留学文书范例

留学文书范例（共6篇）

留学文书范例 篇1

美国留学申请文书写作技巧和范例，一般校方在申请高峰期每天要阅读数百名申请者的材料，平均下来每套材料的阅读时间只有不到十分钟的时间，因此需要学生有技巧的进行文书写作。

关键字： 美国留学申请文书写作技巧和范例，美国留学申请文书写作技巧,美国留学申请文书

美国留学申请文书写作技巧和范例：近几年来，随着文书写作在留学申请中的重要性逐渐被大家认识，这样一个事实也渐渐浮出水面--一篇逻辑不通、语言混乱的申请信能使背景很强分数很高的申请者连一封录取信都拿不到，而一套精心制作、文采飞扬的申请材料能够使背景非常普通的申请者从数千名申请者中脱颖而出。

一般来讲，校方在申请高峰期每天要阅读数百名申请者的材料，平均下来，每套材料的阅读时间只有不到十分钟的时间，有的甚至更短。我们团队有几个人因为家离要申请的学校不远，因此他们自己申请的时候曾经亲自到过学校。每位老师面前都摆着半人高的申请材料，他们的阅读速度非常快，几分钟读完一篇，简单作些记号就换下一篇，只是偶尔被一些佳文所吸引。

美国留学申请文书写作技巧和范例，说到吸引，这里有一个误区。有的申请者(包括他们本国申请者)认为只要能显得与众不同就能吸引校方的注意，因此挖空心思地使用一些很不得体的语句。曾经有一位法学院的申请者在申请信中第一句话就说“The first thing I need to do is to kill all lawyers”，这种“与众不同”的结果大家可想而知。

我们中国申请者在还有一个更容易犯的错误就是，总是试图在申请信中把生平的所有经历都囊括进去。我们不少朋友的申请信从自己呱呱坠地开始写起，小学中学大学作过什么事得过什么奖，一一罗列。看似内容很多，可通篇读完后阅读者留不下任何印象。其实申请信不是简历，也不是记叙文，而是建立在记叙上的议论文，记叙是说发生在你身上的事，议论指这些事给你带来的影响和你对这些影响的看法。全文应该非常主观，这也是你向校方表达你主观想法的最好的(如果不是唯一的)机会，那些客观的部分请交给申请材料中的其他内容(如成绩单、简历等)来表达。就好象我们家里用菜刀切菜，刀刃磨得再快但如果离开了沉重的刀背切不了菜，反过来刀背再厚实但如果没有锋利的刀刃还是没法用。在这个例子中，申请信是刀刃，其他客观材料就是刀背。

话说回来，那怎样才能吸引来校方的注意力并使其持续保持呢?方法就是使校方阅读者产生心灵上的共鸣，使其觉得阅读你的文章是一种享受，其实这也是留学文书写作的高境界。我们可以分两步来做，第一步，选好要说的;第二步，说好所选的。

说到写作素材的选择，大家会面临两种情况，有的朋友会觉得自己想说的事太多了，按照学校规定的篇幅根本就写不下，还有的朋友认为自己很平凡很普通，根本就没什么可说的。先说第一种情况，首先，有的学校对申请材料特别是PS在篇幅上有限制，即使没有篇幅限制，洋洋洒洒数千字的文章只会使本来就头昏脑胀的校方阅读者的眉头皱得更紧。其次，文章的重点应该是事件对你产生的影响和你对此的看法，而不是那些事件本身，明白这点后，你对篇幅限制的那种紧迫感就会大为减少，剩下的问题就只是怎么安排先后和主次。第二种情况更为普遍一些，很多朋友第一次写申请信的时候觉得根本就无话可说，无从下笔。解决这个问题又要分两步，第一问问自己想通过文章向校方树立什么样的形象，第二找到合适的切入点，再延伸开来一点一滴的把这个形象树立起来。在睿智联合的笔下，每个申请者，哪怕其背景再普通再单纯，都是对事业充满理想和报负、对生活充满激情和感触的独特个体。这种理想和激情都是真实存在的，也许朋友们自己感觉不到，但是我们能挖掘出来。

选好要说什么后，怎么将其说好呢，这就是语言层面的问题了。正如前文所说，一套真正优秀的留学文书能够打动校方阅读者，使其产生一种共鸣。但这并不是说要把文章写得悲悲切切，尽说些不幸的遭遇，以博取读者的同情。我们所追求的这种“共鸣”实际上是指读者对全文逻辑性和合理性的一种认可，就好象我们在读小说的时候那种“会心”的感觉。

