it用法完全归纳

it用法完全归纳

it用法完全归纳 篇1

一、it 作人称代词的用法

1.指事物

作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke.我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。

It’s hard work, but I enjoy it.工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。

“Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom.” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。

2.指人

it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：

Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?

There is a knock on the door.It must be the postman.有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。

【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。

3.代替某些代词

代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。

如：

“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine.”

“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。

Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗?

二、it 作非人称代词的用法

1.基本用法

it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。

如：

It’s too late to go there now.现在去那儿已经太迟了。

It rained all day yesterday.昨天下了一天的雨。

It can get very hot here.这里有时会很热。

2.用于某些句型

It’s time for sth.该做某事了。

It’s time to do sth.该做某事的时候了。

It’s time for sb to do sth.某人该干某事了。

It’s(about / high)time + that-从句.某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”)It’s first(second)time + that-从句.某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

It’s + 时间段 + since-从句.自从„„有一段时间了。

It’s + 时间段 + before-从句.过多长的时间才„„

三、it用作形式主语

1.基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。

如：

It’s very important to remember this.记住这一点很重要。

It’s hard work climbing mountains.爬山是费劲的事。

It’s unknown when he will come.他什么时候来还不知道。

2.用作形式主语的的重要句型

(1)It + be + adj.for(of)sb to do sth 某人做某事„„

It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。

【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对„„来说”

(2)It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth.某人做某事花了„„时间

It takes years to master a new language.要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。

【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：It took me an hour to write the letter.=The letter took me an hour(to write).=I took an hour to write the letter.我写这封信花了一个小时。

(3)It is up to sb to do sth.该由某人做某事

It’s up to you to to make the choice.得由你来作选择。

(4)it look(seem, appear, happen, occur)that [as if]„ 似乎„„

It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me.他似乎没认出我来。

It happened that I was out when he called.他打电话时我碰巧不在家。

(5)It is(was)被强调部分+ that(who)+ 句子其他部分.此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语.It is from the sun that we get light and heat.It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.典型例题

1）It was last night ___ I saw the comet(彗星).A.the time B.when C.that D.which

答案C.强调句的结构是：It +be +强调部分 + that(who)+ 主谓句.强调句的连词只有两个,that和who.当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 “who”,其余用that.原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.(注意不用when)

强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.四、it用作形式宾语

1.基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。

如：

I find it difficult to do the job well.我发现做好这件事不容易。

I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好住这儿。

We think it no use complaining.我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

2.用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构(1)动词+ it + that-从句。如：

I like it that you came.你来了，我很高兴。

I take it(that)he will come on time.我认为他会准时来的。

You can put it that it was arranged before.你可以说这是以前安排的。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。It 的用法练习

一．单项选择。

1.Was it during the Second World War _____he died?

A.that

B.while

C.in which

D.then 2.Is ____ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?

A.everyone

B.this

C.her

D.it

3.Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?

A.now

B.that

C.it

D.man

4.I don’t think ___ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this

B.that

C.its

D.it

5.She heard of a terrible noise, ___ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it

B.which

C.this

D.that

6.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

7.Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A.this

B.that

C.he

D.it

（补充定语从句中which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，例如：

He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.）

8.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____ didn’t help.A.he

B.which

C.she

D.it

9.The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.it

10.____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There

B.This

C.That

D.It

12.It was about 600 years ago___the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that

B.until

C.before

D.when

13.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it

B.that

C.these

D.them

14.It was only when I reread his poems recently____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until

B.that

C.then

D.so

15.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one

B.that

C.what

D.it

16.It ____ you that ____ to blame.A.is;is

B.is;are

C.are;are

D.are;is

17.Was_____that I saw last night at the concert?

A.it you

B.not you

C.you

D.that you

18.____ electricity plays such an important part in our life?

A.Why is it that

B.Why is it

C.Why it is that

D.Why is that

19.It was ____ he said _____ disappointed me.A.what;what

B.that;that

C.what;that

D.that;what

20.It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Harris ___ they did the experiment.A.which;that

B.that;what

C.whom;that

D.which;where

1-5ADCDB

6-10CDDBD

11-15DAABB

it用法完全归纳 篇2

一、作人称代词

1. 指事物，可用来代替除人以外的一切事物和动物。如：

There is a book on the desk.It belongs to me.桌上有一本书，是我的。

It makes me very sad every time I think of my sick brother.每当我想起我生病的弟弟, 就让我很伤心。

2. 指人，用于性别不详或性别无关紧要时。如：

—Who is knocking at the door?—It’s me.谁在敲门?是我。

Look at the baby in the photo.How lovely it looks!看照片上的婴儿。真可爱!

