饭店英文翻译英语（精选8篇）
一、尽管世界上所有的饭店都可以按其陈设和设施标准（通常叫做硬件）和服务质量（通
常叫软件）来分类。但是不同的国家给饭店定级的方法有所不同。例如中国人和法国人长将饭店分成一星级、二星级、三星级、四星级和五星级。星级的多寡决定了饭店给住店客人提供的舒适条件和便利设施的不同。但在意大利，饭店是翻找另一种方式来定级的，其方法是将饭店分成豪华级和一至四级。在奥地利，饭店被定为a1级a级b级c级d级。但在美国，美国人给饭店定级并没有统一的标准，一般在美国，一家特定的饭店就代表一个标准，如马里奥特饭店，喜来登饭店集团，假日饭店集团，凯悦国际饭店集团和拉马达连锁饭店就各有各的标准。有趣的是有些国家把饭店简单的分成豪华型舒适性和时尚型或乡村型城镇型山间型和游客型。不管人们怎样给饭店定级别，提高饭店服务质量对饭店的发展是至关重要的，所以世界饭店组织一直在实施宏伟的金钥匙和银钥匙计划，为了全世界旅游者的利益而改进服务质量。
二、人们以不同的方式预定房间，有的给饭店写信预定，有的亲自去饭店预定或给饭店
打电话预定（不过用电话预定房间的客人通常的补寄一份书面的确认书）还有人发电报预定。进来饭店预定业务有一项新的发展，那就是建立电脑控制的预定网络，把连号饭店的各个分号联系起来，还可以跟航空公司的机座预订系统及一些重要旅行社的办公室的计算机终端连接起来，这一新发展极大地便利了顾客的预订手续。接到预定请求后，预订员要首先检查一下饭店的预订情况，看看在客人制定的日期里店方有无空房，如果店方能接受客人的预订，预订员就要填写一份预订单并把有关情况记录在预定日志中。
三、会议展览和会展为服务业创造了巨大数额的收益，会议包括正式会议讨论会和学术
研讨会以及其他形式聚集在一起以交换信息为目的的会议。会议一边不包括展览，展览是为向产品、设施设备和服务的提供者聚集在一起的环境而专门侧换的时间。在此氛围中向参加会议或展览的人员展示自己的产品和服务当一般会议与展览结合在一起就成为会展。从历史上来看，会议会展和展览业反映了整个服务业的变化，随着过去20年旅游业的众多变化，会议会展和展览的重要性也渐渐被人们所认识。面对面交流的需要成为了驱动会展业发展的动力。
四、客房部员工的具体工作包括：热烈欢迎客人的到来，帮客人提行李，引客进房，为
客人开门，介绍室内设施和物品，演示电器设施的操作，告知热水供应时间和客房分机号码，送呈服务指南。迎客服务和送客服务都很重要，它有利于给客人留下美好的整体印象，在欢送客人的同时，客房部员工应该提醒客人仔细的检查行李，尽量不遗落下任何物品，如果需要对于vip客人和团队客人，客房部员工应该列队欢迎或欢送客人。客房部员工还必须与前厅保持良好的沟通，前厅部相互客房部提供离店客房列表，以便及时清扫再次入住。客房部编制房态报告，通知前厅有那些空房，那些客房已入住，那些可放可以入住等信息，客房部在对客服务中对客人的具体情况要求了解的比较全面准确，客房部员工必须及时将这些情况反馈给前厅部，便于前厅部做好客户档案的记录工作，另外客房部员工还应在日常工作中协助前厅部做好如行李服务、留言服务、邮件服务、叫醒服务等工作。
五、早上八点服务员从一客人房间取意见书需干洗的白色衬衣，洗衣工在例行的检查中
发现袖口有轻微破损，由于当时客人不在房间且没有留下电话号码，洗衣工只得暂缓送洗以便客人回来时知道这个事实。可直到晚十时一点客人仍旧没归，为不耽误他的第二日的旅程客房部服务员决定将衬衣送洗同时给客人相关留言。但是不知为什么客人并没有发现这一留言，客房部服务员也没有给与他进一步解释，第二天当他收拾行李准备离店时发现了衬衣上的破损，然而客人并不认同并坚持索赔，如果你是客房部服务员你会怎麽办？
六、在许多饭店宴会预定员属于餐饮部职员，职责包括为需要在饭店订餐位或包间的客
人解答预定咨询，为客人安排餐位和包房，取消和修改预定，将预定信息和订单分发给饭店经理、厨师、会计、成本预算员等。宴会订餐有不同的方式，有些客人通过发传真给宴会预定员订餐，有些客人直接到饭店亲自预定，还有客人只是打电话预定。然而对于人数众多或者比较重要的宴会预定、建议面谈。客人亲自定坐时就会对宴会地点餐桌的摆放及上什么饮料和食物坐做详细的说明，谈妥后签约，内容包括日期和时间、用餐人数和每人用餐价格标准、包括宴席摆放在内的宴会厅的布置、组织者和联系人姓名电话支付方式和服务收费。
七、如果能采取简单的预防措施，桑拿浴对大多数人是十分安全的，在进行桑拿浴前避
免饮酒。在桑拿浴室内及周围走动要缓慢小心，在桑拿浴前两小时避免吃得太饱。在桑拿浴前喝四盎司水，在桑拿浴后喝八盎司水，每天在饮食中加点海盐和两调羹海草灰，如果饮用的水是无矿物质的，尤其需要加入这些物质，在进入桑拿浴前取下金属珠宝，因为他们会变得很烫，孕妇及五岁以下小孩应避免进行桑拿浴，尽管在芬兰孕妇通常在怀孕期间进行热的蒸汽桑拿浴而没有产生明显的不良影响。在热蒸汽桑拿浴中可以穿很少量衣服，但建议在有红外线加热的桑拿浴中不那么穿，用一小块毛巾擦掉汗，坐在另一小块毛巾上，再把一块毛巾放在地板上以避免滑倒，建议在桑拿浴中不要讲话也不要工作，要保持沉思或放松。
八、一些大旅馆在行政职员里有一位室内设计师。它主要负责旅馆的外观和房间的设
计。这涉及到家具样式、色彩设计、布料、墙壁上的图片、照明设备等等。室内设计师和客房部的工作人员精密配合，选择低廉、容易清洗和维护的纺织品、材料和设备。工程部的员工很少或者几乎不与顾客接触，但是他们在饭店的日常运行中起着非常重要的作用。工程部负责保养和维修饭店的所有机械和电力设备。一些中型和大型的饭店通常都聘用一个总工程师来负责管理工程部的员工。他和员工一起负责饭店的暖气和空调系统的正常运行，保养饭店的冰箱、灯具和交通系统，监控饭店所有的机械设备，这些区域的故障会给客人带来极大的不便，当然效用成本是非常重要的，在最近几年正以惊人的速度增长。
九、人力资源部负责员工的档案管理、员工考勤和员工的入职、离店手续，还要负责完
成人力资源报告，草拟人规章制度，人力资源部负责为员工办理社会保险，如养老保险、医疗保险和失业保险。负责员工的更衣室、宿舍和餐厅的管理以及工资的管理。招聘是人力资源的另一个主要任务，人力资源部必须知道哪些职位已经满员，哪些职位需要不组织员，还要设法填满空缺职位，一种方式是发布招聘广告，与对某职位感兴趣的应聘人员进行初次面试并推荐到相应的部门，负责受训员工的技能培训，他们负责组织内部员工的培训核心员工的入职培训，也负责组织员工生日会，他们应该及时对员工布告栏进行维护和更新。
十、当处理投诉时最重要的不是考虑谁对谁错，而是考虑如何处理这种情形与任何人接
一、饭店英语教学的现状