留学文书写作方法之摆事实 篇2

我认识他是在1984年，当时他来曼哈顿的时代-生活大厦（Time-Life Building）与编辑们共进午餐，顺带夸耀他的麦金塔电脑（Macintosh）。那个时候他的脾气就不太好，他攻击《时代》杂志的一名记者，因为对方报道的一个故事暴露了太多事实而让他觉得受到了伤害。但后来，通过与他的对话，我发现自己被他的强烈情感所吸引，就如同其他很多人多年来受到的吸引一样。自那以后，我们就一直保持联系，即便在他被迫离开苹果公司时也未中断。当他需要推销某样产品时，比如一台NeXT电脑或者一部皮克斯（Pixar）出品的电影，他的个人魅力就会突然间再次聚焦到我的身上，他会带我去曼哈顿下城的一家寿司餐厅，告诉我他正在兜售的东西是他制造出的最棒的产品。我喜欢这个家伙。

其实，作者通过这段话想说的是“我喜欢这个家伙”，但是他并不只是简单地说出这个结论，而是罗列出若干事实或具体事例来展现乔布斯的可爱、直率，甚至暴躁，这些事例汇聚在一起就构成了乔布斯独特的个人魅力，从而使“我喜欢这个家伙”的结论显得顺理成章。笔者将这种写作方法称为摆事实。摆事实是留学文书Essay （短文）写作中经常要用到的写作方法之一。简单地说，摆事实就是我们在说一个人好时，不能只简单说一句“他真是个好人”，而要把他做过的好事一件件写出来，通过具体的事例让人知道他是如何好。

方法分析

在简单了解何为摆事实的写作方法之后，下面笔者主要谈谈在Essay写作中如何运用这种方法。

第一，要实事求是。Essay的内容要真实可信，申请者不能为了追求效果而夸大其词，比如，所举事例要与申请者的身份相符。有位中学生在Essay中提到自己乐于助人，帮助他人就业。这样的例子稍稍想一下就知道不真实，因为帮人解决就业问题显然超出了中学生的能力范围。还有位中学生在Essay中提到了自己去参加实习的经历，他写道“在实习中负责协助业务经理处理日常邮件，跟踪订单，参与客户商谈”。他列举的这些经历也经不起推敲，不要说他只是一位中学生，就算是研究生，在实习阶段也未必能有这样的实习机会。所以，在写Essay时，申请者首先要问一下自己：“这事儿我信吗？”如果连你自己都不相信，就别指望招生官相信。

第二，要注重细节。既然是写一件事情，那么内容就应该包括最基本的5W1H要素（when、where、what、who、why、how），否则很难把一件事情（特别简单的除外）讲清楚。在此基础之上，申请者再辅以更为具体和必要的细节，文章就会丰满起来，人物也会变得更立体。很多学生写的Essay很空泛，真实的事情写出来却像假的一样。还有的学生不知道应该如何提供细节，文章看似面面俱到，但实则外强中干，读来如同嚼蜡。例如，有学生写自己帮助爷爷干农活的事，他这样写道：“I live with parents in the city， but my grandparents still live a simple farming life in the countryside. In the fall， a harvest and seeding season， my grandparents asked me to lend a hand. Out on the field the first time， I was eager but clueless. My grandfather asked me to sow the seeds of winter wheat while he fertilized the soil with some “special fertilizer”—chicken and cow manure. I looked at Grandpa. Eighty years old， with a wrinkled face， he bent like a bow， working meticulously. I followed his footsteps trying to imitate him. Next came plowing， sowing and weeding. I gradually got used to manual labor and was glad that I learned some farming skills.”原稿最大的问题在于，有些地方描写太过抽象，缺乏细节描写。按照摆事实的写作方法，我们对上文划线部分做如下修改：“But when I began working， I breathed deeply and what came at me was the most disgusting thing I had ever experienced！ I turned around and found my grandfather was carrying a basket filled to the brim with chicken and cow manure. He was scattering them about with his hands， and I screamed in horror. My grandfather smiled and said to me： ‘That which stinks is the root of the delicious wheat.’ I was dumbfounded.”在修改稿中，我们补充了具体、形象的细节，从“我”闻到肥料时的反应到对肥料桶的描写，再到对爷爷的回应，不管是事件还是人物，一下子都鲜活了起来。

第三，切忌浮夸。既然是摆事实，那就要用事实说话，不要在语言上进行过多不必要的雕琢或粉饰。真实的事件本身就蕴含着一种打动人心的力量，这种力量不需要通过华丽的词藻来表现。比如，上文所举的例文中提到“My grandfather smiled and said to me”，这句话里只用一个简单词汇smile就把爷爷亲切的形象表现了出来。有些同学却喜欢把自己说成a person who is dedicated to helping the poor、an angel或a knight，这样的描写效果会大打折扣。

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实例讲解

下面我们通过对一篇Essay例文的分析，在实战中了解如何运用摆事实的写作方法。

原稿： My Knightly Life

My family has a proud tradition of rewarding the good and punishing the wrong. As the general manager in a state-owned enterprise， my grandpa has spent his life helping employees to live more prosperous lives. My father is the President of the XXX Bank in Qinghai Province， one of the poorest in China. He devotes himself to helping lift poor families out of poverty. God knows what I am going to do in the future， but I hope I can influence others in an equally positive way.

