动词语态考点大观园（通用4篇）
英语语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。如果主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者就用主动语态，反之，如果主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者，则用被动语态。另外非谓语动词也有主动和被动形式。语态的考查是历年高考题命题的热点。从近几年命题看，主要从以下几个方面进行命题。
一、结合动词的基本时态
近几年对大纲要求的几种基本时态的被动语态都有考查，首先我们弄清句子主语和谓语动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系，掌握每一种基本时态的被动语态结构，才能在考试中少失分。
(一)考查一般现在时的被动语态
【考例】
(1)Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. (辽宁)
A.was called B.is called
C.had been called D.has been called
(2)The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly it people _______ to eat more fruit and vegetables. (上海)
A. persuadeB. will persuade
C. be persuaded D. are persuaded
【点拨】考例(1)定语从句中表达的是客观事实，现行词和定语从句之间是动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。考例(2)主句是一般将来时，其后条件状语从句应用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，故也用一般现在时的被动语态，选BD。
(二)考查现在进行时的被动语态
【考例】
(3)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _________ each year. (2005山东)
A. is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
【点拨】此题考查了时态、语态和主谓一致两个方面。从前面的with复合结构可以看出句子应用现在进行时，earth和wash away之间是动宾关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。(huge)quantities of 作定语修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与quantities保持一致，用复数，与所修饰的名词无关，，故选D。
(三)考查现在完成时的被动语态
【考例】
(4)Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ___________by a storm which swept across the north of England last nigh. (2005重庆)
A.has been caused B.had been caused
C.will be causedD.will have been caused
【点拨】考例(4)强调对现在的影响或结果，damage是不可数名词，谓语动词只能用第三人称单数，和cause之间是动宾关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，故选A。
(四)考查将来完成时的被动语态
【考例】
(5)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ______ by . (2004北京)
A. has been completed B. has completed
C. will have been completed D. will have completed
【点拨】从介词短语by 2006可以看出该题表示将来某个时间要完成的动作，construction work和动词complete之间是动宾关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态，选C。
(五)考查一般将来时的被动语态
【考例】
(6) Only when your identity has been checked ,____ .(上海)
A.you are allowed in B.you will be allowed in
C.will you allow in D.will you be allowed in
【点拨】时间状语从句是一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，only跟时间状语从句或介词短语时，句子要用倒装语序，故选D。
(六)考查过去完成时的被动语态
【考例】
(7)The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car. (2005广东)
A. has beenB. was being C. had been D. would be
【点拨】考例(7)从主句可以看出，place这个动作发生在主句动词catch所表示的动作之前，先行词和place之间是动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态，选C。
(七)考查一般过去时的被动语态
【考例】
(8)More than a dozen students in that school _________ abroad to study medicine last year. (2005上海)
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
(9)-Why did you leave that position? (2005北京)
-I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offeredC. am offered D. was offered
【点拨】考例(8)中有明显的过去时间状语last year,考例(9)虽然没有明显的时间状语，但从问句的时态可以看出，offer这动作也是发生在过去，两考例中的主语和谓语动词之间都是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，选BD。
二、get+过去分词构成的被动语态
英语中除了be+及物动词构成被动语态外，get+过去分词也可以构成被动语态，但也要注意有时也可以表示某种状态，而非被动。
【考例】
(10) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ______run over by a car. (北京)
A. haveB. get C. become D. turn
(11)Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to _________before the party.(2004全国卷二)
A. get changed B. get change
C. get changing D. get to change
【点拨】考例(10)中四个选项中只有B项的get可以和后面的过去分词短语run over构成被动语态;考例(11)中主语和get changed之间不构成被动关系，故选BA。
三、结合非谓语动词的语态
非谓语动词虽然不能在句中充当谓语动词，但是它们具有动词的特点，除过去分词本身含有被动含义，其他的几个形式也有被动形式。
(一)考查动词不定式的被动语态
【考例】
(12)All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas. (2005辽宁)
A.in order to have received B.in order to receive
C.so as to be received D.so as to be receiving
(13)-Is bob still performing? (2005江苏)
-I’m afraid not. He is said ________ the stage already as he has become an official.
