bird是可数名词还是不可数名词?(精选11篇)
鸟消失在矮树丛中。
The bird flapped its wings furiously.
那只鸟使劲地拍打着翅膀。
There was a bird perched on the roof.
有一只鸟落在屋顶上。
A bird had pecked a hole in the sack.
一只鸟把袋子啄了个洞。
The bird fanned out its tail feathers.
这只鸟把尾羽展成扇形。
The bird caught the insects in mid-air.
一、可数名词可与不定冠词a/an连用,有复数形式;不可数名词不能与不定冠词a/an连用,没有复数形式。例如:
This is a car. Those are buses. 这是一辆小汽车,那些是公共汽车。
We can’t see air. 我们看不见空气。
【特别提醒】
表示特指时,可数名词和不可数名词前都要用定冠词the。例如:
Please give me the book. 请把那本书给我。
The bread on the table is mine. 桌上的面包是我的。
二、可数名词表示复数意义时可用many, a few(几个)等修饰,如:many boxes(很多盒子);不可数名词要用much, a little等修饰,如:much chicken(许多鸡肉), a little meat(一点肉)等。
【特别提醒】
可数名词和不可数名词都可被some, any, a lot of(=lots of)等修饰。如:some blenders(几个搅拌器), some salt(一些盐), a lot of apples(许多苹果), a lot of yogurt(许多酸奶)等。
三、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰,如:two doctors(两个医生), thirty children(三十个孩子)等;不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即:数词+表示量的名词+of+不可数名词。如:a cup of tea(一杯茶), two bottles of apple juice(两瓶苹果汁)等。
四、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式与主语的单、复数须保持一致;不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词须用单数。但若不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如:
There are some oranges on the tree. 树上有一些橘子。
There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有一些钱。
There are two glasses of milk on the table. 桌上有两杯牛奶。
五、对可数名词的数量提问时用how many;对不可数名词的数量提问时用how much,但对不可数名词前有表示数量的名词修饰语提问时要用how many。例如:
I can see two pictures on the wall.
→How many pictures can you see on the wall?
There is a little water in the bottle.
→How much water is there in the bottle?
There are three cups of tea on the table.
→How many cups of tea are there on the table?
需要注意的是,有些名词“身兼两职”,既可以用作可数名词,又可以用作不可数名词,其表达的含义不同。这类词常见的有:
1. fish用作可数名词,指鱼的尾数时单数和复数形式相同,如:one fish一尾鱼,two fish两尾鱼;指鱼的种类时其复数形式为fishes,如:two fishes 两种鱼。fish用作不可数名词时无复数形式,意思是“鱼肉”。例如:
Ronny caught three huge fish this afternoon. 罗尼今天下午捕到三条大鱼。
There is some fish on the plate. 盘子里有一些鱼肉。
2. room用作可数名词时意思是“房间”;用作不可数名词时意为“空间;余地”。例如:
We had better find a room to live in. 我们最好找个房间住下。
Can you make room for the old woman, young man? 年轻人,你能给老太太让个地方吗?
3. chicken用作可数名词时意为“(小)鸡”;用作不可数名词时意为“鸡肉”。例如:
It looks like a chicken. But I don’t think chickens can swim.
它看起来像鸡,但是我认为鸡不会游泳。
Help yourself to some chicken. 请吃些鸡肉。
4. orange用作可数名词时意为“桔子,橙子”;用作不可数名词时意为“桔汁,橙汁”。例如:
There are a few oranges on the tree. 树上有几个桔子。
Would you like another cup of orange? 你想再喝一瓶桔汁吗?
5. sport用作可数名词时意为“体育运动;野外运动”;用作不可数名词时意为“体育运动(总称)”。例如:
My favourite sports are tennis and swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是网球和游泳。
Why is there so much sport on TV? 为什么电视上的体育节目这么多?