3. it还可用来代替指示代词this, that以及不定代词some-thing, anything, nothing等。如：

What’s that over there?Oh, it’s my watch.那边那个是什么?哦，是我的手表。

Something is wrong with your computer, isn’t it?你的电脑出故障了，是吗?

二、作非人称代词

表示时间、天气、季节、距离、环境等，“it”没有实际的意义。如：

It is time for class.到了上课的时间了。

It is very hot in summer.夏天很热。

It is only half an hour’s walk to the tall tower.只有半小时的路程就可以到达高塔了。

It will be lovely in the park today.今天公园里一定很好玩。

三、作先行词

1. 作形式主语

英语中动词不定式、动名词、主语从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，主语往往显得很长，整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，所以借助“it”来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边，使全句看上去平稳一些。“it”没有实际的意义。如：

It’s important not to feed her too much.不要喂她太多食物很重要。

It is important that all children learn to read and write.所有孩子学会看书写字，这是很重要的。

其主要句型如下：

(1) It+be+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.

It is impossible for him to do all the work alone.他不可能单独完成所有工作。

It is foolish of you not to forgive others for their mistakes.你不原谅他人的过错，真蠢。

介词for和of的区别：for表示对象，意为“对……来说”;

of一般用来指人的性格、属性、特征等。

(2) It+takes sb.+时间段+to do sth.

It took me two hours to finish reading this novel.我花了两小时看完这本小说。

It seems that it is going to rain.看起来要下雨了。

(4) It’s said/reported that...据说/据报道……

It’s said that he won two Oscar nominations.据说他获得过两次奥斯卡提名。

2. 作形式宾语

当动词不定式、动名词、宾语从句等复杂成分用作句子宾语且后跟宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。这种情况通常只用于能带以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面，其结构为：动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词、宾语从句)。如：

I found it difficult to get on well with him.我发现和他友好相处很难。

Wearing red makes it easier for you to take action.穿红色衣服是你更容易采取行动。

3. 构成强调句型

其基本结构为：“It is (was)+所强调的成分(主语、宾语、状语)+that/who...”。强调句型是简单句，可以用来强调句中的主语、宾语和状语，但不能强调定语和谓语。引导词“it”用在句首，引出需要强调的部分，这种强调句型表达的意思为“是……，正是……，就是……”。“it”在这种句型中本身没什么实际意义。

It’s you who made our story so perfect.是你让我们的故事如此完美。

这里需要说明的是：如被强调的是人，则后面用who或tha都可以;如被强调的是物或其他情况，则只能用that。

It was yesterday that I met your sister in the park.我就是昨天在公园遇见你姐的。

It was in the park that I met your sister yesterday.我就是在公园昨天遇见你姐的。

It was your sister that/who I met in the park yesterday.昨天我在公园遇见的就是你姐。

it用法完全归纳 篇3

http:///test/kuaisu.aspx?tid=16-73675-0

美联英语提供：高二英语语法：free用法归纳

free adj.(1)空闲的;有空的。

Are you free tomorrow?明天你有空吗?(2)免费的;无偿的。

①Do you enjoy free medical care ?你享受免费医疗吗? ②—Why are you so happy?你怎么那么高兴? —Because I got two free ticket.我免费弄到两张票。(3)自由的。

①The birds in the cage wish to be free.笼中之鸟盼望自由。

②You are free to say anything you want to at the meeting.会上你可以畅所欲言。freeze,freezing,frozen freeze是动词“结冰,凝固”;freezing可用作名词“冰点”,用作形容词“冰冷的”,用作副词“极冷地”;frozen既是freeze的过去分词形式,也可用作形容词,表示“冷冻的”。对比: Water freezes below freezing.冰点以下时水结冰。It was freezing cold that morning.那天早晨非常地冷。The roads are frozen in places.路上多处结冰。[应用]英译汉 ①above/over freezing ②freezing weather ③be frozen to death ④give sb.a freezing cold ⑤freezing machine ⑥frozen meat ⑦I’m frozen,so I can’t write ⑧I’m freezing,so I’ve to put on a heavy coat.Key:

①零度以上 ②很冷的天气 ③被冻死 ④冷冷地看某人一眼 ⑤制冷机 ⑥冻肉

⑦我冻坏了,不能写东西了。⑧我觉得冷极了,我得穿件厚大衣 高中英语语法之人称代词的用法讲解

1、多个人称代词的排列顺序 ①you and I ②he and I ③you and he ④you，he and I ⑤you，they and we（情况多）

