therebe句型用法（精选7篇）
作者: 阅读: 90 时间: 2010-10-13 15:21:02
一、构成：There be...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were)+名词+地点状语。例如：
There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各种句式：
否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如：
There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：
There is some money in her handbag.→ Is there any money in her handbag?(疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)
There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?
特殊疑问句：
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my office.→ Where is the computer?----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：
There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year?
There is only one book in my bag.→ How many books are there in your bag?
There is a cat in the box.→ How many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：
There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用„there? 例如：
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?
There used to be no school here, used there did there?
三、注意事项：
1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：
There is a basketball in the box.There is a little milk in the glass.如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如： There are many birds in the tree.There were many people in the street yesterday.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.2.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语(如和将来时be going to will、现在完成时 havehas + pp.、used to结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：
There must be a pen in the box.There happened to be some money in my pocket.There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.3.There be句型和havehas的区别：
There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：
桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.4.There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语.例如：
There is a truck collecting rubish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground.四、练习：Choose the best answers.1.There isn’t _____water in the glass.Let’s go and get some.A.many B.lots C.any D.some 2.There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.A.was B.had C.is D.were 3.There ____ many changes in the village recently.A.is B.are C.have been D.to be
4.---There _______a lot of meat on the plate.Would you like some?
---Just a little, please.A.is B.are C.am D.be
5.There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has
6.There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has
7.There is a boy _______at the door.A.stand B.standing C.stood D.is standing
8.---_______is in the house?
一
、be (is, are) 动词数的一致性。句型中的be动词必须与其后的主语 (名词) 在“数”上保持一致。
例如:
1.There is a pen on the desk.
课桌上有一支钢笔。
2.There is some tea in the cup.
杯子里有些茶水。
3.There are some pictures on the wall.
墙上有几幅画。
但是, 若there be后接一连串名词作主语时, be动词应与其最近的名词在数上保持一致。例如:
There is an apple, two oranges and five pears
盒子里有一个苹果, 两个橘子, 五个梨。
There are three boys and a girl in the room.
房间里有三个男孩子和一个女孩。
若其后有若干不可数名词时, 谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如:
There is some bread and meat on the plate.
盘子里有些面包和肉。
二、There be句型的否定式在be动词后加not
例如:
1.There is not a coat on the chair.
椅子上没有上衣。
2.There is not any milk in the glass.
杯子里没有牛奶。
3.There aren't any pencils in the pencil-box.
铅笔盒里没有铅笔。
三
、There be句型的一般疑问式必须把be动词置于 there之前。若原句中有some出现需将其改为any。
例如:
1.Are there any flowers in the garden花园里有些花吗
Yes, there are (some) .No there aren’t (any) .
是的, 有些。不, 没有。
2.Is there any rice in the bowl碗里有些米饭吗
Yes, there is (some) .No, there isn’t (any) .
是的, 有些。不, 没有。
四、There be句型的特殊疑问式
1.若对主语 (名词) 提问时, 把疑问词置于句首, there既可保留也可省略。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. (对划线部分提问)
What is (there) in the tree.
There are two cats under the window. (对划线部分提问)
What are (there) under the window
2.若对主语 (可数名词) 前的数词提问时, 代替数词的疑问词应与其后名词复数一起置于句首。be动词必须用复数形式, there同样可以保留或省略。例如:
There is a banana in the bag. (对划线部分提问)
How many bananas are (there) in the bag
There are six students near the house (对划线部分提问)
How many students are (there) near the house
3.若对状语提问时, b:动词的数不变, there同样可以保留也可以省略, 若原句中有some必须改为any。例如:
There is a kite in the sky. (对划线部分提问)
Where is (there) a kite
In the morning there are some children in the park. (对划线部分提问)
It is Tom who/that has broken the record. It was in this room that Tom was born.
一、在使用强调句型时须注意的几个问题：
A) 原句子是现在时或将来时，强调句用It is +被强调的部分 + that (who)…;若原句子是过去时，强调句用：It was +被强调的部分 + that (who)…
(1) Tom will work in China.---It is in China that Tom will work.
(2) I studied at this schooltwo years ago.
—It was at this school that I studied two years ago.
B) 即使被强调部分是复数，It后始终用单数形式。如
Jim and Tom gave us much help.--It was Jim and Tom that gave us much help.
C) 强调人时，可用who/ that,但若强调时间、地点、原因、方式等时，不能用
when, where, why, how，仍用that，如：It is Jim who / that helps us make progress.
It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．
It was because of the heavy rain that he came late．
D）被强调成分是主语，who/that后谓语动词要在人称和数上与原句主语一致。
（1） It is I who am right．（2） It is the students who are lovely．
E）被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是作宾语的代词，用宾格
It was he that helped me yesterday. It was me that he helped yesterday.
F）疑问句强调：be + it +…that+…? （一般）/特殊疑问词+be + it that+…?（特殊 ） 如：（1）Was it you who put the book on my desk?(2) What is it that made him so angry?
