悲惨世界英语读后感带翻译(共11篇)
Many primary and high school students learn to smoke, from film and smoking people around him began to imitate. To see people smoking, feel very cool, oneself also learn to get up. Choking tears dc at the beginning, the passage of time is formed the bad habit of smoking. Remember my father once told a story, a junior high school students get into the habit of smoking at an early age, there have been three or four years of smoking. Test of time due to made the illusions about nicotine addiction, asks for leave to go to the bathroom, is actually to smoke. There are smokers also know the harm of smoking, many times to give up smoking. But, quit smoking, smoke ring again, is difficult to success, is really a leopard cannot change its spots. It seems that good habits need to constantly efforts, get rid of a bad habit is also need to overcome many difficulties.
In 23rd ”world no tobacco day“ is coming, I in the name of the little reporter initiative, let us away from tobacco, say goodbye to bad habits, love life, embrace health.
吸烟有害健康是家喻户晓的常识,也是在公共场所常见的温馨提示。吸烟者往往是满身烟味,一口黄牙,另外,吸烟人得肺癌和心脑血管疾病的机率远远大于不吸烟者。吸烟的人会缩短寿命,被动吸烟者受到危害会更大,这和慢性自杀没什么两样。
很多中小学生学习抽烟,是从影视和身边抽烟的人模仿开始的。看到别人抽烟的样子,觉得非常的酷,自己也学了起来。一开始呛的眼泪直流,久而久之就养成了抽烟的不良习惯。记得爸爸曾经讲过一个故事,有一位初中生从小就养成了吸烟的习惯,已经有三四年的烟龄了。考试的时候由于犯了烟瘾,请假上厕所,其实是去抽烟。还有的吸烟者也知道吸烟的坏处,多次戒烟。可是,戒了又抽,抽了再戒,难以成功,真是积习难改。看来,好习惯的养成需要不断的努力,改掉一个坏习惯也需要克服许多困难。
关键词:英语世界,中国现当代文学,翻译
当前我国已经将“走出去”作为传播文化的重要战略,而中国现当代文学翻译的水平则对文化传播成果产生重要影响,这一课题目前受到国内外出版界与学术界的广泛关注。以下将对英语世界中国现当代文学翻译的现状进行分析,并提出今后发展的优化对策。
一、翻译选材现状与对策
目前英语世界翻译的中国现当代文学作品有很多,题材范围宽广,但是普遍缺乏系统性,具体问题表现在以下几方面:首先,选择的作品大多受到作家所处学术地位的影响。例如,夏志清在《现代小说史》中表扬了张爱玲的文学作品具有艺术美感,所以张爱玲作品被广泛关注并大批量翻译,如《金锁记》、《色、戒》等均被翻译为英文版本,知名译者包括Julie Lovell,Karen Kingsbury等;再有,瑞典汉学家马悦然对我国山西作家李锐和曹乃谦的作品予以肯定,英国国家大量翻译他们的作品;其次,英美出版商大多关注我国被贴上“禁书”标签的作品,忽视了我国文学作品的质量水平。虽然一些作品翻译成英文,但是没能体现出文学价值与艺术价值。再有,目前翻译的中国现当代文学作品以小说和诗歌为主,剧本翻译较少,究其原因很多外国读者阅读中国文学作品,主要目的是了解我国社会学著作,而真正关注我国文学的读者非常少。
解决翻译选材的问题,应该从改进选题方式着手。中国现当代文学的翻译选题应该着眼于全球目光,体现当今主流价值观,如人性、权利、自由、环保、尊严等,这些能够引起全球读者兴趣的话题,更易产生共鸣。通过选择翻译作品,体现了我国的独特文化,也表现了我国融入世界文化的意识,因此选材要体现我国的民族精神、民族气派。
二、国际市场接受现状与对策