2、It 的用法 ① 代替this，that That’s a book，isn’t it ？ ② 做某动作的人或婴儿

---Someone is coming.Who can it be ？---It may be Jack.It’s a lovely baby.Is it a boy or a girl？ ③表示时间、距离、自然现象 It’s 20 miles to（from）Paris.3、简略回答中用so，not，it 的情况 ①肯定答语中，下列动词后面常用so: think，hope，believe，I’m afraid，It seems（appears），---Is it true that he had a heart attack？---I’m afraid so./ I believe so./ It seems so.②否定答语中用not:---Has Anne got into university？

---I’m afraid not./ I think not./ It seems not.③协力动词中也可以用not…so: believe，think，suppose，expect，etc I don’t believe so./ I don’t think so.④do代替上下文动词，并且表示一个已完成的动作时，do后常用so / it:---Please lay the table.---I’ve just done so（it）。

etc.关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里

英语it 用法总结 篇4

一些含有IT的习惯用语需要牢记,以下是一般对方都熟知的,无须要明确指出来.

For example:

1.Cab it (乘车)

2.brave it out (拼命干到底)

3.walk it (步行)

4.go it alone (单枪匹马地干)

5.beat it (走,滚)

6.make it (办成功)

7.come it (尽自己之分内事情)

8.come it strong (做得过分)

9.lord it over (欺压)

10.take it (猜想,以为,断定;[口][常与 can, be able to 连用]忍受得住(痛苦、批评、困难, 嘲笑等))

11.take it out of somebody (拿某人出气)

12.have it out with somebody (与某人讲个明白)

13.be hard put to it (在艰难之中)

14.Is that it? (你就要我做这些吗?= Is that all you wanted me for? )

15.You’re it. (你是下一个)

7、引词IT

(1)IT用做引词

A.形式主语

a.真实主语为不定式

For example:

It was his duty to attend to the matter. (处理那事是他的责任)

It was not within my power to answer the question. (我无能力回答这个问题)

b.真实主语为不定式复合结构

For example:

It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living. (懒汉谋生是日益困难了)

What time would it be most convenient for me to call again? (何时我再给你打电话最合适?)

It’s very good of you to have listened to me. (感谢你,能听我讲.)

It’s very thoughtful and kind of you to offer me this lovely holiday. (您能给我这么美好的假日实在是想得太周到和太友善了)

c.真实主语为动名词

For example:

It’s no use saying any more about what I think. (我如何想的再说也没有用了.)

Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me? (你认为与我吵架值得吗?)

d.真实主语为动名词复合结构

For example:

It has been a great honor your coming to visit me. (你的来访是我很大的荣幸.)

It would have been so bad her overhearing. (她如果偷听到那就糟糕了.)

I’m afraid it vexes her my having brought Roly.(我恐怕我带罗力来使她生气了)

e.真实主语为主语从句

For example:

It seems that he is rich.. (看起来他很富有.)

It doesn’t matter what you do.(你干什么都没有关系)

It was clear enough what she meant.(她的意思十分清楚)

He was an old man, and it did not matter much where he lived.(他年事已高,在哪儿居住都无所谓)

It’ a pity he doesn’t swim. (他不会游泳,真遗憾)

B.形式宾语

a.真实宾语为不定时

For example:

I find it easy enough to get on with Pam.. (我觉得与帕姆相处很容易.)

I would think it worth while to go.(我认为去是值得的.)

He thought it best to be on his guard. (他认为他最好还是要警惕.)

He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session. (他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发言一次.)

He felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr. Otis. (他觉得把事实告诉奥蒂斯先生是他的职责)

b.真实主语为动名词

For example:

You must find it exciting working here.. (你一定会发现在此工作是很令人兴奋的.)

I think it very unwise going on as we are without definite agreement.(我认为我们没有明确的协议就进行是不明智的.)

He find it a great privation not being allowed to smoke there. (他觉得在那里不能吸烟对他是一大痛苦.)

注：以上例句皆可不用形式宾语,可改写为：

You must find working here exciting.

I think going on as we are without definite agreement very unwise.

He found not being allowed to smoke there a great privation.

c.真实宾语为宾语从句

For example:

I think it best that you should stay here. (我认为你最好留在这里.)

I used to feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. (我曾老觉得母亲不得不无休止地操劳是一件可怕的事情.)

I take it you have been out. (我想你出去过了.)