为全面了解中职学生的心理特征, 笔者针对学习兴趣等要素对126名酒店专业学生进行了问卷调查, 其中:45%的学生主观排斥, 23%的学生认为没有必要, 15%的学生感到有心无力, 10%的学生认为可以学习, 仅有7%的学生很喜欢英语学习。不难看出, 虽然有了一定的基础, 但很多学生欠缺基本的交际运用能力, 主要表现在语音基础差, 词汇掌握少, 平时练习不够, 语法基本不懂等方面。反思英语课堂教学, 不难发现中职英语教学除了学生基础薄弱, 水平参差不齐之外, 教学方法和内容, 教学设施设备上也存在与职业培养需求脱节的现象。主要表现在:一是教学理念与职教特色结合不紧密。部分中职英语课和专业课没有形成有机的整体, 内容重复, 学科之间缺少知识渗透, 学生知识迁移不够。部分老师重教法轻学法, 重提问轻思维, 重知识传授轻能力发展, 在整个的教学活动中, 学生始终处于听、抄、写的被动状态, 失去独立掌握知识、主动训练能力的机会, 不能及时思考、消化、吸收。二是教材难度与学生基础水平差距大。酒店专业英语教材普遍内容较多, 难度较大, 实用性不强。与中职学生“生源复杂, 知识结构、层次不一”等状况不相符合, 更不适宜中职学校的教学发展。三是教学设备与现代教育方式不配套。中职学校普遍存在语音设备缺乏、简陋等问题, 大部分老师仍借助黑板、粉笔、录音机开展课堂教学, 现代化教学设备和教学手段亟待充实和提高。
二、饭店英语课堂教学设计建议
提高酒店专业学生外语能力, 培养出能熟练地、正确地运用外语为饭店服务的人才, 是酒店专业教学改革的重要任务。在酒店英语教学中更加强调主动性、情境性、灵活性、合作性等原则。因此, 在酒店英语课堂教学中, 教师应营造良好的交流环境, 提供具有真实情境性的学习环境。
1、引导学生自主学习, 树立以“学生为主体”的教学理念。
依据中职课改要求, 教师应重新树立正确的酒店英语教学理念, 不再是教学活动主体, 而是主导者、组织者和管理者。教师承要帮助学生降低焦虑感, 主动使用相关酒店专业英语开口说。例如讲授如何填写客房预订时, 教师可根据学生具体情况, 通过以任务型和角色扮演等课堂教学手段, 让学生实践知晓如何进行填写, 并使用恰当语言进行回复。结合学生实际英语展现, 老师提出肯定评价或修改建议。学生通过对比, 修改和提高自己的语言运用能力。以《饭店英语》第二单元为例, 可先让学生分角色扮演前台接待员和房客, 学生观察自己所使用的语言, 然后播放提前准备关于预定房间的视频, 学生再次对比, 最后再播放课文录音, 不断给他们积极主动思考的空间, 学生从对比中得出最恰当的使用方式, 从而实现知识获取。
2、创设情景教学环境, 搭建“以课堂为载体”的教学平台。
酒店英语作为专门用途英语, 有着特定使用环境, 可创设情境进行有效教学。现在各大中职学校都有多媒体及网络教学, 可在酒店英语教学中借助计算机辅助进行情境教学, 有效将教学资料以视、听、说的形式创设出生动有趣的学习环境, 激发学生的学习兴趣。例如《饭店英语》第九单元关于供应西餐方面, 通过多媒体展示相关餐饮词汇, 让学生脱离课本, 模拟宾馆西餐厅中订餐、上餐、撤餐等情景进行训练。学生反复训练, 逐步纠正自己的服务语言。介绍酒店设备时, 通过多媒体图片给学生提供形象生动的展示并结合文字的单词进行教学。情景化教学有利于学生练习在实际应用环境, 思索如何对恰当的语言进行获取, 形成正确语言使用习惯。
在了解酒店英语的教学特点的基础上, 根据学生的实际情况和未来工作的需要, 采用相应的教学法, 力争做到英语课堂教学交际化, 做到“教用统一”, 急用什么就先教什么, 要怎么用就怎么教。并尽量利用现代化的教学手段, 创造适当的情景, 以使英语教学在接近实际的环境中进行, 从而加强学生在酒店专业工作中的英语交流能力。
3、开展合作学习研究, 探索“以实用为目的”的教学模式。
中职课改强调学生的合作能力, 在酒店英语教学中, 教师可采用小组合作、同桌讨论、相互评价、分组对话等方式促进学生合作学习。例如《饭店英语》第一单元学习酒店接待时, 教师提前将学生分成小组, 布置任务, 通过网络学习, 查找酒店预订的几种方式。以小组为单位完成网上酒店预订资料的填写。再要求各小组学生分角色模拟电话预订的过程, 同时, 对各小组在本单元学习过程中的综合表现进行评。通过这种方式的合作, 旨在达到以优带困, 以赛促学, 最后实现大部分学生取得不同层次进步的最终目的。
如何突出职业学校的英语教学的时代性、实践性, 尽快地走向良性发展的轨道, 是广大职业学校英语教师需要迫切解决的课题。常言道:学无定法, 教无定规。对中职类学生的英语教学来说, 兴趣培养、强化训练是提高英语听说读写能力水平的必要措施。教师应不断尝试多种形式的教学改革, 努力增强运用性和实践性, 切实提高学生的综合素质, 游刃有余运用所学知识投身于工作当中, 实现知识与技能的完美结合。
摘要：中职饭店服务与管理专业的学生生源质量不断下降, 酒店对学生的英语要求却不断提高。面对这种情况, 我们坚信, 只要会说中国话就会说英语。通过角色扮演教学法, 改变目前的教学困境。笔者提出有针对性的改革方案, 旨在改善传统的教学方式, 实现以技能学习为重点, 提高酒店专业学生应用英语的能力。
关键词 饭店英语;本科生;选修课;教学方法
中图分类号:H319.3 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1671-489X(2009)21-0034-02
A Brief Analysis of Teaching Methods of Hotel English as Undergraduates’ Optional Course of English Major//Li Xin
Abstract The teaching methods and relative researches of Hotel English of college English Majors have been paid much attention for years. But as an optional course for undergraduates of English, what kind of method we should use? And how to optimize the teaching resources and improve the teaching effects to make the course serve the students? It will discuss these questions from the features of Hotel English, knowledge and problems of undergraduates of English major, task-based and situational teaching methods in this paper.