英语世界中国现当代文学翻译的水平将直接影响我国作品在世界的传播效果,而文学作品的销量则是最好的反馈。但是从调查结果来看,目前我国文学作品在国外的销售情况并不理想,尤其是美国、英国等发达国家的图书馆中鲜有中国现当代文学作品,分析原因主要为:首先,大多读者对亚洲国家尤其是中国的了解较少,对我国的研究有限,缺乏兴趣;更有一些西方专家学者对我国的文学作品存有偏见,往往以西方国家的眼光评判其他国家作品,认为我国文学作品的艺术性欠佳,缺乏美感;其次,我国本土作家也应针对作品翻译的现状从自身查找原因。过去,我国作家的创作受到文化大革命的影响与制约,始终围绕“服务与政治”展开,而很多作家根本不懂外语,写作时过于随性,没有从国际发展角度选择写作题材,写作的内容不具备国际化视野,写作技巧与国际作品需求不相符,作品略显粗糙。再有,翻译不精准,缺乏专业的汉英译人才,也是阻碍我国现当代文学作品进入世界文学领域的重要原因;即使我国有很多优秀的现当代文学作品,但是无人有能力翻译,影响了翻译质量水平,不仅无法还原作品本意,还可能导致外国读者对我国文学作品产生误解和负面看法,例如,Eoyang认为一些译者在翻译中国现当代文学时类似于基督教中“说方言”的形式:“scholarly glossolalia or academic speaking in tongues”,认为很多时候翻译并不是以交流为目的,而是单纯的直译。这是由于国外读者本身对我国的文化、政治、发展等不了解,他们只有通过文学作品认识中国,如果不能如实翻译作品内容,必将影响我国文学作品的水平。
我国现当代文学作品走入世界,必须迎合海外读者的风格,适应国际文学作品的接受环境,这就需要针对国外文学环境、国外读者需求等进行深入分析。
我国对西方文化的引入与翻译经过了多年历史,但是西方国家主动翻译我国文学作品却时间较短,由于文化基础薄弱,导致西方国家的读者难以接受我国的文学作品。尤其西方国家的普通读者对我国作品的认知度不足,仅能从浅层次了解我国文化发展,对我国文学作品的接受水平和接受程度偏低;过去,西方国家的作品为了迎合我国读者需要,将作品中的很多章节删减、修改,并将小说以章回体的形式表达,便于我国读者理解和接受。因此,我国现当代文学作品对外翻译也要考虑西方读者实际情况,不能过于贪婪,而是注重作品的质量。鉴于西方国家的读者对我国作品认识有限,可减少全译本的数量,适当推出改写本、节译本,循序渐进地过渡到全译本,则更利于国外读者的接受与认可。另外,我国文学作家也要提高国际发展意识,了解国外的文学研究水平、文学研究方向等,向国外输送更多专业的汉学家,了解国外对中国现当代文学作品的评价情况,加强与国外汉学界的合作,翻译出更多适合国外读者的译本作品。
英语谜语带翻译
1.what is the longest word in the world? key:smile.谜语解析:因为两个S隔了一里(mile)2.what letter is an animal? key--B(Bee)哪个字母是一个动物 答案:B 3.What letter stands for the ocean? key:C(sea)哪个字母坐落在海边?答案:C(sea)4.what letter is a question? key:Y 哪个字母是一个问题? 英语谜语答案:Y(why)5.what letter is your eye? key:I
哪个字母是你的眼睛? 答案:I(eye)
I am weak in Chinese, so I don’t like Chinese class, but Miss Li can make the class very active and funny, all the students focus their minds.
Now my Chinese improves, I owe it to Miss Li.
翻译:
我的中文老师是李老师,她给我留下很深的印象,第一天见到她,我就喜欢上她,因为她对我们都很好。我不擅长语文,因此我不喜欢语文课,但是李老师能让课堂很活跃和生动有趣,所有的学生都能集中精神。
这天妈妈告诉我立刻我们就要去桂林玩了。我很高兴也很期盼。因为那里的景色很美。但是还要等一天,我有点迫不及待了。我想,那里的人必须很有礼貌。我也要学着礼貌一点。只有这样,我们才能和睦相处。
Mother told me that we will go to Guilin for a trip today。 I am very excited because the views there are beautiful。 But there is still one day to go and I feel impatient。 I think people there must be polite and so should I。 Otherwise, we couldnt get well along with each other。
The market was very crowded and busy with nearly all kinds of goods on display. Some sellers were shouting at the top of their voice to attract the attention of the people. Housewives were picking out vegetables and bargaining with the sellers. A man was selling fresh fish, which were swimming in a big basin, and a lot of buyers crowded around it and chose what they wanted. One fruit seller, standing behind piles of fresh fruit, greeted me Warmly, trying to persuade me to buy some. He felt a little disappointed when I shook my head.