6. hair用作可数名词时指“单根的(人或动物的)毛发”;用作不可数名词时指“毛发”的总称。例如:
My mother has some white hairs in her head. 我母亲头上有几根白发。
The cat has a fine coat of hair. 这只猫长着一身好毛。
Kate’s hair is long. 凯特的头发长。
7. work用作可数名词时意为“著作;作品”;用作不可数名词时意为“工作;职业”。例如:
That’s a work of art. 那是一件艺术品。
I have a lot of work to do today. 今天我有许多工作要做。
8. exercise用作可数名词时意为“练习;作业;体操”;用作不可数名词时意为“运动,(体育)锻炼”。例如:
Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对身体有益。
If you want to be thinner, you must take enough exercise.
如果你想再瘦一点,你必须多运动。
9. time用作可数名词时意为“次数,倍数”;用作不可数名词时意为“时间”。例如:
We have meals three times a day. 我们一天吃三顿饭。
Let’s hurry; there’s little time left. 咱们快点,几乎没有时间了。
10. glass用作可数名词时意为“玻璃杯”;用作不可数名词时意为“玻璃”。例如:
There are two glasses of milk on the table. 桌上有两杯牛奶。
Glass can be made into bottles. 玻璃能制成瓶子。
11. paper用作可数名词时意为“考卷、论文、报纸”;用作不可数名词时意为“纸、纸张”。例如:
Please help me hand out the papers. 请帮我分发试卷。
同根词组:cream cake
释义:奶油蛋糕。
语法:cake用作名词的基本意思是“糕,糕饼”,引申可表示类似糕饼的食物或块状物。cake作“糕,糕饼”解时,既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。“一块蛋糕”常用a piece of cake来表示。作“饼状食物”“块状物”解时,一般只用作可数名词。
用法例句:Apple pie or cream cake.
1、直接加-s.
如: tree-trees树, desk-desks桌 card-cards, parent-parents,
2、以s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es.
如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 手表, brush-brushes 刷子, glass-glasses.
3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的,改y为i再加es.
如:country-countries 国家、乡村, city-cities 城市, baby-babies, family-families,
特例::boy-boys, monkey-monkeys, toy-toys, play-plays(剧本)
4、以f或者fe 结尾的词,改f为v,再加es.
译文:不要吃太多的奶制品。
2、food作为不可数名词:Food and drink are essential to life.
译文:食物和水是维持生命所必不可少的。
词语辨析:food, diet, provisions, rations, table.
n.(名词)
这五个词都可作“食物”解。其区别在于:
1、food是一般用语,在科学上指把植物作为营养的东西,常有plant food那样的用法;
2、diet指惯常的或规定的食物,特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物,又指疗养时规定的食物,也指肉食或素食等食物。常指病人,犯人,减肥者等吃的.食物;
3、provisions意为“一批粮食”,指即时应用或储藏备用的食物;
4、rations指配给的定量食物;
【主持】 如何界定一个名词是可数名词还是不可数名词呢?
【嘉宾】 可以用数目计量的名词是可数名词,不可以用数目计量的名词是不可数名词。一般来说,不可数名词大多是一些表示物质或抽象概念的名词。如water, tea, homework等。
焦点2: 特点归纳
【主持】 不可数名词有哪些特点呢?
【嘉宾】1.不可数名词没有复数形式。比如“一些面包”只能说some bread,而不能说some breads。
2.不可数名词不能直接用不定冠词、数词或many等来修饰,但可用some, a little, much等修饰。例如:
There is some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。
3.不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
Some money is on the desk. 课桌上有些钱。
焦点3: 数量表达
【主持】 怎样表示不可数名词的数量呢?
【嘉宾】 要表示不可数名词的数量,常用“a/an或数词+表示量的可数名词+of+不可数名词”结构。表示量的可数名词应与前面的修饰语在数上保持一致。例如:
There is a cup of coffee on the table.桌上有一杯咖啡。
I’d like two pieces of bread. 我要两片面包。
焦点4: 数量询问
【主持】 如何询问不可数名词的数量呢?
【嘉宾】 对不可数名词的量进行询问时,要用how much。例如:
They want twenty bottles of water.→How much water do they want?
但对不可数名词前表量的名词进行询问时,则要用how many。例如:
They want twenty bottles of water.→How many bottles of water do they want?
