6A第一单元第一课时教学设计(共7篇)
本单元主要围绕“公共标志”这个话题开展各项活动,所涉及到的日常交际项目有介绍、询问、忠告和建议等,其中,以“询问公共标志含义”及其应答为重点内容。学生们在日常生活中对“公共标志”并不陌生,但作为一个话题谈论是会有一定困难的。为了使学生更好地掌握本单元的学习内容,教师在学习过程中要多考虑学生的年龄特点,充分利用多媒体课件、图片、幻灯、简笔画等手段,运用形象化的语言和动作,使教学内容更贴近学生的生活,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生参
与语言活动的积极性。目标预设:(知识和能力、过程和方法、情感态度和价值观)
1、掌握以下单词: public, sign,smoke,litter,park,cycle danger, quiet,mean
2、掌握以下短句:
No smoking!No littering!No parking!No cycling!Danger!No eating and drinking!Keep off the grass!Keep quiet!Do not touch!
3、初步掌握句子:What does this sign mean? It means„.4、培养学生认读公共标志的能力,并遵守公共秩序。教学重点:
1、掌握以下单词:
public(公共的,公众的), sign(标志,告示牌), smoke(吸烟), litter乱丢杂物), park[停放(汽车)], cycle(骑自行车), danger(危险), quiet(安静的),mean(意思是)。
2、掌握以下短句:
No smoking!No littering!No parking!No cycling!Danger!No eating and drinking!Keep off the grass!Keep quiet!Do not touch!教学难点:
初步掌握句子:What does this sign mean? It means„.设计理念:
根据新课标精神,本课的教学设计,以心理学、建构主义理论为指导,以学生为主体,教师为主导,使英语教学与信息技术相整合,利用多媒体手段进行游戏型的教学,使学生对公共标志有所了解,并在课堂中运用多种方法促使学生多说、多写、形成自主、探究性学习,致力于激发学生学习兴趣和参与积极性及建立培养自信心上,使学生真正成为学习的主人。设计思路:
新课标倡导学生是学习和发展的主体,而小学高年级的英语有一定难度,比较枯燥,因此如何在一堂复习课中吸引学生的注意力,激发他们的好奇心、求知欲及充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神就成了关键。所以我在教学过程中充分利用多媒体直观教学手段,将练习与游戏相结合,使学生“在玩中学,在学中玩”,营造轻松、活泼的课堂气氛,有张有弛,循序渐进,引导学生积极主动地投入到学习活动中去。教学过程:
Step 1 :Warming up
1、Greetings Hello,boys and girls.How are you ? Nice to see you.2、Free talking show some pictures about public signs to the students.In the street or beside the road, we can see some public signs.Do you know: What do they mean?(Show some pictures about public signs to the students.)Today let’s talk about them.(新授单词:public 公共的,公众的 , sign标志,告示牌)
3、出示课题: Public signs Step 2:Presentation and practice 1.T: Let’s go the the park.(多媒体展示公园情景,出现许多公共标志牌)T: What’s this? It’s a public sign.Learn : public sign.T: Let’s look at some public signs on the Internet.多媒体展示八个标志。
T: Can you read them? 学生能朗读其中的八个:No parking、No eating or drinking、Keep quiet、Do not touch.通过复习帮助学生巩固以上四句话。
2.T:(Point to a sign)What does this sign mean? 板书: What does this sign mean? 学习这句话,讲解mean的意思及其中ea的发音。再次强调助动词用does及其语法意义。
T: It means “No smoking”.板示: No smoking.学习这句话。让学生回答smoking 的动词原形,smoke,并再次复习它的变化规则。T: What does this sign mean? S: It means “No smoking.”.T: Yes.It means you shouldn’t smoke.板示:It means you shouldn’t smoke.并学习这句话。
讲解 shouldn’t=should not,should为情态动词,意思为应该,后跟动词原形。
3.T: What does this sign mean? T: It means “No littering.” 板示:No littering.学习这句话。
litter为littering 的动词原形,意为乱丢杂物。同理学习: No parking.注意park的意思与以前不同意思为停放汽车。4.叫一学生上前来问:What does it mean? T: It means “Danger.” 学习danger.S: What does it mean? T: It means you should keep off the grass.学习:Keep off the grass.5.跟读这九个句子,然后齐读,指名读。
6.同桌用What does it mean? It means „.就书上八句话来问答,以巩固所学内容。C.Look and say: 1.让学生分组讨论标志的含义。
2. 排学生分组操练,根据图意用What does it mean? It means you shouldn’t „ 进行问答。3.然后两两问答。Step3.Practice
1、教师播放B部分录音
2、学生跟录音朗读
3、师生问答: What does this sign mean ? It means„.4、学生问答:What does this sign mean ? It means„.Step 4.Consolidation Open the books , talk about Part B.Step 5.Homework: 家庭作业:
1、Copy the new phrases:
No smoking, No littering, No parking, No cycling, Danger, No eating and drinking, keep off the grass, keep quiet, do not touch
2、Ask and answer: What does this sign mean ? It means„.板书设计:
Unit 1 Public signs What does this sign mean? It means„
It means you shouldn’t„
一、教材分析
(一) 明确单元核心内容