A. to have left B. to leave
C. to have been left D. to be left
【点拨】考例(11)中不定式中的动词receive和句子主语之间是动宾关系，没有先后顺序，直接用动词不定式的一般式的被动形式，考例(12)中动词不定式所表示的动作与句子谓语动词所表示的动作有明显的先后顺序，和句子主语之间是主谓关系，故用动词不定式的完成式，选CA。
(二)考查现在分词的被动语态
【考例】
(14) __________ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005湖北)
A. Being separated B. Having separated
C. Having been separated D. To be separated
【点拨】该考例是考查现在分词完成式的被动语态，表示separate这动作已经完成，而A项表示正进行，D项有表将来的含义，B项表示主动，故选C。
(三)考查动名词的被动语态
【考例】
(15)He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk __________ the good opportunity. (2005上海)
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost
(16)Tony was very unhappy for __________ to the party. (2002上海)
A. having not been invited B. not having invited
C. having not invited D. not having been invited
【点拨】考例(14)中risk跟动名词作宾语，lose和主语he之间是主谓关系，故用动名词的一般式。考例(15)中invite这动作发生在“不高兴”之前，和主语之间是动宾关系，故用动名词的完成被动式，其否定形式是在动名词前加not或never,故选BD。
四、结合被动语态的省略形式
在when, while, if, unless, though等引导的时间、条件或让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
【考例】
(17) When_______ help, one often says “ Thank you. ” or “ It’ s kind of you. ” (2005福建)
A.offering B.to offer C.to be offered D.offered
【点拨】从句主语和主句一致，而且和offer之间是动宾关系，故可以省略从句的主语和be动词is,选D。
五、结合复合宾语结构
一些感官动词和使役动词后可以用过去分词来表示宾语和过去分词所表示的动作之间存在的动宾关系。
【考例】
(18) Helen had to shout______ above the sound of the music. (2004全国III)
A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard
(19) You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _________often enough. (2005天津)
A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained
【点拨】考例(17)(18)中都出现了使役动词后接宾语，再接过去分词作宾补的情况，宾语和过去分词之间都是被动关系，故选DD。
六、结合特殊动词的语态和时态
(一)有些不及物动词可以用主动形式表示被动含义，常和副词well, easily, badly等搭配，如： read, sell, wash等。
【考例】
(20)Books of this kind _______well.(上海)
A. sell B. sellsC. are sold D. is sold
【点拨】sell表示“卖，销售”时是及物动词，表示“销路好，畅销”时是不及物动词，常和副词well等，用主动形式表示被动含义，该句的主语是books，不是kind,谓语动词用复数，故选A。
(二)作为连系动词的smell, feel, taste, sound等，其后常跟形容词作表语，不用于被动语态。
【考例】
(21)I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. (2005天津)
A. to sound B. to be sounded
C. sounding D. to have sounded
(22) Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will________ fresh for several days.(NMET2003)
A.be stayedB.stay
C.be staying D.have stayed
【点拨】考例(21)中sound表示“听起来”时，是连系动词，常跟形容词或介词短语作表语，不用被动语态;考例(22)stay表示“保持……的状态”时，也是连系动词，不用被动语态，故选AB。
(三)有些动词如，need, require, want,或形容词短语be worth 等其后常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。
【考例】
(23)There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ road conditions need____. (2003上海
A.that …to be improved B.which …to be improved
C.where…improvingD.when…improving
【点拨】该题是that引导的分隔性同位语从句，从句的谓语动词need可以跟动名词的主动形式作宾语，也可以直接跟动词不定式的被动形式作宾语，故选A。
(四)有些非谓语动词短语be to blame(受责备), be to let(出租)等可以用主动形式表示被动含义。
【考例】
(24)I feel it is your husband who __________ for the spoiled child. (2002上海)
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
【点拨】这是一个强调句，强调句子主语，题意是“我感觉到你的丈夫应该因那宠坏了孩子而受到责备。”be to blame是一个固定的非谓语动词短语，只用主动形式表示被动含义。
【实战演练】
1. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment________. (2005北京春)
A. is damaged B. had damaged
C. damaged D. was damaged
2. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard.________? (2005北京春)
A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished
C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish
3. More patients ___________ in hospital this year than last year. (2004江苏)
A. treated B. have treated
C. had been treated D. have been treated
4. - The window is dirty. (2004广西)
- I know. It_____ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
5. -George and Lucy got married last week . Did you go to their wedding? (2004湖北)
-No, I ___________ . Did they have a big wedding?