During high school， I met several “backward students” who often skipped classes. We were all fond of playing basketball. My teacher started worrying because I was now hanging out with “bandits.” Rumors spread. The teacher summoned my father to school and reported my “devastating and crucial changes.” Fortunately， my dad and I had a man-to-man conversation. I told him how these kids often played basketball and chatted about their experiences outside school. For example， Hanyang often worked and carried things on his motorbike for his father， and Futao bought a mobile phone for his mother. Moreover， they could not choose their current lives； they were not born in families full of love or money. In the end， my father and I decided we would help them one-by-one. Yangli asked， “What can we do？ We don’t have any degree or skill.” I said， “My father works in the bank. Can you count？ Can you keep records？” He asked， “Do they require any degree？” I said， “No， the only requirement is working hard. It’s better than sitting idle.” They took my advice and worked on the service staff in the bank.

After a few months， Hanyang said， “I have a long way to go before becoming a formal employee.” He plucked up his courage to go back to high school and then entered Beijing Information Science and Technology University.

Trust me！ This isn’t a fairytale. What I said is true. After I entered senior high school， everyone pursued their own goals. Gaoyun went to the military academy； Zhaochi went to XXX University to study oil painting； Futao is now a project manager in the bank and earns 8000 RMB per month. Chuanmin majored in medicine and works in the radiology department at XXX Union Medical College Hospital， and Zhaohan went to the forestry bureau. Lilei didn’t find a job fitting his major， but went to the Traffic Police Brigade.

Dad told me how， owing to my insistence， he had the chance to affect these people’s lives. They had become inspiring stories， instead of the opposite.

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I am happy and proud to walk on my own path， even though I may be misunderstood and suspected by the others. I will insist on treating every one with a fair attitude， and lending them a hand when they need.

点评：这篇文章的问题比较大。首先，第一段谈到父亲做好人好事时，并没有举出具体事例，划线部分的表达都显得比较浮夸，第二段划线部分也是缺乏细节描写，没有交代清楚前后关系。其次，在举自己和父亲帮助同学的具体事例时，最后帮助的结果不能令人信服。倒数第三段划线部分所列出的都是“坏学生”们后来的出色表现，但这很难证明都是作者和父亲帮助的结果。再次，作者写帮助他人就业这样的例子也难让人信服。针对以上问题，我们做如下修改。

修改稿：I consider myself a basketball buff. I watch quite a lot of American NBA basketball and CBA， the Chinese version of NBA， on TV. Not only do I watch the games， I spend much of my leisure time playing on the court too. Then came the final year of my middle school. All of my regular teammates stopped showing up on the court because they were simply too busy preparing for high school qualifying exam to play. I was， of course， under much pressure myself， like everyone else. A good exam result meant a good high school； a mediocre score meant a mediocre school to match. Much was at stake. However， I loved basketball so much I still found time to play， this time with a bunch of guys who were not as interested in academics and who were said to have skipped classes before.

Some of my teachers started worrying about me. They summoned my father to school to let him know that I was hanging out with problem kids. When my father returned home that day， he wanted to talk to me. Knowing the purpose of his visit to the school， I half expected him to lash out at me for befriending those bad guys. To my surprise， he was not angry at me at all. He wanted to hear my side of the story. So， I told him about what I knew of Hanyang and Futao， and a couple of others. Hanyang’s parents were divorced， that I knew； Futao’s father had lost his job； one guy was considering quitting school to earn money to support his ailing parents. They all seemed to me to be normal kids， except that they were poor； some were desperately poor. My father thought for a moment， then proceeded to say that he was okay with me playing basketball with them and that he and I should think of ways to help these kids.

In the days and weeks that followed， my dad and I did come up with a plan. We suggested some different part-time jobs to Hanyang and Futao， which they accepted and we paid the medical bills for the other. I count my blessings often： my father is a successful， albeit very busy man； he allows me to make judgment calls and trusts that I will make them to the best of my ability； he is a generous person who cares deeply about those who are less fortunate.

My basketball friends and I have moved on to different places， but we still keep in touch. I know Futao is now a fulltime project manager of a local bank： the same bank my dad and I got him a part-time position in； Hanyang is currently a freshman at XXX Information Science and Technology University. Sadly， it is now next to impossible to get together to play basketball again， but whenever we get on the phone we talk about it all the time.

点评：原稿中作者为了表扬自己不惜夸大其词，修改稿中我们把难以令人信服的赞美之词去掉，剩下一个真实可信的故事。由于作者的父亲比较有实力也有能力去帮助贫困学生，所以修改稿中我们把“功劳”归功于父亲，即便这样，我们也没有夸大作者父亲的作为。这从一个侧面反映了作者本人的低调和谦虚。

留学文书范例 篇3

[导读]竞聘书是竞聘者在竞聘会议上向与会者发表的一种阐述自己竞聘条件、凸显人无我有，人有我优，人优我特的竞争优势，以及对竞聘职务的认识，要吸引人，据有口头宣传的作用和要全面而公正的评价自己，并被聘任后的工作设想、打算等的工作文书。美容院店长竞聘书范例如下：

竞聘书

竞聘职位：店长 竞聘人：XXX

尊敬的各位领导：您好!