I took it for granted that you would stay with us. (我认为你当然会留在我们这里的.)

I have it on my conscience that I offended you. (我心里老嘀咕着我得罪了你)

They kept it quiet that he was dead. (对于他的死他们没有透露一丝口风.)

(2)引词IT用于强调结构中

①英语中常用的强调结构是：“It is (was)+被强调的部分(主语、宾语或状语)+ who(that)…”.一般说来,被强调部分指人时用who,指物时用that(但that亦可指人).注意：强调结构在强调状语时,只可用that从句,不可用which.

For example: John wore his best suit to the dance last night.(约翰昨晚他穿着他最好的一套衣服去参加舞会)

It was John who (that) wore his best suit to the dance last night.

It was his best suit (that) John wore to the dance last night.

It was last night (that) John wore his best suit to the dance.

It was to the dance that John wore his best suit last night.

②强调结构也可强调短语和从句(包括because,only when,who,whom,whose,that,which等引导的从句).

For example:

I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here.(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)

It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. (我昨天是由于想买一本字典而进城的.)

It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value them(只有你差一点失去某一个人时,你才会充分意识到你是多么珍视他们.)

It must be your mother who (whom, that) you are thinking of.(你在想的一定是你的母亲.)

It was your brother to whom I offered a dollar for his knife yesterday.(我昨天给了你兄弟1元钱买他的小刀.)

It is Uncle Bill whose address I lost.(比尔叔叔的地址我丢了.)

It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice.(应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中.)

③表语与宾语补语偶尔也可为被强调的部分.但通常情况下,表语一般不可用作被强调的部分.

For example:

It was a doctor that he eventually became.(他最后成了一个医生)

It’s dark green that we’ve painted the kitchen.(我们把厨房漆成了深绿色)

④强调结构的时态一般应该一致.但也有例外的例子.

For example:

It is not I who am angry.(发怒的不是我.)

I was my two sisters who knew her best(是我的两个姐妹最了解他.)

I will not be you who will have to take the blame for this.(对此受责难的将不是你.)

For exceptional example:

It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime. (是威廉姆斯小姐以读小说来消遣.)

It is these very novels that Miss Williams enjoyed reading as a pastime.(威廉姆斯小姐作为消遣所读的小说就是这些.)

⑤强调结构不但可以用于独立句中,也可以用在从句之中.

For example:

It deserves attention that it is especially the verb to do which is often found in the active voice.(应该注意, 特别是行为动词常用在主动语态中.)

I suspected it was on her orders that you were bringing him here.(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)

He told me that it was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life. (他告诉我是解放才使他的生活有了翻天覆地的变化.)

⑥强调结构中的that 与who在非正式文体中可以省略.有时还可以省去句首的It is (was).

For example:

I suspected it was on her orders you were bringing him here.(我怀疑你是遵照她的吩咐要把他带到这儿来的)

A good, honest trade you are learning, Sir Peter! (彼得爵士,你学得是一种很好而诚实的一行啊!)

⑦强调结构中的被强调部分有时可放在句首.

For example:

Now was it that his life was done, and the fate which he could not escape was upon him.(就在这时,他的生命完结了,他所逃脱不了的命运降临了.)

⑧It is(was)之后可有一个以上的被强调部分.

For example:

考研英语It的用法 篇5

It分为两种情况，一种是指代性it,另一种则为非指代性it。在此为大家介绍it的几种用法。

指代性it一般是指人称代词it， it作人称代词时可指代事物、动物、婴儿、未知的人或一件事。

例句1：It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. 这句话中第二个it就是指代前面的theory。这是一个许多经济学家赞同的理论，但是在实际中，它往往会使得铁路处于一个决定哪些公司会兴旺，哪些公司会衰败的地位中。

例句2： Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems. 在这句话中，it指代a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected 这一情况。除非这些问题得到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方法也可能随之受到排斥。

第二种情况是非指代性it。非指代性it是相对于作人称代词的it而言的。他们往往没有具体意义上的主语，它用于表示气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等。非指代性it常作seem, appear, look, happen, occur, follow等动词的主语，构成特定的句型。

例句：From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.这句中it没有实际意义，为非指代性用法，that引导表语从句。从热点人口分析中可以看出，非洲板块是静止不动的，而且在过去的三百万年中也从未移动过。

当然，在考研考试中，it的重难点更加具体和明确。

it 做先行词。it做形式主语或者形式宾语。It作形式主语时，往往放在句首，将真正的主语(动词不定式、动名词、从句)放在之后。其中it可作形式主语指代不定式，这时常见的谓语有：take, pay, make, cost, require, feel, annoy, need等。另外，it形式主语指代It形式主语指代从句，而且主要形式为It is+a.+than; It is+n.+that; It is+done+that; It+vi+that;

例如：It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspaper.