What a busy and noisy market!
今天早上,我起得很早,第一次去市场替妈妈买菜。
市场非常拥挤,一些商贩大声吆喝着,试图吸引人们的.注意力。家庭主妇们一边挑选蔬菜,一边和卖主讨价还加。一名男子在卖鲜鱼,鱼儿在大盆里游着,许多买者挤在周围挑选。一名水果商站在成堆的新鲜水果后面,和我热情地打招呼,想说服我买些水果。看到我不买时流露出失望的神情。
I have many friend,but my best friend is Lily.She is a beautiful girl.She has big eyes and the eyes are black. She is taller than me. She study is very well.Teacher and other students like her.She can go on well with everyone We often share happiness and sorrow.I like study and play with her. I think she is my real friend.
翻译如下:
我有很多朋友,但我比较好的朋友是Lily。她是个漂亮的女孩。她有双又大又黑的眼睛。她比我高。她的学习非常好。教师和别的同学都喜欢她.她能够和每个人都相处的很融洽。我们经常分享快乐和悲伤。我喜欢和她在一起学习与玩耍。我想她是我真正的朋友。
literature flourishes best when it is half a trade and half an art. (wiliam rplph lnge, birtish writer and churchman) 当文学一半成为贸易,一半成为艺术时,那是它最繁荣的时期。(英国作家和牧师 英奇. w.r.)
if you don’t learn to think when you are young , you may never learn.(thomas edison , american inventor) 如果你年轻时就没有学会思考,那么就永远学不会思考。(美国发明家 爱迪生 . t.)
better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune .(plato , ancient greek philosopher) 与其不受教育,不如不生,因为无知是不幸的根源.(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)
genius17 without education is like silver in the mine. (benjamin franklin , american president) 未受教育的天才,犹如矿中之银。 (美国总统 富兰克. b.)
the roots of education are bitter , but the fruit is sweet .(aristotle , ancient greek philosopher) 教育的根是苦的,但其果实是甜的。(古希腊哲学家 亚里士多德)
did you ever expect a corporation to have a conscience, when it has no soul to damned, and no body to be kicked? (edward thurlow, british lawyer) 公司既没有灵魂可以被诅咒,又没有躯体可以被踢翻,难道你指望它有什么良心吗?(英国律师 瑟洛杉矶 .e.)
economy the poor man’s mints; extravagance the rich man’s pitfall.(martin tupper. american economist.) 节约是穷人的造币厂,浪费是富人的陷阱。(美国经济学家 塔珀 .m.)
a friendship founded on business is better than business founded on friendship. (john davision rockefeller, american businessman) 建立在商务基础上的友谊胜过建立在友谊基础上的商务。(美国实业家 洛克菲勒 j d.)
