高中英语语法重点点拨

高中英语语法重点点拨

高中英语语法重点点拨 篇1

1. 凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或者表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。大多数的句子都是陈述句，它可以用肯定式和否定式，句末用句号.，通常用降调。

掌握陈述句的肯定式和否定式的构成及用法。

e.g. We live in Tianjin. (肯定句)我们住在天津。

We dont live in Shanghai. (否定句)我们不住在上海。

注意：(1)在一般现在时的肯定式中，主语是第三人称单数时，动词要改成第三人称单数形式。

e.g. John studies Chinese very well.

(2)一般现在时和一般过去时的否定式要加助动词do (does), did.

e.g. I dont like swimming. 我不喜欢游泳。

He doesnt have lunch at home every day. 他每天不在家吃午饭。

They didnt play football yesterday. 他们昨天没有踢足球。

2. 掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的构成、用法和答语。注意在一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句要加助动词do(does), did.

e.g. Do you often speak English at school ? 在学校你常讲英语吗?

Does she have a brother ? = Has she got a brother ? 她有兄弟吗?

★ 中考英语：语法基础

★ 「中考英语」语法基础-7

★ 英语基础句子合集

★ 考研英语基础语法知识点讲解二

★ 高考英语写作句子语法

高中英语语法重点点拨 篇2

there be意为“某处有某物”。如：

There is a park in front of our school. 我们学校前有个公园。

there be结构表示“某地存在某物或某人”。它的基本句式为：there be +主语（名词）+地点状语，其中there是引导词，本身无词义，也不发生变化，而真正的主语是后面的名词，相当于：主语（名词）+ be + 地点状语。如：

There is a restaurant next to the park. 紧挨着公园有个饭店。

there be结构的一般疑问句只需把be动词提前，回答时根据主语变化用Yes， there is/ are. 或No， there isnt/ arent. 如：

—Are there any teachers in the office？ 办公室里有老师吗？

—No， there arent. 不，没有。

由there引导的这种结构，动词be （is， are）放在主语之前，需与其在数方面保持一致，主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is，若为复数时用are。当there be结构中有两个或两个以上主语时，谓语动词be应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。如：

There is a girl and two boys in the classroom. 教室里有一个女孩和两个男孩。

<＼＼Huxi＼刘郸＼2015年湖南版＼7～8期＼七年级＼喇叭.tif>[一般过去时]

句式结构

（1）be动词过去时的句式：

否定句是在was/ were后面加not；一般疑问句是把was/ were提前放到句首。

（2）实义动词过去时的句式：

① 肯定式：主语+动词过去式+其他

② 否定式：主语+ did not （didnt） +动词原形+其他

③ 一般疑问式：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？

④ 特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形+其他？

活动环境

（1）主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，句中通常有表示过去的时间状语；

（2）表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，此时常与often， always等表示频度的时间状语连用；

（3）叙述已去世人的情况；

（4）如果有些情况发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的，也应用一般过去时。

时间状语

（1）yesterday及其构成的短语；

（2）由“last +时间名词”构成的短语；

（3）由“介词+表示过去的时间名词”构成的短语；

（4）由“一段时间+ ago”构成的短语；

（5）其他一些表示过去时间的短语。

<＼＼Huxi＼刘郸＼2015年湖南版＼7～8期＼七年级＼喇叭.tif>[祈使句 ]

祈使句常常用来表达命令、请求或者建议。主语“you”通常省略，并且谓语动词用原形。句尾用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。

（1）肯定句式结构：

Be动词+其他成分。如：

Be a good boy！ 做个好孩子！

Let +人（或者人称代词的宾格） +动词原形。如：

Let me have a look. 让我看一看。

其他动词类。如：

Stand up， please！ 请起立！

（2）否定句式结构：

祈使句的否定句式结构通常是在肯定结构前加Dont。如：

Dont ask me when Im busy！ 别在我忙的时候问我！

（3）特殊用法：

即“无动词祈使句”，常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。如：

No parking！ 禁止停车！

No smoking！ 禁止吸烟！

No swimming！ 禁止游泳！

（4）加强语气的祈使句：Do +动词原形。如：

Do write to me soon！ 一定要快点给我写信呀！

<＼＼Huxi＼刘郸＼2015年湖南版＼7～8期＼七年级＼喇叭.tif>[现在进行时]

现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生或进行的动作或者存在的状态。由“系动词be （am， is， are） +动词的现在分词（v-ing）”构成。其中am， is， are在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。

句式结构：

肯定式：主语 + am/ is/ are + v-ing

否定式：主语 + am/ is/ are + not + v-ing

一般疑问式及其回答：

Am/ Is/ Are +主语+ v-ing？

Yes， 主语+ am/ is/ are.

No， 主语+ am not/ isnt/ arent.