Key words hotel English; undergraduates; optional course; teaching methods
Author’s address Langfang Teachers College, Langfang, Hebei, 065000, China
饭店英语是一门实用性强、内容灵活广泛、对口语及相关专业知识要求较高的专业英语课程,其内容包括宾馆英语和餐饮英语2部分。近年来,该课程除在高职高专英语专业以及旅游与酒店管理等专业开设外,在许多本科院校也作为选修课对学生开放。从选报情况可以看出,学生对饭店英语课程抱有极大的兴趣,希望学到相关的专业知识并锻炼口语技能,为将来的就业提供又一有力的技能保障。因此,如何更好地利用此课程的有限课时,最大程度满足学生的知识需求,成为摆在教师面前的一个问题。
1 饭店英语的内容特色
饭店英语教学大纲是各高校根据课程设置情况以及学生情况自行设定的,但主要教学目标一般包括:学生认知单词不得少于2 000个;具有较强的听说能力,能够运用正确的语音语调做相关情景会话;掌握饭店用语,比较熟练地表达所规定的语言功能项目;具有灵活运用所学知识处理突发事件的能力。
教学内容主要包括:情景会话(预订、接待、处理日常事务、受理客人投诉等);掌握相关专业名词、用语(如酒店各部门的名称、员工职务、不同类型房间的表达、一些常见菜品的英文名称等);了解酒店各个部门的职责、员工的服务范围、餐饮及礼仪文化、简单的管理方面知识以及应对突发事件的处理方法。
2 英语专业本科生的专业知识特点与面临的问题
英语专业本科生的词汇量一般是在8 000左右,而饭店英语作为专业选修课一般会在三四年级开设,因此不必担心学生词汇量的问题。而作为专业学生,在入学之初就受到过语音语调方面的强化训练,并有听说方面的相关课程开设,使得饭店英语中要求的情景会话部分对于他们来说是游刃有余的。在阅读、翻译、写作、语法等课程的全面培养下,可以说,三四年级的本科生拿来一本《饭店英语》的教材是完全可以自学的,那么开设这门课程的意义何在呢?教师在这门课程中究竟又扮演的是什么角色呢?
由于通常情况下,英语专业的课程设置主要局限在语言方面,尤其将重点放在“英语”上,学生其他方面的知识相对比较薄弱。而饭店英语虽然名为“英语”,却是一门集管理、公关、礼仪、语言于一身的课程。因此,教师在授课过程中,应该对以上方面的知识进行介绍。
另外,学生长期接受的教育模式通常是被动填鸭式的,这种方式恰恰不适用于饭店英语的课堂教学。教师既不能像文学课那样让学生博览群书后发表评论,也不能像翻译写作课那样用大量的联系提高学生的能力;既不能如精读课那样去剖析各个句子的成分,也不能像听说课那样反复练习。
因此,作为选修课的饭店英语为英语本科生提供了一个学习实践知识和相关专业技能的平台,在教师的引领之下进行训练,从而达到学以致用的目的,真正成为学好后用得着的一门课程。
3 任务教学法与情境教学法相结合
3.1 任务式教学法顾名思义就是以任务为前提,先向学生下达任务,再由学生带着完成的任务返回课堂。由于前期任务的下达,使学生对教学内容有所了解,从而更有效地利用课堂时间,达到较好的教学效果。饭店英语作为英语专业本科选修课,课时往往比较少,因此,任务教学法的应用在此尤为重要。只有充分调动学生课下的预习与复习,才能有助于他们课上的积极参与,为情境教学法做好准备。比如在讲授餐饮英语中“Table Setting”一课之前,让学生总结出中西方正餐中布置餐桌的方法及异同,在课上如果条件允许,可以让学生分组演示,至少可以在黑板上标示出各个餐具的摆放位置及顺序。
3.2 情境教学法情境教学法的运用在饭店英语的教学中,不但能提高教学质量,同时加强教学效果,使学生在轻松的氛围中掌握知识。教师可以通过各种方法来创设教学情境。
1)深挖教材内涵。教材只是薄薄的一小册,教师应当善于从中挖掘内涵。教师吃透教材是前提和基础,结合教学内容和目标,设置相应的情境。比如在讲中西餐特色菜品时,笔者先让学生列出他们喜欢吃的菜名以及他们认为比较著名的菜,再把一些他们不知道英语表达的菜名写到黑白上。之后演示事先准备好的图片:许多精美菜肴及英文名。学生在观看菜肴垂涎的同时也不忘把他们不知道的那些英文菜名记下来。整个过程学生完全是在主动学习,而非被动接受,大大提高课堂教学质量。
2)学生分组练习,教师转换角色。将学生划分成4至6人组成的小组,是饭店英语教学的又一特色。分小组不仅有利于学生课下预习、复习知识,练习情景会话,还能够起到互相监督、互相促进的作用。在学生的平时成绩中,小组表现占有一定的比重,促使他们能够更加积极地加入到小组的学习中来。
而教师也应一改往日“独霸”讲台的局面,转换角色,深入到学生之中,轮流进入到学生的小组。参与他们的编排、表演,使学生切实感受到老师就在他们身边,从而更加积极地投入。在“Concierge”一课,教师可以先不讲concierge的工作职能,而是通过自己作为concierge的表演使学生明白迎宾员的工作性质。
3.3 优化教学手段克服教学条件的限制,充分利用现有的教学资源特别是多媒体教学设备。利用课件、影像资料等加强教学情境的创设,以提高教学效果。
此外,教师应当具备“与时俱进”的思想,实时更新教学内容,只有这样才能对学生构成吸引,才能调动学生学习的积极性。如一幅迪拜帆船酒店的图片可以作为开启饭店英语课程的钥匙,让学生不仅对无与伦比的酒店、更对饭店英语这门课程心存向往。
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit One
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Concierge:
Lesson 1 Welcome to Our Hotel
Lesson 2 May I Show You to Your Room Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
1.2.3.4.Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the procedure of concierge
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）Have you ever stayed in a hotel ? How does the doorman/ hostess greet to you? 2 what jobs is the doorman responsible for? Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions.(1)How to greet the guest and offer the help ? Good morning(before noon)Good afternoon(noon –6 p.m.)Good evening(after 6 p.m.)Hello.May /Can I help you? What can I do for you ? How may I help you?(2)How to express your desire to make a reservation? I would like to reserve a room from….to …please
I’m going to reserve a suite from …to…, please?