A.was not invited B.have not been invited
C.hadn’t been invited D.didn’t invite
6. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945，and their power ______ increased enormously ever since. (2004上海)
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
7. According to the art dealer, the painting______ to go for at least a million dollars. (2004全国II)
A is expected B expects C expected D is expecting
8. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only________ the film stars had left. (2004福建)
A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told
9. ____________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北)
A.Compare B.When comparing
C.Comparing D.When compared
10. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (2004上海)
A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. be have caused
11. When first______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004全国II)
A. introducing B. introducedC. introduce D. being introduced
12. Hundreds of jobs _________if the factory closes. (北京春招)
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
13. -Do you like the material? (1994NMET)
-Yes, it _________very soft.
A. is feeling B. feltC. feels D. is felt
14. A new cinema ________here. They hope to finish it next month. (2001北京春招)
A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built
15. Rainforests _________and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in near future.(2002上海春招)
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
答案解析：
1. D.根据从句谓语动词可以看出主句应该用一般过去时，主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. A.强调现在的结果，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
3. D.根据题意可以看出是强调现在的情况，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
4. D.根据上下文语境可以看出是强调现在的情况，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
5. C.根据上下文语境可以看出，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态。
6. C.从ever since(自从那时以来)可以看出应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，故选C。
7. A.从所给的四个选项可以排除后三个选项，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
8. B.动词不定式表结果状语，具有偶然性，现在分词作结果状语表示必然性，句子主语和不定式所表示的动作是动宾关系，故选B。
9. D.在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，如果从句和主句主语一致，而且从句含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，故选D。
10. C.动词不定式作主语补语。不定式所表示的动作和句子主语之间是动宾关系，故选C。
11. B.动词不定式在状语从句中的省略，省略了主语和be动词，故选B。
12. B.条件状语从句是一般现在时，故主句应用一般将来时，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，故选B。
13. C.feel是连系动词，用主动形式表被动含义。
14. D.从后文的next month可以看出电影院还未完工，故用现在进行时的被动语态，选D。
七年来动词的时态每年都有一道题，而关于动词的语态，只有2009年考过一次。
重点掌握以下八种时态及其被动语态：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时。
二、解法指导
在语法填空的给词题中，先判断所在句子有没有谓语动词，如果没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，就是填谓语动词，这时就要根据语境考虑时态和语态，我们可以称之为“变态”，即转变这个所给动词的时态和语态。
[例1]（2008广东高考） Being too anxious to help an event develop often __________（result）in the contrary to our intention.
解析：句中无谓语，故result应作谓语；又从always可知，此时应该用一般现在时；又因主语是V-ing短语，为单数概念，所以此题的答案应该是results.
[例 2]（2009广东高考） Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，”Jane __________ （inform）.
解析：句中无谓语，inform应为谓语动词；又因Jane与inform是被动关系，即“Jane被告知”，所以用被动语态；由上句谓语动词was可知，用一般过去时；故inform应为一般过去时的被动语态，填was informed。
[例3]（2011广东高考） He__________ （pretend） that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.
解析：主句无谓语，所以pretend 应该作主句的谓语；又由与之并列的giving可知，这里应是过去进行时，故填was pretending。
[例4]（2013广东高考）Suddenly，he __________ （find） that he had run out of salt.
解析：主句无谓语动词，所以find作谓语动词；又因为从句的谓语是过去完成时，所以此时主句的谓语应该用一般过去时，故填found。
三、即时练习
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years？It 1 （take）me almost 20 years to have the courage to even ask my father this very personal question. When Dad first quit drinking， the whole family was on pins and needles（坐立不安）every time he got into a situation that，in the past，would have started him drinking again. For a few years we were afraid to bring it up for fear the drinking 2 （begin）again.
“I had this little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day，”was Dad’s reply to my 18-year-old unasked question. And then he 3 （share）the poem with me.
About a month after this talk with my father，when I
4 （have）a rest， I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily affirmations with one affirmation listed for each day of the year.