特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ am/ is/ are +主语+ v-ing？

判定方法：

（1）现在进行时在多数情况下是通过now来判定的。

（2）以动词Look！或Listen！等开头的句子，提示我们说话时动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。

（3）描述图片中人物的动作时常用现在进行时，以示生动。

（4）通过前后的语言环境、时间等来说明动作发生的时间，也可由特定的语境来表达。

<＼＼Huxi＼刘郸＼2015年湖南版＼7～8期＼七年级＼喇叭.tif>[训练基地]

Ⅰ. 单项选择。

（ ）1. Look！ The girls ______ cards over there.

A. play B. playing C. is playing D. are playing

（ ）2. —What are the girls doing？

—They ______.

A. are looking English books B. are seeing a film

C. are listening the music D. watching a film

（ ）3. ______ weekend， I ______ an old friend in London.

A. Last； visited B. Last； visiting

C. This； visit D. This； am visit

（ ）4. ______ there a bike and two men under the tree？

A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has

（ ）5. —______ take off your coat， Kate. Its cold today.

—OK.

A. Dont B. Cant C. Youd better D. Please

（ ）6. —______ you in Australia last year？

—Yes， I ______.

A. Were； was B. Were； were C. Was； were D. Was； was

（ ）7. —How did you ______ the weekend？

—I helped my mother cook food.

A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent

（ ）8. We ______ the end-of-year exam yesterday.

A. have B. had C. are D. are having

（ ）9. —When ______ you ______ the room？

—Last Monday.

A. do； clean B. did； clean C. are； cleaning D. does； clean

（ ）10. —______ yesterday？

—It was rainy.

A. How was the weather like B. What was the weather

C. How is the weather D. What was the weather like

Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I can take Wang Gang there when he ______ （come） to visit.

2. ______ her brother ______ （like） playing football every day？

3. Its nine oclock. His grandfather ______ （lie） in bed.

4. He ______ （have） fun in the Palace Museum yesterday.

5. Many people ______ （run） in the park every Sunday morning.

6. How ______ （be） the weather last winter？

7. On weekdays， when ______ you ______ （get） up？

8. Jims cousin ______ （do） his homework every day. But he ______ （not do） it yesterday.

9. Look！ The boy ______ （put） on his sweater by himself.

10. I ______ （buy） a new dictionary the day before yesterday.

11. —______ you ______ （know） the boy over there？

—Which boy？

—The boy who is ______ （sit） near the window of the classroom.

12. I like ______ （read）， but I like ______ （go） to the cinema this evening.

13. Would you like ______ （go） to the park this afternoon？

14. Dont ______ （agree） with him. Hes wrong.

15. They ______ （practice） writing at school now.

Keys：

Ⅰ. 1～5 DBAAA 6～10 AABBD

Ⅱ. 1. comes 2. Does； like 3. is lying 4. had

5. run 6. was 7. do； get 8. does； didnt do

9. is putting 10. bought 11. Do； know； sitting12. reading； to go

高中英语语法重点点拨 篇3

2. I insist on taking proper food for this expedition. 我坚决主张携带适合于这次远征的食品。insist v. 坚持;强调;后接名词, 代词或动名词时要先接介词on, 后接宾语从句时有两种情况：1). 如果从句的动作尚未发生，用虚拟语气 “(should) + 动词原形”, 表示“坚决/坚持要求某人做某事”。2). 如果从句的动作已经发生，或者情况确实存在，用陈述语气, 表示 “坚持认为;坚持说”。 e.g. They insisted on helping us with our work. 他们坚持要帮助我们干活。Our English teacher insists on the importance of correct pronunciation. 我们的英语老师强调正确发音的重要性。They insisted that he should be present at the meeting. 他们坚决要求他出席会议。 She insisted that she needed no help. 她坚持说她不需要任何帮助。 The doctor insisted that she should stay at home for at least three months. 医生坚持要求她至少在家休息三个月。

3. So I have decided to take live animals. 所以我决定只带活的动物。 live adj. 活的;实况的;只做定语;alive活着的;在世的;只做表语或后置定语;living adj. 活的;有生命的;可以做表语或定语，与the 连用指一类人。 请比较：Is this bird alive / living or dead? 这只鸟儿是活的还是死的? I only want live / living fish. 我只买活鱼。 His grandfather is still alive / living. 他的爷爷仍然活着。The living must fulfill the task that the dead haven’t ended. 活着的人必须完成死者的未竞事业。live broadcast 现场直播。

4. at sea 在海上;在航海;all at sea 茫然;不知所措;at the sea 在海边;by the sea 在海边上;e.g. The ship was hit by a hurricane at sea. 那艘船在海上遭遇飓风。 I can’t understand this problem. I’m all at sea. 我不懂这条题，我完全摸不着头脑。He lives by the sea. 他家住在海边上。

5. I suggest taking a lot of vinegar. 我建议带大量的醋。suggest vt. 1). 建议;后接名词，动名词，从句用 “虚拟语气 (should) + 动词原形”. e.g. Mr. Chen suggested a meeting to discuss these problems. 陈老师建议开个会来讨论这个问题。She suggested that the plan should not be put into practice at once. 她建议这个计划不要马上实施。2). 暗示;(从句用陈述语气) e.g. His silence suggested that he didn’t agree to our decision. 他的沉默表明他不同意我们的决定。

英语b级语法重点总结语法 篇4

名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单、复数之分。

1.不可数名词只用单数形式。如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。如：a piece of news(一条新闻);two pieces of advice(两条建议)

2.名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room;如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词;名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.