I wonder if you could reserve me a single room with bath.Do you have a room free / available from …to …?(3)How to ask for the length of the stay?
How long would you like to stay? How long do you intend to stay? How long will you be staying? Could you tell me your arrival and departure dates? For what dates, please? When for, please?
(4)How to ask for the types of room?
What kind of room would you like, sir?(do you prefer)
What type of rooms would you like?
(5)How to ask for the number of members?
How many people are there in you group/ party?
How many members are there?
(6)How to ask for the method of payment?
How are you going to pay? How will you be settling the account, please?
How would you like to pay?
My company will cover all the expenses.You should pay a deposit of ＄1000 in advance.(7)How to ask and show the desire of revising a reservation?
How would you like to change it? I’ve come to revise the reservation.You mean you’ll cancel your previous reservation? I’d like to upgrade to a suite if one is available.（8）Ask for name, address and telephone number.May I …
Could you tell me your…?
3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Unit2.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Two
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Front Office:
Lesson 3 What kind of Room Would You Like
Lesson 4 Do You Have a Reservation?
Lesson 5 Your Total Is 588 Dollars Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
5.6.7.8.Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.Have you ever reserved a room ? tell us your experience.2.Do you know how many types of room there are in the hotel? Classified by decoration: standard room, business room, deluxe room
standard suite, deluxe suite, presidential suite Classified by bed :
single room, double room, twin room, triple room Classified by location: inside room, outside room, corner room，connection room, adjoining room 3.The teacher would invite some students to talk about the basic procedures of receiving room reservation.In the end, the teacher would summarize the students’ answers so as to give them a clearer and better understanding of the basic knowledge of reservation.● Greet the guest ● Ask about reservation information(1)Date of arrival and departure(length of stay)(2)Room types(3)Name, Address and Telephone number(4)The number of the members(5)Method of payment ● Confirm the reservation
Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions.(1)How to greet the guest and offer the help ? Good morning(before noon)Good afternoon(noon –6 p.m.)Good evening(after 6 p.m.)Hello.May /Can I help you? What can I do for you ? How may I help you?(2)How to express your desire to make a reservation? I would like to reserve a room from….to …please
I’m going to reserve a suite from …to…, please?
I wonder if you could reserve me a single room with bath.Do you have a room free / available from …to …?(3)How to ask for the length of the stay?
How long would you like to stay? How long do you intend to stay? How long will you be staying? Could you tell me your arrival and departure dates? For what dates, please? When for, please?
(4)How to ask for the types of room?
What kind of room would you like, sir?(do you prefer)
What type of rooms would you like?
(5)How to ask for the number of members?
How many people are there in you group/ party?
How many members are there?
(6)How to ask for the method of payment?
How are you going to pay? How will you be settling the account, please?
How would you like to pay?
My company will cover all the expenses.You should pay a deposit of ＄1000 in advance.(7)How to ask and show the desire of revising a reservation?
How would you like to change it? I’ve come to revise the reservation.You mean you’ll cancel your previous reservation? I’d like to upgrade to a suite if one is available.（8）Ask for name, address and telephone number.May I …
Could you tell me your…?
3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Unit3.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Three
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Housekeeping:
Lesson 6 May I Clean Your Room Now
Lesson 7 We’ll Send Someone to Repair It Right Now
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
9.Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.10.Use sentence patterns in working situations.11.Make situational dialogues fluently 12.Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）What are the basic procedures when do the cleaning? a.Knock the door or ring the bell, introduce yourself, express you are sorry to disturb，explain what you are going to do and wait for the response.b.If there is “Do Not Disturb” sign/button, go back in another time.c.If the guest say “sorry, but not now” after your request, you should ask the time when you could come back again.d.If you are going to get off, be sure to let the next clerk know(overnight/day)e.If the guest agreed your cleaning, you should do any work after asking the guest’s agreement.2.What are the exact jobs ?
Clean and wipe the floor or vacuum the carpet, tidy up the bathroom, change the toiletries, Make up bed, replace teacups, quilt mattress, bed sheet , bed spread, pillowcase/ pillowslip 3.What are procedures for repairing work? Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions.(1)How to introduce yourself?
Housekeeping，(2)How to express your sorry to disturb him /her? I’m sorry to disturb you.(3)How to show your desire to clean the room?
May I come in?
May I clean your room now?
May I tidy up these things on your bed?
(4)If you can’t clean right now, how to ask for the available time?
When do you want me to clean your room?
What time would you like us/me to clean your room?
What time?
What time are you available?
What time would it be convenient?
(5)How to show you’ll tell the next clerk?
Ok, I’ll tell the next clerk/ maid
Ok, I’ll let the overnight /day staff known.(6)How to show something wrong with the facilities?
There is something wrong with…
The faucet is leaking in my room.The water tap can’t be turned off completely.It drips all night long and I can hardly sleep.The toilet doesn’t flush.It’s clogged.The TV picture is wobbly(不稳定)occasionally.… doesn’t work.(7)How to show your apology?