本单元为北京版五年级下册第一单元 (见图1) 。课题为W hat are you doing?单元话题为学校、家庭日常生活和业余活动。单元的功能和结构为谈论某 (些) 人正在做某事或正在发生的事情:What are you /they doing? I am... We /They are...What is he she /Baobao doing? He /She is ...What am I doing?You are...单元的文化为介绍中国特有的日常活动, 如practicing Kun Fu, playing hide-and-seek, 公园里老人们集体dancing等, 具体到各个课时, 又有各个课时的文化渗透, 如, Lesson 1:大家认可的一种语言学习方法Reading aloud, listening to English songs;Lesson 2:美国人对篮球的喜好, Kung Fu一种词汇现象, 是由音译而来;Lesson 3:渗透爱家庭、敬老人的价值观。
本单元的学习和教育价值是在丰富的对话交流语境中, 学生懂得交流和分享学习心得体会, 珍惜与家人共度的美好时光, 树立爱家庭敬老人的价值观, 了解中西方文化的异同。如美国人对篮球的喜好, 中国人对传统Kung Fu的热爱等。
(二) 多角度解读课时任务
本单元有四个课时, 前三个课时是新授课, 第四课时是复习课。下面具体谈谈新授课时自身的特点和各课时之间的联系。
1. 整体看:聚焦核心内容, 课时各有侧重
本单元三个新授课都围绕询问并回答或谈论某 (些) 人正在做的事情的日常交际用语这一核心内容展开。但各课时的教学任务各有侧重 (见图2) 。Lesson 1 侧重于What are you doing?I am...;Lesson 2 侧重于What is he/she doing?He/ She is ...;Lesson 3 侧重于What are they doing? They are...根据教学侧重点的不同, 创设的情景也不同:Lesson 1 是Mike遇到Guoguo, 知道她正在大声朗读、练习英语, 遇到Lingling, 知道她正在听英文歌曲, Mike希望自己的汉语能像Lingling说英语那样好;Lesson 2 是在Mike的家里, Mike的父母谈论Mike和Kevin正在做的事情;Lesson 3 是Maomao给Lingling看自己家庭成员的照片并谈论照片中大家正在做的事情。
这些场景与话题贴近学生生活实际, 不仅对正在发生的事情有所谈论, 对基于照片的生活回顾也有所涉及。
2. 横向看:课时之间联系紧密, 教学内容层层推进
虽然课时之间各有侧重, 但所学语言却彼此植入, 循环往复, 层层递进。如, Lesson 1 的重点功能句型是What are you doing? 但对话中和Let’s do .中What is she doing? What am I doing? 都出现了 (见图3) ;Lesson 2 的重点功能句型是What is he/she doing? 但同时复现了What are you doing? (见图4) ;Lesson 3 的重点功能句型是What are they doing? 但出现了What are you doing? We are...You are... (见图5) 。
这说明了功能用语在本单元的复现率比较高, 体现语言在多种场景中表达的灵活性。
3. 纵向看:单一课时的各板块相辅相成
单元中每个课时都分别有四个教学板块, 板块的内容、功能和达标要求从纵向看有一定的层次性和递进性。板块间相辅相成, 共同服务于课时目标的达成。请看表1:
词句学习板块 (见图6~8) 为例加以说明:4.独立看:各教学板块自成体系, 以各课时的
在教学实施中教师应遵循词不离句、句不离景的原则, 处理好词汇与句型的关系。
5.立体看:板块教学内容有难易、有轻重, 以第一课Listen and say部分为例加以说明 (见图9) :
二、学情分析
(一) 重点交际用语
学生在三年级的北师大版教材中曾接触和学习过不同人称的现在进行时的表达法 (见图10) 。对be doing的句式结构有所了解。但后续学习中, 由于复现率较低, 人称的正确区分和be doing在实际情景中的灵活应用仍存在着一定的问题。
教学建议:教师可以通过三个课时不同人称的专项学习, 设计多种语言实践活动, 增加语言复现率, 引导学生熟练表达。
(二) 词汇和短语
本单元涉及的12 个动词及动词短语也是教学的重点, 词汇量不多, 而且都是以现在分词的形式呈现, 为语言的应用提供了最直接的表达方式, 降低了语言使用的难度。其中动词及动词短语有:drawing a picture, watching a basketball game, fishing, dancing, playing以及practicing myEnglish, chattingwith my friends, practicingKung Fu, putting candleson the cake.画线的词汇学生都学习接触过, 难度不大。
教学建议:教师在词汇教学的过程中, 语义部分采取短语整体呈现的方式, 引导学生整体理解和记忆;语音部分重点关注和具体指导学生首次接触的词汇, 如practicing, chatting, putting等, 尤其是-ing在词尾中的正确发音如practicing;并注重创设相应的语言情景引导学生语用。在词汇教学策略方面还可以引导学生归类记忆, 如practicing my English, practicing Kung Fu;making handwork, making models;playing, playing the piano等, 并进行适度地同类动词短语归纳或拓展。
(三) 情景语言
语言是情景的产物, 根据场景变化和人物真实情感的表达, 本单元也出现了一些情景语言, 如“Lingling speaks English very well. I wish I could speak Chinese very well. Sure you will. You are having a good time.”等。这些句子由于受情景的限制, 出现的频度不高, 即使出现, 教师也是弱处理, 所以应该是理解和朗读的难点。建议教师应给予适当的处理, 丰富学生对对话的理解, 树立语言表达得体性的意识。
三、确定单元和课时教学目标
(一) 单元目标
1. 能询问、回答或表述自己或他人正在做的事情并发表简单的看法。
2. 能听懂、认读practicing my English, drawing a picture, chatting with my friends, making handwork, watching a basketball game, playing the piano, making models, practicing Kung Fu, fishing, putting candles on the cake, dancing, playing hide-and-seek等动词及短语, 并能在相应情景中运用。
3. 能根据字母组合qu在单词中发音为/kw/的规律拼读单词。
4. 能理解并朗读Listen and say板块中的对话内容。
5. 能读懂Now I can read板块中转述主课文的语段, 并尝试复述。
6. 能善于观察、勤于学习他人有效的学习策略, 养成自己的业余爱好, 懂得与他人分享美好的生活记忆。
(二) 课时目标
LESSON 1
1. 能够听懂并朗读Listen and say中的对话内容;能运用“What are you doing? I’m ...”的交际用语询问对方或回答自己正在做的事情。
2. 能听懂、会说、认读practicing my English, chatting with my friends, drawing a picture, making handwork等动词短语, 并能在实际情景中运用。