B.例题讲解

What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.

A. furniture B. furnitures C. pieces of furniture D. pieces of furnitures

小学英语重点语法 篇5

1、 动词

这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。

(1)行为动词

就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live等。

行为动词的四种形式：

原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，

具体判断方法如下：

有，就加ing

读句子、读该单词、认识该单词、理解意思、看有无be动词 (若是be going to 就用原形)

没有，再看情态动词

有，就用原形

有，就加ed

没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语 是第三人称单数就加s或es

没有，再看主语

不是第三人称单数就用原形

(2)be动词

a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。

b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

c、 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类：is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。

判断步骤：

第一、三人称单数，就用was

有，再看人称

第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were

看有无表示过去的时间状语

第一人称单数，就用am

没有，再看人称→第三人称单数，就有is

第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are

2、 名词

表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were，名词就加s或es。

这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。

如何加后缀：

a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

d.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

e.不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

3、 形容词(包括副词)

形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。

形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er。

未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。

两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。

4、 人称代词和物主代词

人称代词 物主代词

单数 复数 单数 复数

主格 宾格 主格 宾格 形容词性(短) 名词性(长) 形容词性(短) 名词性(长)

第一人称 I me we us my mine our ours

第二人称 you you you you your yours your yours

第三人称 he him they them his his their theirs

she her her hers

it it its its

人称代词：

有主格和宾格之分。

一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。

物主代词：

有两类：形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)

一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无，就用名词性物主代词(长的)。

5、 数量词

我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。

6、冠词

有a、an、the。a和an有具体的意思，一(个…)，the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。

二、否定句

表示某一否定意思。句中一定有not。

有三种可能：be动词(am、is、are、was、were)+not、情态动词(can、must、should)+ not、助动词(do、does、did) + not

如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：

1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。

2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。

3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。

分四个步骤：

(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语(某人或某物)后，动词前。

(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。

(3)在助动词后加not。

(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。

强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。

三、一般疑问句

表示疑问，一般回答只有两种可能Yes，……或No，……句中没有疑问词。

如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：

1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。

2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。

3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。

分四个步骤：

(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语(某人或某物)后，动词前。

(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。

(3)把助动词后提到句首。

(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。

强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。

四、特殊疑问句

表示疑问，有疑问词(在开头)，回答有很多种可能。

常用疑问词：

What、When、Which、Who、Whose、Why、How

五、祈使句

表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。

肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头(有时有please)，否定的祈使句一定是don’t加动词原形开头(有时有please)。

把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加don’t即可。

六、时态

1、一般现在时

(1)句中be动词和动词一般情况下只能有一种而且也必须有一种。如：

The children are very happy on Christmas Day .

(2)一般现在时中的be动词：

一般用原形：am is are

am用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等)。

(3)一般过去时中的动词：

有两种情况：

第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数(he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等)，动词后一般加s或es。

第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。

2、一般过去时

(1)句中be动词和动词一般情况下只能有一种而且也必须有一种。如：

The girls were on the grass just now .

They visited my parents last weekend .

(2)一般过去时中的be动词：

一般用过去式：was were

was用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben 、 his sister等);were用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等)。

(3)一般过去时中的动词：

一般只有一种情况：+ed

这里强调一点，和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称，也不管是单数和复数都加ed。

(4)有用的的依据：

Be动词是was或were 该句是一般过去时

动词加ed 有表示过去的时间状语

3、一般将来时

(1)构成形式：

Be going to +动词原形。

这里强调一点，be动词、going、to以及动词原形共四个单词缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成一般将来时。

(2)一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。

(3)有用的依据：

一个句子中既有be动词，又有going、to和动词，且动词用的是原形，该句是现在进行时

(4)句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。

4、现在进行时

(1)构成形式：

Be动词+动词的ing形式

这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。

(2)现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。

(3)有用的依据：

一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing ，该句是现在进行时

(4)句中往往有now、look、listen等词。

七、Have、Has和There be结构

1、There be结构包括there is there are there was there were

2、和have、has、had的区别：

(1)There be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)

(2)在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。

(3)there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

(4)there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

(5)some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。

(6)and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。

(7)针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语? How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?

(8)针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语?