It 5 （be）my experience that when you 6
（get）something with days of the year on it，you 7 （ turn）to the page that lists your own birthday.
I hurriedly opened the book to November 10 to see what words of wisdom this book had in store for me. There，on my birthday，was the exact same poem that 8 （help）my father for all these years！It 9 （call）the Serenity Prayer.
答案与解析
本文讲的是一位十八岁的儿子鼓起勇气问出了近二十年来怀揣的关于父亲如何戒酒成功的问题，最后从一本朋友送的书上在自己生日对应的那一页看到了父亲戒酒期间鼓励自己的祷告，体现了父亲为了儿子而戒烟的浓浓的父爱。
1. took 从下文“For a few years we were afraid to...”的“was”可知，此处应该用一般过去时。
2. would begin 从句无谓语动词，且从上文“we were afraid”可知，此处缺少一个表示过去将来的谓语动词。
3. shared 本句无谓语动词，share应为谓语动词，从上文的时间副词 then 可知，此处应为一般过去时。
4. was having在when 引起的时间状语从句中无谓语动词，故have应是谓语动词，又从主句的谓语动词received可知，当时作者应该是正在休息，故用过去进行时。
5. has been因be在主句中作谓语又由“ my experience”可知，这样的事情已经发生多次，已成经验，故用完成时态。
6. get这里表达的是一件经常发生的事情，故用一般现在时。
7. will turn在when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词get用一般现在时，主句就会用一般将来时。
8. had helped因help在定语从句中作谓语，由主句谓语动词的时态和for all these years可知，要用过去完成时。
9. is called 因call在句中作谓语；而it与call之间是被动关系；文中讲的是书名，应为客观存在的事实，故答案为is called。
（作者单位：广东第二师范学院番禺附属中学）
1. 主谓的分隔原则
S, ---,VO
主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔
* 主谓一致与主语同位语无关
2. 定语从句中的主谓一致
...noun.+that / which +V
* that, which并不反映单复数
one of 复n + that/which + 复V
the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V
3. 随前一致
together with, as well as, with, including, of
4. 随后一致
not 单n. but 复n. + 复V
not only 单n. but also 复n. + 复V
5. 就近一致
单n. or 复n.
either 单n. or 复n.
neither 单n. nor 复n.
is he or we... 对
he or we are... 对
6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词
不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词
例外：war and peace is / was
black and white is / was
bread and butter is / was
to love and to be loved is/was
7. 百分比结构
most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent
…+of +n. +V 由名词决定动词的单复数
8. 倒装句中的主谓一致
There be...
between , among 等介词位于句首，即引起倒装
Between ...+ be + noun.
Among...+ be + noun.
主 + 系 + 表
主系关系要一致，系表关系可以不一致
9. The+ adj.
a. 表示“一类人”用复数V
The rich are ridiculous
b. 表示某一抽象概念
The good is attractive
10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V
more than one 单数noun. + 单数V
many a + 单noun. + 单V
a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two
news 单数 measles 不可数
the series 用is/are从上下文得出
二、时态
1. in + 过去某一时间，用一般现在时
2. before + 过去年份，用过去完成时
3. for/since:
for后跟时间段，可用现在完成和一般过去时
since 后跟时间点，只能跟现在完成时
I have been a teacher for 3 years.
I have been a teacher since .
I was a teacher for 3 years.
4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时
时态：现在完成时和一般过去时混用
一般现在时和一般过去时混用
三、语态 考主被的混用
一个证明，二个位于，三个需要，四个情感
1. 证明：prove(vi) + to be + n./adj.
prove(vt) + sth./that +句子
my advice proved to be wrong
2. 位于：locate永远考被动
situate 主动：把...放置;确定位置
被动：位于
3. 需要：need, want, require
情态动词need＋动词
实义动词 to do sth. / doing = to be done
My watch need repairing. (主动表被动= …to be repaired. )
4. 情感：please, annoy, surprise, move
I am pleased. 主语高兴
he news is pleasing. 令人高兴使...高兴（心烦、惊讶、感动）
Franklin is so moved.
1.I can guess you were in a hurry.You＿＿your sweater inside out.
A.had worn B.wore C.were wearing D.are wearing
2.- We ＿＿ that you would fix the TV set this week.