I’m sorry, we’ll send someone/the repairman to repair it right now.Sorry for the trouble
We do apologize for that.3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Lesson8and9
Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Three
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Housekeeping:
Lesson 8 I’ll Pick Up Your Laundry Right Now
Lesson 9 Business Floor Service
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.2 Use sentence patterns in working situations.3 Make situational dialogues fluently 4 Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.What are the basic procedures of laundry service? a.If the guest asks something about laundry, the clerk should introduce the service for him or her.Tell him/ her how to do b.laundryman/valet collect the laundry.Knock the door, introduce yourself , ask the guest if there is any laundry.Put the laundry in the laundry bag, and fill in the laundry list/form /slip, then collect it.Or ask the guest’s requirement orally and write down.2.How to introduce the laundry service in a hotel?
We have laundry service.We collect the laundry every morning.You may just put your laundry in the laundry bag and fill out that laundry list.3.How to deal with the damage laundry ?
What if there is any laundry damage?
Please relax.If so, the hotel should certainly pay for it.The indemnity shall not exceed ten times laundry You may buy a replacement and we’ll refund(偿还)the cost to you.We’ll refund the cost of the laundry and the new sweater.4.What are the exact jobs of business floor service(商务楼层服务)Book tickets for the guest , introduce room facilities, help the guest with what they need Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions.(1)How to introduce yourself?
Laundry service ，(2)How to express your sorry to disturb him /her? I’m sorry to disturb you.(3)How to show your desire to collect the laundry?
Laundry service.May I help you?
Have you(got)any laundry?
(4)How to show the guest’s requirements?
I’d like to have my pants cleaned.I want to have my clothes dry-cleaned/washed
I’d like to have my clothes ironed./mended
I’d like thes sweater washed by hand in cold water.It might shrink otherwise.This shirt needs to be washed, starched and pressed/ironed.(5).How to ask for the time to pick up the laundry?
When would you like it back?
What time would you like your laundry back?
How soon will it be done?
How soon can the clothes be got back?
We will deliver them around 5:00 p.m.tomorrow.(6)about laundry damage.What if there is any laundry damage?
Please relax.If so, the hotel should certainly pay for it.The indemnity shall not exceed ten times laundry
(7)about express laundry service
We have express laundry service.If you are in a hurry, we have a two-hour quick service
We will deliver it within 4 hours at a 50% extra charge.(8)ask for the price.What are your charges?怎么收费呢
(9)About business floor service
How many tickets for what time?
When should I send the flowers?
We have several function rooms for you to choose
3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Lesson10,11.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Four
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Operator:
Lesson 10 This is Your Wake-up Call
Lesson 11 You May Call Directly from Your Room
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）2 3 4 Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.Do you usually get up early or late? If late, how do you make yourself be on time/punctual?
Set the alarm/ place a morning call, let your classmate who gets up early wake you up , or wait for your teacher’s coming and get a good lesson.Ok, let’s look at how does guest staying at the hotel do?
Don’t worry if you are the guest because there is a service called wake-up service in the hotel 2.Where does the guest telephone if he/she wants a wake-up service? Operator/ General Switchboard(总机)3.What is the operator responsible for? Set wake-up call/ place a morning call
Put the guest through to the extension(number).(but usually the extension number is confidential保密)
Call for the guest
Take a message for the guest Paging a guest(呼叫)
Receive complaints or to send somebody to repair facilities
4.Wake-up Service(唤醒服务): Wake-up service by operator Wake-up service by computer Wake-up service by knocking at the door
If you’d like to be waken up , you can telephone the operator and tell him/her your wake-up time.They will make a call or knock at the door to wake you up.Or you can also set the computer to wake you up.Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions(1)After picking up the phone, the operator may say _______?
Good morning.Operator.May I help you?(2)How to express you’d like a wake-up service?
Hello.This is Kate Smith from/in room 1516.I’d like a wake-up call at 6:30 tomorrow morning, please.I’d like to place a morning call..Hello.I’d like you to wake me up at 6:00a.m.My train/ flight leaves at seven, so I have to get up early.(3)Ask the wake-up time
When would you like us to wake you up?
(4)How may the operator say after your requirement?
Ok, sir/ma’am.We’ll call you at 6:00 tomorrow morning.We’ll send someone to knock at the door at 6:00 tomorrow morning.(5)When computer service/ Computer Automatic Wake-up System the operator may say:
We have computer wake-up service.Please dial 5 first and then 0600 for the time.There must be five digits.Our computer will record the time and our room number.Please dial 3 first, and then the time for 5:30.Be sure there are 5 digits in the final number.(6)After the guest’s thanks the operator may say:________
My pleasure/ you’re welcome, have a nice sleep.(7)How will say to the operator when you want to be put through to a certain number?
Put sb through to ….Could you / can you ….Could you /can you put me through to Mr Chen in room 4321?
(8)Ok, one moment please.I’ll put you through
I’m sorry, nobody answers/ answered.May I take a message for you?
Would you like to leave a message(to him)?
※ Make a call from the hotel to other places:
Telephone in hotel can be divided into the following:
DDD(domestic direct dialing/dial)
国内直拨电话
IDD(international direct dialing/dial)国内直拨电话
IP calling card
IP 长途电话卡
Long-distance call
长途电话
Local call/ city call
市话
Call through operator/ operator call
由总机转接的电话
Outside call
酒店外线电话
Area code
地区号码
House phone(call)/ in-house call
内线电话
Pay call
自己付费电话
Collect call
对方付费电话
（9）How would you say when you want to make a call from the hotel?
I want to / would like to place a call to….(America)?(10)How about the charge?
What’s the charge ?(for a local call)
What are your charges?
Is there any special rate for …?
(11)You may call directly from your room.You may use a IP calling card to make a long-distance call.I’ll ring back as soon as I get through.I’ll give you the charges when you finish the call.您打完电话我会告诉您本次通话的费用。
3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Lesson12.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Four
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Operator:
Lesson 12 Would You Like to Leave a Message
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
a)b)c)d)Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.Review the jobs that the operator is responsible for : Set wake-up call/ place a morning call
Put the guest through to the extension(number).(but usually the extension number is confidential保密)
Call for the guest
Take a message for the guest
Paging a guest(呼叫)
Receive complaints or to send somebody to repair facilities
2.When we make the in-house call, often come across the situation that the person is not in the room, what will you do under such circumstance?
Call back later/ change another time.Or leave a message to the operator or on the phone.Go to his place in person?(not the westerner’s habit)3 What will say to the operator?
Firstly introduce you’ve called the person , but he is not in.and you want to leave a message to him/her.Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Answer questions(1)What will you say to the operator?
I’ve called Mr White in room 1221, but he is not in at the moment.May I leave a message on the phone?
Would you like to leave a message(to/for him)?