八年级（上）期末重点语法专练 篇6

1. It’s bad for your health to go to work ____ breakfast.

A. withoutB. atC. forD. with

2. I have a day ____ this weekend. I’m very happy.

A. offB. ofC. awayD. from

3. She is good at looking after others and she wants to find a job ____ a nurse.

A. asB. ofC. toD. for

4. After the whole day’s work, I felt tired ____ happy.

A. andB. orC. butD. so

5. I’m hungry. Please bring me ____, Mum.

A. a breadB. piece of bread C. any breadD. some bread

6. ——I want to make a banana milk shake. ____ bananas and ____

yogurt do I need?

——Maybe three bananas. As for yogurt, I don’t know.

A. How many, how manyB. How many, how much

C. How much, how muchD. How much, how many

7. We didn’t go to climb Mount Tai yesterday ____ the cold weather.

A. becauseB. asC. because ofD. as for

8. ——Are there still any seats in the theater if we go to the movies now?

——Don’t worry. There are ____ seats there.

A. enoughB. muchC. a lotD. lots

9. The price of the bike is too ____. I can’t afford it.

A. highB. lowC. expensiveD. cheap

10. There is a little milk left. Let’s buy ____ this afternoon.

A. any moreB. more anyC. some moreD. more some

11. My cousin is ____ young ____ go to school.

A. too, toB. too, forC. to, tooD. so, to

12. It’s hot here. Let’s find ____.

A. somewhere warmB. somewhere cool

C. warm somewhereD. cool somewhere

13. I don’t understand ____ he said.

A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what

14. Xi’an is one of ____ capital ____ in China.

A. older, cityB. the older, city

C. oldest, citiesD. the oldest, cities

15. If you want to eat a banana, you must ____ it first.

A. peelB. sellC. putD. cut

16. ——____ you hang out with your friends yesterday afternoon?

——Yes, I ____.

A. Did; didB. Did; didn’tC. Did; doD. Do; did

17. About ten students in our class are going to ____ the drawing compe-tition.

A. holdB. joinC. take part inD. go with

18. ——Could you please ____ the trash?

——Certainly, Mom.

A. bring outB. take outC. put outD. go out

19. Here are the ingredients. Please ____.

A. mix them upB. mix it upC. mix up themD. mix up it

20. Look at the black clouds. It ____ rain. Let’s hurry.

A. mustB. has toC. shouldD. is going to

21. ——You are a little fat. You have to stop ____ candy.

——No, I ____, but I know I can’t eat ____.

A. eating; don’t have to, too muchB. to eat; haven’t to, much too

C. to eat; don’t have to, too muchD. eating; haven’t to, much too

22. He hopes to be ____ dentist when he ____ up.

A. a, growB. an, growsC. an, growD. a, grows

23. Did you have fun ____ fishing in the countryside?

A. goB. goesC. goingD. to go

24. After ____ the article, we can learn ____ Li Yundi.

A. reading, much fromB. to read, a lot in

C. read, many fromD. reading, many in

25. ——Can you come to help me make salad?

——____.

A. Yes, I’d loveB. Sure, I’d love to

C. Yes, not at allD. No, thanks

初一英语下册重点词语句型语法 篇7

Unit 5 Our School Life

topic1 How do you go to school?

一、重点词语：

1. wake up 醒来，唤醒 get up 起床

2. go to school 去上学 go home 回家

3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming 去跳舞;购物、滑冰;游泳

go doing something 可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。

4. 表示交通方式：

on foot 步行

by boat 坐船 by ship 坐船 by air 乘飞机

by plane 乘飞机 by train 坐火车 by subway 搭乘地铁

by car 坐小汽车 by bus 坐公共汽车 by bike 骑自行车

5. take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地铁;公共汽车;小汽车

6. drive a car to work = go to work by car 驾车去上班

take a bus to work = go to work by bus 乘公共汽车去上班

go to school on foot = walk to school 步行去上学

7. ride a bike / horse 骑自行车;骑马

8. after school / class 放学以后;下课以后

9. play the piano / guitar / violin 弹钢琴;吉他;小提琴

play basketball / soccer / football 打篮球;踢足球;打橄榄球

play computer games 玩电脑游戏

play with a computer 玩电脑

play sports 做运动

10. next to 紧挨着，在…旁边

11. a plan of my school 一幅我们学校的平面图

12. on weekdays 在工作日

at weekends 在周末

13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals 吃早餐;中餐;晚餐;正餐;一日三餐

have classes / lessons / a meeting 上课;上课;开会

14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals 看电视;电影;比赛;动物

read novels / newspapers / books 看小说;报纸;书

15. wash one’s face / clothes 洗脸;衣服

16. 反义词：up – down, early – late近义词：quickly – fast

get up early 早起 be late for 迟到

17. the first / second / third / fourth day 第一;二;三;四天

18. clean the house 打扫房子

19. 表示建筑物(尤其学校建筑物)：

on the playground 在操场

at school / home / table 在学校;家里;桌旁

in a computer room / teachers’ office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen

在电脑室;教师办公室;教学楼;体操馆;图书馆;实验室;食堂

20. around six o’clock = at about six o’clock 大约在六点

21. 频率副词：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always

二、重点句型：

1. It’s time to get up. 该起床的时候了。

It’s time for breakfast. = It’s time to have breakfast = It’s time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了

2. You must go to school early. 你必须早点去上学。(主观因素造成“必须”)

I have to wash my face quickly. 我不得不迅速地洗脸。(客观因素造成“必须”)

3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快乐!也祝你新年快乐!

