ Charge-air pressure:
④ Intake air, coolant temperature, and fuel temperature: ⑤ Air-mass intake: ⑥ Road speed, etc.The electronic control unit evaluates the input signals.In sync with combustion, it calculates the triggering signals for the pressure-control valve or the metering unit, the injectors, and the other actuators(e.g.the EGR valve, exhaust-gas turbocharger actuators, etc.).The injector switching times, which need to be short, are achievable using the optimized high-pressure switching valves and a special control system.The angle/time system compares injection timing, based on data from the crankshaft and camshaft sensors, with the engine state(time control).The electronic diesel control(EDC)permits a precise metering of the injected fuel quantity.In
addition, EDC offers the potential for additional functions that can improve engine response and convenience.The basic functions involve the precise control of diesel-fuel injection timing and fuel quantity at the reference pressure.In this way, they ensure that the diesel engine has low consumption and smooth running characteristics.Additional open-and close-loop control functions perform the tasks of reducing exhaust-gas emissions and fuel consumption, or providing added safely and convenience.Some examples are:
① Control of exhaust-gas recirculation;② Boost-pressure control;③ Cruise control;
1.对外承包工程保函风险专项资金(Outward Guarantee Under Government Special Fund For Overseas Construction)由中央财政出资设立，为符合规定的对外承包工程项目开具的投标、履约、预付款保函提供担保、垫支赔付的专项资金。本专项资金项下的保函业务由财政部、商务部委托我行及授权分行独家承办。
2.对外劳务合作备用金保函(Retention Guarantee For Labor Cooperation)银行根据《对外劳务合作备用金暂行办法》为开展对外劳务合作业务的企业向商务主管部门出具的，保证企业在解决外派劳务人员突发事件中支付一定款项的书面文件。
3.履约保函(Performance Guarantee)银行应客户申请向工程承包项目中的业主或商品买卖中的买方出具的，保证申请人严格履行承包合同或供货合同的书面文件。
4.投标保函(Tender Guarantee/Bid Bond)在以招标方式成交的工程建造和物资采购等项目中，银行应招标方的要求出具的、保证投标人在招标有效期内不撤标、不改标、中标后在规定时间内签定合同或提交履约保函的书面文件。
5.预付款保函(Advance Payment Guarantee)银行应客户申请向工程承包项目中的业主或商品买卖中的买方出具的，保证申请人在业主或买方支付预付款后履行合同义务的书面文件。
6.融资保函(Financing Guarantee)银行应借款人申请向贷款人出具的，保证借款人履行借贷资金偿还义务的书面文件。
7.付款保函(Payment Guarantee)银行应合同买方申请向卖方出具的，保证买方履行因购买商品、技术、专利或劳务合同项下的付款义务面出具的书面文件。
8.为境外投资企业提供的融资性对外担保(Financing Guarantee For Overseas Investment)银行应企业国内母公司的申请，为其境外全资附属企业或参股企业向当地金融机构融资或取得授信额度而出具的担保，保证境外企业履行贷款本息偿还义务或授信额度协议规定的资金偿还义务。
9.海事保函(Marine Guarantee)银行应船东、船公司、船东互保协会或保险公司的申请向海事法院或海事仲裁机构出具的，保证其被扣留的船只或财产被释放后，能够按照法院的判决书或仲裁结果上列明的赔款金额做出赔付的书面文件。
10.预留金保函(Retention Money Guarantee)银行应工程承包方或供货方的申请，向业主或买方出具的保证申请人在提前支取合同价款中的尾款部份后继续履行合同义务的书面文件。
11.关税保函(Customs Guarantee)应申请人要求向海关出具的，保证申请人履行缴纳关税义务的书面文件。
12.诉讼保函(Litigation Guarantee)银行应原告申请向司法部门出具的，保证原告在败诉的情况下履行损失赔偿义务的书面文件。
13.质量/维修保函(Quality/Maintenance Guarantee)银行应工程承包方或供货方的申请，向业主或买方出具的保证申请人履行保修期或维修期内合同义务的书面文件。
14.加工贸易税款保付保函(Taxation Guarantee For Processing Trade)银行应加工贸易企业的要求，向海关出具的保证加工贸易企业在海关核定的加工贸易合同手册有效期内，履行产品出口或按规定缴纳税款的书面保证。
15.网上支付税费担保(E-Taxation Guarantee)根据海关总署2005年第40号公告等有关规定，为满足纳税义务人在海关办理先放行货物后缴纳海关税费的网上支付业务需求，向海关出具的保证纳税义务人在海关规定的期限内向海关缴纳到期应缴税费的书面担保。
16.加工贸易进口料件保证金台账业务(Taxation Guarantee for Processing Trade)经营加工贸易的单位或企业凭主管海关核准的手续，按合同备案料、件金额向主管海关所在地的中国银行申请设立加工贸易进口料件保证金台账，加工成品在规定的加工期限内全部出口，经海关核销合同后，再由中国银行核销保证金台账。若企业在合同规定的加工期内未能及时出口或经批准转内销的，海关将会同税务部门和中国银行对企业进行税款追缴。对于逾期不向海关办理核销手续的加工贸易企业，中国银行不再为其开设新台账。加工贸易企业设立台账时分为“实转”和“空转”两种。
17.租赁保函(Lease Guarantee)银行应承租人的申请向出租人出具的，保证承租人按期支付租金的书面文件。根据租赁方式的不同，可分为融资租赁和经营租赁保函。
18.保函通知在对外经贸活动中，保函的受益人在商务谈判中指定中国银行作为保函的通知银行。无论是信开还是电开的保函，中国银行能为客户核验保函的真实性，并及时将保函正本通知客户。
19.出具保函承诺函在正当合理的业务背景下应客户申请出具的承诺我行将为其出具保函的书面文件。分为有条件承诺函和无条件承诺函。
20.延期付款保函对延期支付或远期支付的合同价款以及由于延付而产生的利息所做出的一种书面付款保证。
21.即期付款保函应买方或业主申请向卖方或承包方出具的，保证合同项下货款支付或承包工程进度款支付的书面保证文件。
22.认沽权证保函在上市公司股权分置改革中，银行应非流通股大股东（被担保人）的申请，向享有被担保人派送的上市公司认沽权利的投资者出具的保证被担保人履行其在上市公司股权分置改革时派发的认沽权利中的义务的不可撤消的连带责任担保。
