高考英语之名词性从句（精选4篇）
名词性从句是高考英语中非常重要的部分，它能使得英语的句子长度加长，内容丰富且句型多样。高中阶段的英语学习基本涉及了所有的名词性从句常用句法，因此高考也在各种题型中考查同学们对此项语法的掌握。同学们除了应具有基本的语法知识，如能分析句中的主、谓、宾等基本成份，更重要的应该培养一定的逻辑分析能力，能够正确判断出句与句之间的主、次关系及语意关联；能够分析得出主、从句（可以根据连接词的位臵），通过对题意的正确理解判断使用何种连接词。同时注意句中的语序，时态及主谓一致问题。考点1 主语从句
引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类： 连接词that，whether；
连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等； 连接副词when，where，why，how等。1．连接词that，whether引导
①That the college will take in more new students this year is true． 今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。
②Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance． 他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。【注】(1)if不能引导主语从句。
(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：
A．It+系动词+形容词+that从句。如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure． 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。B．It+系动词+名词+that从句。如：
It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace． 我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。C．It+be+v．ed形式+that从句。如：
It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out． 据宣布计划已经顺利实施。2．连接代词引导
①What we can’t get seems better than what we already have． 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。②who the letter was from is still unknown． 这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。
③Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize． 你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3．连接副词引导
①How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear． 针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。
②why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery． 恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。考点2 宾语从句
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类： 连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。1．连接词that，whether，if引导
①I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help． 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
②I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years． 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
【注】whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：
Let me know whether or not you can come． 请让我知道你是否能来。(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：
We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting． 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2．连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等如：
①She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class． 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
②I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind． 我想到什么就说什么。
3.连接副词引导when，where，why，how等 ①Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗? ②I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting． 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。4．宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：
①He asked me when we could set out the next day． 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。②Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗? 5．宾语从句的时态
(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。①She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday． 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)②she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk． 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)③She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei． 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：
①He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon． 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)②He said that he was going to take care of the baby． 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)③He said that they were having a meeting at that time． 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。如：
①The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it． 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。②He said that light travels much faster than sound． 他说光比声音传播得快。
【注】在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后臵。如：
①I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day． 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。②I have made it a rule that I keep diaries． 我每天写日记成了惯例。
(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后臵。如：
①I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food． 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。②When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral． 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位臵。(3)介词后的宾语从句。如：
①She is always thinking of how she can do more for others． 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club． 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
①I don’t think I know you．我想我并不认识你。②I don’t believe he will come．我相信他不回来。考点
3、表语从句
常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。1．连接词引导
①The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed.他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
②The question remains whether they will be able to help us． 问题还是他们能否帮我们。2．连接代词和连接副词引导
①The problem is who will take charge of this shop． 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
②That is when I realized the importance of journalism． 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
【注】(1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：
①It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door． 听上去好像有人在敲门。
②At that time，it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word． 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
(2)当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason why…is that…。如：
The reason why he came late was that he got up late．他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
考点4 同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。
1．通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：
①They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again． 他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。②I have no idea that she quit her present job． 我不知道她辞掉了现在的工作。
③Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening． 答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。
2．同位语从句还可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。如：
①The student asked me the question whether the book was worth reading． 学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。
②I have no idea why he was excited at that time．我不知道当时他激动的原因。
．
考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项
1．that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
They share little in common except that they are from the same country． 除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。
(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他的不省略。如：
I believe(that)you’ve done your best and that things will improve． 我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况也会得到改善。
2．that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是”什么，……的事情”。如： ①The hope that he may recover is not gone yet． 他会康复的希望没有消失。②What he said proved to be true． 他所说的话证明是正确的。
3．定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如： ①The news that our team has won the game was true． 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。②The news that he told me yesterday was true． 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
③I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich． 我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。
④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children． 妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。
十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编----名词性从句
1（2011北京卷22）________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which
B what
C.That
D.Whom 2（2011北京卷31）The shocking news mad me realize _____terrible problems we would face.A.what
B.how
C.that
D.why
3（2011上海卷31）There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A.what
B.if
C.how
D.that
4（2011上海卷38）The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.A.why
B.that
C.which
D.what 5（2011山东卷26）I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A.that
B.when
C.where
D.why
6（2011山东卷33）We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.A.where
B.what
C.whether
D.which 7（2011江西卷26）The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.A.this
B.that
C.what
D.which 8（2011江苏卷26）It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.A.that
B.how
C.when
D.why
9（2011安徽卷33）His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.A.that
B.how
C.who
D.what
10（2011四川卷10）Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why
B.how
C.what
D.which 11（2011辽宁卷23）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ___to read first.A.what
B.who
C.how
D.why
12（2011辽宁卷32）When the news came_________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.A.since
B.which
C.that
D.because 13（2011天津卷13）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where 14（2011陕西卷15）I’d like to start my own business–that’s ____ I’d do if I had the money.A.why
B.when
C.which
D.what 15（2011重庆卷22）It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether
B.when
C.which
关键词：高考,名词性从句,复习,解题
语法是英语学习的基础 , 美国著名语言学家Leonard Bloomfield教授曾说:不掌握语法, 你对英语的学习将无法深入。名词性从句在每一年的高考单选题中都会出现, 因此, 在高考专项复习时, 名词性从句是一个重点。
一、牢记从句概念, 明白从句用途
一个从句在一个复合句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语, 相当于名词, 称为名词性从句。它可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句如:
(2011北京22) What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is hon- esty and happiness.