4. How about you? = What about you? 你怎么样?

5. It tastes good. 它尝起来很好。 It sounds good. 它听起来很好。

6. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.

你通常怎样去上学?我通常骑自行车去上学。

What do you usually do after school? I usually play computer games.

你通常放学做什么?我通常玩电脑游戏。

7. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.

她通常怎样去上班?她通常开车去上班。

What does he usually do after class? He usually reads novels.

他通常下课后做什么?他通常看小说。

8. The early bird catches the worm! 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。

9. Where’s Mr. Zhou going? He’s going to Shanghai. 周先生将要去哪里?他将要去上海。

三、语法学习：复习一般现在时和现在进行时。

一般现在时：

1. 区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。

I am at home.√ I stay at home.√ I am stay at home. × She stay at home. ×

2. 一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式：

Are you at home? Do you stay at home? Does she stay at home?

Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.

I am not at home. I don’t stay at home. She doesn’t stay at home.

3. 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语行为动词的变化。

She plays computer games on Sundays.

She studies English every morning.

She goes to school on weekdays.

She has breakfast at 6:45.

4. 用法：

(1) 表示现在的状况：I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.

(2) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作：I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.

(3) 表示主语具备的性格和能力等：He likes playing basketball. They do the cooking.

现在进行时：

1. 基本句式结构：I am playing with a computer.

2. 现在分词构成法：

go – going play – playing have – having drive – driving

run – running swim – swimming begin – beginning

3. 用法：

(1)表示现在正在进行的动作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。

(2)方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作：I’m going. 我要走了。

四、交际用语：谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。

主要句型：

How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.

I’m riding a bike now.

What’s she doing? She’s dancing.

Do you often go to the library?

Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?

一、重点词语：

1. 学科名词：

政治 语文 数学 英语 历史 地理 生物 音乐 体育 美术

politics Chinese math English history geography biology music P.E. Art

2. 一周七天名词：

星期日 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

3. swimming pool 游泳池

4. listen to music 听音乐 write letters 写信 go roller-skating 滑滑轮

go shopping 去购物 have an English class 上英语课 go to the park 去公园

meet friends 会见朋友 draw pictures 画画 play sports 做运动

watch TV 看电视 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 play soccer 踢足球

work on math problems 解答数学题 take exercises 做运动

learn about the past 学习历史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写

play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同学玩球类游戏

5. be good at = do well in 擅长于… I am good at English. = I do well in English.

6. be different from 与…不同 the same as 与…相同

7. do outdoor activities 进行户外活动

8. every week 每周 each day 每天 three times a week 每周三次

9. 反义词：boring – interesting difficult – easy begin – finish

近义词：difficult – hard

10. care about 关心;担心

11. try to do something 尝试去做某事

12. do one’s best 尽力去做某事 do one’s homework 做家作

13. like doing something = love doing something 喜欢做某事

hate doing something 讨厌做某事

14. noon break 午休

15. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六点半 at seven o’clock = at seven 在七点

at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五点十五分

at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十五分

16. for a little while 就一会儿

17. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生

18. eat out 出去吃

19. get home 到家

二、重点句型：

1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜欢哪个地方?我最喜欢电脑室。

2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你为什么这么想?因为他喜欢睡觉。

4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你经常去图书馆吗?经常。

5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长与足球。

6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的兴趣和他们的不一样。

7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少节课?

8. What time is school over? 什么时候放学?

9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做到最好。

10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 如果我总是尽力，我就不需要担心考试

11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for a little while.

晚餐后，我经常做作业然后看一会儿电视。

三、语法学习：以How，Wh- 开头的疑问句。

疑问词：how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class…

四、交际用语：谈论课程、作息时间、个人爱好及学习生活。

主要句型：

Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.

What’s your favorite subject? Math is.

How often do you…? Every day. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.

Do you like going to…? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

How many lessons do you have every day? We have seven lessons every day..

When do morning classes begin? At 7:20.

topic3 I like the school life here.