3. 能在教师的帮助下小组内或同伴间完成Let’s do中的游戏活动。
4. 能认识到他人的长处并善于借鉴学习他人科学有效的学习方法。
LESSON 2
1. 能够听懂并朗读Listen and say中的对话内容;能运用“What is Mike /he /she doing? He/She is ...”的交际用语询问并回答他人正在做的事情。
2. 能听懂、会说、认读watching a basketball game, playing the piano, making models, practicing Kung Fu等动词短语, 并能在实际情景中运用。
3. 能在教师的帮助下小组内完成Let’s do中的游戏活动。
4. 能利用业余时间从事自己感兴趣的活动, 并懂得与家人交流和分享, 获得家人之间相互关心、相互尊重的美好情感体验。
LESSON 3
1. 能够听懂并朗读Listen and say中的对话内容;能运用“What aretheydoing? Theyare ..”的交际用语询问并回答他人正在做的事情。
2. 能听懂、会说、认读putting candles on the cake, dancing, fishing, playing hide-and-seek等动词及短语, 并能在实际情景中运用。
3. 能在教师的帮助下小组内或同伴间完成Let’s do中的游戏活动。
4. 能借助图片、照片、录像等方式与朋友回顾并分享自己的生活经历, 体验生活的美好。
LESSON 4
1. 能在真实的情景中恰当运用本单元关于谈论某 (些) 人正在做某事的日常交际用语。
2. 能够听懂、认读、书写本单元出现的部分动词及动词短语, 并能在相应情景中运用。
3. 能够根据字母组合qu在单词中发音为/kw/的规律拼读单词。
4. 能读懂Now I can read板块中转述主课文的语段, 并尝试复述。
5.能在完成听说读写的各项任务活动中, 发展自己的综合语言技能。
四、具体实施建议
鉴于以上分析, 笔者提出如下教学建议:
(一) 强调单元整体备课, 重点把握课时任务, 有的放矢
课时的任务要相对集中, 指向性强, 重点突出, 之后适度拓展。
(二) 强调整体备课, 把握环节任务, 轻重有责
课时中的四个板块不能平均用力, 重点板块要舍得花时间、花精力去设计, 非重点板块要简单处理。
(三) 强调学生理解, 学得明白
笔者在听课的过程中多次遇到这种现象:教师在前面用课件、用图片, 又比划、又绘声绘色地讲得很卖力气, 但当询问学生书中的句子是什么意思时, 他们却不知道或一知半解。由此可见, 理解成了阻滞课堂教学实效性的第一大问题。因此, 建议教师在理解教学上面多下工夫, 找准理解点, 并找到有效帮助学生理解的方法。例如:在进行短语putting candles on the cake的教学时, 教师不仅要教学这个短语在书中的呈现方式, 配有相应的图片、视频或动作模拟, 理解其义, 甚至详细到与making a cake的区分, 还应该涉及两点:1.putting是put的现在分词形式, 是双写了词尾t加ing组成的, 意图是引导学生了解动词是有词形变化的, 是以多种形式存在于句中的;2.教师提炼短语:put...on...把……放在……上。鼓励学生替换说出新的短语, 如put a book on the table, put my hand on my head等, 使学生树立短语意识, 做到举一反三。
(四) 强调活动设计, 有量更有质
1. 激活原有认知, 鼓励积极参与, 减少机械性的操练活动, 增加意义性应用活动。
2. 建构知识体系, 弥补知识不足, 找准生长点。
3. 增加教学活动的挑战性, 获得成功感。
参考文献
胡壮麟.2013.义务教育教科书·英语 (一年级起点) 五年级下册[T].北京:北京出版社.
关键词:英语学习 单元导入 设计 学习实效
《牛津初中英语》按照“话题—功能—结构—任务”相结合的思想编排,以话题为主线,任务为主导,辅以功能和结构项目,以有效培养学生综合运用英语的能力。在单元教学中,教师不可能面面俱到。在每一单元的阅读和中心模块中,教师总是花大气力去精心设计教学环节和内容,重点讲授和练习,学生也认真刻苦地去学,然而,教学的效果却不尽如人意,进而影响到学生对整个单元的理解和学习。这是什么原因造成的呢?
每单元的第一课时相对内容比较简单,教学的知识点较少,很多老师会一带而过,不把它作为教学的重要模块。其次,有的老师喜欢照本宣科,严格按照书本教学,没有引起对它的重视,更无精心设计的环节和内容,无法引起学生的学习兴趣,进而导致学生对整个单元的话题都提不起精神。最后,还有的老师认为,里面的内容在后面的专项模块中还会再次提到,没有必要做重复劳动,后面再仔细设计和讲解也是一样。学生也会如此认为,后面再好好学还是能懂的。所以单元导入的精心设计的重要意义常常被师生们所忽视。
建构主义认为,认识是一种以主体已有的知识和经验为基础的主动的建构活动。运用建构主义理论指导英语教学实践,要求我们在教学中要以学生为中心,让学习成为学生主动构建知识的过程。第一课时单元导入的简单正是符合这一规律。对于本单元的话题,学生的认知还处于表面阶段,需要我们通过本课时的学习去层层挖掘,逐步构建更深层次的知识。笔者认为对于一个单元的学习,第一课时的单元导入显得尤为重要。
良好的开端等于成功的一半。每一节成功的课例,总少不了出色的课堂导入。在新授内容开始之前,成功的导入使学生充分热身,积极投入本课时的学习。第一课时可以看作是一个单元的读前热身活动。教师在备课时应首先通读整个单元,了解本单元的话题、功能和语法项目以及中心任务,同时,了解学生在这些方面的已有知识。在此基础上,教师才能在第一课时有效激活学生的已有知识,充分调动学生对本单元的学习兴趣,为后面几个课时的学习做好铺垫。
这一板块语言点、知识点不多,有漫画和图片,但这一课时实质上是一个单元的引子,是一条线,整个单元的教学内容都在这条线的引导下进行补充、删减、替换、扩展、调整或改编。依据新课程标准,这一板块有如下教学目标。
1. 通过课堂中各种任务的设计,培养学生的学习兴趣,提高学生英语学习的积极性,使他们很好地融入到英语知识的学习过程中。
2. 通过各种有效的教学设计,使学生在听和说的训练中提高英语交际能力,从而牢固地掌握基础知识,达到灵活运用的地步。
3. 在提高学生听、说能力的同时,发展学生智力,陶冶语言情操。
4. 使学生正确认识自己在学习中的作用,不断增强自身的主体意识,培养学生的创造性思维。
5. 通过每个单元背景知识的渗透,培养学生的跨文化交际能力。
那么,我们该如何精心设计单元导入,提高学习实效呢?
一、 确立以学生为主体,让他们成为该单元话题的主人翁
例如,在学习7A Unit 1 This is me, 7A Unit 2 My Day, 7B Unit 1 Dream Homes, 8A Unit 1 Friends, 8A Unit 2 School Life等内容时,让学生向老师和同学介绍自己,家人,同学,朋友,住房和学校。让我们成为学生的倾听者,走进他们的生活。这样,学生没有了陌生感,没有了紧张感,也乐于向我们谈论,对于这些单元出现的一些知识点,也会主动去了解和学习,这样就把“要我学”变成“我要学”,岂不是一件很好的事情。
二、 针对学生的特点,提起他们的兴趣
谈论他们感兴趣的人或物。谈论电脑,电脑游戏,如8B Unit 3 Online Travel; 谈论电视节目,如9A Unit 4 TV Programs; 谈论电影,明星,歌星等,如9A Unit 5 Films。 他们对此有了兴趣,自然而然就会积极参与其中,也会去积极地学习用于表达他们喜爱的人和物的语言了。
三、 了解学生的心理,引起他们的共鸣
如在学习9A Unit3 Teenager problems时,老师可以设计自己为学生的“知心朋友”,让学生把在学习和生活中的困扰和烦恼用英文对自己诉说,并可以有针对性地提出自己的建议。这样既学习了英语,又了解了学生,何乐而不为呢?