英语请假条
周莹霞 november 12, 2015 请假条(written request for leave)是英语学习者必须掌握的常用应用文之一,也是高考要求掌握的写作话题之一,它包括请病假(note for sick leave)和请事假(leave of absence)。请假条用于向老师或上级领导等因身体状况不好或因某事请求准假的场合。
一、写作指南: 1.英文中请假条的写法和汉语请假条相同, 它一般由四部分组成,即时间、称呼、正文和签名,在高考中,时间、称呼和签名一般会给出。全文一般分为三段。2.请假条是一种简单的书信文体, 其书写格式与书信有很多相似之处,是简化的书信,要有合适的开头和结尾句,同时具备一般书信的人称和时态等特点。3.请假条要求开门见山、内容简短、用词通俗易懂,口语化。
二、常用句式:
1.i’m writing to you to ask a sick leave.我在给你写信请病假。2.i ask you for sick leave of three days.我请3天病假。3.i’m sorry that i can’t go to school today, so i want to ask for two days of sick leave.很抱歉今天我无法上学了,所以我想请两天病假。4.i wonder if you could give me your permission.你是否同意我请假呢。5.i hope you can approve my leave.望准假!6.your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.承蒙惠准,感激不尽。7.i’ll go back to school as soon as i am well enough.and i’ll do my best to make up for the missing lessons during my absence 我病一好了就会尽快回校。并且我会尽我所能去补上所缺的课程。8.sick leave 病假 a casual /absence leave 事假 9.i am very/really/terribly/extremely sorry to tell you that i cannot attend your english classes today.很抱歉我今天不能上您的英语课。10.i have to go to see the doctor.我得看医生。11.i want to ask for four days’leave from tuesday to friday.我想请假4天,时间是从周二到周五。12.i enclose a doctor’s certificate.我附上了医生证明。(注意:有的请假条为了说明其请假事由是真实的,在正文之后另起一行,写上这句)
三、写作模板:
提出请假 + 阐述请假事由(并致歉)+ 希望获准
请假条全文一般分为三段。
第一段:开门见山,有礼貌地提出请假。中心明确,写清楚请假的时间及日期。
第二段:简单明了陈述请假的原因事由。叙述清楚明白,并尽可能表达因此带来的工作或学习上的不便的歉意。
第三段:希望获准,或等候答复。写上希望获得准假的句子,或者具体等候答复的时间。
四、范文例析
(一)sep.28 dear mr.peter, i would like to know if i could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on april 4th,this wednesday.(提出请假及时间)thanks.i will call you at 1:30 p.m.or you can call me at any time.(等候答复)(many thanks.im looking forward to your kind answer.)(希望获准)earnestly yours,li hua
(二)dear mr li i beg to apply for two days’ leave of absence from the 7th to 8th of this week.i’m sorry to tell you that because i was seriously ill--suffering severe headache, i want to return/go home to see the doctor.as regards the lesson to be missed during my absence, i will do my best to make them up as soon as i get back from leave.to support my application, here i herewith/enclose the sick leave certificate.? i should be very much obliged if you will grant me my application.yours respectfully, li hua
五、类文演练
假定你是李华, 按如下提示给ms.riddle 写一张事假条。
内容要点:昨晚你接到你表哥的电话,他现在正在城郊经营着一家小公司。现在他需要一个英语口语翻译两天了,但是还是无法找到最可信赖的人,所以找你帮忙。你给老师写了请假条,要求请假本周星期三上午的英语口语课。