在这春暖花开的时节里，我们XX(企业或美容院名字)美容院在这美丽的行业里又将迎来又一朵新奇葩的绽放，在为此欣喜的同时我也怀着踌躇满志的心情竞聘新店长的职位。在XX(企业或美容院名字)的日子里，我深切的感受到XX(企业或美容院名字)的每一个领导的工作魅力，正是在这独具一格的领导下我的工作能力才逐渐提升;于XX(企业或美容院名字)的精神中，我深刻的学习到XX(企业或美容院名字)的每一项计划中的严谨风范，正是在这严谨求实的精神中激发了我对工作的无限热情。感谢XX(企业或美容院名字)给予我一个展示自我，超越自我的舞台，为此，我怀着诚恳热情的心竞聘新店长职位。

第一：竞聘此职位的个人优势

1、正确定位自己：工作中正确定位自己，不妄意自大，也不妄自菲薄。在生活及工作中能够正视自己的优缺点，取人所长，补己所短，严于律己并注重对工作中美容专业知识的学习，并培养自己的创新能力，以务实的心态循序渐进的学习美容院管理工作的专业知识。在工作中积极发挥主观能动性，且具有较强的创新意识和超前意识，开拓工作新局面。

2、较强的团队协作精神：工作中我真诚待人热情工作，团结同事，我深知任何工作的开展都需要整个团队凝结的智慧和力量，我很注重与同事们探讨工作问题并及时沟通获得协调。并以诚挚的态度感染全体同事，充分配合和调动大家的工作积极性，齐心协力，搞好各项工作。

3、工作能力：在工作中我熟悉店内的工作流程，客源的美容院经营之根本，在工作中我能及时了解顾客动态。并掌握了专业的美容技能和顾问式销售技巧，且具有较强的协调沟通能力。在处理日常工作中具有一定的判断和决策能力，在组织协调各项员工工作中具有较好的计划和执行能力，统筹兼顾做好每个员工的工作安排。

第二：对竞聘此店长的认知

1、新美容院店长必须熟悉新店的各项工作流程：配合公司与上级，做好新美容院日常工作，在XX(企业或美容院名字)统一领导下做好本店的各项任务，争取把新店做到特色化，形象化。

2、明确工作思路和目标：严谨贯彻公司宗旨，落实建立和规范一系列规章制度，岗位职责分工细化任何工作都做到规范有序，有章可循，广拓工作思路，具备引导团队积极面对各项挑战及解决各项工作问题的能力。

第三：管理工作规划及理念

1、内强素质，外树形象。严格加强内部员工的工作质量和服务素养，把服务纪律、服务态度、服务秩序等作为工作中的重要原则之一。树立美容院新店形象，以店内环境整洁优美，店内员工真诚热情，店内工作规范严谨为目标。

2、事无巨细，工作责任制。工作事情无小事，积极落实各项新问题，确立员工责任制，使每个员工的工作更具体更细化，激发每个员工的工作动力，严谨对待工作。在同事中开展美容专业知识、顾客沟通技巧、客情维护的学习培训。

3、沟通务实，开拓进取。日常工作中与同事积极沟通听取建议，创造良好工作环境。分析工作中存在问题，及时落实各项计划及业绩目标，以优秀的服务和良好的运营理念开拓新领域。

第四：开展新店工作的建议

在新店营运的初期阶段，严格贯彻XX(企业或美容院名字)工作和服务理念，同时树立XX(企业或美容院名字)的新形象，积极探索新店管理和运营理念。在新店运营状态稳定中期，保持稳定健康和同时，主动积极开展市场调查，分析问题，及时调整以顺应市场发展变化，确立本店业务目标。

本科留学申请文书 篇4

Finance is the lifeline of modern economy and if there is no finance globalization, there is no economy globalization. Finance globalization promoted to enlarge international finance market; multinational trade species and the scale, to make finance innovative appeared, strengthen international capital function and to play an important role on the resource distribution in the world. With the communication among nations increase and the technology information development, the development of finance tends to globalization. Finance globalization is the motor of economy globalization, finance and economy was one of the important factors for holding for the whole world, information, technology and other industry were developed on the base of finance and economy.

The economy strength of a nation decided its place in the world. In the future, the world finance market would present themselves with different styles; non-essential economy began to play an important role in the world, the development of information industry made finance market develop more quickly. Moreover, finance influenced largely on the daily life of common people and made common people more concern the development tendency of finance then before and made out the relevant reaction according to getting information from all aspects, for example, the change of inflation, stock and exchange rate etc. All that influenced common peoples (people’s) lives and economical programs.