四、 增强学生的责任和义务意识,体验英语学习的社会性特点
如在学习7A Unit 2 Welcome to Sunshine Town时,可以让学生充当向导,带领我们参观他的家乡;如8A Unit 4-6单元,可以让学生成为保护坏境的形象大使,向大家宣传保护动植物,保护鸟类,保护环境的原因和重要性。这些对于他们来说,是一种社会意识,也是让英语语言走向应用的第一步。
五、 增强情感教育,提高教学效果
教学中情感教育的渗透对提高学生学习效果起着很大的作用。用情感效应来培养学生的创新意识,开发学生的创新潜能,激发学生的学习动机,使学生“想学”;培养学习兴趣,使学生“乐学”;营造和谐氛围,使学生“愿学”;强化学法指导,使学生“会学”;磨砺坚强意志,使学生“能学”;尝试成功体验,使学生“敢学”;培养合作意识,使学生“互学”。笔者结合教学实践,以8B Unit 4 A Charity Show单元导入课时为例,谈谈如何进行单元导入。
作为一名教师,我们不仅仅在教授语言,也同样在传递语言背后更有意义的东西,那就是如何激发学生珍贵的情感。设计单元导入就应该从分析单元话题入手。本单元的话题是“慈善”。学生也是一名社会人,对于社会上发生的一些重大事件,他们关注并讨论着,甚至积极参与着。汶川地震、玉树地震等一系列自然灾难之后,网络、电视、报纸等媒体都进行了大量的报道,慈善赈灾活动感动着每个人,大家纷纷捐款捐物,奉献爱心。对于慈善的存在和慈善的意义,学生都能真切地感受到。在教学中,如能恰当地创设情境,抓住学生的情感需求,精心设计单元导入,引领学生进行心灵碰撞,就能有效激发学生学习的内驱力,从而提高本单元学习的实效。
分析与思考过教学内容和教学对象后,精心设计视听导入,激发学习热情。播放学生熟悉的地震中的一些场景图片,失学儿童的图片,环境污染的一些图片,志愿者亲赴现场的图片,各界人士捐款的图片,再配以赈灾歌曲为背景音乐,在视听的冲击下,学生内在的善良与同情心被唤醒了,注意力高度集中。
接着进行提问导入,引发深入思考。教师的提问是教学的重要手段,好的问题有着引发学生争论,激发学生思维的作用。看了短片你有什么感想?你对慈善的理解是什么?我们能做些什么?经过第一环节的热身,学生能积极参与,并且有话可说。这些问题激发了学生的思考热情,让学生更好地进入了情境。
下面很自然地就过渡到了话题导入,建构新的知识。分组讨论,谈谈我们身边的慈善机构。如何为慈善机构募集钱?学生的思路被打开了,想到了多种途径,书上有的能想到,书上没有的也能说出来。对于学生的讨论,教师要协助学生梳理,及时地进行针对性地点评,评语应浅显易懂。
最后进入作业导入,完成个体认知建构。通过课堂的学习,学生的学习兴趣很浓,很乐意去设计一些活动为自己想帮助的慈善机构募集钱。在这一环节中本课时的意义得到了升华。通过后面阅读部分的慈善演出和所布置的中心任务设计海报,学生有了感性的认识,并且想积极地进行探索。
Unit 1 Friendship Teaching goals:
*语言知识
1.to talk about friends and friendship, and interpersonal relationship
2.to practise expressing attitudes, agreement and disagreement, and certainty 3.to master some sentences about giving advice
4.to learn to use the Direct Speech and Indirect Speech(1): statements and questions
5.to learn about communication skills
*语言技能和学习策略
1.to develop listening skills by doing exercises in listening task
2.to develop speaking skills by finishing the speaking task and other activities like discussion and oral practice
3.to develop reading skills through the reading materials in this unit 4.to learn to write a letter of advice
*文化意识
1.to know about friend and the real meaning of friend 2.to learn how to get along with others
*情感态度
1.to arouse the interest in learning English
2.to learn to express their feeling of friends and friendship
Teaching key points:
1.how to improve students’ speaking and cooperating abilities
2.learn to use the Direct Speech and Indirect Speech(1):statements and questions 3.master some words and expressions
Teaching difficult points:
1.train the students’ speaking, listening, reading and writing abilities 2.how to improve students’ cooperating abilities
Teaching methods:
Student-focus approach and task-based approach Learning methods: Cooperative study Teaching aids: Computer
The First Period(Warming up &Speaking)
Teaching aims:
1.to know about different kinds of friendship
2.to learn some words of describing friend and friendship 3.to master some useful words and expressions
Teaching methods:
1.discussing
2.cooperative learning
Teaching materials: Warming up Teaching procedures:
Step One: Leading-in 1.Free talk: Something about friend and friendship
Ask the Ss to describe one of their friends----their appearance, personality, hobbies, etc.Qs: What’s your friend like?
What does he/she like to do in his/her spare time?
What personality does he/she have? Step Two: Discussion 1.Writing the following statement on the blackboard
We all agree that to have a good friend , you need to be a good friend.1.Ask the Ss:
What do you think of this statement and how can you be a good friend?