注意:1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。dear ms.riddle,_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________ earnestly yours,li hua 【参考范文】 dear ms.riddle,i would like to know if i could ask for a casual leave of absence from your oral english class this wednesday morning.yesterday evening i got a phone call from my cousin, who is now running a small firm in suburbs of this city.he needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try.personally, i regard this as a golden opportunity to put what i have learned in your class into practice, but i need your permission of absence.if you think i may go and help him get over the difficulty, i am confident that i’ll do a good job and both of us will be grateful.thanks.your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.earnestly yours,li hua篇三:英语请假条的格式
英语请假条的格式 请假条(written request for leave)是英语学习者必须掌握的常用应用文之一,它包括请病假(note for sick leave)和请事假(leave of absence)。请假条是用于向老师或上级领导等因身体状况不好或因某事请求准假的场合。
英文请假条写作需注意三点: 1.英文中请假条的写法和汉语请假条相同,它一般由四部分组成,即时间、称呼、正文和签名。2.一般而言,可认定请假条是一种简单的书信文体。请假条一般写在纸上,不用信封。其书写格式与书信有很多相似之处,是书信的大大简化。3.请假条的特点是要求开门见山、内容简短、用词通俗易懂。
【范文例析】
假如你是王立。昨天你和同学们去农场帮助农民们摘苹果,不幸(unluckily)从梯子上摔下来伤了腿,但伤得不重。医生让你在家里好好休息。因此,你向高老师请假两天(ask for leave for two days)。(2002新疆乌鲁木齐中考题)【参考范文】 sep.28 dear miss gao, im sorry i can’t go to school today.i helped the farmers pick apples with my classmates on the farm yesterday.unluckily, i fell off the ladder and hurt my leg, but i wasnt badly hurt.the doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest.so i ask for leave for two days.your student wang li 【范例2】请事假: dear ms.riddle,i would like to know if i could ask for a casual leave of absence from your oral english class this wednesday morning.yesterday evening i got a phone call from my cousin, who is now running a small firm in suburbs of this city.he needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person,so he wants me to have a try.personally,i regard this as a golden opportunity to put what i have learned in your class into practice,but i need your permission of absence.if you think i may go and help him get over the difficulty,i am confident that i ll do a good job and both of us will grateful.earnestly yours,sam篇四:英语请假条的书写格式及范文
请假条是请求领导或老师或其它,准假不参加某项工作、学习、活动的文书。
鉴于许多同学和工作的朋友对请假条的写法及格式比较模糊,本站精选4篇关于请假条格式请假条范文/范本,供参考:
通用请假条格式
请假条一般应包括以下几个部分:正文的第一行最中间应写上“请假条”字样。
【格式】 1.居中写标题“请假条”。2.请假对象的称呼。要顶格写,并在后面加冒号。3.请假原由。要另起一行,空两格。主要写明请假的原因和请多长时间假。4.请假起止时间。5.祝颂语。6.请假人签名。
7.请假时间。写在正文的右下方。
请假条备案记录格式(班委用)姓名:寝室:电话:
请假所去地址:
请假所去地点联系方式:
请假事由:
预计返校时间:批假人:
附注:请假条用黑色钢笔或圆珠笔写好,由当天请假同学提前写好交班长签字后给班主任。未经请假离开以擅自离校处理。
班长将请假条备案条统一收好并记载,纪检委员到班长处了解请假情况再作考评.请假条写法范例
本来要上班或参加各种活动,但因个人有事或身体方面的原因不能上班,出席活动,要向主管部门或领导请假,这就是请假条.
例如: 请假条
学校党支部: 因母亲突患急病,需住院治疗,我不能参加本周星期六的党课和其他活动,请批准. 张大明
2007.6.30 [范例参考]
请假条 xx培训中心: 因我行于1月10日晚举行员工大会,任何人不得缺席,所以本人1月10日晚不能回校参加
培训。特此请假、恳望批准!此致
敬礼
银行海珠支行
营业部刘
2008年11月28日
学校假条写法/请假流程
从这几天请假的情况来看,有同学对班级请假过程仍不太熟悉,这里我把班级请假流程以及请假条样本给大家重新贴出来,希望以后大家不要再有什么不明白的了.请假流程:请假人->班长(副班长)->班主任
说明请假原因,领取填写假条,班长审批并备案
审批假条
上缴假条给班主任
请假条
尊敬的老师: 您好!我是06级电子商务专业直属班的学生,因为,需要请假(时间)从到,去往地点,请假期间有效联系方式:。
本人保证往返途中的个人人身和财产安全,在不耽误学习课程和任何集体活动的前提下,恳请您批准,谢谢!