一、重点词语：

1. 反义词：first – last , borrow – return / give back end –begin easy—hard

Interesting—boring lost—found

同义词： end—be over , study—learn , of course –certainly/ sure , return –give back

come from—be from (be= am/ is / are )， have class—have lesson

2. 名词单数转化复数：life – lives shelf – shelves leaf – leaves half – halves child--children

名词变成形容词：wonder – wonderful, use – useful, care – careful, beauty - beautiful

interest – interesting, excite – exciting

3. between… and… 在…与…之间

4. school hall 学校大厅

5. Our School Times 《学校时报》

6. Everyday Science 《每日科技》

7. the school life 学校生活

8. most of them 他们大多数

9.wait for – 等待

10 get home 到家

11. and so on 等等

12. on time 按时

13. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你

14. learn…from 向…学习

二、重点句型：

1. Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。

2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice. I like the school life here .

你认为我们学校怎么样?挺好的。我喜欢这儿的学校生活。

3.。 Wait a minute. = Just a minute. 等一等。

4. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你

5. Thank you for your hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作。

6. Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。

7. I read them with great interest. (我读得津津有味)我带着极大的兴趣读它们。

8. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗

9. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? I’m from Australia.

你来自哪里?我来自澳大利亚。

10. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久?两个星期。

11. . Do you have a problem? 你有问题吗?

12. What day is it today ? It’s Wednesday . 今天是星期几? 今天是星期三。

13.What time does the class begin / end ? 几点上课/ 下课?

14.What is your favorite subject ? 你最喜爱的学科是什么(是哪一科) ?

What subject do you teach ? 你教什么学科?(哪一科)

15 How often do you do outdoor activities ? 你多常进行户外活动?

16.How many lessons do you have every week ? 你每周上几节课?

17.Why do don’t you like English ? 你为什么喜欢英语/ 不喜欢英语 ?

Because it’s easy and interesting .因为它既容易又有趣。

Because it’s difficult and boring. 因为它既难又烦人。

18.I don’t like math at all .我一点儿(完全)不喜欢数学。

三、语法学习：There is / are…某处(某时)有某物(某事)

1. 用法：表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西 几种基本句式：

1. There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔。

2. There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有两支笔和一本书。

3. There isn’t a book on the desk. 桌上没有一本书。

4. There aren’t two pens on the desk. 桌上没有两支笔。

5. Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.

桌上有一本书吗?是的，有。/ 不，没有。

6. Are there two pens on the desk? Yes, there are./ No, there aren’t.

桌上有两支笔吗?是的，有。/ 不，没有。

3. 与have的区别：

I have a book. I don’t have a book. Do you have a book? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

She has a book. She doesn’t have a book. Does she have a book? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.

现在进行时的特征：(结构be+ving)

1. Look ! They are playing soccer on the playground.

2. Listen ! He is singing in the classroom.

3. We are having an English class now. (at the moment)

4.It’s seven o’clock in the evening . I am doing my homework.

5. Where is Jim ? (当问答动作时用进行时) He is having lunch in the dining-room.

6.根据上下文提示： What are you doing ? I am reading in the library.

四、交际用语：学习校园生活的一些活动，如采访、借书、找寻失物、制作海报等。

主要句型：

1. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please.

2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice.

3. Can I borrow …? Sure, here you are.

4. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. But you must return it on time.

5. There is / are…

6. Is there a bed in the room? Yes, there is.

7. What are you / they doing ? I (We are) / They are) am reading stories .

8. What is he/ she doing ? He/ She is having a biology class.

Unit 6 Our Local Area

Topic 1 I have a nice house

一、词汇：

1. in front of 在……的前面

2. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信

3. next to 靠近

4. give back归还

5. for a while 一会儿

6. go upstairs 上楼

7. have a look 看一看

8. put away 把……收起来

9. play with a ball 玩球

10. on the second floor 在第二层

11. look after 照顾;照看;照料;保管

二、句型:

1. Why not go upstairs and have a look?

(1) go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼

(2) have a look看

have a look at… 看……

have a walk散步

have a bath洗澡

have a swim游泳

have a talk谈话

have a rest休息

(3) Why not+动词原形…?句型是提建议的一种表达法，形同“Why don’t + 人称代词 + 动词原形上+ …?”。这样的句型常用来启发或建议某人做某事。回答常用Ok, let’s…/All right./That’s a good idea.

2. Please give it back soon.请尽快地把它还给我。

give …back:(=return)归还：代词作宾语时应放在give 和back的中间，如果是名词作宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后面。例如：

give the book back;/give back the book.

give it back / give them back

类似的短语还有put away, put on, try on, take off,

3.Let’s play computer games for a while.让我们玩一会儿电脑吧。

(1) play computer games玩电脑游戏

(2) Let’s …=Let us后接动词原形：让我们……

4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的宠物狗在家里到处玩球。

(1) everywhere=here and there处处;到处

(2) play with 其后接人时，意为“与……玩”

其后接物时，意为“玩(单纯地玩耍)……”

play football, play basketball, play volleyball指技术性较高的运动

5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一个西瓜和许多苹果。

(1) lots of =a lot of 许多的;大量的，用来修饰名词

There are a lot of students in that school. (=many)

There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)

There’s a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)

三、语法：There be句型和Have的区别

类型 There be Have

涵义不同 侧重 “存在关系”，表示“某地或某时间存在某人/某物”，there只是引导词，无意义。

如：There is a boat in the river.河里有一条船。 侧重 “所属关系”，示“属于……所拥有”的东西，第三人称用has。如： I have a nice watch.