Let the Ss express their views 3.Have the Ss get into groups of four to list some qualities of a person they would like as a friend.Ss may list: honest, friendly, open-minded, generous, helpful, patient, good-tempered, trustworthy, careful, full of love, caring, responsible, interesting, brave, easygoing, outgoing, warm-hearted, kind, selfness, tolerant, intelligent…
4.Have a member of each group report on what their lists have and list them on the blackboard 5.Ask the class whether or not they agree with all the qualities listed Step Three: Doing the survey and explanation 1.Have the Ss do the survey in the textbook and let them work out their score.2.Teacher explain each item
Question 1 deal with how thoughtful you are towards others.The scoring reflects your concern for others.So one point for A gets the lowest score because it is the most selfish response.B get the highest score because it show a concern for your friend as well as your wish to go to see a film.C gets a slightly lower score because although it shows you want to go with your friend(because you change the plan), you do not help your friend.Question 2 is concerned with fairness.A gets the lowest score because you are not giving your friend another chance to behave better this time.B gets a higher score because you let your friend borrow the camera again.This shows kindness and forgiveness or the trouble you had when it was returned broken.But you are not balancing his heeds against your own.That is why C gets the highest score.You are showing your friend that
you will trust him/her with the camera again but this time you are giving him / her rules in case it gets broken.Question 3 deals with your concern for others.A get the lowest score because you would put anything else that needed to be done aside and concentrate only on your friend.This is not responsible.You have things that you need to do.Of course your friend is important but not more important than you responsibilities.B gets a higher score because it shows some concern for your friend and some understanding that you have important things to do too.But it does not show any real interest in his / her problem.C get the highest score because it not only shows concern for your friend but a recognition that you have responsibilities too.Question 4 is concerned with responsibilities to a friend.A provides the correct amount of responsibility to your friend.You recognize that it was your fault and will put it right and pay for the damage.So it gets the highest score.B provides some understanding that you are responsible.You put the situation right but you do not pay for the damage yourself.So it does not get the highest score.C gets the lowest score because you expect your friend to pay for your mistakes even though you were doing your friend a favour.Question 5 is concerned with honesty.If you let your friend look at your paper or somebody else’s paper, you are helping them to cheat.That is not honest, so answers A and C get no marks.But it takes courage to tell your friend that they should have studied and that they cannot look at your paper.That is also the honest answer.So you get 6 points for B, which is more than any other in the quiz.Step Four: Language points Teacher explain language points with some slides 1.add v.1)to put together with something else so as to increase the number, size, importance, etc.增加,添加
eg.Please add something to what I’ve said, John.2)to join numbers, amount, etc so as to find the total eg.Add up these figure for me, please.常用结构:
add up / together sth.把…加起来,合计 add sth.to sth.把…加到/进 add to(=increase)增加了… add up to 合计,共计 add in 包括…,算进
1.pay to get it repaired 花钱让人去修理
2.upset adj.worried;annoyed 不安的;使心烦意乱的
v.cause to worry, to be sad, to be angry, not to be calm, etc.烦意乱
eg.He was upset when he heard the news.His cheating in the exam upset his teacher.4.ignore vt.to pay no attention to sth.忽视;对…不予理睬 eg.Ignore the child if he misbehaves and he’ll stop soon.ignorant adj.无知的;不知的 ignorance n.无知;愚昧 5.calm vt.to make sth./ sb.become quiet 使镇静;使平静
adj.not excited, nervous or upset 镇静的;沉着的
calm down 镇静;平静
使不安;使心
calm down sb.=calm sb.Down 使某人镇静 sb.calm down(vi.)某人平静下来
eg.The excited girl quickly calmed down.He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.1.have got to do sth.(口语)=have to do sth.不得不做某事;必须做某事
eg.Since you’re no longer a child now, you have got to make money to support the family.*have got to在变疑问句或否定句时,不再另加助动词,而have to则须加助动词do.have got to前不用情态动词,而have to前则可以。如: eg.Have you got to writ an assignment for your teacher?
1.7.be concerned about / for : be worried about
eg.We’re all concerned about her safety.1.cheat vt.1)to act in a dishonest way in order to win 欺骗;作弊 eg.Any student caught cheating will have to leave the classroom.2)to take from(someone)in a dishonest way 骗;骗取
eg.They cheated the old woman(out)of her money by making her sign a document she didn’t understand.1.1)an act of cheating 作弊行为
2)one who cheats 骗子
Step Five: Speaking 1.Get the Ss to work in groups of 4.2.Ask the Ss to use the questionnaire in Warming up as an example and discuss about designing questions.3.Follow the steps in this part and start the discussion like this:
A: Now let us design a questionnaire to find out what kind of friend one is.B: OK.First we must think of four questions and three possible answers to each question.C: What about the first question? Have you got one in mind?
D: Suppose your friend has taken away your book by mistake.What will you do or say to him / her?
…
4.Teacher go around in the classroom and check their discussion.Step Six: Assignments 1.Ask Ss to consider the following question;What is / are the most important quality / qualities that a friend needs to have?
2.Prepare for Reading
The Second and Third Period(reading and language points)Teaching aims:
1.to know about the story of Anne’s Diary
2.to promote the Ss’ abilities of reading comprehension 3.to learn about the following words and expressions:
radon;list;go through;hide away;set down;a series of;outdoors;crazy;spellbound;on purpose;dare;happen to do sth.;It’s the first time that…
Teaching methods:
1.reading and discussion
2.cooperative learning and speaking
Teaching materials: Reading, Comprehending Teaching procedures:
Step One: Leading-in Ask their opinions on the question mentioned in the assignment of last period.Step Two: Pre-reading Let the Ss think about the questions in Pre-reading, and express their own views to the whole class.Step Three: Reading 1.Ask the Ss to look at the pictures and the heading, guess what the text might be about.2.Get the Ss to skim the passage and answer the following questions:
What’s Anne’s best friend?
What does her diary mainly talk about?
(1.Anne’s best friend is her diary.2.It’s about Anne’s feeling of hiding away.She especially missed going outside and enjoying nature.1.Let the Ss read the passage and discuss the following questions:
1)Imagine what it might be like if they had to stay in their bedroom for a whole year.You could not leave it even to go to the WC or get a cup of tea.How would they feel? 2)If you are only allowed to have five things with you in the hiding place because there is very little room, what would you choose? 3)Try to guess why the windows had to stay closed.4)Guess the meanings of the word “crazy” and “spellbound” according to the context.Step Four: Discussing the style Ask the Ss: 1.What do you think is the purpose of this passage? Why did Anne write it? 2.Do you think it is successful? Do you understand Anne’s feelings?
3.What is Anne’s tone? In other words, is the author angry, sad, happy or thrilled? 4.What is Anne’s point of view? Do you agree with it? If so, why? If not, why not?