(2012全国24) It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike. (it形式主语)
宾语从句一般在及物动词和介词的后面, 如:
(2012四川17) Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
(2011上海38) The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually under- stand.
表语从句如:
(2011山东26) I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.
同位语从句一般在一个名词后面, 说明名词的具体内容, 如:
(2012江苏27) The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. (同位语从句修饰notice)
二、掌握连接词用法, 熟悉考试重点
连接词在各个名词性从句中的用法都是一样的, 下面简单介绍:
What/whatever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 , 指物。
That在名词性从句中不作成分 , 从句句子结构完整 , 意思也完整。在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中, that不可以省略;在宾语从句中, that可以省略, 如果有两个并列的宾语从句, 那么第一个宾语从句的that可以省略, 第二个宾语从句的that不可以省略。
Who/whoever在名词性句子中作主语 , 有时候也用作宾语, 指人。
Whom/whomever在名词性句子中只作宾语, 指人。
Which/whichever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、定语 , 既指人又指物, 指在一定的范围内。
When表时间, where表地点, why表原因, how表方式。
Whether或if翻译为“是否” (区别:whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句, 后面可以接to do或or not, 引导的从句作介词的宾语) 。
如:
Whoever comes first will receive a gift. (whoever引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语)
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. (it形式主语 , that引导主语从句)
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face. (what引导宾语从句, 在从句中作定语)
He hasn’t made it known when he is going to get married. (it形式宾语, when引导宾语从句, 在从句中作时间状语)
He could not express what he felt. (what引导宾语从句, 在从句中作宾语)
There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. (that引导同位语从句)
China is no longer what she used to be. (what引导表语从句, 在从句中作表语)
As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best. (whichever引导宾语从句, 在从句中作主语)
三、分析句子成分, 确保考试得分
下面我们来看十道典型例题, 看看怎么做有关名词性从句的单选题目。
①【2012浙江】4.I made a promise to myself __________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
A.whether B.what C.that D.how
这道题目中有一个名词promise诺言, 后面的句子是它的内容, 是同位语从句, 句子完整, 意思也完整, 所以答案选C。
②【2012福建】35.We promise________attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever
这道题目的promise是一个动词, 它的结构式promise sb. sth., 接双宾语 , __________ attends the party是宾语从句 , 少了主语 , 指人, 翻译为“任何参加晚会的人”, 所以答案选C。
另有一道题, 跟这道题差不多:We should make what we read is useful.make后接宾语和宾补 , what we read就是宾语从句, what在从句中作read的宾语。
③【2012湖南】26.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter _____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A.why B.how C.whether D.when
It是形式主语, 后面才是主语从句, 句子结构完整, 意思不完整, 翻译为“不管你在这里住的时间短还是长”, 所以答案选C。
④【2012辽宁】34.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain.
A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever
这道题中的for是一个介词, 后面是一个宾语从句, 在从句中find后面少了宾语, 指物, 所以答案选C。
⑤The travelers got to _________ was once an old temple that the workers used as a store.