I’d like to speak to Mr John Smith in room 1202, please put me through./
What should I do?(2)The operator may say______ when you want to leave a message on the phone.We can make a recording for you.Please hold on and leave your message when you hear the beep.(嘟嘟声，哔哔声)Mr White will get your message when he returns.(3)The operator may say___________ when you want to be put through.Wait a moment ,please.Ok you’re through/ It’s through.Sorry, Sir.There is no answer./ I’m sorry nobody answers.Maybe he is out , would you like to leave a message?
(4)How to express the message you’d like to leave?
Please tell him that a Mr John has called him.My number is….(5)The operator may reply ___________after your message.I’ll pass the message/ it to him as soon as he is back.(6)The operator will explain how to make the telephone when you are not clear.If you want to/ would like to make ….Call, please dial…..and then…..If you want to make a room-to-room call, please dial “9” first and then the room number.※ Make a call from the hotel to other places:
Telephone in hotel can be divided into the following:
DDD(domestic direct dialing/dial)
国内直拨电话
IDD(international direct dialing/dial)国内直拨电话
IP calling card
IP 长途电话卡
Long-distance call
长途电话
Local call/ city call
市话
Call through operator/ operator call
由总机转接的电话
Outside call
Area code
地区号码
House phone(call)/ in-house call
内线电话
Pay call
自己付费电话
Collect call
对方付费电话
3． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Lesson13.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Five
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Food ＆Beverage:
Lesson 13 The Order Will Be Sent to Your Room in a Few Minutes
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
e)f)g)h)Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.Sometimes, we have a very limited or tired time.we don’t want to go out of the room to do anything including having meal.In such circumstance, you can choose in-room service of the hotel.There are doorknob menu for breakfast in almost all the hotels, which bring the guests convenience.2 Do you know this?
On the doorknob menu, there are continental, American, Chinese, Japnese breakfasts and so on.3 What are the working procedures for a clerk to offer in-room service?
Greetings, offer help, ask guest’s special requirement, record room number and name.4 What will the guest say to the staff?
Firstly express your desire, and then room number and name.Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Teacher explains the situation and the students speak out the sentences about the dialogue.Teacher explains the important language points during the process above
3.Useful Expressions
(1)How to greet to the guest?
Good morning, Room Service.May I help you?
(2)How to express the thought you’d like to eat in room?
Good morning, I’d like to have breakfast in my room.(3)Ask for the room number and name.What’s your room number, please?
May I have your room number and your name please?(4)Ask for the kind of the breakfast.What kind of breakfast would you like?(5)Supply the choice
Continental, Chinese, American or Japanese breakfast?(6)How to express the action the hotel will offer the service right now?
OK.The order will be sent to your room in a few minutes.(7)We may also use the sentences in our work.Anything else?
Would you like anything else?
Anything else I can do/ get for you ?
Sir, here is your room service.No problem, I can have that ready for you in 15 minutes.OK, we’ll send it right up.How would you like your coffee, with sugar or milk, Ma’am? 4． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
1.Finish Exercise Four Reading Comprehension.2.Preview Lesson14.Ⅶ Teaching Postscript(教学后记)
《旅游饭店职业英语》初级教案
时间:_______ 班级:_______ 授课教师: ______
Unit Five
Ⅰ Content of the Course（教学内容）
Food ＆Beverage:
Lesson 14 Are you Ready to Order Now
Ⅱ Teaching Span（教学时间）
2学时
Ⅲ Teaching Objectives（教学目的）
i)j)k)l)Grasp the sentence patterns in the lesson.Use sentence patterns in working situations.Make situational dialogues fluently Grasp the working procedures
Ⅳ Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点与难点)
Teaching focuses:
Grasp the sentence patterns.Practice situational dialogues
Teaching difficulties:
Make situational dialogues with the sentence patterns
Ⅴ Instruction Objectives &.Teaching Procedures（教学任务及步骤）
Step One Lead-in（宜慢）
1.What are the working procedures when the waiter/waitress takes an order ? Greet firstly, ask if he / she have made a reservation before, ask the guest’s requirement, arrange a suitable table for the guest, lead the guest to the table 2.What should a waiter/ waitress pay attention to when taking an order? Polite behaviors and expressions, try the best to meet the guest’s needs, ask if there is any one who has a special request for the dish.Step Two New content Dialogues（宜慢）
1.Read the new words and the patterns after teacher first and then by themselves 2.Teacher explains the situation and the students speak out the sentences about the dialogue.Teacher explains the important language points during the process above
3.Useful Expressions Guests’ requirement
Do you have a table for two?
Can we sit by the window? I’d like to have a view of the street.Do you have a table for eight available now? Receiving Guest Have you got a reservation? How many people are there in your party? Would you come this way please? Will this table be all right? Taking an Order Excuse me, are you ready to order now? May I take your order now? Do You Know This? We should make sure whether the guests have made a reservation before they are led to a table 4． Read the dialogues in groups and then role-play.Supplementary Reading（宜快）
Read the passage quickly and then repeat the general ideas.Step Three Exercises（宜慢）
1.Listen to the tape and finish the Exercise one to three
Ⅵ Assignments（作业）
旅游专业英语教学超常规分层次改革探索及对策研究-以饭店英语教学为例
文章介绍了国外ESP教学理论的发展特点,分析了国内旅游院校专业英语教学中存在的一些突出问题,包括教学目标、师资、教材、教学质量、教学手段等.通过研究国内外行业发展特点与当前形势,以饭店英语教学为例,分别从学生、教师、饭店三方讨论了专业英语教学分层次改革的可能性和趋势性.提出并分析了饭店专业英语教学课程改革的策略及应相应运用的教学模式.以期拓展新的.教学模式,提高专业英语教学质量及效果和学生的实际饭店工作能力和专业语言交际能力,跟上国际国内饭店业飞速发展的步伐.
作 者：武平柳文娟 黄晨 陈珍珍 柯淑萍 作者单位：浙江旅游职业学院,浙江杭州,311231刊 名：当代经济英文刊名：CONTEMPORARY ECONOMICS年，卷(期)：“”(12)分类号：H3关键词：专业英语教学 分层次教学 多元化动机教育
In my opinion, teachers have more influence on students, because it is teachers who have the knowledge, which plays an important part in personal development of students. For example, Socrates uses questioning and his dialectic way of thinking to inspire his students to think independently. It is hard to imagine the achievement of Plato would be like if Socrates were a mere snob who braggers about the abundant knowledge he possesses rather than enlighten Plato’s critical thinking aptitude. On the other hand, the classmates of the same age cannot offer better understanding of the world to one and another, and therefore, it is impossible to replace teachers’ function in the pass-on of knowledge.