Step Five: Listen to the text and comprehend it
Step Six: Language points 1.go through
1)to examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究 eg.I went through the students’ papers last night.2)to experience 经历;遭受或忍受
eg.You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project.2.hide away
3)vi.to go somewhere where you hope you will not be seen or found 躲避;隐匿
hide away +地点
eg.The thief hid away in a friends’ house for several weeks after the robbery.4)to put or keep sth./sb.in a place where they / it can’t be seen or found 藏;隐蔽
hide away sth./ hide sth.away
eg.Why do you hide your thoughts away from me? 3.set down
5)write down 写下;记下
eg.I’ll set down the story as it was told to me.6)put down 放下;搁下
set down sth./set sth.down
eg.He set down a basket on the ground.4.series n.(单复数同形)
a series of 一连串的;一系列的.crazy adj.7)mad, foolish 疯狂的;愚蠢的
It is crazy of sb.to do sth.= sb be crazy to do sth.eg.It’s crazy to go out in such hot weather.8)wildly excited;very interested 狂热的;着迷的
grow / be crazy about sb./ sth.eg.The boys are crazy about the girl singer.9)like crazy 发疯似的;拼命地
eg.He talked like crazy;I couldn’t understand what he said.6.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that ….*I wonder if / whether…
eg.I wonder if you can help me? *It’s because …
it is 后的表原因的从句中,只能用because来引导,不能用since或as.eg.Why did you go to school on foot? It is because my bike had broken.7.spellbind v.to hold the complete attention of 吸引人,迷人;使入迷
eg.The children watched spellbound as the magician took rabbits from his hat.1.stay v.to continue to be in a particular state or situation
系动词,表是状态。后跟名词或形容词,不能用于被动语态和进行时态。eg.He stayed single all his life.10.on purpose
1)故意地(反义:by chance / accident)
eg.I think she lost the key on purpose.2)on purpose to do sth.为了要…而特地
eg.He went to town on purpose to sell one of his paintings.1.far adv.“过于;…得多” ,表示程度,经常与too或形容词、副词的比较级连用。
eg.She speaks English far better than I.This room is far too warm.cf.very, much, far 1.dare 1)modal.v.多用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句、whether(if)等名词性从句或有否定意义的句中,后接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化,其时态只有现在时和过去时。否定式在其后加not.eg.How dare he say such a word!If you dare do that again, you’ll be punished.2)vt.敢,胆敢。有人称、数和时态的变化。在否定句和疑问句中,dare后的to可保留也可省略。
eg.I wonder how he dare to day such words.12.happen to do sth.It so(just)happened that…
不能用于进行时态。
eg.I happened to be out when he came.= It so happened that I was out when he came.13.It’s the first time that…
eg.It is the first time that I have seen the sea.Step Seven: Comprehending Get the Ss to do the exercises in this part.Step Eight: Consolidation Listen to the text again to appreciate it.Step Nine: Assignments
1.Read the key sentences in the text 2.do the exercises on WB(Page 41-42)
The Fourth Period(Listening)
Teaching aims:
to train and develop listening skills by listening to the listening exercises in this unit Teaching methods: Listening and speaking Teaching materials: listening parts on Page 6 and Page 41 and Page 43 Teaching procedures:
Step One: Revision Check the answers to the homework Step Two: Listening 1.Listen to the exercises on Page 6
2.Guess the words by listening to the tape and write them down
Step Three: Listening to the passage Fill in the blanks on Page 41 Step Four: Speaking Listen to the tape and discuss questions in groups of four, express your own views.Step Five: Listening task
1.Discuss with the Ss whether they always do what their parents tell them.2.Have the Ss listen to the passage.3.Fill in the table
4.Work in pairs to give some advice to Anne 5.Do the exercises on Page 42(Ex 1,2)6.Revise the Object Clause
Step Six: Assignments
The Fifth Period(Discovering Useful Structures)
Teaching aims:
Let the Ss use the Direct Speech and Indirect Speech Teaching methods:
1.discovery learning 2.cooperative learning
Teaching materials: Page 5 Teaching procedures:
Step One: Revision 1.Check the homework with the Ss 2.Revise the Object clause Exercise: Rewrite the following sentences.1.I go to school by bike.(He said…)
2.Will you forget to do your homework?(Mary asked him…)3.When did you come here?(They asked me…)4.What has he said?(Do you know…)
5.Anne is watching TV now.(Mother told me …)
Step Two: discovering useful structures 1.Present some sentences for Ss
1)My friend says, “ I will come here tomorrow?”