A.what B.where C.that D.which
这道题很多学生会根据翻译“旅行者到达了某个地方”而选B, 其实这道题目got to后面是作宾语, 是宾语从句, was前面少了主语, 指物, 正确答案选A。
⑥If my memory serves me right, he returned home after % % seemed to be 3 days.
A.all B.that C.what D.it
这道题很多学生会选D, 其实after在这里是一个介词, after ____________ seemed to be 3 days翻译为“三天后”, _________ seemed to be 3 days是一个宾语从句, 前面少了主语, 指物, 所以答案选C。
⑦Energy is _________ makes things work.
A.what B.which C.something D.that
这道题很多学生会选C, 翻译为“能源是一种物质, 可以让其他事物工作”。可以这样分析, is后面是一个表语从句, 从句中makes前面少了主语, 指物, 所以答案选A。如果把C的选项改为something that, 也是正确的。That引导一个定语从句, 修饰something, 在定语从句中that作主语。
⑧__________ is known to us all, Diaoyu Island is part of China.
A.As B.What C.That D.It
这道题主要考查以下三个结构:①As is known to us all, as引导定语从句。②It is known to us all that, it为形式主语, that引导主语从句。③What is known to us all is that, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语, that引导表语从句, 在句中不作成分。根据上面的解释, 应该选A。
⑨It is a subject about %% they have argued for a long time.
A.whether B.what C.which D.that
这道题很多学生会选B, 他们认为about是介词, 后面是宾语从句, 从句中argued后面少了宾语。其实这道题关键在argue的用法, argue with sb.about sth., argue是不及物动词, 所以不能选B, 正确答案选C。这道题是定语从句, 先行词是subject, about which是介词加关系代词。
⑩———What’s made Tommy so upset?
———______ the game.It shocked him so much.
A.For losing B.Because of losing C.Lost D.That he lost
这道题很多学生觉得无从下手, 其实这道题的解题关键就是问什么, 答什么。What是对主语的提问, 也就是说回答的是主语, 也就是主语从句, 所以答案选D。That引导主语从句, 句子写完整就是:That he lost the game has made Tommy so up- set.
只要我们牢记名词性从句的概念, 掌握连接词的用法, 懂得分析句子成分, 就可以完全掌握名词性从句。
参考文献
[1]张道真.张道真实用英语语法.北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2002, 5.
[2]郭凤高.英语语法实践指南 (第二版) .上海:复旦大学出版社, 2001, 11.
一．Choose the best answer.1．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most.A.which D.that
B.who
C.where
2．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made.A.in where D.of which
B.in which
C.from which
3．The very thing _____ brought about a complete change in her life was the liberation.A.which D.when
B.that
C.who
4．This is the same girl _____ came to borrow an English book two days ago.A.that whom 5．The way _____ you are doing it is complete crazy.A.in which
B.by which
B.who
C.which
D.C.on which
D.at which 6．I still remember the summer _____ we had the drought.A.which D.when
B.why
C.where
7.China is not the same country ______ it was 20 years ago.A.that when 8.Wang Fei is the boy _____ I think is the most diligent in our class.A.who him 9.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.A.which D.when
B.where
C.that
B.whom
C.about whom
D.B.as
C.which
D.10.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.A.the way
二．Correct the following sentences.B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which
A.boughtB.have boughtC.will buyD.buy
35.ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.（2014湖南）A.Having freedB.FreedC.To freeD.Freeing
31.nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.（2014江西）A.Having spentB.To spentC.SpentD.To have spent
20._______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.（2014陕西）
A.Working outB.Worked outC.To work outD.Work out
7.— I hope to take the computer course.— Good idea.______ more about it, visit this website.（2014四川）A.To find out
found out
5.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, onlyit didn’t fit.（2014天津）A.to find
5.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.（2014浙江）A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why
4.You’d better write down her phone number before you _______ it.（2014重庆）
【高考英语之名词性从句】推荐阅读：
考研英语二名词性从句06-15
高考复习表语从句09-07
高考名词性从句总复习09-10
高考英语作文 高考作文06-27
高考英语名句06-20
高考英语必背英语作文06-04
高考英语作文练习05-26
高考英语作文高级06-13
高考英语作文结尾06-19
四川高考英语作文06-22
