奥巴马就职演讲观后感(精选8篇)
为了我们,他们打点起贫寒的行装上路,远涉重洋,追求新生活。
为了我们,他们在血汗工厂劳作,在西部原野拓荒,忍着鞭笞之痛在坚硬的土地上耕耘。
为了我们,他们奔赴疆场,英勇捐躯,长眠于康科德、葛底斯堡、诺曼底和溪山。为了我们能够过上更好的生活,他们前赴后继,历尽艰辛,全力奉献,不辞劳苦,直至双手结起层层老茧。他们看到的美国超越了我们每一个人的雄心壮志,也超越了所有种族、财富或派系的差异。
今天,作为后来者,我们踏上了这一未竟的旅程。我们依然是地球上最繁荣、最强大的国家。我们的劳动者的创造力并没有因为眼前的这场危机而减弱。我们的头脑依然像以往那样善于发明创新。我们的产品与服务仍旧像上星期、上个月或去年一样受人欢迎。我们的能力丝毫无损。但是,维持现状、保护狭隘的利益集团、推迟困难的抉择的时代无疑已成为过去。从今天起,我们必须振作起来,扫除我们身上的尘土,重新开启再造美国的事业。
多么鼓舞人心的演讲!
第一次看美国总统就职典礼直播,以前没看过,以前也不关心。就象我的一个朋友说的,以前也不管这些,只注意自己身边的事,现在炒股了,又是金融危机,所以比较关心国家大事,原来世界还是比较精彩,能够丰富自己的生活。我也是这样,于是就抱着好玩的心理看一看美国总统的就职典礼。
看美国就职典礼,感觉奥巴马确实象一个明星,很酷。但昨天有点紧张,也许就是这样子,严肃认真,只是宣誓时有口误,才露出玩皮的笑。倒是他夫人显得很大气,从出来到结束整个过程神定气闲。很佩服奥巴马的演讲,我英文听不懂,只能感觉其声音,感觉没有选举胜利时的演讲好,但这么长,脱稿,连贯,节奏感强,不经过特殊的训练确实难办到。但不管怎样,能感觉到他的激情和诚恳。也许这正是打动这么多人的地方。民众的热情难以想象。有这么热情的听众提前到场,等了这么长的时间,又是这么冷的天气。据说有四百万人之多,比最近一次滚石乐队演出还人多,但不管怎样,从这些人的眼中可以看出,人们对奥巴马的希望和喜爱,他们在听一个总统讲话,更象在听一个邻家大哥哥在表演那样,这也
是我百思不得其解的地方。就职典礼说是典礼,更象一个家庭聚会,只不过是个超级聚会。来的人都是一家一家的,拖家带口的,电视上看见有一个可能不到一岁的小孩被他爸爸抱着也来参加典礼。当然,奥巴马一家人也来了,他女儿很漂亮,也很兴奋。每个人都很个性,包括三位前总统,不像我们这边的典礼,在主席台按位子坐好,面无表情,别说是带小孩啦。总之,感觉其国典礼不象我们的典礼形式,我们显得庄重严肃,他们显得随意亲和。
在他的演讲中毫不掩饰的表达了对家庭成员的挚爱,对选民们参与方式所做的种种努力而表达的诚挚谢意,对竞选对手麦凯恩所做出成绩表示了赞叹,对那些没有投给他票的人们,也表达了自己诚恳的看法,并从一位106岁的高龄选民妇女,引申了她所见证的美国历史,谈到了共和党和民主党之间的关系,同时也阐明了他们将要面对的种种困难和挑战,表明了他们战胜困难的勇气和决心。从他的演讲中,我看到的是一位率真,诚恳,有才识也略带霸气的奥巴马,一位愿意与美国民众齐心协力,谦恭听取民众心声,并与共和党风雨同舟,以“美国恢复繁荣发展,推进和平事业”的奥巴马,一位以“民主、自由、机会和不屈的希望”为信念来引领世界和平与安全的奥巴马。巴马能够广得人心,博得广大民众的推崇和喜爱,其个人魅力深深地吸引着每一位美国民众,主要还是其个人能力,个人意愿符合美国人民的根本利益,或许他是下一个林肯,下一个罗斯福,全世界人民期待着他能够领导美国人民再创辉煌。
通过奥巴马的演讲,让我了解了美国的民主选举,原来民众可以公开筹集资金来“拉取”选票,这让我想起了我们国家的选举制度。我国的选举是通过人民代表大会来完成的。因为从来没有当过什么人民代表,所以从真正意义上来说是没有真正参与过国家的大事,当然小小的代表还是当过滴,譬如;单位的职大会代表,可是仅仅因为没有按照学校领导的意愿行事,我行我素的公开串票反对领导推举的某某人,结果尽管他的票在后选人中得票率最低,但最终还是因为等额选举已经超过了半数而“光荣”当选。而我的“代表”资格,则在下一轮当中莫名的消失了,而且永远在也没有参加过“职代会”。嘻嘻,是不是有点丢人啊。
不过这对我丝毫没有影响,以后再遇上类似的选举,差额举时我全选部圈上,相当废票,或者当个人情把不认识的人叉掉,遇上什么居委会或街道的什么选举,就干脆懒得动笔,自动放弃。之所以这样,是不愿意参加这些毫无意义的事情。当然尽管没有参加过“人代会”和“党代会”,不清楚里面的选举流程,可是咱们作为民主党派人士,还是参加过党派领导的选举,咳,怎么说呢,反正就是那么回事吧。
另外,从奥巴马的演讲当中,也让我感受到中西文化的不同,这么庄重的演讲,可奥巴马的出场让我感觉不像政要人物出场,而象明星出场,而他的演讲涉足的内容也很丰富,既表达了对家人的情感,也表达了对选民的谢意,既谈到了美国金融危机带来的严峻,表达了对民众生活的担忧,又以极强的魄力表达了新政府的坚定信心。他还从美国历史谈到当今的现实,从共和党谈到民主党,从美国谈到世界,林林总总,方方面面,无不涉及。
奥巴马的当选,推翻了种族歧视,奥巴马的演讲,让我看到了美国的新政,我只希望,奥巴马的新政不在充当“世界警察”的角色,而是一位“和平天使”,能立志与把世界建成一个和谐的“地球村”而努力。小奥的胜利,再次透射出伟人毛泽东的伟大政治战略思想,那就是“农村包围城市”。“我们的竞选活动并非诞生于华盛顿的高门华第之内,而是始于得梅因、康科德、查尔斯顿这些地方的普通民众家中。”
赢得年轻人的支持,是他胜利的重要原因,所以永远不能低估年轻一代的力量。“让我们抵制重走老路的诱惑,避免重新回到令美国政治长期深受毒害的党派纷争和由此引发的遗憾和不成熟表现。”虽然党派纷争永远不可能结束,但作为领导人,依然希望能团结一切可以团结的力量。
“感谢你们。上帝保佑你们。愿上帝保佑美利坚合众国。”那就感谢上帝吧。
有时候想想,有个上帝也真不是坏事,因为所有的坏人和好人、任何国家的本国人和外国人,做了好事可以找他来奖励,做了坏事找他来惩罚,到了他那里,谁也不必争执了,一切都变的和谐了。
计算机科学系
2008级本一
韩礼德与哈桑于1976年在《英语的衔接》中正式提出衔接理论, 指出衔接是语篇中一个成分和对解释它起作用的其他成分之间的语义联系。并将衔接手段分为五类, 照应、替代、省略、连接及词汇衔接。多种衔接手段共同作用, 将语篇连接为一个整体。
而历届美国总统通过其就职演说, 一方面表明自己的政见和立场, 另一方面, 带动听众情绪, 引导教育人民。为了取得良好效果, 演说稿常字字斟酌, 力求字字珠玑, 以打动人心。因此就职演说词常逻辑缜密, 语言生动, 结构流畅。本文主要借鉴韩礼德和哈桑衔接理论中词汇衔接手段, 以奥巴马就职演讲为例, 探析词汇衔接手段在英汉互译中的运用。
二、词汇衔接的手段
词汇衔接指篇章中的词汇之间存在着语义上的联系。根据韩礼德和哈桑的衔接理论, 英语语篇中词汇衔接关系分为两大类:复现关系和同现关系。
1. 复现
词汇的复现关系并不仅仅指词汇在句中的重复, 还指某一个词以其同义词、近义词、上下义词、概括词的形式重复出现在语篇中。从而实现语义上的衔接, 连句成篇。例:
Our journey is not complete until our wives…
Our journey is not complete until our gay brothers and sisters…
Our journey is not complete until no citizen is…
Our journey is not complete until we find a better way to…
Our journey is not complete until all our children…
奥巴马重复使用our journey is not…until…这一句型, 使语篇结构紧凑, 节奏明快, 具有号召力。同时也强调了自己的责任, 达到了突出主题、增强感染力的效果。
“But we are also heirs to those who won the peace and not just the war, who turned sworn enemies into the surest of friends”
译文:但我们也是那些赢得和平而不只是战争的人们的后代, 他们将仇敌转变成最可靠的朋友。