如果此时此地,你来转述,应该说:
My friend says she / he will come here tomorrow? 如果时间变了,地点不变,你来转述,应该说: My friend said she / he would come here the next day.如果地点变了,时间还是今天,你来转述,应该说: My friend sayd she / he will go there tomorrow.如果时间地点都变了,你来转述,应该说:
My friend said She / he would go there the next day.如果由别人转述,时间地点都变了,应该说: He/ She said he /she would go there the next day.*使用直接引语和间接引语要注意具体语境。
2)“Do you go to the park yesterday?” He asked me.He asked me if / whether I went to the park the day before.3)Kate said to John, “What’s your favourite food?” Kate asked John what his favourite food was.1.Get the Ss to have a look at Part1 in“Discovering useful structures” and sum up this grammar point.人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化。
Step Three: Practice 1.Do the first tow sentences in Part 2 as examples.2.Check the answers together.3.Wb, Page 42, 43(Individual, Groups)4.2.Prepare for Reading on Page 44
Step Four: Assignments
The Sixth Period(Reading)
Teaching aims:
1.to learn about friendship in Hawaii
2.to promote the Ss’ abilities of reading comprehension 3.to learn about the following words and expressions:
way;the second important;It’s believed that…;in peace;those who …;etc.Teaching methods:
1.reading and discussion
2.cooperative learning and speaking
Teaching methods: Reading(Page 44)Teaching procedures:
Step One: Leading-in 1.Ask the Ss if they can think of any place in the world where Chinese and Western cultures live side by side.(Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, the Philippines, San Francisco, etc.)Step Two: Reading 1.Get the Ss to read the passage and try to finish the table in Ex1.2.Read the passage carefully again and discuss the questions in Ex2.3.Report their discussion
4.the way to do sth./ the way of doing sth.5.the second most important
Step Three: Listening to the text and comprehend it Step Four: Language points the second + adj.(最高级)the third + adj.(最高级)
eg.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.China is the third largest country in the world.1.to enjoy the land = in order to enjoy the land
eg.To make the w8th Olympic Games the game ever, Beijing will make several changes.* to do和 in order to do可以置于句首、句末,而 so as to do只能置于句末。
1.Indeed, Hawaii is a place where ….small communities.2.It’s believed that the islands can be a paradise ….It’s believed that …= People believe that …
eg.It’s believed that they arrived more than 30,000 years ago.1.in peace
2.… they are really talking about all those who live on the islands.those who…=people who … “凡…的人”
eg.The teacher praised those who had done good deeds.We find it our duty to help those who are in trouble.1.Living in peace, Hawaiians has developed …
现在分词短语作原因状语,相当于 As they are living in peace.1.Perhaps this is how most visitors will remember their new friendship.Step Five: Listening to the text and enjoy it
The Seventh Period(Speaking Task and Writing)
Teaching aims:
1.to develop Ss’ speaking ability and learn to express their own views 2.enable Ss to write a letter of advice
Teaching methods:
1.tasked-based learning 2.speaking
Teaching procedures:
Step One: Speaking task Task One: Ex1(Page 45)1.Get the Ss to work in pairs, have them read the situations and choose one to discuss.2.Ask the Ss to present their dialogue.Task Two: Ex2(Page 45-46)
1.Ask the Ss to look at the pictures.2.Work in groups of four and talk about whether they are doing is cool or not.3.Try to express their own views to the whole class.4.Get the S to read the letter on Page 7 and understand it.5.Ask the Ss to work in pairs and talk about how to answer the letter.6.Write the letter in reply down.7.Read the proverbs carefully.8.Write a passage to express their own opinions.9.Fill in the form in Sum up(Page 8)
10.Fill in the form in Checking yourself(Page 47)
Step Two: Writing Task One: Ask the Ss to write a letter of advice
第四单元课文8《静夜思》第一课时教学反思
《静夜思》第一课时教学反思 一年级的识字教学也是教学的重点。在教学这一环节,我是这样设计的:首先让学生根据拼音自己练习读,发现自己读得不正确的可以请同桌帮助。然后通过与“字娃娃”交朋友的游戏来调动认字的积极性。、将生字与音节打乱,“找朋友”、“认朋友”等游戏性的教学环节中,同学们都非常喜欢。学生愿意在玩中学,这样既补充了丰富的拼读练习又充分调动了学生的主动意识和探索精神,激发了学生学习拼音的兴趣。在认读的过程中,我还注重字音的纠正,如:“床”“光”“望”“乡”都是后鼻音,学生读起来不容易读标准,我采取的方法是:注意引导学生借助拼音读准字音,再读不准的就看老师的.口型读,直到学生读准为止。 会读不是最终的目的,关键是否能牢固掌握,我还通过复习巩固加深写生对字型的认识。首先,在教学中,可以用组词的方式帮助学生了解字义,加深对生字的记忆。如,光―光明、月光、灯光;举―举手、举重;用“词语转盘”的形式寓教于乐,让学生在游戏中复习本课的生字。。还让认识字的同学说出自己是怎么认识的,请认识的学生当小老师,,教那些不认识字的同学。于是我采用包干到人的方法,让认字有困难的同学自己去给自己选择小老师。大家互相帮助、一起学习、一起读字、一起读书。这种方法一经实施,同学们都非常喜欢。小老师认真负责得教,同学们也喜欢学,到了第二节语文课,大伙儿基本上都能熟练地读出这些字了。最重要的是它让学生学会了如何与人团结合作,增强了班级的凝聚力。