【考题例析】
1. Some ____ are playing under the tree.
A. boyB. boysC. childsD. child
解析:考查名词单复数。所给句子中,be动词用are,且空格前为some,说明主语应为复数形式,排除A、D两项;child的复数形式为children,排除C项;boy的复数为boys,故选B。
2. Look!Two ____ (monkey) are eating bananas over there.
解析:考查可数名词复数的变化规则。由句中two可知,monkey应用复数形式。以辅音字母加y结尾的可数名词变复数时,需把y变为i再加-es,如:family复数为families。但monkey不符合此规则,其复数形式是在词尾直接加-s。故答案为monkeys。
3. 根据汉语意思翻译句子。
你想喝两瓶牛奶吗?
________________?
people的`基本意思是“人,人们”,是集体名词,没有复数形式,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数。泛指“人们”时其前不加定冠词the。
people与定冠词the连用时,其含义为“人民(群众)”,指一个国家的或全世界的人民或者与统治阶级相对的“人民”,没有复数形式。
There are frequent contacts between the peoples of the two countries.
两国人民之间交往频繁。
We hope from now on there will be more exchanges between our two peoples.
希望今后两国人民之间有更多的`交往。
Our two peoples share the same experience of having been oppressed by imperialism.
我们两国人民都有遭受帝国主义压迫的共同经历。
Both sides consider it desirable to further the understanding between the two peoples.
1.I started with the Viennese speciality frittatensuppe, or pancake soup.
我吃的第一道菜是维也纳特色菜鸡蛋饼汤,也叫炒饼汤。
2.Drain the beans thoroughly and save the stock for soup.
将豆角彻底控干,并把滤出的豆汁留下做汤。
3.She has a knack of landing herself right in the soup.
她老是让自己的`处境很尴尬。
4.He had spoiled the soup by putting in too much salt.
他往汤里放盐太多,把汤给糟蹋了。
5.This soup is a spicy variation on a traditional favourite.
the potato is a vegetable, not a fruit. 土豆是一种蔬菜,不是水果。
marble is a precious stone. 大理石是一种珍贵的石料。
my doctor told me to avoid fatty foods such as bacon or hamburgers. 我的医生叫我避免吃油腻的食物,如咸肉或汉堡包。
(2) 抽象胜名词转化为可数名词:有些抽象名词表示具体的事物时,可以用作可数名词。如:
help 帮助 → help 帮手
shame 遗憾 → pity遗憾的事
pleasure 快乐 → pleasure 乐事
success 成功 → success 成功的人或事
surprise惊奇 → surprise令人惊奇的事
disappointment 失望 → disappointment 令人失望的人或事
(3) 特殊物质名词的数量表示:当要表示“一场 / 段 / 件 / 种……”等意思时,某些物质名词前可用不定冠词,但此时通常有形容词或of短语修饰。如:
a heavy snow was falling. 当时正下着一场大雪。
a fine rain began to fall. 开始下起一阵小雨。
另外,表示“一杯 / 罐 / 瓶”的tea, coffee, drink, beer等,可以用a(n)或数词修饰,也有复数形式。如:
two beers, please. 请来两杯啤酒。
two teas and a coffee, please. 请来两杯茶和一杯咖啡。
i ordered two coffees and an ice-cream. 我叫了两杯咖啡和一份冰淇淋。
不可数名词 集体名词 不规则名词单复数
【不可数名词】
1、最常见的不可数名词有:advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic
2、其它不可数名词还有:absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work(工作)
【集合名词】
有些集合名词,ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等,在意义上是复数,但在语法形式上是单数,这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。
例如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.(一)通常作复数的集体名词
包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等,这些集体名词通常用作复数。例如:
The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.(二)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
通常作不可数名词的集体名词,包括poultry,foliage,machinery, equipment,furniture, merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。例如:
Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.(三)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。
例如:
The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.【不规则名词】
名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。如: an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。
2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a pers on,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。如: The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。b.news 是不可数名词。c.the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼 【双写】 在不特殊的情况下,当原形最后一个音节为重读闭音节时,需要双写。比如:swim——swimming run——running put——putting begin——begging 想不起来都是双写的.不一定都只有一个元音字母
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