- I’m sorry.I ＿＿ to, but I’ve been too busy.
A.had expected； had intended B.are expecting； had intended
C.expect； intend D.expected； intend
3.He will stop showing off, if no notice ＿＿ of him.
A.is taken B.will be taken C.takes D.has taken
4.-It is said that another new car factory＿＿now.
- Yeah.It ＿＿one and a half years.
A.is building； takes B.is being built； will take
C.is built； will take D.is being built； takes
5.- I’m sorry, but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.
- You ＿＿ your temper but that’s OK.
A.have lost B.had lost C.did lose D.were losing
6.- Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty!
- Mum, I ＿＿ my storeroom downstairs。
A.cleaned B.have worked C.was cleaning D.have been cleaning
7.They won’t buy new clothes because they＿＿money to buy a color TV set.
A.save B.are saving C.has saved D.were saving
8.Good heavens! There you are! We＿＿anxious about you, and we ＿＿you back throughout the night.
A.are； expect B.were； had expected
C.have been；were expecting D.are； were expecting
9.I’ve finally finished my paper and it ＿＿ me an entire month.
A.takes B.took C.was taken D.had taken
10.The traffic in our city is already good and it ＿＿even better.
A.gets B.got C.has got D.is getting
11.- Has Jack finished his homework yet?
- I have no idea；he ＿＿it this morning.
A.was doing B.had been doing C.has done D.did
12.- I will come to attend your lecture at 10：00 tomorrow.
- I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I＿＿my guests in my office.
A.is being met B.will meet C.will be meeting D.will have met
13.- Alice came back home the day before yesterday.
- Really ? Where ＿＿ ?
A.has she been B.had she been C.has she gone D.had she gone
14.John and I＿＿friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we＿＿ each other a couple of times before that.
A.had been； have met B.have been； have met
C.had been； had met D.have been； had met
15.I ＿＿ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A.will play B.have played C.played D.play
16.I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida.I ＿＿ my mum.
A.take B.am taking C.have taken D.will have taken
17.- You haven’t said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?
- I’ m sorry I ＿＿ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’ s pretty on you.
A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say
18.- Where ＿＿?
- I got stuck in the heavy traffic.I ＿＿ here earlier.
A.did you go； had arrived B.have you been； would have been
C.were you； would come D.are you； was
19.I know Mr Brown；we ＿＿ to each other at an international conference.
A.are introduced B.have been introduced
C.were introduced D.had been introduced
20.-Where do you think＿＿he＿＿the computer?
- Sorry.I have no idea.
A.has ； bought B.／ ； bought C.did ； buy D.had ； bought
21.- I＿＿to a party, but I’ ve got nothing to wear.
- Why don’t you have a dress made for the party?
A.was asked B.will ask C.have asked D.have been asked
22.I didn’t like Aunt Lucy, who＿＿without warning and bringing us presents.
A.always turned up B.has always turned up
C.was always turning up D.was always turned up
23.- What do you think of this kind of TV set,which ＿＿ in Shanghai?
- Well, I don’ t care such things.
A.was made B.is made C.has been made D.had been made
24.- Tom, did Mr.Li join you in your discussion?
- No, he＿＿, but he happened to have fallen ill.
A.would like to B.will C.was to have D.was going to join
25.- Did he notice you enter the room?
- I don’ t think so.He＿＿to the radio with his eyes shut.
A.listened B.was listening C.has listened D.had listened
26.The plane ＿＿ at 7：00 p.m., so I have to be at the airport by 6：40 at the latest.
A.has left B.is to leave C.will have left D.leaves
27.The train ＿＿＿＿＿ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight.
A.went B.is going C.goes D.will be going
28.Look at this ! I＿＿some magazines and＿＿this letter.
A.was looking through； found B.am looking through； find
C.looked through； had found D.had looked through； finding
29.- ＿＿you ＿＿ the editor at the airport?
- No, he ＿＿ away before my arrival.
A.Have...met； has driven B.Had...met； was driven
C.Did...meet； had been driven D.Have...met； had driven
30.- Can you give me the right answer?
- Sorry, I＿＿.Would you repeat that question?
A.hadn’t listened B.haven’t listened C.don’t listen D.wasn’t listening
31.I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I ＿＿coffee.