It做形式宾语是放在谓语动词与宾语补足语之间，指代不定式、动名词、从句等。后接it作形式宾语的谓语动词有：feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, suppose, think, deem, regard, count等。

引导强调句的it。同学们所熟悉的强调句型中，它的基本形式就是“it+be的某种形式+that/who从句”。当被强调部分是人时须用who, 其他情况用that。例句：Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. 在because从句中就运用了it was ….that的强调句型，强调部分为the Federal Circuit itself. 对商业方法专利申请的限制将会是一个巨大的改变，因为这些专利正是联邦巡回法院自己在审理一个被称作“美国道富银行”的案件时提出的，判决中巡回法院批准了一项共同基金资产集资方法的专利。

it作句子的真正主语

1.it 指前面已经提到过的人或事物，有时指心目中的或成为问题的人或事物，作真正主语。

例如：

What’s this? -It is a sheep? 这是什么??这是一只绵羊。

Who is it? -It’s me (I). 谁??是我。

It’s the wind shaking the window. 是风刮得窗户响。

2.it指时间、季节。一般用在无人称动词的主语。

例如：

What time is it? -It’s nine. 几点了??九点了。

It’s time for the meeting. Let’s go. 开会的时间到了，我们走吧。

What day is today? -It’s Saturday. 今天星期几??今天星期六。

What’s the date today? -It is October 1st.

今天是几号? ?今天是十月一日。

What season is it? -It is summer. 现在是什么季节??是夏季。

3.it 指气候。一般作无人称动词的主语。

例如：

Is it cold in this room? -No, it isn’t. 屋里冷吗??不冷。

What’s the weather like today? -It is fine.

今天天气怎么样??是晴天。

It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.

这个城市夏天经常下雨，冬天经常下雪。

4.it指距离、情况等。一般用作无人称动词的主语。

例如：

It is five kilometers from my home to the school.

从我家到学校有五公里。

It is very near from this factory to that one.

从这个工厂到那个工厂非常近。

It is a long way to the sea. 离海很远。

Is it well with you? 你身体好吗?

it作形式主语

动词不定式、动名词短语起、从句在句子中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多时，可以用it作为形式主语，放在句首代表其后所说的事实上的、真正的主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。

1.It +谓语+动词不定式。It 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。

例如：

It is difficult to climb a mountain. 爬山是很艰难的。

It’s a good habit to do morning exercises. 作早操是个好习惯。

It’s important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language. 在学习外语时适当地做一些有助于记忆的练习是很重要的。

It is right to do so. 这样做是对的。

2.It+谓语+动名词短语。It 作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。

例如：

It is dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是危险的。

It is no use learning without thinking. 学而不思则罔。

It’s useless arguing with a silly boy. 和笨孩子争论是没有用的。

3.It +谓语+名词性从句。It 作形式主语，以that 引导的名词性从句是真正的主语。

例如：

It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film.

你没看这么好的电影，真可惜。

It is certain that we shall succeed. 我们一定会成功。

It is strange that nobody knows where he lives.

真奇怪，谁也不知道他住在哪里。

(It is strange that…后面可用虚拟语气。

如：It is strange that he should have made such a mistake.

他居然犯了这样一个错误，真奇怪。

It is strange that nobody should know where he lives.

居然没有人知道他住在哪里，真奇怪。)

It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning.

据说飞机明天上午十点起飞。

it 用于强调结构

在表示强调的结构中，it 可用作先行代词，这种结构的句型如下：It +is/was +被强调的部分+that +其他部分。如果强调的部分是人，可用who, whom 代替that.

例如：

Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon.

王教授每星期一下午教我们英语。

强调主语：It is Professor Wang who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.

强调间接宾语：It is us whom Prof. Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.

强调直接宾语：It is English that Prof. Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.

强调状语：It is every Monday afternoon that Prof. Wang teaches us English.

It was here that I first met him. 这就是我初次与他见面的地方。

(强调状语)

It is the people who are realy powerful.

翻译练习

1)该上课了，快。

It is time for class. Hurry up.

2)从这儿到你们学校远吗??不远，大约一公里。

Is it far from here to your school? ?No, it isn’t. It’s about a kilometer.

3)从我家到颐和园去很近。