I began to realize that finance in fact was the different (difference) between microcosmic and microeconomic and macroeconomic knowledge through my learning in the university, and it owned strong practice and was not abstract knowledge. For instance, currency banking, investment and international finance etc. all offered many cases and made me realize the meaning of finance. Then I knew that finance covered a wider scope and researcher needed strong academic background and ability on macro-control by practices and analysis of cases. For example, I acted as a leader of group, each group represents an enterprise and discussed whether open new produces instead of old produces, I told every member to answer for a part and consult materials, then we talked about them together and found some materials had superposition and didn’t have close logic, even each member had different emphasis and expressions which made me know cooperation was very important in a enterprise. So I held the second meeting to talk about these questions. I asked all members to look for materials relevant to this case respectively and then analyzed them together. During the process, we thought about them deeply and fully, finally we got a best scheme.

Through this experiment, I became lover finance major than before, because it not only brought me model and data but also interest on (in) connecting knowledge with practices to make data and model vivid. Even each new idea produced different result. Finance is not a material concept but is social science, which contains a wider scope. I am very glad to involving discovering unknown things in this field. Just like discussion, many members’ thoughts inspired me and we got satisfied results. Finance is a social science which embodied human being is the essential. We could cultivate our academic taste during the learning symposia and academic discussion process. In the practices we could cultivate intuition added combination with academic background and mathematic theory; we could understand finance better.

So I pay attention to connect theory and practices more than before, in my spare time I took part in social practices, for example I visited “international finance” of newspaper office and “Shanghai stock exchange”, besides I took part in planning for the “second finance year meeting” in Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. During the process, I met many finance people and got a chance for visiting Holland bank. Moreover I often consulted lots of finance journals and website materials etc. In order to connect theory with practices better, I carried on special researches on these problems.

For example, I began to research “RMB Globalization problem” and its aim was to review substantial economy and non-substantial economy how to influence currency international globalization from demonstration and theory angle to help us understand the experiences and lessons happened on the process of each national currency globalization and offered some feasible references for RMB international globalization. I connected the fact of our national economy development, especially, the base fact of RMB used by some nations around China, through researching the general rule of currency internationalization globalization, to discuss the problem on RMB international globalization process.

First, I reviewed the main countries’ currency globalization process in the world, and found that currency globalization must have two basic conditions. The first was rich economy strength; the second was to keep valuta long stabilization. Second, I pointed out RMB globalization was the necessity choice of our national economy persisting development and the benefit of currency globalization according to the impersonality requirement of economical globalization development, and RMB globalization would more enlarge the degree for opening to foreign.

At the same time I thought that stable, quickly developmental national economy and larger economical scope made RMB of our country globalization strengthens and higher ability against risk, the last part emphasized the process of RMB globalization and the research on keeping away from risk. The process of RMB internationalization was: first implement RMB regional strategy on the basis of East Asia currency cooperation and East Asian free trade, then implement RMB globalization stratagem under many perfect factors influence.

But during this process, it was very difficult for me to research non-substantiality economy in China. At present familiar to us, it was the stock market, while in China the stock market system did not very perfect and exist some problems on efficiency, security and fair. For example, I consulted many materials and knew several stages of Chinese stock issue, international paper department how to issue stock and the relative policy and system of stock market, then I asked my advisor how to comment on it and collected some comments of experts on the website. Besides I logged in MARKET WATCH and bought several stocks to do experiment to find out the conclusion that China it was more perfect, so Chinese stock market needed to be improved.

Finance is very important in all fields and no other field can exist with breaking away from finance, so the requirements for financer should be improved in the future. Above all, in the future society, the requirement for financer was higher than before, the talent only mastered profession will unfit the future society. Because in China there are limit resources for me and I am impressed by your esteemed university, so I decided to go abroad for my future education

Yours sincerely,

xuexila.com/shenqing/

本科留学英国优势盘点

1、英国教育质量高，学制短

英国大学本科学制三年，研究生学制一年，相比于与美、加、澳等国获取学位的时间比绝大多数国家都要短，资金也大大节约。英国教育一直以来重视素质教育，课程结构除了传统的授课还包括小组作业、小论文、讨论课等多种形式，极大的提升孩子的综合素质。所以选择英国读书，无形中节约了金钱和时间，而且英国的文凭学位在国际上受到推崇，获得国际公认和尊重。

2、标准的语言

英国是英语的发源地，这里是绅士淑女之乡，每一位出国留学的学子，都渴望能在归国后，能说一口流利的英语，而留学英国无疑可以让学生掌握纯正的英式英语。

3、高含金量的文凭

当今世界主要分为英联邦教育体制和北美教育体制，英国是现代大学的发源地，深厚的文化底蕴和专业的教育环境，吸引了大量海外留学生前来学习。英国各大学和科研机构培养出众多诺贝尔奖金得主，其得主人数在世界各国中名列第二，科研水平非同凡响，因此选择英国留学可以获得高含金量的文凭。

4、签证材料简单，签证周期短

英国今年与国内的关系日渐升温，英国使馆简化了申请手续，使得签证材料简单明了，且签证申请周期较其它国家短，最重要的是大部分院校和专业不需要面前，而且英国签证比美国签证容易办成功。