G）双宾语强调：无论强调哪个宾语，都必须根据动词的搭配关系，加上to或for等介词。如：原句：He gave Mary a pen.
强调直宾：It was Mary that he gave a pen to. 强调间宾：It was a pen that he gave to Mary.
（H）强调结构作宾语时要用陈述句语序。如：I don’t know where it is that he has gone.强调主语时，who或that后面的谓语形式须与被强调的主语保持一致。如：
Lily speaks Chinese very well. —It is Lily that speaks Chinese very well.
(I) 强调句型不用于强调谓语、表语、since, as等引导的原因状语从句。
二、 not…until结构中时间状语的强调：It is/was not until+时间状语+that+… 如：I didn’t go to bed until twelve o’clock last night.
---It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed.
三、反意疑问句：It was Tom that broke the door, wasn’t it?
四、强调结构的判断：去掉it is/was和that后，剩余部分(经调整后) 是否依然是个完整的句子，若是，就是强调结构，否则就不是。
It is a pity that you could not come. （不是）
He promised to teach her to water-ski. 他答应教她滑水。
You can teach some parrots to talk. 可以教某些鹦鹉说话。
We should teach the children to know good from bad.
我们应教育儿童分辨是非。
Parents ought to teach their children to behave themselves.
父母应教导子女举止得体。
He taught me to obey all commands without asking questions.
There be句型是一种应用十分广泛和频繁的句型。但是对there be句型的多变的特点及其特殊结构的复杂性，并不是每个考生都熟悉了解。在大学英语四级考试题中也常常遇到这一句型结构的试题。
例如： Ann never dreams of _________ for her to be sent abroad very soon．（CET-4，1998．6-43）A）there to be a chance B）there being a chance C）there be a chance D）being a chance 该题的答案为B）。
动词 dream of 要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，更准确地讲是介词of后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，there being a chance意为“有一个机会”；A）和C）两项均不符合句子结构的要求，所以不是答案选项，而D）项 being a chance 虽然是 V-ing 分词结构，但语义不通，故不能雪
又如： No one had told Smith about ____ a lecture the following day．（CET-4，2001．1-66）A）there beB）there would be C）there wasD）there being 该题的答案为D）。介词 about 后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，there being（a lecture）意为“有（一个讲座）”，而A）、B）和C）项内容均不符合结构要求，故不能雪再如：
It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound．（CET-4，1995．1）
该句子中出现了for there to be 的结构，如果按照上一题的解题思路去理解：介词后要求跟 V-ing 分词结构作宾语，那么，这一结构似乎是错的；但是，实际上此结构没有错，此处只能够用 for there to be，而不能用 there being。为什么呢？这就是本文想要解答的问题：there be 句型的特殊结构及其用法。笔者将 there be 句型的几种特殊结构及其用法进行归纳、总结如下，供读者参考。
一、there be句型与各种情态动词连用。 例如： There must be something wrong here．
There might still be some vacant seats in the rear．
There ought to be something with which to fill your stocking．
二、there be句型中的谓语动词be被be likely to be，happen to be，seem（to be），occur等代替，用来描写事物。例如： ] There are likely to be more difficulties than they have been prepared for． There happened to be nobody in the room．
There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our beating that team ．
There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape，the relative length of day and night，and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are． There have occurred many great changes since we met last．
三、there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替，如 live，stand，exist，remain等，用来表示“静止、存在、有”。例如：
There lives a family of five in the village． There remains nothing more to be done．
There stands the Monument to the People’s Heroes at the center of the Tian’anmen Square． There exist different opinions on this question．
四、there be 句型中的谓语动词be被一些不及物动词代替，如 come，spring up，appear，emerge，arrive，enter，follow, 等，用来表示“突然出现”。例如：
结构的逻辑主语。
又如：
There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director，the department asked him to resign．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）
There being nothing to be done，they have to go back home．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）
There being no further business，the chairm an closed the meeting．（“there being ＋宾格词”作原因状语）
3．“there being ＋宾格词”在句中作主 语。例如：
There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage．
“there being ＋宾格词”结构在句中作主语，句中的宾格词a bus stop作“there being” V-ing分词短语结构的逻辑主语。
七、there be 句型中 be 用 be ＋V-ed 分词，形成“there be ＋V-ed分词＋宾格词”结构，表示“有”或“存在（某种情况）”，在“there be ＋V-ed 分词＋宾格词”的结构中，主语是宾格词。例如： There was found a lot of food in the kitchen cupboard．
There are now published millions of books every year in China． There was shown at the exhibition an electronic computer made in Shanghai．
八、“there be no ＋主语名词”的习惯用法。
1．V-ing分词在“there be no”结构中作主语，表示“不可能”、“无法”。例如： There is no denying the fact that China is still a developing country． There is no joking about such matters．
There is no telling what will happen to him next．
2．there is no point ＋V-ing分词，表示“没有必要”，“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”。例如： We are disappointed with the new officer elected in our bridge club，but thereis no point worrying about it．
3．there is no use ＋V-ing分词，表示“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”。例如： There is no use advising him to give up smoking．
4．there is no good ＋V-ing分词，表示“无用”，“没有意义”，“没有用处”，“没有益处”。例如： There is no good discussing the matter with such a fool．
九、在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，修饰主语的情况。
1．在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式，也可以用主动形式。例如：
There is no time to lose ／to be lost．
There are still many things to take care of ／to be taken care of． 在口语中多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。试比较：
There is nothing to do now．（We have nothing to do now．）There is nothing to be done now．（We can do nothing now．）There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing）． There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）．
2．在由“there be ＋主语名词”引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的分词或分词短语在意思上相当于一个定语从句。例如：
一、强调句的基本句型及用法
强调句的基本句型是It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语, 但不能是谓语。下面以He saw a cat in the street yesterday.为例来说明此句型的用法。
1.对主语、宾语和状语的强调。如果是对主语的强调, 那么主语应和原句的谓语动词保持一致。
It was he who/that saw a cat in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
It was a cat that he saw in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)
It was yesterday that he saw a cat in the street. (强调时间状语)
It was in the street that he saw a cat yesterday. (强调地点状语)
2.强调句型的一般疑问句形式:Was/Is it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。
Was it he who/that saw a cat in the street yesterday?