该句中peace和war;enemies和friends相对, 使所在的句子上下衔接, 告知听众“我们的祖先”是为了和平而战争, 他们拥有将敌人转变为朋友的能力, 两者对比, 增强了语言的表现力, 给听众留下深刻印象。
2. 同现
同现关系指在语篇中, 各个词项在语义上相互搭配, 构成语篇。例:
“We must harness new ideas and technology to remake our government, revamp our tax code, reform our schools, and empower our citizens with the skills they need to work harder”
译文:我们必须应用新理念和新技术重塑我们的政府, 改进我们的税法, 改革我们的学校, 让我们的公民拥有他们所需要的技能, 更加努力地工作, 学更多的知识, 向更高处发展。
词语之间的搭配可以联系语意, 衔接语篇, 给人一气呵成的感觉。使用remake, revamp, reform, empower几个动词, 通过变换动词搭配, 能消除疲劳感, 带动听众。汉语译文中也运用了相应不同的动词, 语句间衔接自然生动。
3. 词汇衔接手段小结
我们对上述两类词汇衔接手段的使用情况进行了一个统计, 得出下表:
结论
本次研究发现:就总统就职演讲稿而言, 英汉两种语言所使用的词汇衔接手段大体相同。但英语重“形合”, 强调形式和功能;汉语重“意合”, 强调意义和功能, 因此英汉语篇在各种衔接手段上的使用频率仍存在着差异。这一差异在词汇重复上尤为明显。英语语篇中不会经常重复使用某一词汇, 而是常用同义词、近义词等衔接手段。而汉语语篇常重复使用原词, 以加强语气, 帮助读者理解文章。
认识到英汉语篇衔接中不同特点, 将有助于我们提高英语翻译及写作能力。但由于篇幅和作者能力所限, 本研究尚有不足之处, 尚待更深入研究。
参考文献
[1]Halliday.M.A.K.&Hasan:Cohesion in English[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2001.
[2]Hoey.M.Patterns of Lexis in Text[M].London:Oxford University Press, 1991.
[3]胡壮麟.语篇的衔接与连贯[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1994.
关键词:文体学 演讲 词汇 语法
1 概述
文体学是用语言方法研究文体风格的学问。它以语言学的方法为工具对文学语篇进行描述和解释[1]。文体是指说话或写作的格调,它随时变化,由具体情景、对象、地点、话题等因素而定[2]。对文体的定义有很多种,简单可靠的定义是:文体是一个语篇的语言特征。任何实际可行的文体分析都必须选择一些语言特征,同时放弃其他语言特征。要分析的语言特征是那些被称为文体标记(style marker)的突出文体特征。一般来说文体特征分四类:词汇类、语法类、修辞手段、衔接和语境[3]。
根据演讲活动的性质和特点的不同,演讲从内容上分为:政治、经济、学术、道德、法律、宗教和军事演讲等。本文主要分析政治演讲。政治演讲,是指各阶段、政党或个人对国家内政事务和对外关系,表明立场,阐明观点、宣扬主张的一种演讲。如竞选演讲、施政演讲、政治集会演讲等。政治演讲的特点为:①观点鲜明;②逻辑严谨;③鼓动性强。本文选取2013年奥巴马连任就职的演讲词作为分析对象,主要从词汇和句法两个方面进行文体分析。以力求了解本文的文体特征,更好地理解政治演讲的特点。
2 文体学分析
2.1 词汇层面
按照二元论的分析方法,分析词汇主要是看词汇是否正式,词汇的难易程度,单音节与多音节的数量,抽象名词与具体名词的数量,词汇中描述动作的动词与渲染性的形容词的数量等等。然后再计算这些词汇的出现频率。
第一个词汇特征是此文难度指数属于容易类。由于书面语是演讲的特征之一,因此,一般来说其词汇相对较复杂,在奥巴马的演讲词中,全文的总字数是2103个,其中难词有8个,即三个音节以上的词(不含专有名词和因语态、时态和数而演变来的派生词),只占全文总词汇的0.38%,其原因是要让来自各个阶层,有着不同文化程度的听众都能听懂、理解。虽然难词不多,其语言仍能显示出正式和庄重;本文运用The Gunning Fog index指数公式,来计算文章语言内容的难度指数,公式为(fog index)=0.4(H+L)其中,L=句子的平均长度;H=难懂的词的百分比。得出本演讲的难度指数=0.4(8/2103+23.8)=9.52。由迷雾指数原理得出难度指数在10左右的语篇属于容易类。所以,尽管本文语篇较长,但就其难度指数为9.52<10来说,这篇演讲从理解难易程度来看属于容易类。
另一个词汇特征是本文使用了大量的第一人称代词。此演讲中三种人称代词都有所涉及,但第一人称代词的使用相对较多,其人称代词的使用情况如表1。
表1
■
在这篇演讲中,奥巴马主要运用了第一人称代词,主要是为了方便于表达自己的观点和整体的概念。所用的169个第一人称代词中we(67个)、our(75个)、us(20个)、I(3个)、my(3个)、ourselves(1个)。在此文中奥巴马多次运用we和our增强了对美国国民集体身份的反复强化,加深了全民的共识,同时,演讲者通过带有倾向性或暗示性的语句向听众施加某种信仰和情感来激起感情并最终促使他们产生行动,演讲中的感情示现增进了美国民众对奥巴马政府的信赖,旨在为奥巴马政府争取更多的民意支持,实现了民族感情的集体共鸣。这种对感情的诉诸表达了作者对美国未来的憧憬之情和对美国历史的缅怀之意,号召美国同胞拥抱与生俱来的永恒权利,珍爱未知的自由未来,激起美国公众同舟共济、珍惜自由之心,让全国人民以更大的决心取得永恒的胜利。
在这篇演讲词中,奥巴马大量的使用了情态动词,如表2所示:
表2
■
表3对出现较多的情态动词进行分析:
由表3可以看出,本文多使用情态动词will、would(与will属同类)和must占情态动词总数的67.8%。奥巴马多次使用语气较为温和、态度较为客观的will和would,主要是为了能够在表达自我政治主张的主观意志和意愿时获得听众的接受与支持。奥巴马多次使用语气坚定的must,是为了表达对自己过去政绩的自信和对自己威信的把握,同时也表明了他在施政策略方面坚定的态度和果敢的手段。
2.2 句法层面
句子长度及结构
依据句子长度,句子有长句和短句两种,短句是使用词语少,形体短,结构简单的句子,其特点是表意灵活,简洁明快,节奏感强;长句则与短句相反,表意严密,内容丰富,精确细致。英语中平均句子长度为18.6个单词,该演讲的句长如表4:
由表4可以看出:第一,该演讲词句子较长,平均句长23.8个单词高出了为数18.6个单词的英语平均句。第二,该演讲词主要使用了长句表达,即大于17.6个单词的句子比例超过了一半。长句因其用词较多,表达的内容较为丰富,也使文体效果显得庄重。
句子类型分析
按句子的功能特点,可以讲其分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四种。奥巴马的演讲中共有87个句子,陈述句有85句,比例是97.7%,几乎全部使用陈述句来表达。他以平衡的语调陈述了事实,表达了观点,同时奥巴马使用陈述句表达了美国的政治、经济及外交方面的观点。
句子语态分析
英语中句子可分为主动语态和被动语态两种,被动语态的构成为be+动词的过去分词。被动语态用于:①不知道或者没必要提到动作的执行者时;②强调或者突出动作的承受者时;③调整句子结构时[4]。奥巴马此篇演讲的语态使用中有15个被动态,分别为:
①All men are created equal.
②They are endowed by their Creator.
③Freedom must be secured by His people.
④Through blood drawn by lash and drawn by sword.
⑤All societys ills can be cured through government alone is the fiction.
⑥This generation of Americans has been tested by crises.