A.prefer B.preferred C.have preferred D.am preferring
32.- Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer?
- No, it ＿＿ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.
A.was raining B.had been raining C.would be raining D.rained
33.The vegetables didn’t taste very good.They＿＿too long.
A.had been cooked B.were cooked C.had cooked D.cooked
34.- Remember the first time we met, Jim?
- Of course I do.You ＿＿ in the library.
A.were reading B.had read C.have read D.read
35.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ＿＿ the cloth ＿＿ well.
A.have told； washes B.have been told； washes
C.was told； washed D.have been told； is washed
36.- What were you up to when your parents came in?
- I＿＿for a while and＿＿some reading.
A.was playing； was going to do B.played； did
C.had played； was going to do D.had played； did
37.- Sorry, I forget to post the letter for you.
- Never mind, ＿＿ it myself tonight.
A.I’m going to post B.I’ve decided to post C.I’ll post D.I’d rather post
38.I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but ＿＿.
A.I’m not invited B.I was not invited
C.I have not been invited D.I had not been invited
39.- Is Tom still smoking ?
- No.By next Saturday he ＿＿ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
A.will go B.will have gone C.will have been D.has been going
40.All but one＿＿take part in the conference＿＿tomorrow.
A.is going to； that is to take place B.are going to； that is about to take place
C.are going to； that is to be taken place D.are going to； which is to be held
41.- Are you a visitor here?
- That’s right.I＿＿round the world and now my dream of coming to China＿＿true.
A.have traveled； has come B.was traveling； had been come
C.am traveling； has come D.have traveled； has been come
42.- ＿＿ Betty this morning?
- Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.
A.Have you seen B.Will you see C.Do you see D.Did you see
43.Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday.Never＿＿ him talk so much.
A.I heard B.did I hear C.I had heard D.had I heard
44.The children ＿＿very quiet；I wonder what they ＿＿up to.
A.were； are being B.are being；are C.are；do D.are being；do
45.- Look at the black clouds.It ＿＿ soon.
- Sure.If only we ＿＿out.
A.is raining； didn’ t come B.is to rain； won’ t start
C.will rain； haven’ t started D.is going to rain； hadn’ t come
46.He ＿＿articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he ＿＿about forty articles.
A.has been writing； has written B.has been writing； wrote
C.is writing； has been writing D.has written； has written
47.She ＿＿ to the office than she got down to writing the report.
A.has no sooner got B.had hardly got
C.no sooner got D.had no sooner got
48.When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge ＿＿from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.
A.was coming B.had come C.comes D.would come
49.In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they＿＿.
A.had just been dreaming B.are just dreaming
C.have just been dreaming D.had just dreamt
50.-What’ s the matter?
- The shoes don’ t fit properly.They＿＿＿＿my feet.
A.are hurting B.will hurt C.have hurt D.are hurt
动词时态、语态专练50题参考答案及简析
1.D。can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的，故用现在进行时。
2.A。expect, intend, want, wish, hope, plan 等动词的过去完成式可表示过去未曾实现的想法、愿望、打算等。
3.A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是take notice of...的被动语态结构，故选A。