我有一块好看的手表。

She has a new computer.

她有一台新电脑。

句型不同 1.肯定式：There is/are+主语+其它。

2.否定式：There is/are+ not+主语+其它。

3.疑问式：--Is/Are there+主语+其它?

--Yes, there is/are.

--No, there isnt/arent 1.肯定式：主语+have/has+其它。

2.否定式：a)主语+dont/doesnt have+其它;

b)主语+havent/hasnt+其它。

3.疑问式：a)--Do/does+主语+have+其它?

--Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+dont/doesnt.

b)--Have/Has+主语+其它?--Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+havent/hasnt.

主谓一致不同 1.There is +单数主语/不可数主语…如：

There is some milk in hte bottle.

There is a hat on the desk.

2.There are+复数主语…如：There are some flowers in the basket.

3.There is +单数主语+and+复数主语…如： There is a mouse and two pens on the deak.

4.There are+复数主语+and+单数主语…如：There are two pens and a mouseon the desk. 1.主语(第三人称单数)+has+…如：

She has many new clothes.

Tom has a nice feather.

2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+…如:You have some good firends but they have few.

划线提问不同 1.对主语提问一律用“Whats+某地/某时?”结构，其中谓语动词须用is，且there要省略。如：There are some pictures on the wall.---Whats on the wall?

2.对地点提问要用“Where is/are there…?”如：There is a black car under the tree.--Where is there a black car?

3.对主语的数量提问要用“How many+主语(复数)+are there…?/How much+主语(不可数)+is there…?”

如： Therere three people in my family. --How many people are there in your family?

Theres some rice in the bag.

---How much rice is there in the bag? 1.对主语提问要用“Who/has/have+…?”如： Mary has a sweater.--Who has a sweater?

We have new brooms.--Who hsve new brooms?

2.对宾语提问要用“What have/has+主语?/What do does+主语+have…?”如： My father has a big farm .

What has your father?/

What does your father have?

3.对宾语的数量提问用“How many+复数名词+have/has+主语?/How much+不可数名词+have/has+主语?”或“How many +复数名词+do/does+主语+have?/How much+不可数名词+do/does+主语+have?”

如：I have two pictures.

--How many pictures do you have?/How many pictures have you?

注意 there be结构在改为否定或疑问句时，一般将some改为any.

如：There are some dishes on the desk.

--There arent any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the desk? have 句型在改为否定句时，也应将 some 改为 any.

如： She has some fruit.

--She hasnt/doesnt have any fruit./Has she any fruit?/Does she have any fruit?

注：在表示 “附属于某物/某处的东西”时，there be结构与have句型都可以用。如：

There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows.

The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.

Topic 2 I am your new neighbor.

一、词汇：

1. look for寻找

2. a parking lot停车场

3. at the street corner在街道的拐角

4. play the piano弹钢琴

5. knock at(the door)敲(门)

6. hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事

7. at the end of 在……的尽头;在……的末尾

8. in the suburbs在郊外;在郊区

9. according to按照

二、句型:

1. What’s your home like?你的家什么样?

like用作动词时意为“喜欢”，用作介词时意为“像……”，常用短语：be like, look like

2. I’m looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家杂货店。

look for 寻找。强调寻找的动作;

find找到，发现。强调结果;

find out着重指通过分析、调查等弄清或杳明一件事情

Are you looking for your pen? Yes, I am.你在找你的钢笔吗?是的。

Can you help me find my bike?你能帮我找到自行车吗?

Please find out who broke the window.请找出是谁把窗户打破的?

3.There is one in front of our building.我们的楼前有一家(杂货店)。

in front of 在……的前面(在范围之外的前面)

in the front of在……的前面(在范围内的前面)

There is a tree in front of the classroom..教室前面有一棵树。(树在教室外)

The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老师站在教室的前面。(老师在教室里)

4.What’s the matter?怎么了?(出什么事了?)

类似的表达法还有：What’s up?/What’s wrong?/What’s going on?

5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人们喜欢住带有草坪和花园的房子。

enjoy doing sth.喜欢、享受做某事。Enjoy后接名词或动词的ing形式，如：

He enjoys reading novels.他喜欢读小说。

6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我听见你弹钢琴很动听。

hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。如：.

I hear them singing songs in the next room.我听到他们正在隔壁房间唱歌。

7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂，我是王太太。

电话用语，不用I和you, 而用this和that。如：

This is Mary (speaking).我是玛丽。

Who’s that (speaking)?你是谁?