⑦We are made for this moment.
⑧Twilight years were spent in poverty.
⑨We dont believe that freedom is reserved for the lucky.
⑩That all of us are created equal.
■Our gay are treated like anyone else under the law.
■We are truly created equal.
■No citizen is forced to wait for hours to exercise the right to vote.
■Bright young students and engineers are enlisted in our workforce.
■Our children are cared for and cherished.
奥巴马在演讲的87个句子中巧妙的运用了15个具有独特语法功能的被动语态。由以上被动态总结,我们可将①、②、③、⑦、⑩、■归为一类,都是美国传统中不言而明的事物理论,如上帝创造人类,故而属于被动语态的第一种情况,不用特意强调动作的执行者。剩下的④、⑤、⑥、⑧、⑨、■、■、■、■归为一类,用来形容美国过去的遭遇、未来法案的确立方向和切实可行的计划,属于被动语态的第二种情况,强调所受遭遇的主人公和确立法案所需保护的对象,突出动作的承受者。强调了施政方针,树立了作为连任总统的个人的决断力与执政力,是总统诉诸人格权威的有效手段。
3 总结
该演讲时长为18分44秒,掌声和欢呼不断响起,是因为他的演讲内容贴合了民众的实情,并做出了切实可行的计划。总之奥巴马的连任演说词能够做到鼓动民众之心,完成对自己决心的表决,回顾美国的历史,展望美国的未来,计划美国的当下,作为政治演说达到了与听众建立良好人际关系,具有说服力、吸引力和鼓动性的目的。
参考文献:
[1]刘世生,朱瑞青.第二次印刷《文体学概论》[M].北京大学出版社.2007年6月.
[2]王宗炎.英汉教学语言学词典[M].湖南教育出版社.1990.
[3]成亚君.林肯葛底斯堡演讲词文体分析[J].外语教学理论与实践,2011(4).
[4]徐贺艳,成亚君.比尔盖茨在清华大学的演讲文体分析[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2012年4月第12卷第2期.
[5]史菲菲,周晓凤.奥巴马连任就职演说的公众交际性分析[J].长春师范学院学报,2013(5).
基金项目:
本文系锦州市2013年社会科学重点研究课题《基于西方修辞学辩论理论的英语议论文话语策略分析》的部分研究成果。
作者简介:
I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.今天我站在这里,为眼前的重责大任感到谦卑,对各位的信任心怀感激,对先贤的牺牲铭记在心。我要谢谢布什总统为这个国家的服务,也感 谢他在政权转移期间的宽厚和配合。
Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.四十四位美国人发表过总统就职誓言,这些誓词或是在繁荣富强及和平宁静之际发表,或是在乌云密布,时局动荡之时。在艰困的时候,美国 能箕裘相继,不仅因为居高位者有能力或愿景,也因为人民持续对先人的抱负有信心,也忠于创建我国的法统。
So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.因此,美国才能承继下来。因此,这一代美国人必须承继下去。
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.现在大家都知道我们正置身危机核心,我国正处于对抗深远暴力和憎恨的战争。我们的经济元气大伤,是某些人贪婪且不负责任的后果,也是 大众未能做出艰难的选择,为国家进入新时代做淮备所致。许多人失去房子,丢了工作,生意垮了。我们的医疗照护太昂贵,学校教育辜负了 许多人。每天都有更多证据显示,我们利用能源的方式壮大我们的对敌,威胁我们的星球。
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our landthey will be met.今天我要告诉各位,我们面临的挑战是真的,挑战非常严重,且不在少数。它们不是可以轻易,或在短时间内解决。但是,美国要了解,这些 挑战会被解决。
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.在这一天,我们聚在一起,因为我们选择希望而非恐惧,有意义的团结而非纷争和不合。
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.在这一天,我们来此宣示,那些无用的抱怨和虚伪的承诺已终结,那些扭曲我们政治已久的相互指控和陈旧教条已终结。
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.我们仍是个年轻的国家,但借用圣经的话,摆脱幼稚事物的时刻到来了,重申我们坚忍精神的时刻到来了,选择我们更好的历史,实践那种代 代传承的珍贵权利,那种高贵的理念:就是上帝的应许,我们每个人都是平等的,每个人都是自由的,每个人都应该有机会追求全然的幸福。
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the faint-heartedsome celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.再次肯定我们国家的伟大,我们了解伟大绝非赐予而来,必须努力达成。我们的旅程从来就不是抄捷径或很容易就满足。这条路一直都不是给 不勇敢的人走的,那些偏好逸乐胜过工作,或者只想追求名利就满足的人。恰恰相反,走这条路的始终是勇于冒险的人,做事的人,成事的人,其中有些人很出名,但更常见的是在各自岗位上的男男女女无名英雄,在这条漫长崎区的道路上支撑我们,迈向繁荣与自由。
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.为了我们,他们携带很少的家当,远渡重洋,追寻新生活。
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.为了我们,他们胼手胝足,在西部安顿下来;忍受风吹雨打,筚路蓝缕。
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sanh.为了我们,他们奋斗不懈,在康科特和盖茨堡,诺曼地和溪山等地葬身。
Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.前人不断的奋斗与牺牲,直到双手皮开肉绽,我们才能享有比较好的生活。他们将美国视为大于所有个人企图心总和的整体,超越出身、财富 或小圈圈的差异。
This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisionsnot only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.And all this we will do.我们无论朝何处望去,都有工作必须完成。经济情势需要大胆、迅速的行动,我们将有所行动,不光是创造新工作,更要奠定成长的新基础。我们将造桥铺路,为企业兴建电力网格与数位线路,将我们联系在一起。我们将让科学回归合适的用途,运用科技的奇迹来提高医疗品质并降 低费用。我们将利用太阳能、风力和土壤作为汽车的燃料和工厂的能源。我们将让中小学及大专院校转型,因应新时代的需要。这些我们可以 作到。我们也将会作到
适应角色转变,扎实开展团的工作
———共青团铁东区委书记的述职报告
2011年是适应角色转变、思想进一步成熟的一年。这一年,自己能够坚持正确的政治方向,紧紧围绕党的中心,立足本职岗位,较好地完成本线的工作任务。自己政治觉悟、理论水平、思想素质、工作作风等各方面有了明显的进步和提高。总的来说,收获很大,感触颇深。
一、以德为先,进一步提升个人思想素质
过去的一年,我以一个共产党员的标准,以一个团干部的标准严格要求自己,在个人的道德修养、党性锻炼、思想素质上有了很大的进步。一是道德修养进一步提高。作为一个团干部,我的一言一行、我的自身形象将直接影响到团委各成员,甚至更广大的青少年。因此,在日常的工作和生活中,我每时每刻提醒自己,从小事做起,注重细节问题,做到干净做人、公正做事,以平常心看待自己的工作,要求自己在工作中诚实、守信、廉洁、自律,起好表率作用。二是党性锻炼得到不断加强。不断加强自己的党性锻炼,我严格按照《党章》和《中国共产党党员纪律处分条例》来要求和约束自己的行为,牢记党的宗旨,在团的工作中,以广大青少年的权益为出发点,务求时效。三是政治思想素质不断提高。一年来,我继续加强学习,积极参加理论中心组学习,经常自发利用休息时间学习,积极参加团省委组织赴井冈山革命传统与理想信念教育专题培训班、区委区政府组织赴清华大学县域经济培训班,通过“看、听、学、思”,进一步加深了对马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想的理解,进一步系统掌握了党在农村的路线、方针、政策以及对共青团工作的要求。特别是党的十七届六中全会以来,我通过学习原文、听专家讲课等,开拓了思想新境界,政治思想素质有了新的飞跃。
二、以能为先,进一步加强组织工作能力
在上级领导的信任和支持下,我本人也自加压力,抓住一切机会学习,注重与同事、与兄弟单位团委书记的交流,虚心请教,不耻下问,使各项工作都有序地开展。一是工作的统筹安排能力不断加强。我尽量做到工作提前一步,有计划、有安排、有预见性,保持思路清晰和决策的科学,力求操作有序,顺利开展。二是工作的协调能力不断加强。在工作中,我注重与上级的及时衔接、汇报,同时也注重与基层的交流沟通,听取多方意见和建议,从大局出发,对上做好配合,对下做好团结。三是有创新地开展工作。在工作中,我注重不断创新,使工作保持生机,使管理不断趋向人性化、合理化。
三、以勤为先,进一步提高团的业务水平
担任团委书记以来,认真了解情况、掌握知识,积极向团委领导、向前任书记学习、请教,了解团情、团史,努力掌握团的基本运作方式程序,便于更好地开展工作。加强沟通了解,增加感情,深入基层,了解基层团组织和团员青年的有关情况,以“活动”来强化自己的知识和水平。一年来,我立足以活动来促使自己尽快适应角色,迎接挑战。今年五四,团区委以全区人居环境整治为依托,以“五四火炬传承九十二载生生不息,铁东青年投入人居环境立志强区”为引领,积极开展了“共青团路,红领巾街”,“铁东青年林”等一系列活动。在活动中,增长了知识,深化了理解,使自己对团务工作有了全面的、系统的提高,为今后更好地提高团的业务水平打下了坚实的基础。
四、以绩为先,进一步完善团的组织建设
把《关于进一步深化“党建带团建”工作的实施意见》落到实处,把党的要求贯彻落实到团的建设中去,使团的建设纳入党的建设的总体规划。依托党建,从政策层面来解决和落实基层团组织存在的问题和困难。一是基层团干部的待遇问题。积极争取党组织在团干部配备上的重视和支持,基层团干“转业”得到了很好的安排(叶赫的荣威,住建局遇良,卫生局王国宴等);二是解决好基层团组织活动的经费问题。积极争取专项,今年为每个乡镇街道从团省委争取经费三千元,共计三万六千元;三是团的基层组织格局创新工作。按照“1+4+N”模式,通过换届调整选配了大批乡镇(街道)团干部,变原有的“团干部兼职”模式为现在的“兼职团干部”模式,提升了基层团组织的凝聚力和战斗力。此次工作得到了团市委的充分认可,2011年四平市组织部班工作会议在我区召开。
以服务青年需求为目的,从单一组织青年开展活动转到生产环节,开展就业培训、创业交流、贫富结对;以服务党政中心为目的,发挥团组织自身优势,引导青年树立市场意识和投资意识,强化科技意识和参与意识,投身知识化、信息化和现代化、文明创建、环境整治、植绿护绿、社会治安等活动,把党政思路实践好。突出做好当前新兴的农村、社区和非公经济组织建团工作,延长团的工作手臂,丰富团的组织形式。先后与农联社、吉林银行等多家金融机构积极协调,为青年创业就业提供帮扶支持。特别是吉林银行的“吉青时代”小额贷款项目更得到团省委的无偿贴息。
五、以廉为先,进一步保持清正廉明形象
作为新任职的年轻干部、党员干部,我既感受到了组织的信任与关怀,同时也感受到了责任重大。我区在党委和政府的带领下,励精图治、奋发图强,取得了辉煌的成绩。越是这种时候,就越需要我们这些干部保持清醒的头脑,保持共产党员的先进本色。深知,作为一级干部,应该努力做到“清正廉洁”。古人说“物必自腐而虫生”,腐败现象表现上看来是经济问题、道德问题,但深层次的原因却是理想信念出了问题。要不断加强实践锻炼,要结合党的历史经验、改革开放和社会主义建设的实践以及自己的工作和思想实际,来刻苦磨炼自己。勇于剖析自己,积极开展自我批评,净化自己的灵魂。不断增强拒腐防变意识。在思想上、在行动上、生活中争作表率。在团区委开展“争做勤廉表率,竭诚服务青年”主题教育,召开机关党风廉政建设宣传教育活动动员会,全面启动党风廉政建设宣教活动。按照学习贯彻区委、区纪委关于党风廉政建设和反腐败工作的部署和要求,学习党的十七届六中精神,强化组织领导,制定工作计划。我们根据2011年党风廉政建设责任制考评要求,为了做好党风廉政建设和反腐败工作,成立了团区委党风廉政建设领导小组,并由我任组长。按照“一岗双责”的责任要求,明确了单位正职领导作为第一责任人,每年约谈团干部一次,就有关廉洁从政个人“不准”和“禁止”行为适时对所管的团干部进行廉政谈话。
barack obama’s inaugural address
my fellow citizens:
i stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. i thank president bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.
forty-four americans have now taken the presidential oath. the words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. at these moments, america has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because we the people have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.
so it has been. so it must be with this generation of americans.
that we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.
these are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land - a nagging fear that america’s decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.
today i say to you that the challenges we face are real. they are serious and they are many. they will not be met easily or in a short span of time. but know this, america - they will be met.
on this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
on this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
we remain a young nation, but in the words of scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. the time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the god-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.
in reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. it must be earned. our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. it has not been the path for the faint-hearted - for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things - some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.
for us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.
for us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the west; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.
for us, they fought and died, in places like concord and gettysburg; normandy and khe sanh.
time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. they saw america as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.
this is the journey we continue today. we remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on earth. our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. our capacity remains undiminished. but our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions - that time has surely passed. starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking america.