关键词：“学生为主体”原则,课程教学,《饭店英语》
高职院校的饭店英语教学现状难以令人满意, 除了学生自身素质的客观因素外, 饭店英语教学本身也存在着不少问题。如何提高高职饭店英语教学效果, 是我们一直在探索的问题。针对饭店英语具有很强的专业性、应用性等特点, 在多年一线教学的基础上, 我们总结出一套能够有效提高学生饭店英语学习效果的教学模式——按需施教, “以学生为主体”的教学模式。
一、从职业岗位需要选取教材, 组织教学内容
传统的高职教育是以学校教育为主的封闭办学模式, 很少问及社会需要, 显现出不适应市场需要的特点, 以至于学生毕业后不能将所学知识应用于工作岗位中去。因此我们认为, 教材选用上应遵循职业岗位需要, 以适应学生就业需要。
我们选取了《饭店服务英语》教材。该教材按饭店岗位不同, 将饭店服务英语分为前台服务英语、客房服务英语、餐厅服务英语、其他部门服务英语四大部分, 与实际岗位相对应, 据我们对已就业学生及用人单位的调查得知, 该教材教学内容在实际工作中很实用。
二、多种教学方法与手段相结合, 互相取长补短
传统的课堂教学模式主要是教师讲、学生听的单向灌输型, 这种教学模式, 忽视了学生的主体作用, 也背离了教学相长的基本规律, 所以教学效果不佳。高职饭店英语教学要探索和尝试多种教学方法与手段, 互相取长补短。既发挥教师的主导性, 又充分发挥学生主体的积极性和能动性, 达到教学相长的效果。
1.情景教学法
情景教学法是英语教学中非常有效的教学方法。它指的是教师用语言、教具及各种教辅设备, 为学生营造一个融视、听、说于一体的语言环境, 使学生有如身临其境, 有利于调动他们的非智力因素, 加深对学习对象、课文内容的理解, 完成对知识的掌握。在教学中, 我们利用多媒体课件, 把具体而形象的内容展示在学生面前, 让学生去观察、去思考、去体验、去讨论、去感受、去完善, 这种有声有色、生动有趣的课堂既能使学生情绪高涨, 主动参与学习, 丰富学生的想象力, 增强学生的记忆效果, 从而实现教学目标, 提高教学质量。
在实际教学过程中, 我们除了制作多媒体课件、充分利用网上资源尤其音频、视频资料创建情景外, 还经常组织学生分组进行饭店情景模拟对话, 对每个情景每人至少要与五人进行现场对话, 互换角色表演, 不仅使学生习惯于英式思维, 直接脱口说英语而不是想好汉语翻译出来背下来再说, 而且使学生在不断变换身份中自然掌握客人与服务人员之间的常用对话, 同时还锻炼了学生的听力及应变能力。老师根据学生的表现表扬优点、指出缺点加以改正。既使他们深刻理解记忆特定情境中不同身份的人际交流用语, 又加强了学生间的相互合作, 并且使学生在角色扮演中端正服务态度、注意身体语言, 提高服务质量。
2.任务驱动法
“任务驱动”教学法最根本的特点就是“以任务为主线、教师为主导、学生为主体”, 改变了以往“教师讲, 学生听”, 以教定学的被动教学模式, 创造了以学定教、学生主动参与、自主协作、探索创新的新型学习模式。通过实践发现“任务驱动”法有利于激发学生的学习兴趣, 培养学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力, 提高学生自主学习及与他人协作的能力。
3.因材施教法
高职学生英语水平参差不齐, 很多学生甚至连音标也不会读。要求所有人按同一种方式、同一个进度进行学习, 显然不妥。在实际教学中, 要注意观察每一个学生, 注重感情输入, 并根据不同教学内容, 不同学生实际采用不同教学方式, 才能使学生兴趣浓厚, 从而激发每位学生的学习积极性, 使他们都能得到语言技能的训练, 最终实现素质教育全体性、全面性的要求。我们还经常将不同口语水平的学生分到一组, 提倡水平高的同学主动带水平低的同学一起练习对话。
4.成果展示法
即通过一个阶段的学习, 给学生一个展示成果的舞台。让他们充分表现自己, 检验自己本阶段的学习成果。得到充分肯定后, 他们会更加自信, 并且更加主动学习。
我们在一个学期结束前, 会组织一次大规模的饭店服务英语大赛, 所有学生都要参与。学生自愿组团, 先在每个班里初赛, 每班选出一两个优胜组参加整个系里的大赛。学生参与积极性非常高, 排练也非常认真。通过大赛, 学生们可以自如地将学过的知识运用到实践中去, 强化了他们的饭店英语应用能力。
在教学手段上, 要大力提倡和培训教师运用现代科技条件, 一是构建多媒体网络语言教学实验室, 充分利用计算机多媒体和网络技术, 整合丰富的多媒体外语学习资源, 提供传统语言视听教室无法达到的功能, 实现教学内容的丰富性、多媒体课件教学、示范教学, 提供英语虚拟环境、作品影像以及背景资料, 产生因材施教、师生互动、动态学习、群组交流等特色教学, 使课堂教学更具有形象性、现场感和生活化, 大大拓展课堂教学的信息量, 激发学生的学习兴趣。二是建构教学网络系统, 组建外语教学校园网站, 由语言教学实验室、多媒体教室、教师办公室、学生寝室等联网参与, 开设学校日志、英语新闻、英语教学、英语试题、在线答疑、接触频道、动感地带等栏目。还可以与国内外各高校、网站建立友情连接, 互通有无, 互相促进。把外语教学校园网站建设成为一个网上外语教学基地, 使之成为师生之间、学生之间相互交流的平台, 组织各种教学活动的中心和英语信息中心。
三、重视文化语境在饭店英语教学中的作用
学习一门外语, 光掌握发音、词汇、语法等是不够的, 还应该学习外国人的生活习俗、思维模式等。由于语言所具有的作为文化的表现与承载形式的特征, 不了解某种文化也就无法真正学好该种语言。掌握了该语言的文化, 不仅有助于更好地理解该语种, 还有助于实际的交际行为、正确的称呼和礼节。注重相互间的习惯、习俗甚至是小小的表情, 都会使人们的交际非常轻松、愉快。在实际的教学活动中, 不难发现学生通常在说英语时, 先从汉语的角度思考如何表达, 所以最终表达的就是地道的“中国式英语”。从这个角度讲, 文化对外语学习起了干扰的作用。