5、交通便利，旅游方便

英国位于全欧洲的枢纽，可搭乘渡、火车或飞机等各种交通工具，访问巴黎、罗马和马德里等主要城市，就近一览欧洲大陆多元的文化和历史面貌，在留学的同时有机会便房欧洲各国。英国不是免签证的国家，但在英国学习的中国学生，如有学校的证明，足够的资金，当天就有可能获得去法国、德国、意大利等国的旅游签证。

6、生活条件好

英国是老牌的资本主义国家，生活条件位居欧洲之首，英国是最典型的欧洲国家，具有悠久的历史，灿烂的艺术和文化，距离法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、奥地利、荷兰等国非常的近，不仅能学知识拓展眼界，又能饱览欧洲风光。

7、择业空间大

随着欧洲一体化进程的实现，学生在英国获得的学位证书和毕业证书在欧盟的其它国家也会通行无阻，方便了许多。国内选择出国留学的学生越来越多，留学归国的学生毕业后选择工作的空间和竞争力更加广泛。

英国留学本科与研究生费用解读

一、本科与研究生学费

英国本科学费是根据学校差异、地域的不同而定的，且因专业的不同也会有较大的差别。一般来说，文科学费较低，为8000–10000英镑/年;商科9500–1英镑/年;理科较高，为12000-15000英镑/年;医科更高，为13000–20000镑/年;硕士费用跟本科差距不是很大，平均高出2000-3000镑左右。

二、英国留学费用——生活费

英国留学一年生活费到底多少钱?这根据留学生生活水平和消费习惯的不同而有所变动，难以做出统一的衡量，按照一般留学生的消费水平，在英国留学一年的生活费大约在5000-6500英镑，伦敦地区生活费在8000英镑左右。基本介绍情况如下：

三、住宿费

英国大学为一年级外国留学生提供校内学生公寓。在留学生公寓中，常常是3至7位学生合住一套住房，每人单独占据其中一个房间，共用一间厨房或卫生间(也有独立卫生间的，比共用的价格要高)。这种学院宿舍(自炊)每周的费用约为120至200英镑。

四、餐费

英国一般每日三餐的开销大学一个月150英镑是较为普遍的情况，如果留学生吃的水平更高一些，一个月大约300英镑左右也足够了。

五、杂费

在英国留学还可能需要购买一些日用品和支付交通费用，这些杂费每个月大概是100-200英镑的支出，具体看外出的频繁度以及距离的远近。

六、服装费

由于英国留学的时间较短，留学生可以从国内携带足够的衣物到英国，如果是在英国本地购买也可以，价格相差并不是很大。

七、医疗费

英国是一个福利制度较为健全的国家，留学生在英国留学期间可以享受当地的免费医疗待遇，所以在英国留学是不需要担心医药费和保险费的问题。

浅析留学文书的写作 篇5

近几年来，随着文书写作在留学申请中的重要性逐渐被大家认识，这样一个事实也渐渐浮出水面――一篇逻辑不通、语言混乱的申请信能使背景很强分数很高的申请者连一封录取信都拿不到，而一套精心制作、文采飞扬的申请材料能够使背景非常普通的申请者从数千名申请者中脱颖而出。

一般来讲，校方在申请高峰期每天要阅读数百名申请者的材料，平均下来，每套材料的阅读时间只有不到十分钟的时间，有的甚至更短。我们团队有几个人因为家离要申请的学校不远，因此他们自己申请的时候曾经亲自到过学校。每位老师面前都摆着半人高的申请材料，他们的阅读速度非常快，几分钟读完一篇，简单作些记号就换下一篇，只是偶尔被一些佳文所吸引。

说到吸引，这里有一个误区。有的申请者(包括他们本国申请者)认为只要能显得与众不同就能吸引校方的注意，因此挖空心思地使用一些很不得体的语句。曾经有一位法学院的申请者在申请信中第一句话就说”The first thing I need to do is to kill all lawyers”，这种“与众不同”的结果大家可想而知。

我们中国申请者在还有一个更容易犯的错误就是，总是试图在申请信中把生平的所有经历都囊括进去。我们不少朋友的申请信从自己呱呱坠地开始写起，小学中学大学作过什么事得过什么奖，一一罗列。看似内容很多，可通篇读完后阅读者留不下任何印象。其实申请信不是简历，也不是记叙文，而是建立在记叙上的议论文，记叙是说发生在你身上的事，议论指这些事给你带来的影响和你对这些影响的看法。全文应该非常主观，这也是你向校方表达你主观想法的最好的(如果不是唯一的)机会，那些客观的部分请交给申请材料中的其他内容(如成绩单、简历等)来表达。就好象我们家里用菜刀切菜，刀刃磨得再快但如果离开了沉重的刀背切不了菜，反过来刀背再厚实但如果没有锋利的`刀刃还是没法用。在这个例子中，申请信是刀刃，其他客观材料就是刀背。