for everywhere we look, there is work to be done. the state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act - not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. we will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. we will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost. we will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. and we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. all this we can do. and all this we will do.
now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions - who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. their memories are short. for they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
what the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. the question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. where the answer is no, programs will end. and those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account - to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day - because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.
nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control - and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. the success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart - not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.
as for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. our founding fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake. and so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that america is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.
recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. they understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
we are the keepers of this legacy. guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort - even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. we will begin to responsibly leave iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in afghanistan. with old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. we will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.
now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions - who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. their memories are short. for they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
what the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. the question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. where the answer is no, programs will end. and those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account - to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day - because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and theirgovernment.
nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control - and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. the success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart - not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.
as for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. our founding fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake. and so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that america is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.
recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. they understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
we are the keepers of this legacy. guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort - even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. we will begin to responsibly leave iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in afghanistan. with old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. we will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.
for we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. we are a nation of christians and muslims, jews and hindus - and non-believers. we are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that america must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.
to the muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. to those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society’s ills on the west - know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. to those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.
to the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. and to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect. for the world has changed, and we must change with it.
as we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. they have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in arlington whisper through the ages. we honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. and yet, at this moment - a moment that will define a generation - it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
for as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the american people upon which this nation relies. it is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. it is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.
our challenges may be new. the instruments with which we meet them may be new. but those values upon which our success depends - hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism - these things are old. these things are true. they have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. what is demanded then is a return to these truths. what is required of us now is a new era of responsibility - a recognition, on the part of every american, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accepy, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect. for the world has changed, and we must change with it.
as we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. they have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in arlington whisper through the ages. we honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. and yet, at this moment - a moment that will define a generation - it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
for as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the american people upon which this nation relies. it is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. it is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.
our challenges may be new. the instruments with which we meet them may be new. but those values upon which our success depends - hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism - these things are old. these things are true. they have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. what is demanded then is a return to these truths. what is required of us now is a new era of responsibility - a recognition, on the part of every american, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accep
奥巴马就职演讲稿范文
mr. obama: thank you. thank you so much. vice president biden, mr. chief justice, members of the united states congress, distinguished guests, and fellow citizens:
谢谢,非常感谢大家。拜登副总统、首席大法官先生、国会议员们、尊敬的各位嘉宾、亲爱的公民们。
each time we gather to inaugurate a president, we bear witness to the enduring strength of our constitution. we affirm the promise of our democracy.
we recall that what binds this nation together is not the colors of our skin or the tenets of our faith or the origins of our names. what makes us exceptional –what makes us american – is our allegiance to an idea, articulated in a declaration made more than two centuries ago:
每一次我们集会庆祝总统就职都是在见证美国宪法的持久力量。我们都是在肯定美国民主的承诺。我们重申,将这个国家紧密联系在一起的不是我们的肤色,也不是
我们信仰的教条,更不是我们名的来源。让我们与众不同,让我们成为美国人的是我们对于一种理念的恪守。200多年前,这一理念在一篇宣言中被清晰阐述:
“we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal,that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”
“我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的,人人生而平等。造物主赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利,包括生存、自由和追求幸福的权利。”
today we continue a never-ending journey, to bridge the meaning of those words with the realities of our time. for history tells us that while these truths may be self-evident, they have never been self-executing; that while freedom is a gift from god, it must be secured by his people here on earth. the patriots of 1776 did not fight to replace the tyranny of a king with the privileges of a few or the rule of a mob. they gave to us a republic, a government of, and by, and for the people, entrusting each generation to keep safe our founding creed.