4.B。根据主语与build之间的被动关系和now， 可知要选现在进行时的被动语态；因工厂正在修建，花费一年半应指将来。
5.C。shouldn’ t have done 表示“过去本不应……”。You did lose your temper 是You lost your temper 的强调形式。
6.D。现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直在进行的动作。
7.B。句意为：他们（现在）不愿买新衣服，因为他们在攒钱买电视。由此可见，攒钱是现阶段正在进行的动作。
8.C。担心是从过去某时到说话时为止一直在进行的动作，用现在完成时；expect 是在过去某一段时间里（整个晚上）正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。
9.B。论文已完成，花费一个月时间应指过去；某事花费某人多少时间用sth.takes sb.some time 结构。
10.D。交通现在已经好了，在此基础上正在变得更好。 11.A。题干没有构成“过去的过去”，不可选B。如选C、D则表示动作已完成，与have no idea相矛盾。过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作，不涉及结果，正好附合题干语境。
12.C。by then 是指将来的时间状语，排除A。再由句意可知，meet指的是到了十点钟时将正在进行的动作。
13.B。问句问的是前天回来之前去了哪儿，故用过去完成时。注意had gone表示人未回来，与第一句相矛盾。
14.D。for＋时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态，用现在完成时；meet发生在got to know 这一过去动作之前，用过去完成时。
15.D。用一般现在时表示现在的特征或状态。
16.B。come, go, leave, arrive, take 等动词常用进行时表砂将来。
17.D。表示过去没有做某事应用去时。又因句子没有“过去正在进行 ”之意，帮排除A。
18.B。问对方“去了哪里”，指的是从过去某时到现在为止的动作，用现在完成时；第二个空格是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和主句，条件状语从句If I hadn’ t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略。
19.C。在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去。
20.B。此句为复杂特殊疑问句结构，即“疑问词＋do you think (believe, suppose, expect, imagine, say, consider, guess等）＋其它（陈述语序）?”。
21.D。由but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。22.C。 always, often, constantly, forever, all the time 等副词与现在（过去）进行时连用，表示某种反复发生的动作，往往带有厌恶、不满、责备或赞扬等意味。
23.B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。
24.C。C项是was to have joined us in our discussion 的省略形式。was／were ＋ to have done表示原来计划、安排要做的事，而实际上并没有做。
25.B。当时他在听收音机。
26.D。表示按时刻表或日程安排要发生的事,应用一般现在时。
27.D。从句用的是一般现在时，故主句要用将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。
28.A。Look at this!说明东西已找到。紧接着说是怎样找到的。
29.C。根据答语，问句中的meet是过去发生的动作，可排除A、D。但不能选B，因为没有构成“过去的过去”。答语中用过去完成时的被动语态表示在我到达（过去动作）之前他已被人用车接走。
30.D。“没听”发生在对方（过去）问问题时，故用过去进行时。
31.A。此题选A表示现在的特征或状态。prefer属表示心理状态的动词，不能用于进时。32.B。表示在过去某一动作之前一直在进行，并有可能继续下去的动作，要用过去完成进行时。
33.A。cook发生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。
34.A。read 发生在the first time we met之时, 故用过去进行时。
35.B。动词wash, lock, sell, wear, write read, open, shut, clean等动词的主语是物，且又表示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。
36.C。play 在came in 之前已完成，而do some reading 的动作则即将开始。
37.C。will／shall ＋v.表示临时的决定，而be going to 表示已决定或安排要做的事。38.B。would ／ should like ＋ to have done表示过去未曾实现的愿望，故“未受邀请”应用一般过去时的被动语态。
39.B。by 后跟将来的时间状语时，主句要用将来完成时。go without 意为“在缺……的情况下对付”。
40.D。all but one 主语是all，且all在此指人，故谓语动词用复数；take place 属不及物动词短语，无被动语态；be about to后面不能跟具体的时间状语。
41.C。由对话情景可知，“周游世界”是现在正在进行的动作，而“实现”是到说话时为止已完成的动作；come true不能用于被动语态。
42.A。询问到说话时为止一段时间内某动作是否发生，要用现在完成时。
43.D。hear 发生在talked这一过去动作之前；never是含有否定意义的副词，放在句首时，句子应用倒装语序。
44.B。be用于进行时可表示一个暂时的特点或表现。What they are up to相当于What they are doing。
45.D。根据目前迹象判断将要发生的动作用be going to；if only 意为“但愿”，其后的句子用虚拟语气。
46.A。由these three years可知应选现在完成进行时，表示“写”从过去一直延续至今，并有可能继续下去；“写了40 篇”用现在完成时，表示到现在为止已完成的动作。 47.D。no sooner...than和hardly(scarcely)...when 均表示“一……就……”，且主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
48.C。宾语从句表示的是客观事实。
49.C。dream是从过去某时开始一延续到are woken up...and asked to report...这一现在动作之前的动作，故用现在完成进行时。
50.A。由What’ s the matter 和don’ t fit 可知，hurt是现在正在进行的动作。
【动词语态考点大观园】推荐阅读：
不定式的时态和语态05-24
动词短语英语06-18
非谓语动词专项讲解06-11
系动词分类及用法07-01
日语形容动词活用07-03
ify后缀的单词形成动词06-04
动词变职业名词的变化规则06-28
小学英语动词现在分词变化规则06-28