一、阅读教学的第一课时出了什么问题
1.第一课时的教学目标定位模糊。在我们在观摩各种级别的展示课、观摩课和优质课时, 阅读教学的第一课时是这样一番景象:既有字词的学习也有全文的初步感知, 既有把课文读通读顺的要求也有对全文的深度解读, 一节课把全部课文上完了。在会场我们经常会情不自禁发出这样疑问:这是第一课时还是第二课时教学?这样设计小学生能消化得了吗?这样教学效果肯定是字词掌握不了, 课文也理解不透……一线教师百思不得其解, 于是出现了“乱花迷眼”的局面, 教学效果大打折扣。
2.第一课时的教学内容相对固化。为了改变阅读教学的第一课时教学目标定位模糊的局面, 有的学校和地方第一课时教学目标作出了明确的规定, 采取相对固定的教学模式, 教学内容过于“单一化”, 教学模式相对“固定化”, 只解决了一些共性问题, 忽视了阅读教学中的个性问题。
二、阅读教学的第一课时确立教学目标需要遵循什么规律
阅读教学的第一课时教学目标的确立需要尊重学生实际, 遵循实际的生长规律和读书学习的规律。
1.要深刻认识到小学生的“小”字。我们小学语文的教学对象是小学生, 他们学习语文的规律基本是按照“字——词——句——段——篇”的规律由易到难循序渐进进行的, 而且随着年级和年龄的增加, 对段、篇的理解和运用能力逐渐增强。所以, 在阅读教学要按照学生的年龄特点, 遵循他们语文学习规律, 恰当定位阅读教学第一课时教学目标。
2.要清楚认识到深度阅读的规律。我们读书一般可以分为如下有三个步骤, 一是读通、读顺句子。二是初步感知文章。三是细读理解。只有这样, 才能把文章学好, 记牢。我们的阅读教学就是引导学生深度阅读, 那么我们小学的阅读教学难道不应该遵循这样的学习规律吗?
三、阅读教学的第一课时教学目标的如何确立
第一课时教学的有效实施应该有其合理的路径, 其首要问题就是要解决教学内容的确定问题。具体来说第一课时教学内容的确立应该走好以下几步:第一步, 清晰第一课时的目标定位;第二步, 确定不同选文的第一课时教学价值;第三步, 明确“这一篇”第一课时的可为之处。以上三步走通, 才可能据此设计该文第一课时的抓手和路径, 即具体的教学实施过程。三个步骤可以分别简称“定位”“定值”“定法”。教学策略的选择一方面依赖于教学内容的确定, 另一方面也制约着教学内容的实施。教学中, 不同年段孩子的身心发展特点和文本特性也是教学策略选择的重要依据。
四、阅读教学的第一课时教学应该做些什么
1.导入新课, 读题质疑。第一课时主要是帮助学生在扫清阅读障碍的同时, 初步了解课文主要内容, 整体感知课文要向我们传达的心声、文意。从这个角度来看, 第一课时教学就是要解决初读和识字正音的问题, 解决怎样让学生一步步读出兴趣, 读出疑问的问题。中高年级的学生应当初步养成预习的学习习惯, 第一课时教学时需要对预习进行检查、反馈。同时, 通过激发学生的阅读兴趣, 建构阅读话题, 调动学生已有的知识和经验与文本进行碰撞, 引发他们的疑问与猜测, 形成强烈的阅读期待。
2.初读感知, 学习字词。首先放手让学生试读, 整体感知文章内容。人对事物的认识总是从整体的形式入手的, 然后再到关系和结构的认识, 并逐渐逼近事物的本质。在初读的过程中, 我们一定要依据学生实际情况, 有目的地进行字词学法的指导, 培养学生的自学能力, 还要抓住关键词句学习, 让初读扎实有效。
3.梳理脉络, 理清思路。阅读教学中“复述”和整体概括目标的落实尤为重要。在课文读通读熟的基础上, 教学的重点要放在如何有效地指导学生在读通读顺文章的基础上进行篇章的教学引入上, 通过给课文分段、概括大意, 来梳理文章脉络, 理清思路。针对不同的文本特点要有的放矢。同时, 还要抓住课始激起的阅读期望, 引导学生进一步了解内容, 解决一部分可以通过初读解答的问题。
4.写字教学, 强化练习。第一课时的识字写字中, 要重点指导难写、易错的字, 注重书写姿势和习惯的巩固和行款格式。指导书写时, 可以让学生自己想办法记忆生字的字形, 引导学生自己总结生字的间架结构再添资格中的位置安排, 要求写正确、写美观。当然, 在具体应用的时候应当根据教材、教者、学生的实际情况灵活的变通。
《称象》是人教版语文一年级下册第五单元的一篇精读课文。课文主要介绍了善于观察并吸取别人思考结果中合理化部分的曹冲在称象时采用的具体方法和步骤。教学中要以读为主,由“初读”、“细读”到“精读”,由浅入深,循序渐进,让学生在朗读中感悟语言、学习语言、积累语言。通过第四自然段的品读,在读一读、想一想、议一议中让学生感悟曹冲是一个遇事爱动脑子,能找出解决问题办法的聪明孩子,进一步培养学生的求异思维。
教学过程:
一、谈话引趣。揭示课题
1 同学们,你们见过大象吗?大象是什么样子的?(学生自由发言)如果我们想知道大象的重量,可以用什么方法呢?(学生自由发言)
2 现在,我们要知道大象的重量很容易。但在古时候却十分困难,当时的人用什么办法来称大象的重量呢?今天我们就来学习课文《称象》。请同学们伸出右手的食指,跟着老师一起书写“称象”这两个字。(板书:21、称象)
3 说说你怎样记住“称”和“象”这两个字。读了《称象》这个题目,你最想知道什么?(引导学生充分质疑)
设计意图:通过激发学生的学习兴趣,明确学习任务,集中学生的注意力,让学生对学习内容产生强烈的探究欲。
二、初读课文,了解方法
1 请同学们借助拼音读课文。(要求:(1)读准字音,读通课文。(2)圈出课文中的生字,多读几遍。(3)标出自然段序号。)
2 认识生字。
(1)出示带拼音的生字卡片,齐读。
(2)出示带拼音的生词卡片,指名读,齐读。
(3)出示无拼音的生字卡片,抢读,开火车读,齐读。
3 培养能力。
(1)分自然段读课文,思考:送给曹操的是一头怎样的大象?用“——”画出描写大象样子的句子。
(2)齐读描写大象样子的句子。
(3)看到这么一头大象,大家心里会想什么?
(4)语句训练:一边……一边……①多媒体课件出示句子:官员们一边看一边议论:“象这么大,到底有多重呢?”(指名读;同桌读;挑战读。)②官员们一共做了几件事?(他们一共做了两件事。一件是看大象,一件是议论大象。)③小结:看大象和议论大象这两件事可以同时进行,课文中用“一边……一边……”把两件事情连起来说。在我们的生活中,还有哪些事情可以同时做?哪些事情不可以同时做?④如果用上“一边……一边……”练习说话,你会选择哪两件事情连起来说?⑤课件出示课后“读读说说”,齐读,学生完成写话作业。
4 了解方法。
教师:要想知道这头大象有多重,必须称一称,课文中介绍了几种称象的办法呢?
设计意图:通过引导学生自学,认识生字和了解课文中的大象,主要是落实识字目标,扫除阅读障碍,培养学生正确遣词造句的能力,进一步激发学生的学习兴趣。
三、细读课文,分析方法
1 齐读课文,边读边想:课文里介绍了几种称象的方法?
2 播放课文录像,直观感受官员们和曹冲称象的方法。
3 小组讨论交流,官员们想出了几种称象的方法,为什么曹操听了直摇头,只有曹冲的方法让他点头微笑?
4 比较几种称象的方法,完成下表。
师:在所有称象的方法中,曹冲称象的方法最好,到底好在哪里,让我们来仔细读一读课文第四自然段中描写曹冲称象方法的语句,体会体会。
设计意图:通过围绕核心问题,读书讨论,并借助多媒体课件,引导学生从整体上把握课文内容,训练学生的思维能力和表达能力,让学生的认知不断得到完善和升华,对课文内容形成初步的自我理解。
四、精读深究,享受快乐
1 用自己喜欢的方式读第四自然段。思考:介绍曹冲称象的方法有几句话,每句话表达了什么意思?
2 同桌交流。曹冲是怎样称象的。
3 课件出示:“把大象赶到一艘大船上,看船身下沉多少,就沿着水面,在船舷上画一条线。再把大象赶上岸,往船上装石头,装到船下沉到画线的地方为止。然后,称一称船上的石头。石头有多重,大象就有多重。”(齐读)
4 全班交流。曹冲称象的方法和步骤。
5 课件演示。曹冲称象的方法和步骤。
6 课件出示填空题。
把大象( )一艘大船上,看船身( )多少,就( ),在船舷上( )。再把大象赶上岸,往船上装( ),装到船( )到画线的地方为止。然后,( )船上的石头。石头有( ),大象就有( )。
7 试着用上“先……再……然后……最后……”说说曹冲称象的方法。
8 讨论交流。
1 曹冲称象的方法好在哪里?(引导学生把曹冲与官员们所提议的方法比较,得出曹冲以船代秤,以石代象,以水代人的聪明举措。)
(2)曹冲称象的好办法是怎样想出来的?(引导学生明白曹冲称象的方法不是凭空想出来的,而是曹冲善于观察,善于吸取别人思考结果中合理化部分的结果。)
9 出示曹冲图片:面对曹冲的画像,请把你最想对他说的一句话大声说出来吧!
设计意图:关注学生的个性差异,尊重学生在学习过程中的独特体验,让学生选择自己喜欢的方式阅读课文,通过动口、动手、动耳、动眼、动脑,多层面地在阅读中揣摩,在阅读中体会,在阅读中领悟,在交流和讨论中说出自己的看法,做出自己的判断,从中受到启发,享受读书的快乐和属于自己的实践机会。
五、改进方法,鼓励创新
1 同学们,按照曹冲的方法称象,石头要一块一块地搬上船,又要一块一块地搬下船,再一块一块地称重量,多麻烦呀,多费时呀!你能帮曹冲想出一个更好更快的方法吗?
2 小组讨论:如何改进曹冲称象的方法,让大家尽快知道大象的重量?
设计意图:让学生结合课文展开想象的翅膀,说出自己的独特见解,在理解、感悟课文的基础上创造自己的语言,使语文的工具性与人文性达到和谐统一。
六、总结全文,巩固拓展
1 读了《称象》这篇课文,你懂得了什么?
2 课外拓展。
(1)回家把故事讲给家人听。
(2)收集、阅读中外名人动脑筋的故事,在阅读课上交流。
设计意图:本环节设计在于了解学生的学习情况,激发学生的课外阅读兴趣,培养学生的语言表达能力。
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