今天,我们继续着这一未竟的征程,架起这些理念与我们时代现实之间的桥梁。因为历史告诉我们,即便这些真理是不言而喻的,它们也从来不会自动生效。因为虽然自由是上帝赋予的礼物,但仍需要世间的子民去捍卫。1776年,美国的爱国先驱们不是只为了推翻国王的暴政而战,也不是为赢得少数人的特权,建立暴民的统治。先驱们留给我们一个共和国,一个民有、民治、民享的政府。他们委托每一代美国人捍卫我们的建国信条。
for more than two hundred years, we have.
在过去的200多年里,我们做到了。
through blood drawn by lash and blood drawn by sword, we learned that no union founded on the principles of liberty and equality could survive half-slave and half-free. we made ourselves anew, and vowed to move forward together.
从奴役的血腥枷锁和刀剑的血光厮杀中我们懂得了,建立在自由与平等原则之上的联邦不能永远维持半奴隶和半自由的状态。我们赢得了新生,誓言共同前进。
together, we determined that a modern economy requires railroads and highways to speed travel and commerce; schools and colleges to train our workers。
我们共同努力,建立起现代的经济体系。架设铁路与高速公路,加速了旅行和商业交流。建立学校与大学,培训我们的工人。
together, we discovered that a free market only thrives when there are rules to ensure competition and fair play.
我们一起发现,自由市场的繁荣只能建立在保障竞争与公平竞争的原则之上。
together, we resolved that a great nation must care for the vulnerable, and protect its people from life’s worst hazards and misfortune.
我们共同决定让这个伟大的国家远离危险,保护她的人民不受生命威胁和不幸的侵扰。
through it all, we have never relinquished our skepticism of central authority, nor have we succumbed to the fiction that all society’s ills can be cured through government alone. our celebration of initiative and enterprise; our insistence on hard work and personal responsibility, these are constants in our character.
一路走来,我们从未放弃对集权的质疑。我们同样不屈服于这一谎言:一切的社会弊端都能够只靠政府来解决。我们对积极向上与奋发进取的赞扬,我们对努力工作与个人责任的坚持,这些都是美国精神的基本要义。
but we have always understood that when times change, so must we; that fidelity to our founding principles requires new responses to new challenges;that preserving our individual freedoms ultimately requires collective action.
for the american people can no more meet the demands of today’s world by acting alone than american soldiers could have met the forces of fascism or communism with muskets and militias. no single person can train all the math and science teachers we’ll need to equip our children for the future, or build the roads and networks and research labs that will bring new jobs and businesses to our shores. now, more than ever, we must do these things together, as one nation,and one people.
我们也理解,时代在变化,我们同样需要变革。对建国精神的忠诚,需要我们肩负起新的责任,迎接新的挑战。保护我们的个人自由,最终需要所有人的共同努力。
因为美国人不能再独力迎接当今世界的挑战,正如美国士兵们不能再像先辈一样,用步枪和民兵同敌人(法西斯主义与共产主义)作战。一个人无法培训所有的数学
与科学老师,我们需要他们为了未来去教育孩子们。一个人无法建设道路、铺设网络、建立实验室来为国内带来新的工作岗位和商业机会。现在,与以往任何时候相比,我们都更需要团结合作。作为一个国家,一个民族团结起来。
this generation of americans has been tested by crises that steeled our resolve and proved our resilience. a decade of war is now ending. an economic recovery has begun. america’s possibilities are limitless, for we possess all the qualities that this world without boundaries demands: youth and drive;diversity and openness; an endless capacity for risk and a gift for reinvention.my fellow americans, we are made for this moment, and we will seize it – so long as we seize it together.
这一代美国人经历了危机的考验,经济危机坚定了我们的决心,证明了我们的恢复力。长达十年的战争正在结束,经济的复苏已经开始。美国的可能性是无限的,因为我们拥有当今没有边界的世界所需要的所有品质:年轻与活力、多样性与开放、无穷的冒险精神以及创造的天赋才能。我亲爱的同胞们,我们正是为此刻而生,我们更要在此刻团结一致,抓住当下的机会。
for we, the people, understand that our country cannot succeed when a shrinking few do very well and a growing many barely make it. we believe that america’s prosperity must rest upon the broad shoulders of a rising middle class. we know that america thrives when every person can find independence and pride in their work; when the wages of honest labor liberate families from the brink of hardship. we are true to our creed when a little girl born into the bleakest poverty knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an american, she is free, and she is equal, not just in the eyes of god but also in our own.
因为我们,美国人民,清楚如果只有不断萎缩的少数人群体获得成功,而大多数人不能成功,我们的国家就无法成功。我们相信,美国的繁荣必须建立在不断上升的中产阶级的宽阔臂膀之上,我们知道美国的繁荣只有这样才能实现。只有当每个人都能找到工作中的自立与自豪时才能实现。只有当诚实劳动获得的薪水足够让家庭
摆脱困苦的悬崖时才能实现。我们忠诚于我们的事业,保证让一个出生于最贫穷环境中的小女孩都能知道,她有同其他所有人一样的成功机会。因为她是一个美国人,她是自由的、平等的。她的自由平等不仅由上帝来见证,更由我们亲手保护。
we understand that outworn programs are inadequate to the needs of our time. we must harness new ideas and technology to remake our government, revamp our tax code, reform our schools, and empower our citizens with the skills they need to work harder, learn more, and reach higher. but while the means will change, our purpose endures: a nation that rewards the effort and determination of every single american. that is what this moment requires. that is what will give real meaning to our creed.
我们知道,我们已然陈旧的程序不足以满足时代的需要。我们必须应用新理念和新技术重塑我们的政府,改进我们的税法,改革我们的学校,让我们的公民拥有他们所需要的技能,更加努力地工作,学更多的知识,向更高处发展。这意味着变革,我们的目标是:国家可以奖励每个美国人的努力和果断。这是现在需要的。这将给我们的信条赋予真正的意义。
we, the people, still believe that every citizen deserves a basic measure of security and dignity. we must make the hard choices to reduce the cost of health care and the size of our deficit. but we reject the belief that america must choose between caring for the generation that built this country and investing in the generation that will build its future. for we remember the lessons of our past, when twilight years were spent in poverty, and parents of a child with a disability had nowhere to turn. we do not believe that in this country, freedom is reserved for the lucky, or happiness for the few. we recognize that no matter how responsibly we live our lives, any one of us, at any time, may face a job loss, or a sudden illness, or a home swept away in a terrible storm. the commitments we make to each other – through medicare, and medicaid, and social security – these things do not sap our initiative; they strengthen us. they do not make us a nation of takers; they free us to take the risks that make this country great.