【关键词】旅游饭店英语理实一体化
【中图分类号】G42 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】2095-3089（2014）3-0124-02
《旅游饭店英语》是旅游与酒店管理专业的专业必修课,该课程的教学目的是让学生掌握专业旅行社与酒店英语,能熟练掌握基本服务用语。时代在快速发展,服务行业也在不断地发展变化,从近年来的人才调研情况反映来看,企业要求从业人员不仅需要具备过硬的专业技术水平,还需具备较强的英语交际能力,特别是专业英语。因此在教学改革中,我们要创设条件,把理论与实践,英语与技能相结合,在语言学习中学习专业知识,在专业技能学习中运用语言。
当前英语新课程标准强调以学生为本，突出教学方式的变革，这就对提高课堂教学的有效性方面提出了要求。作为英语教师,更会值得思考:为什么教师教得很辛苦,学生也学得很辛苦,但实际效果并不理想?经过几个学期的教学实践，我认为通过以下途径可以实现理实一体化教学，提高职高英语课堂教学的有效性。
一、建立融洽的师生关系,创建有效的学习氛围
融洽的师生关系有助于创造和谐的课堂气氛,这需要教师在主观上做积极的努力。教师要了解学生的心理特点,关心他们的学习、身心健康,体谅他们学习英语的难处,尊重学生的思想,善于激励他们。
二、以学生为本，设计合理的教学目标
教学目标对整个教学活动具有很强的引领性和规定性，教学目标是教学活动的出发点和落脚点。明确目标，增强目标意识，这需要吃透教材，吃透学生，从学生实际出发，以培养学生的自主学习能力为目标；以调动和挖掘学生内在的学习潜能为目标；以培养学生的创新意识和创新能力为目标；以学习专业知识知识、培养职业素养为目标。只有设计合理的教学目标，也就提高了课堂教学的有效性。例如在讲酒店退房这一单元时，我的教学目标就是教会学生如何正确应对酒店退房过程中所遇到的各种情况，在教学设计中不断地设计一些场景，和学生共同解决，从而使学生明确本单元的知识目标，进而更好地掌握知识及技能。
三、激发学生的学习兴趣,发掘有效的主动学习
要使学生产生学习动力,光讲大道理、明确学习目的是不够的。兴趣是激发学生积极主动探索知识的内部动力,是学生积极认识事物、积极参与活动的一种心理倾向,兴趣越浓,学生学习的积极性越高,掌握知识就越快。所以在教学中，要想提高课堂教学的有效性就一定要充满激情，满腔热情。创造良好的语言学习环境，主要是激发学生兴趣和教师的上课激情。
在教学过程中，我一般采取的是小组合作教学，即把全班同学分成5个小组，每节课由一组来承担值日任务，她们需要课前的预习准备、板书设计及书写、课前3分钟场景模拟练习；课上负责领读单词、结对子同學读对话并翻译。在新课教学中不断提出问题，各小组回答并进行评比，这些问题由浅入深，达到分层教学的目的。小组的组长每轮都换，让每位学生在一学期内至少担任三次组长。这样既锻炼了学生的组织能力，也提高了她们的表达能力，同时能真正地把课堂还给学生。
要让学生学得好,学得生动有趣,作为教师,就必须充分挖掘教材的趣味因素,让学生对课堂感兴趣,学生一旦对英语感兴趣,就会乐于接受它,变"苦学"为"乐学"。外语教学的成败在很大程度上取决于教师是否能在课堂上保持一种生动活泼的教学气氛。只有生动,才能吸引学生的注意力;只有活泼,才符合学生的心理特点,使他们感受到学习的乐趣。因此，要充分利用各种教学资源及多媒体设备，让学生摆脱枯燥的学习，积极参与到课堂教学的各个环节，营造一个轻松愉快的学习环境，这样学生才有学习的主观能动性。例如我把学生们每节课做的情境模拟都录制下来，让她们自己欣赏，找出优点和不足之处，也可以用作今后其他年级的教学。这样，既能最大程度的调动学生的学习积极性，又能培养他们不断进取的精神。
四、把握学情，设计教学，保证有效的知识掌握
教学活动的最终目标是有效促进学生的发展。那么,我们就不能按照自己"教"的思路进行教学,而应按照学生"学"的规律进行教学。即:学生"应该怎样学",我们就"应该怎样教"。要时刻把握学生的学习情况，有针对性的设计教学内容，讲课时使用通俗易懂的语言，这对于提高课堂教学的有效性也大有帮助。
在这一方面，我在日常教学过程中会安排程度不同的学生在进行情景交际是扮演不同的角色，尽量发挥每位学生的长处，彻底克服自卑心理，在潜移默化中提高他们的英语表达能力。在期末综合评定过程中，结合学生自身的基础情况，分层次进行考试，只要是在我预定的范围内有所进步的孩子，都会给与一定的鼓励，这样，他们就不再害怕考试，往往会取得非常好的成绩。
五、转变教师的教学理念,提高有效的能力发展
要提高课堂教学的有效性,教师必须转变教育教学观念、创新教育教学模式,从有效推动和促进学生主体性实践活动入手,培养学生自主发展能力,以造就具有创新精神和实践能力的、个性品质得到和谐发展的、德育智育潜能得到有效激发的、符合素质发展要求的高素质人才。
新课程标准要求下的课堂教学实践要体现学生的主体性。让学生自主实践、自我发展,提出问题,在教师引领下解决问题;提倡课堂的民主性,充分地尊重学生,教师成为课堂学习的参与者、指导者;提倡教学的开放性,开放教学形式,开放教学场地,尤其是开放学生的活动与思维空间,开放对学生的素质培养的思路,开发学生的多元智能,关注学生的全面发展;提倡教学的综合性,注重培养学生学习、生活等方面的综合能力;注意课堂教学的生成性,在培养学生情感、态度、价值观等方面予以高度的关注。
针对这一点，我在课堂教学中采取以学生为主导的教学方法，由他们进行对话的练习及深化，教师在授课过程中要与学生进行互动学习，并引导学生之间进行互动交流，使师生双方都成为课堂的参与者。
总之,理实一体化课堂改革是一种理念,更是一种价值追求、一种教学实践模式,在今后的课堂教学中,将会引起我们更多的思考、更多的关注。我们要踏踏实实地研究,从学生实际出发,从素质教育的目标出发,合理运用控制论的原理,使我们的课堂教学建立在有效的基础上。