话说回来，那怎样才能吸引来校方的注意力并使其持续保持呢?方法就是使校方阅读者产生心灵上的共鸣，使其觉得阅读你的文章是一种享受，其实这也是留学文书写作的高境界。我们可以分两步来做，第一步，选好要说的;第二步，说好所选的。

说到写作素材的选择， 大家会面临两种情况，有的朋友会觉得自己想说的事太多了，按照学校规定的篇幅根本就写不下，还有的朋友认为自己很平凡很普通，根本就没什么可说的。先说第一种情况，首先，有的学校对申请材料特别是PS在篇幅上有限制，即使没有篇幅限制，洋洋洒洒数千字的文章只会使本来就头昏脑胀的校方阅读者的眉头皱得更紧。其次，文章的重点应该是事件对你产生的影响和你对此的看法，而不是那些事件本身，明白这点后，你对篇幅限制的那种紧迫感就会大为减少，剩下的问题就只是怎么安排先后和主次。第二种情况更为普遍一些，很多朋友第一次写申请信的时候觉得根本就无话可说，无从下笔。解决这个问题又要分两步，第一问问自己想通过文章向校方树立什么样的形象，第二找到合适的切入点，再延伸开来一点一滴的把这个形象树立起来。在睿智联合的笔下，每个申请者，哪怕其背景再普通再单纯，都是对事业充满理想和报负、对生活充满激情和感触的独特个体。这种理想和激情都是真实存在的，也许朋友们自己感觉不到，但是我们能挖掘出来。

留学文书范例 篇6

案例分析

下面我们通过两个真实案例来谈谈在文书写作中如何塑造出令人喜欢的个人形象。

文书案例1

很多申请者为了表现自己，心里想着往好的方面写，却不顾真实情况，无端夸大，不知不觉中把自己塑造得过于完美，让人感觉虚假。有一位高中生想申请去美国读大学，她在留学文书里说自己领导能力强、乐观、品学兼优、尊敬师长、刻苦耐劳、助人为乐、热心慈善、注重环保……这些没有结合具体事实的自我夸赞之词在文中比比皆是。此外，在文书中她还痛斥了班上的一位女同学，说她喜欢炫富，生活作风不好，抢他人的男友，不尊重师长，说脏话，毫无道德底线等。本来是一篇留学文书她竟写成了一篇“檄文”。显而易见，这位申请者在描述自己时写的都是好的方面，描写别人时都是令人讨厌的方面，想以此来反衬自己的优秀。试问，如果你是招生官，你会喜欢这样一个自我吹嘘，并且恶言中伤同学的学生吗？你会录取她吗？在找恋爱对象时，这位申请者塑造出的个人形象肯定也不符合你的择偶标准吧？

在和这位申请者沟通之后，我们建议她把上述有问题的内容全部删掉，把笔墨集中在自己在环保方面的一段真实经历上，在叙述过程中要坚决杜绝出现“正确的废话”，比如“热心支持环保事业”等这样的句子。把一件事写深入、写透彻，要好过写许多件事但都写得不够深入。另外，我们还要求申请者仔细想想环保活动是否存在不足和可以改进的地方，这件事让她学到了什么，引发了她什么思考，等等。我们发现，当申请者摒弃了“假大空”的语言后，她的文字和形象变得非常真实可信。例文如下所示。

I am an active member of several clubs and organizations， but my association with Greening the Environment （GTE） is the longest. It began in 2010 when I was a high school freshman in Beijing. GTE is a non-profit organization dedicated to environmental protection through arts， education and culture. I joined GTE first as a “Green Hand，” translating documents from Chinese to English and vice versa， then as a volunteer in The Great Green Race and International Volunteer Expo that targeted Beijing students. In 2012， I was given an opportunity that would put my leadership and organizational skills to test. I was assigned to set up a booth （陈列亭） at the INTRO 2012 musical event to 1） promote green garbage disposal， 2） use recycling materials as a means of artistic creation， and 3） recruit new volunteers. I brainstormed with 11 high school volunteers I recruited for the event so that we could agree on our promotional material design， our mission and our agenda. By the time I arrived at the scene on the day of the event， I realized my planning was inadequate as I had not anticipated several surprises： one being that our booth was only 3 × 3 meters， too small to accommodate our own volunteers and displays； the other being that the tattoo booth to our right was already attracting a long line. Even some of my own volunteers walked over to see the tattoo artists in action. That was when I saw the humble （简陋的） booth to our left open its banner showing “Water Conservation” as its mission. I immediately approached the person in charge of the booth and said that since we were both eco-friendly organizations on an uphill battle to attract patronage， it might be a good idea to combine our booths and resources. To my surprise， I did not have to do much to gain an ally. Before long， both teams took advantage of our increased space and created a water pipe in the shape of a dragon by using our recycling materials such as bottles， cardboards， and plastics. We invited onlookers to participate in the decoration of the dragon by matching the categories of garbage with their special designations. Meanwhile， I assigned several volunteers from both teams to talk to people in the long line for the tattoo booth and managed to get many signatures in support of our causes.