我们,人民,仍然认为,每个公民都应当获得基本的安全和尊严。我们必须做出艰难抉择,降低医疗成本,缩减赤规模。但我们拒绝在照顾建设国家的这一代和投
资即将建设国家的下一代间做出选择。因为我们记得过去的教训:老年人的夕阳时光在贫困中度过,家有残障儿童的父母无处求助。我们相信,在这个国家,自由不只是那些幸运儿的专属,或者说幸福只属于少数人。我们知道,不管我们怎样负责任地生活,我们任何人在任何时候都可能面临失业、突发疾病或住房被可怕的飓风摧毁的风险。 我们通过医疗保险、联邦医疗补助计划、社会保障项目向每个人做出承诺,这些不会让我们的创造力衰竭,而是会让我们更强大。这些不会让我们成为充满不劳而获者的国度,这些让我们敢于承担风险,让国家伟大。
奥巴马就职中文演讲稿
各位同胞:
今天我站在这里,为眼前的重责大任感到谦卑,对各位的信任心怀感激,对先贤的牺牲铭记在心。我要谢谢布什总统为这个国家的服务,也感谢他在政权转移期间的宽厚和配合。
四十四位美国人发表过总统就职誓言,这些誓词或是在繁荣富强及和平宁静之际发表,或是在乌云密布,时局动荡之时。在艰困的时候,美国能箕裘相继,不仅因为居高位者有能力或愿景,也因为人民持续对先人的抱负有信心,也忠於创建我国的法统。
因此,美国才能承继下来。因此,这一代美国人也必须承继下去。
现在大家都知道我们正置身危机核心,我国正在与四处蔓延的暴力和憎恨作战。我们的经济元气大伤——这既是某些人贪婪且不负责任的後果,也是大众未能做出艰难的选择,对国家进入新时代做准备不足所致。许多人失去房子,丢了工作,生意萧条。我们的医疗太昂贵,学校教育让人失望。每天都有更多证据显示,我们利用能源的方式壮大我们的对敌,威胁我们的星球。
这些都是得自资料和统计数据的危机指标。比较无法测量但同样深沉的,是举国信心尽失——持续担心美国将无可避免地衰退,也害怕下一代一定会眼界变低。
今天我要告诉各位,我们面临的挑战是真的,挑战非常严重,且不在少数。它们不是可以轻易,或在短时间内解决。但是,美国要了解,这些挑战会被解决。
在这一天,我们聚在一起,因为我们选择希望而非恐惧,有意义的团结而非纷争和不合。
在这一天,我们来此宣示,那些无用的抱怨和虚伪的承诺已终结,那些扭曲我们政治已久的相互指控和陈旧教条已终结。
我们仍是个年轻的国家,但借用圣经的话,摆脱幼稚事物的时刻到来了,重申我们坚忍精神的时刻到来了,选择我们更好的历史,实践那种代代传承的珍贵权利,那种高贵的理念:就是上帝的应许,我们每个人都是平等的,每个人都是自由的,每个人都应该有机会追求全然的幸福。
再次肯定我们国家的伟大,我们了解伟大绝非赐予而来,必须努力达成。我们的旅程从来就不是抄捷径或很容易就满足。这条路一直都不是给不勇敢的人走的,那些偏好逸乐胜过工作,或者只想追求名利就满足的人。恰恰相反,走这条路的始终是勇於冒险的人,做事的人,成事的人,其中有些人很出名,但更常见的是在各自岗位上的男男女女无名英雄,在这条漫长崎岖的道路上支撑我们,迈向繁荣与自由。
为了我们,他们携带很少的家当,远渡重洋,追寻新生活。
为了我们,他们胼手胝足,在西部安顿下来;忍受风吹雨打,筚路蓝缕。
为了我们,他们奋斗不懈,在康科特和盖茨堡,诺曼地和溪山等地葬身。
前人不断的奋斗与牺牲,直到双手皮开肉绽,我们才能享有比较好的生活。他们将美国视为大於所有个人企图心总和的整体,超越出身、财富或小圈圈的差异。
这是我们今天继续前进的旅程。我们仍旧是全球最繁荣强盛的国家。这场危机爆发时,我们的劳工生产力并未减弱。我们的心智一样创新,我们的产品和劳务和上周或上个月或去年相比,一样是必需品。我们的能力并未减损。但是我们墨守成规、维护狭小利益、推迟引人不悦的决定,这段时期肯定已经过去。由今天开始,我们必须振作起来,拍掉身上的灰尘,再度开始重塑美国。
我们无论朝何处望去,都有工作必须完成。经济情势需要大胆、迅速的行动,我们将有所行动,不光是创造新工作,更要奠定成长的新基础。我们将造桥铺路,为企业兴建电力网格与数位线路,将我们联系在一起。我们将让科学回归合适的用途,运用科技的奇蹟来提高医疗品质并降低费用。我们将利用太阳能、风力和土壤作为汽车的燃料和工厂的能源。我们将让中小学及大专院校转型,因应新时代的需要。这些我们可以作到。我们也将会作到。
现在,有人质疑我们的雄心,暗示说我们的体系无法承受太多的大计画。这些人的记性不好。因为他们忘记了这个国家已经完成的成就,当创造力朝同一个目标发展,不受约束的男男女女可以完成何等成就,必要的是勇气。
怀疑者无法理解的是他们的主张已经站不住脚,长期以来折磨我们的陈腐政治争议已经行不通。我们今天的问题不是政府太大或太小,而是有无功效,是否能帮助家庭找到薪水不错的工作,支付得起照顾费用,有尊严的退休。哪个方向能够提供肯定的答案,我们就往那里走。答案是否定的地方,计画就会停止。所有我们这些管理大众金钱的人都将负起责任,花钱要精明,改掉恶习,正大光明作事情,只有这样我们才能重建政府与人民间最重要的信任。
我们眼前的问题也不是说市场的力量是善或恶。市场创造财富和增加自由的力量无与伦比,但是这场危机提醒我们没有监督时,市场发展将失控,当市场只偏爱有钱人时,国家无法永续繁荣。我们经济成功的依据,不只是国内生产毛额的规模,还有繁荣可及的范围,以及我们将机会拓展给每个愿意打拚的人,不是因为施舍,而是因为这就是达到我们共同利益最稳健的途径。
至於我们的共同防卫,让我们必须在自由和理想之间作一抉择,是错误的,我们拒绝接受。我们建国诸父在我们难以想像的危难之中。拟具了确保法治和人权的宪章,被一代代以鲜血扩大充实的宪章。这些理想依然照亮这个世界,我们不会为了便宜行事而扬弃它。同样地,今日在观看此情此景的其他民族和政府,从最宏伟的都城到家父出生的小村庄,我要说:任何一个国家、男、女、和孩童,只要你在追求一个和平且有尊严的未来,美国就是你的朋友,我们准备再次带领大家。
回想先前的世代力抗法西斯主义和共产主义,靠的除了飞弹和战车之外,还有强固的联盟和持久的信念。他们知道单单力量本身不足以让我们自保,也不能让我们为所欲为。相反地,他们知道我们的力量因为谨慎使用而增强,我们的安全源自我们理想的正当性,我们所树立楷模的力量,以及谦逊和克制所具有的调和特质。
我们是这些遗产的保存者。在这些原则的再次指引下,我们可以面对那些新的威胁,这些威胁有赖国与国间更大的合作与谅解方能因应。我们将开始以负责任的方式把伊拉克还给它的人民,并在阿富汗建立赢来不易的和平。我们会努力不懈地与老朋友和昔日的对手合作,以减轻核子威胁,和地球的暖化。我们不会为我们的生活方式而道歉,也会毫不动摇地保护它,对那些想要藉由带来恐怖与杀害无辜以遂其目的者,我们现在告诉你,我们的精神强过你们,无法摧折,你们不可能比我们长久,我们必定打败你们。
因为我们知道,我们拼凑组合而成的遗产是我们的强处,而非弱点。我们是由基督徒和穆斯林,犹太教徒和印度教徒,以及非信徒组成的国家。我们由取自世界四面八方的各种语文和文化所形塑。而且由於我们曾尝过内战和种族隔离的苦果,并且在走出那黑暗时期之後变得更坚强和团结,这让我们不得不相信旧日的仇恨终究会过去,部族之间的界线很快就会泯灭。随着世界越来越小,我们共通的人性也会彰显,而美国必须扮演引进新和平时代的角色。
对穆斯林世界,我们寻求一种新的前进方式,以共同的利益和尊重为基础。那些想播植冲突并把自己社会的问题怪罪於西方的领袖,须知你的国民藉以判断你的,是你能建立什麽,而非你能毁坏什麽。那些靠着贪腐欺骗和箝制异己保住权势的人,须知你门站在历史错误的一边,而只要你愿意松手,我们就会帮忙。
那些穷国的人民,我们保证会和你们合作,让们的农场丰收,让清流涌入,滋补饿坏的身体,喂养饥饿的心灵。而对那些和我们一样比较富裕的国家,我要说,我们不能再对国界以外的苦痛视而不见,也不能再消耗世上的资源而不计後果。因为世界已经变了,我们也要跟着改变。
在我们思索眼前道路的此际,我们以谦虚感激的心想到,有些勇敢的美国同胞正在遥远的沙漠和山岭上巡逻。今天他们有话要对我们说,就和躺在阿灵顿(公墓)的英雄们世世代代轻声诉说的一样。我们尊荣他们,不只因为他们扞卫我们的自由,更因为他们代表着服务的精神;愿意在比自己更大的事物上找寻意义。而在此刻,能够界定一个世代的此刻,必须常驻你我心中的,正是这种精神。
即使政府能做和必须做,这个国家最终仍得靠美国人民的信念与决心。在堤防决堤时,是人们的善心,让他们招待陌生人。是工作人员的无私,让他们宁可减工时,也不愿看到朋友失业,陪伴我们度过最黑暗时期。是消防员的勇气,让他们冲进满是浓烟的楼梯间。是父母心甘情愿培育孩子,最终决定我们的命运。
我们的挑战也许是新的,我们迎接挑战的工具也许是新的,但我们赖以成功的价值观─辛勤工作和诚实、勇气和公平竞争、容忍和好奇心、忠实和爱国心─这些都是固有的。这些价值是真实的,是我们历史上进步的沉默力量。我们有必要找回这些真实价值。我们现在需要一个勇於负责的新时代,每一个美国人都体认到我们对自己、对国家、对世界负有责任,我们不是不情愿地接受这些责任,而是欣然接受,坚信没有什麽比全力以赴完成艰难的工作,更能得到精神上的满足,更能找到自我。
这是公民的代价和承诺。
这是我们信心的来源,体认上帝召唤我们创造不确定的命运。
这是我们的自由和信条的真谛,为什麽不同种族和信仰的男女老幼能在这个大草坪上共同庆祝,为什麽一个人的父亲在不到六十年前也许还不能进当地的餐厅用餐,现在却能站在你们面前做最神圣的宣誓。
让我们记住这一天,记住我们是谁、我们走了多远。在美国诞生这一年,在最寒冷的几个月,在结冰的河岸,一群爱国人士抱着垂死的同志。首都弃守,敌人进逼,雪沾了血。在那时,我们革命的成果受到质疑,我们的国父下令向人民宣读这段话:
“让这段话流传后世,在深冬,只剩下希望和美德,这个城市和这个国家,面临共同危险,站起来迎向它。”
这是设在学校和教堂的投票站前排起的前所未见的长队给出的答案;是等了三四个小时的选民所给出的答案,其中许多人都是有生以来第一次投票,因为他们认定这一次肯定会不一样,认为自己的声音会是这次大选有别于以往之所在。
这是所有美国人民共同给出的答案--无论老少贫富,无论是民-主党还是共和党,无论是黑人、白人、拉美裔、亚裔、原住民,是同性恋者还是异性恋者、残疾人还是健全人--我们从来不是“红州”和“蓝州”的对立阵营,我们是美利坚合众国这个整体,永远都是。
1 语音特点
首先, 因为公众演讲是口头表达的形式, 所以这决定了它应该产生即时的效果。由于在演讲过程中, 演讲者的信息传递和情感表达几乎同步于听众对信息的接受和理解, 如果演讲者想获得听众的认同以取得演讲的成功, 他就必须最大限度地一次性将自己想要传达的意思力求完整的表达出来, 所以语音手段的运用就显得尤为重要。奥巴马在他的第二次就职演讲中, 比较成功的阐明了自己的观点获得了民众的支持和信任。
1.1 头韵
头韵是指两个以上紧邻单词首个音节 (通常是辅音) 相同。其作用是增强语言的节奏感和韵律, 加深听众的印象。奥巴马就职演说中用到的头韵有:that among these are Life, Liberty.