8. The kitchen fan doesn’t work.厨房的排气扇不工作了。

work进行顺利，起作用，(机器)正常运转

如：My clock doesn’t work.我的钟不走了。

Topic 3 Is there a supermarket around here?

一、词汇：

1. thousands of成千上万的

2. a public phone公用电话

3. get to到达

4. the way to the station去车站的路

5. be far from远离……

6. traffic lights交通灯

7. across from在(街，路等)的对面

8. between…and…在……和……之间

9. the information desk咨询处

10. on the left在左边;on the right在右边

二、句型:

1. Excuse me, how can I get to the library?劳驾，去图书馆怎么走?

2. Turn right at the second turn.在第二个拐弯处向右拐。

(1) turn right(left)= turn to the right (left)向右(左)拐

(2) turn (turning)名词，拐弯处

at the first turning在第一个拐弯处

(3) Turn right at the second turn. =Take the second turning on the right.

3. Thank you anyway.仍然(还是)要谢谢你。类似的还有：

Thank you all the same./Thank you anyhow.

4. You need to take No. 718 bus here.你需要乘718路公共汽车。

need作行为动词时，意为“需要，需求”，有人称、数和时态的变化。need to do sth. 需要做某事，如：You need to have a good rest.你需要好好休息。

need还可作情态动词，意为“必要，需要”，后接动词原形，常用作否定形式needn’t，意为“不必”，如：You needn’t drive so fast.你不必开得这么快。

5. Every year thousands of people get hurt or die in road accidents.每年成千上万的人在交通事故中受伤或死亡。

hundred和thousand等表示数目的词前如果有确切的数字，这些词不用复数形式，后面直接跟名词;如果本身表示模糊的概念，这些词用复数且后跟of才能再接名词，如：two hundred books两百本书hundreds of books成百上千本书

five thousand trees五千棵树thousands of trees 成千上万棵树

6. If everyone obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.如果人人都遵守交通规则的话，道路交通就会变得更加安全。

(1) much safer安全得多 much用在比较级前，强调程度。类似的还有a little等。

The earth is much bigger the moon.地球比月亮大得多。

Are you feeling much better today?你今天觉得好点了吗?

Tom is a little taller than his mother.汤姆比他妈妈高一点儿。

(2) if 连词，意为“如果，假如”

If you are hungry ,you can buy some food in the shop.如果你饿了，你可以在店里买点食物。

If he comes , I will tell you .如果他来了，我就告诉你。

三、语言点：

1. 英语中常见的问路方法有:

(1) Is there a … near here?

(2) Where is the … ,please ?

(3) Do you know the way to… ,please?

(4) Which is the way to … ,please?

(5) How can I get to …?

(6) Can you tell me the way to…?

(7) Can you find the way to …?

(8) I want to go to… .Do you know the way?

2. 英语中常见的指路方法有:

It’s over there .

It’s next to the …

It’s across from…

It’s behind the …

It’s between … and … .

Walk/Go along this street.

It’s about …meters from here.

Take the first turning on the left.

Walk on and turn right.

四、形容词比较级的构成:

绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如:

poor tall great glad bad

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变 化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。

规则变化如下:

1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。

great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级)

2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。

wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级)

3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。

clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)

4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构 成.

happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)

5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字 母然后再加 -er和-est。

big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级)

6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。

beautiful (原级) difficult (原级)

more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)

most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:

原级比较级 最高级

goodbetter best

manymore most

muchmore most

bad worse worst

littleless least

ill worse worst

far farther(further) farthest(furthest)

Unit 7 The Birthday Party

Topic1 Can you dance?

一、词汇：

1. Happy Birthday!生日快乐!

2. take photos拍照

3. work out作出，解决

4. how about/what about如何，怎样

5. fly kites放风筝

6. row a boat划船

7. perform ballet ]表演芭蕾舞

8. dance the disco跳迪斯科

9. make model planes做飞机模型

10. draw pictures画画

11. show sb. sth.给某人看某物

12. two years ago两年前

13. be in hospital(生病)住院

二、句型:

1. What are you going to perform at Kangkang’s birthday party?你打算在康康的生日晚会上表演什么?

“be going to+动词原形”的句型常用来表示打算、准备做某事或即将发生或肯定要发生某事，be是助动词，有人称和数的变化，如：

He is going to have a swim this afternoon.

2. What about /How about +名词、代词或动名词，意为“……怎么样?”常用来表示对……的看法，或表示建议、询问的方式，如：

How/What about sitting here to look at the moon?坐在这儿赏月怎么样?

3. I only can sing English songs.我只会唱英文歌曲。(情态动词can的用法)

They couldn’t sing any English songs two years ago.两年前他们不会唱英文歌曲。

一段时间+ago：表示在……时间以前，如：three months ago三个月以前

4.What will you buy for Kangkang as a birthday present?你要给康康买什么礼物?