班长(副班长)意见: 班主任意见:
本人签名:
日期:
英语版本 to: john smith, supervisor from: george chen, accounting department date: march 11, 2001 subject: casual leave of absence john, i would like to know if i could ask for a casual leave of absence from march 23 to 27.i will call you at 1:30p.m.or you can call me at any time.to: peter stone, manager from: lynn chen, financial department date: april 2nd, 2004 subject: casual leave of absence peter, i would like to know if i could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on april 4th, this wednesday.concerning my workload: as wednesday is not as busy as the other weekdays, i think a one-day leave this wednesday may be the best solution.i apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.thanks.i will call you at 1:30p.m.or you can call me at any time.假设你叫tom,你昨天在学校游泳池游泳患了感冒,今天早上觉得头疼,你母亲给你量了体温后,发现你发烧,便带你去看医生,医生说你需要卧床休息两天,特向老师请假。给老师写一张70—100字的请假条
时间:2005年6月8日。one possible version: june 8, 2005 dear sir, im sorry to tell you that i cant go to school today, ive caught a cold because i swam in the schools swimming pool yesterday.this morning i had a headache.after taking my temperature, my mother found that i had a high fever, immediately she took me to see a doctor, who advised me to stay in bed for 2 days.now i am writing to you to ask for 2 days sick leave.your students, tom(派乐多英语网站提供。)篇五:英文请假条格式 英文请假条格式
请假条(written request for leave)是英语学习者必须掌握的常用应用文之一,它包括请病假(note for sick leave)和请事假(leave of absence)。请假条是用于向老师或上级领导等因身体状况不好或因某事请求准假的场合。
英文请假条写作需注意三点: 1.英文中请假条的写法和汉语请假条相同,它一般由四部分组成,即时间、称呼、正文和签名。
2.一般而言,可认定请假条是一种简单的书信文体。请假条一般写在纸上,不用信封。其书写格式与书信有很多相似之处,是书信的大大简化。3.请假条的特点是要求开门见山、内容简短、用词通俗易懂。
【范文例析】
假如你是王立。昨天你和同学们去农场帮助农民们摘苹果,不幸(unluckily)从梯子上摔下来伤了腿,但伤得不重。医生让你在家里好好休息。因此,你向高老师请假两天(ask for leave for two days)。(2002新疆乌鲁木齐中考题)【参考范文】 sep.28 dear miss gao, im sorry i cant go to school today.i helped the farmers pick apples with my classmates on the farm yesterday.unluckily, i fell off the ladder and hurt my leg, but i wasnt badly hurt.the doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest.so i ask for leave for two days.wang li dear mr/ms xxx;today im writing to you to ask for a five-day leave, for ive got cold last night with carelessness.this morning my mother took me to see the doctor, who told me to stay in bed for some days.so i am very sorry to be absent from school, especially your interesting lessons.ill be sure to make up for the missed lessons after i recover from the illness.yours ever, xxx.尊敬/亲爱的xxx;
我今天给您写信是要请5天的假,因为我昨天晚上不小心感冒了。今天早上,我妈妈带我去看了大夫,大夫告诉我要在家里躺几天。所以,我对缺课,特别是不能上您那有趣的课,感到难过。我病好后一定把漏掉的课程补上。
此致
Ah ha, when I get up, it was time for lunch. But I really have a lot of work to do, I must write words English dairy, then learned “Li yang” English, then …… .Oh, my god, if I do it in the afternoon, I will ready to dead. So I wrote words, now I’m writing my English dairy. Wish I could finish these works today. Bye! 7月6号 星期二 多云
哈哈,当我起床的时候,刚好到了午餐时间。但我真的`有很多工作要做,我必须写单词,然后学习李阳疯狂英语然后……哦,我的上帝,如果我要一直做到下午,我真的快死了。因此我在写单词,写我的英文日记。希望我能完成今天这些任务。再见了!
初中英语作文:My Favourite
Hello! My name is Dong jingyao. I have many friends. Zhang jingwen is one of my best friends. (But I have one good friend. Her name is Zhang jingwen.)
I like green. She likes blue. Because many trees are green, and the sky is blue.
My favourite subject is Chinese. Because I like to write stories. Zhang jingwen’s favourite subject is art. Because she likes to draw pictures.
Jeans are my favourite clothes. Skirt is Zhang jingwen’s favourite clothes. We are different!
I like panda and banana. Zhang jingwen likes birds and banana. We (both) like noodles. We like play on the computer. Computer games are interesting!
We are very very good friends! Do you think so?
译文如下:
我最喜欢的
大家好!我叫董竞遥。我有许多朋友,张竞文是我的好朋友之一。
我喜欢绿色,她喜欢蓝色。因为树是绿的,天是蓝的。
我最喜欢的`课程是语文,因为我喜欢写故事。张竞文最喜欢的课程是美术,因为她喜欢画画。
牛仔裤是我最喜欢的衣服,裙子是张竞文最喜欢的衣服。我们是不同的!
我喜欢熊猫和香蕉,张竞文喜欢小鸟和香蕉。我们都喜欢面条。我们喜欢玩电脑。电脑游戏多有趣啊!
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