1.2 尾韵
以相同的辅音结尾的音节称为尾韵。如:1) With common effort and common purpose, with passion and dedication.2) ...security and dignity.
2 词汇特点
词汇作为基本的语法单位, 具有不同的文体色彩, 而不同的文体要求使用不同的词汇, 所以不同的词汇有不同的文体适用范围。公众演讲作为一种正式文体, 对词汇的选择也十分讲究。很显然, 奥巴马就职演说的用词明显比日常谈话所使用的词要复杂, 可以看出, 他的语言在大词、名词、人称代词和情态动词上都有显著特征。
2.1 大词
通常, 从一个词的长度往往能看出该文章的文体正式程度。在英语中, 传统上把包含6个以上宇母或3个音节以上的单词称为大词。奥巴马第二次就职演说的文本共有2141个单词。大词的使用十分普遍, 如spirit, responsibility, competition, determination, prosperity, 等等。大量使用大词不仅符合政治演说的文体特征, 而且使奥巴马的演说听起来更加正式和严肃, 符合大众口味又易于理解和接受。所以可以看出, 奥巴马的就职演说具有很明显的口语体特征。
2.2 抽象词
抽象词使语言显得更为正式, 更有深度, 同时有利于演说者表达自己的理念和思想。需注意的是抽象词的使用还要考虑听众的情况, 不能过多的使用以免造成听众理解的障碍。适当的使用抽象词有助于加强听众的认可度进而增强对演讲人的信心。奥巴马的这篇就职演讲中运用了无数个抽象词, 例如:prosperity, freedom, responsibility, ideal, and happiness, 等等。
2.3 人称代词
在公众演讲中, 使用最多的是人称代词第一人称, 即I (mine) 和we (us) , 其次是第二人称you。在演说中大量使用第一人称复数是许多演讲者常用的语言技巧, 目的是为了将听众拉到演讲者一边, 将演讲者和听众放到同一立场上, 让听众支持和信任自己, 增强亲和力和号召力, 也有效的激起美国民众团结一致的爱国情绪。奥巴马在就职演说中使用“我们 (we) ”有70次, 其变体“our”有69次, "us”有21次。
2.4 情态动词
奥巴马在他的就职演说中, 主要通过使用情态动词来表达情态, 如will (22次) .oan (14次) .must (17次) 。在演讲中, will被多次用来表达他就任以后的意图和打算例如, “No single person can train all the math and science teachers we’ll need to equip our children for the future.”在演讲中, can可以用来表达能力和具有的技巧。例如, “We cannot mistake absolutism for principle, or substitute spectacle for politics, or treat name-calling as reasoned debate”.在奥巴马演讲中, must被用来表示义务, 旨在激起听众的责任感例如, “We must harness new ideas and technology to remake our government...”
3 句法特点
另外, 因为公众演讲受到时间、空间和语言形式等方面的限制, 其文体本身与日常谈话相比更为正式和严谨;又因为听众的理解水平、文化水平等呈多层次化的现实原因, 公众演讲的文体与科技文体和法律文体相比又没有那么正式。基于上面对就职演说词汇层面的文体分析, 以下便从句子结构和句子类型的角度对奥巴马的就职演说进行探讨。
3.1 句子结构
不同文体的平均句长短各不相同, 日常对话的平均句长一般不超过12词。英语的平均句长约为17.6 (王佐良, 2001) 。文体越正式, 越书面, 平均句长就越长。奥巴马第二次就职演说的总词汇量约为2141。通过对比, 我们可以看出一个明显的特点, 其短句和长句的使用更为明显, 而中等长度的句子使用率较低。大量短句的使用使奥巴马的就职演说更为生动, 使思想表达更有力度。如:They gave to us a Republic, a government of, and by, and for the people, entrusting each generation to keep safe our founding creed.同时, 大量长句又使演说听起来更有气势, 使演讲者的思想表达更为明确, 观点更有说服力, 促使听众明白演说者的真正意图。如:“No single person can train all the math and science teachers...that will bring new jobs and businesses to our shores.”
3.2 句子类型
演讲与日常的双向交流不同, 它要求演讲者事先进行准备, 使话语易于理解并具有煽动性, 同时避免重复表达 (贾岩, 2004) 。因此, 公众演讲所使用的句子不仅应该具备简单化的特点, 易于理解, 而且在句子类型上还应该力求完整多样, 体现演讲者的语言水平和修养。在奥巴马总统的就职演讲中, 使用了大量的陈述句, 文章中随处可见。另外也不乏祈使句, 如:Let each of us now embrace, with solemn duty and awesome joy.通过使用祈使句向美国民众发出了呼吁, 使民众能树立责任感和民族意识一起解决当前问题, 创造美好未来。
4 修辞特点
修辞手段的使用是演讲英语的另一个特点。为了得到听众的理解和支持, 演讲者会使用一些修辞手段来增强演讲的说服力和号召力。下面从词汇修辞格和句法修辞格的角度来分析奥巴马的就职演说。
4.1 词汇修辞格
美国总统奥巴马的就职演讲运用了像明喻、暗喻、拟人等词汇修辞格形式, 这使得演讲的语言更加准确、清晰、生动和有力, 帮助听众深刻的理解其政治主张、增强现场的气氛、提高演讲效果。
1) 明喻:是明显地用另一种事物来比方要表达的对象的一种比喻, 以达到更形象、更深刻说明此事物的目的, 通常用like或as来连接。如:Our journey is not complete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else under the law.
2) 暗喻:顾名思义, 即不用like或as的隐藏的比喻。例:We know that America thrives when every person can find independence and pride in their work;when the wages of honest labor liberate families from the brink of hardship.
3) 拟人:根据想象把事物当作人来写, 赋予事物以人一样的思想和行为的一种修辞方法。例如:We believe that America’s prosperity must rest upon the broad shoulders of a rising middle class.