All said and done， I met the targets I promised to GTE. Flexibility， a win-win mentality， creativity， and commitment to environmental advocacy： these were the personal qualities that contributed to success. In hindsight， rather than leaving things to chance and last minute scrambling， I could have done more in the planning process to cope with different possible scenarios， I could have done more volunteer training in preparation for the event， and I could have delegated leadership roles to team members based on their skill sets and their interests. I found it beneficial to revisit and recap （重温） the experience.

评析：一个可爱的人首先应该是一个真实的人，有说服力的文字首先应该是真实的文字。请大家注意这篇文章中的斜体单词，它们都是有具体含义且客观性较强的动词，这些动词并不难，有些还很简单，但它们从一个侧面反映出作者所述内容的真实性。此外，这篇文书中还详细、具体地描写了环保活动的各项内容，进一步增加了事件的可信度。最后，申请者总结了此次活动成功的原因和有待改进的地方，这一点比较符合我们在之前几期中所探讨的“低调”原则。一个人懂得反思，能看到自己不足，这本身就是个闪光点。

文书案例2

接下来，我们再来看一个本科生申请去美国读研的个人陈述。这位申请者想要申请就读美国一所名牌大学的公共政策硕士学位。他的个人陈述的主题是“中国的户口政策”，这个主题不错，和公共政策有关。无论是从语言还是内容来说，申请者的这篇文章若经过适当调整和润色，都将是上乘之作。可是在叙述过程中，他一不小心把自己的形象塑造得令人讨厌了。例文如下所示。

I used to be a happy and carefree child， but things changed in 2002 when my father had to relocate to Beijing where he was to teach in a university. I had to say goodbye to my friends and my birthplace and go to Beijing with my parents. I was quite excited about the move. Little did I know that I was in for a big shock.

When I arrived in Beijing， it was mid-November， almost two months late for school. I could either join the sixth grade in primary school or skip the grade and go straight to the middle school. My parents， citing some incomprehensible （难懂的） reason of hukou， a household registration record officially identifying a person’s residency in a specific area， insisted that I should skip the primary school. And I did. At first I struggled a little on the academic side， but after a couple of months of adjustment， I caught up with the rest of the class. In fact I moved up to the top by the end of the semester. I did not know whether it was out of jealousy or out of exclusionist big-city attitude toward out-of-towners such as myself， but several of my classmates started laughing at my accent. They would imitate my pronunciation repeatedly and tell me “say again what you just said.” Some of their comments I overheard were downright mean. I was devastated （十分震惊的）. Gradually， I learned to deal with the situation by discriminating those who were merely curious from those who were just mean. I showed the former I did not take offense when they imitated me； I would confront or otherwise ignore the latter. I found as time went on even the latter had lost interest in making fun of me.

评析：在文章开头，申请者开门见山地交代了举家搬迁到北京的原委，之后又描述了因自己是外地人而受到北京同学歧视的情况，清楚、自然地引出了人与人之间存在歧视以及自己如何应对的话题。行文至此，文章没有出现问题。

Then came the time to sit in for my high school qualification exam. I was confident that my score would be good enough to get me into the best high school in Beijing. I never realized until almost too late that not only was there discrimination among individuals， between Beijingers and everybody else from outside Beijing， there was also institutional discrimination against migrant people like my family. This institutional discrimination is none other than （不是别的，正是） the hukou system. One of my teachers told me that I could not apply for the best school of my choice simply because my family domicile （原籍） was not in Beijing. I suddenly realized the reason my parents wanted me to skip primary school was that when a student transitioned from primary school to middle school， the middle school， as a matter of practice， would look into the hukou registration and screen out migrant children. I was furious. What gave people reason to discriminate against me？ My father is no ordinary person. He is a distinguished professor. We would not have moved to Beijing if not for his reputation and stature. Long story short， my anguish was all for naught because my father received his Beijing hukou just in time for my high school application.

评析：本段进一步说明除去个人层面，在政策层面，尤其是户口政策方面，来北京的外地人也受到歧视。“我”差一点被剥夺了考北京重点高中的权利，就是因为没有北京户口。“我”感到愤愤不平，于是发起了牢骚：我爸不是一般人，他是杰出人物，应聘到北京当教授，他们凭什么歧视我？言下之意，我们是精英家庭，不能被歧视，如果是普通民众，你们就可以歧视。本段划线部分暴露了“我”一方面痛恨歧视，向往公平，但另一方面搞特殊化，这样一来，就把“我”之前塑造的形象毁掉了。这样的形象招生官肯定不喜欢，而且就你的择偶标准来说，你也肯定不喜欢这样搞特殊化的人。所以，我们建议申请者把划线部分删掉。

As I entered college， I researched the hukou system， a system I still consider to be extremely unfair. I learned that some efforts have been made by the government to relax the policy， but because system-wide reform has great social and economic consequences， China still has a long way to go before a more equitable and reasonable solution is possible. My interest in political economics and public policymaking stems largely from my childhood encounter with the hukou system.