4.2 句法修辞
句法修辞格就是通过对句子结构的特殊安排来达到某种修辞效果的修辞手段, 奥巴马就职演讲中的句法修辞方式有以下几个方面:
1) 排比:就是利用两个或以上结构和长度均类似、意义相关或相同的的词, 短语或句子排列起来, 达到一种加强语势的效果。排比句可使文章的节奏感加强, 条理性更好, 更利于表达强烈的感情, 突出重点。此篇演讲中, 奥巴马总统运用了很多排比结构, 例如:We, the people, still believe that...We, the people, still believe that...We, the people, still believe that...
2) 重复:是一种常用的修辞手段, 是指连续或间隔地反复使用同一单词、短语或句子, 以增强语气和语势, 强调表述的观点, 阐明深刻的道理, 是演讲者惯用的技巧之一。例:What makes us exceptional—what makes us American.
3) 对偶:是一种工整匀称的并列结构, 通常是把字数相同、结构上相同或相近, 意义上对称的一对词语或句子来表达两个相对或相近意思的一种修辞方式。例:For history tells us that while these truths may..., they....;that while freedom is..., it must...
4) 引经据典:引用《圣经》的格言和美国国父们的治国理念及教导, 使听众更容易理解和接受。例:We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.
5 结束语
《时代》周刊报道,1月20日,巴拉克·奥巴马正式就任美国第44任总统,其就职典礼催生出十大畅销产品:
1.奥巴马水。印有奥巴马头像和“奥巴马2009”字样的瓶装纪念水,每瓶售价1到3美元(约合8到24元人民币)。
2.奥巴马鞋。蔷薇色松软运动鞋上,印着大选中最流行的“我们做得到”字样,每双售价65美元。
3.奥巴马杯盘。在过去的两个月,你可以看到各种各样的奥巴马杯子和盘子,此外,还有奥巴马眼镜框、相框、鼠标垫及光头的奥巴马娃娃。司机们可以买带有奥巴马装饰的牌照框,上面有红心、美国国旗及其他流行元素。
4.奥巴马首饰。在华盛顿可以买到各式有关奥巴马的珠宝首饰,如耳环、饰物、带扣、项链、链扣以及胸针。
5.奥巴马文身。对于消费超过200美元以上的顾客,美国文身机构免费赠送顾客奥巴马就职文身标志。当然他们也为那些奥巴马的“铁杆儿粉丝”服务,在他们的耳朵上部刺一个代表民主党的蓝“O”,需要44美元。
6.奥巴马报袋。现在最好的城市送报员可以得到一个贴有2009就职典礼标志的报袋,每个价值45美元。
7.奥巴马毯子。对于那些冒着寒冷连日等待观礼的人来说,150美元的奥巴马毯子非常温暖。
8.奥巴马艺术。那些收藏与奥巴马有关艺术品的艺术家们,可以在就职典礼当天展示自己的藏品。
9.奥巴马烟酒。每个酒鬼可能都要为18万瓶“轩尼诗44”限量版疯狂。而一些有关就职典礼主题的烟也开始出售,包括一种尼加拉瓜产的奥巴马烟,将分给参加典礼和就职舞会的来宾,每支价值10到20美元。
10.奥巴马喜剧。不久前,奥巴马曾进入《蜘蛛侠》连环画,成为拯救世界的超级英雄。
2009,哪些行业会复苏?
东方汇理银行在最近的2009年展望及策略会上,认为全球经济在2009年将面临衰退,预计于2010年复苏,亚洲经济增长将放缓是由于出口减少及区内本地需求下跌。中国经济增长将跌破20年的低位,而且人民币将维持有限度的贬值。该行固定收益市场研究部亚洲高级经济及策略师巴布(Sebastien Barbe)和全球外汇策略主管米图(Mitul Kotecha)在受访时指出,如果谈到复苏的话,增长机会最大的可能是周期性行业。比如在此轮危机中遭受最大损失的制造业,可能会率先复苏;还有一些耐用消费品,比如说汽车,最早会在今年年初显现出复苏迹象。此外,还有金融行业,在过去一年中金融行业损失更大,随着银行资产负债慢慢恢复之后,银行业也会出现非常大的复苏。
巴布预计,中国2009年的经济增长将达到6.5%,2010年则为8%。他的理由是:一方面,由于出口影响非常巨大,可能会把增长率拉低2%-3%,这对中国经济增长是非常大的负面影响。另一方面,基础设施项目投资过一段时间才能看出效果。
为防止经济大幅度下滑,巴布认为最好的办法还是坚持推行综合性的、大型基础设施方面的投资,等到效果慢慢显现出来,局面会渐渐好转。此外,还有一个好办法,就是让银行大力放开信贷大门。
老曹酷评
资深媒体评论员曹景行
新闻回放:
上海2008年底遭遇单月财政收入负增长,为贯彻市财政报告提到的“俭办一切事业”原则,参加人大会议开幕式的主要官员都统一乘坐班车前往。会务人员还表示,“能用旧的决不用新的,能租的决不买。比如复印机、电脑、桌椅”。而在会议中心,往年常见的“热烈庆祝市人代会胜利召开”、“坚持和完善人民代表大会制度”之类大红横幅标语一条也没有,都是“为了省钱”。据说关于标语要不要挂,讨论很激烈,最终决定省掉。
老曹之见:
如果这场金融危机可以打掉中国人对标语口号的几十年迷信,倒也是件好事。北京今天仍然到处可见奥运标语,时间久了难免变成历史文物。
新闻回放:
北京市委机关报《北京日报》刊登中国传媒大学教授沈敏特的文章《追求真理离不开言论自由》。文章第一句话就说,“言论自由,是被写进我国宪法的”,追求真理离不开言论自由,一种言论荒谬与否,是进步还是反动,不是靠权威来定性的,它需要历史实践的检验。
老曹之见:
三十年前“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的讨论,让中国回归了基本常识。看来今天需要再回归一次,许多事情才可以弄明白。
新闻回放:
北京为实现“无烟奥运”,去年5月1日起实行“禁烟令”,在十类公共场所实施禁烟,并规定食肆必须设立非吸烟区。但随着京奥落幕,禁烟令形同虚设,餐厅依旧烟雾弥漫,再没禁烟区之分。有餐厅直言:“顾客是大爷,难道要阻自己发财吗?”有餐厅职员称,劝阻客人勿吸烟需要勇气,常遭白眼甚至辱骂,且许多客人一听禁烟即走,为免得罪客人和老板,只好当作没看见。餐厅负责人表示,当初为协助办好奥运才忍一时之不便,配合一下,如今奥运已结束,大家都缺少了共同努力的目标。
老曹之见:
老曹终于明白,奥运提高北京市民素质的真正含义。香港禁烟,说禁就禁。台湾这些天也开始全面禁烟,一片混乱,效果未明。同样的禁烟,却禁出两岸三地中国社会的不同,有意思。
新闻回放:
吉林省四平市副市长李鸥15日在博客中发文称,“火车票票贩子多,完全是铁路系统的售票方式造成的。”李鸥认为,火车车上补票收取手续费制度使得有些车站故意压票,从中获利;没有实行使用身份证购买火车票的制度,使得票贩子可以倒票赚钱。“公安机关与其在火车站广场和售票大厅去抓票贩子,不如进入到铁路局和火车站票务室里去抓票贩子。”
老曹之见:
当前的火车票问题已经成为一大人祸,弄得总书记不得不直接出来作批示,不寻常。一个政府职能部门对解决这样一个核心业务问题如此无能为力,除了腐败就是渎职。就像李长江先生说的那样,刘部长已到了显示自知之明的时候了。
新闻回放:
香港《文汇报》报道上海铁路售票员的“非人春运”:每天工作12个小时,中午花10分钟吃饭上厕所还要被旅客骂。经常是早上刚刚下夜班,晚上又要接着上夜班,由于这些售票员大多住得很远,上下班交通极不方便,为了节省时间,干脆统一住在靠近南站的“铁路公寓”,许多人已近10天没有回家了。每天近12小时工作里,售票员需要不停重复同样的动作,说同样的话,都要“傻”成机器人了。忙中难免出错,却要自己买单。前几天一个老员工赔了700元。
老曹之见:
【奥巴马就职演讲观后感】推荐阅读:
奥巴马就职演讲稿英文09-15
奥巴马演讲全文10-24
奥巴马告别演讲中英06-07
奥巴马演讲稿09-27
奥巴马关于经济的演讲11-16
奥巴马的父亲节演讲11-22
奥巴马每周演讲稿712-18
奥巴马领导07-27
奥巴马简历12-04
奥巴马移民政策改革06-21