3.强调句型的特殊疑问句形式:Wh-疑问词+was/is it that+其他部分。
Who was it that saw a cat in the street yesterday?
What was it that he saw in the street yesterday?
When was it that he saw a cat in the street?
Where was it that he saw a cat yesterday?
二、强调句型应注意的问题
1.对句中的人称代词进行强调时, 应保持该人称代词格的不变和原句中谓语动词在人称和数上保持不变。如:
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
It is I who am going to Beijing next week.
2.在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时, 要用that而不用when, where, why或how。如:
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was in Greece that Olympic Competitions firstly started.
It was because her mother was ill that she didn′t come to school yesterday. (原因状语从句中只有because引导的可被强调)
It is as you like that you must do everything.
3.对not...until结构中有until引导的短语或从句进行强调时, 选用It is/was not until...that...这一固定句型。That从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。如:
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.
4.含有定语从句的强调句型。
It was in the garden where they met for the first time that he told me their love story.
三、强调句型的判定
把此句型中的It is/was...that...这一结构框架去掉之后, 如果句子的其他成分 (位置上可以调整) 仍旧是一个完整的句子, 则为强调句型, 否则是其他从句。如:
It was at midnight that I got there yesterday.
It was midnight when I got there yesterday.
前者为强调句型, 因为把It was...that...去掉之后, 句子仍旧成立。后者则是状语从句, 去掉任何成分句子则不完整。
四、强化训练
1.It is I who/that＿＿＿＿right.
A.is B.am C.are D.was
2.＿＿＿＿was in 2003＿＿＿＿I graduated from the university.
A.That;that B.It;that
C.That;when D.It;when
3.＿＿＿＿that he managed to get the information.
A.Where B.What was it
C.How was it D.Why was it
4.It was＿＿＿＿back home after the experiment.
A.not until midnight did he go
B.until midnight that he didn′t go
C.not until midnight that he went
D.until midnight when he didn′t go
5.It was on the farm＿＿＿＿he spend his childhood＿＿＿＿he learned how to grow vegetables.
A.where;that B.which;when
C.that;that D.which;which
6.It＿＿＿＿Tom and Mary that often＿＿＿＿me with my lessons.
A.are;help B.is;helps
C.is;help D.are;helps
7.Is it the letter＿＿＿＿you got yesterday＿＿＿＿makes you so sad?
A.that;which B.which;what
C.that;that D.what;when
8.It was not＿＿＿＿she came to see us＿＿＿＿we knew her mother was ill in bed.
A.when;that B.until;that
C.until;when D.when;then
9.It was in this school＿＿＿＿he learned French＿＿＿＿he knew a lot about France.
A.where;that B.which;when
C.that;that D.which;which
10.Was it＿＿＿＿he said or something that he did＿＿＿＿made her cry so sadly?
A.that;which B.what;that
C.that;what D.what;which
参考答案:
1-5 BBCCA
我们知道，在肯定句中通常用并列连词and 来连接两个并列成分。如：
He loves his wife and children.
他爱他的妻子和孩子。
She bought some fruit and vegetables.
她买了一些水果和蔬菜。
而在相应的否定句中则用并列连词or。如：
He doesn’t love his wife or children.
他不爱他的妻子也不爱他的孩子。
She didn’t buy any fruit or vegetables.
她没有买水果也没有买蔬菜。
但是，值得注意的是，在某些特殊情况下，即使是在否定句中我们也要用and。如：
Drivers can’t drink and drive.
司机不能酒后驾车。（换句话说就是：喝酒不开车，开车不喝酒。）
如果将上面一句的and 改为or，反而会令人很奇怪：
Drivers can’t drink or drive.
司机既不能开车也不能饮酒。
又如，汉语中有个成语叫“鱼与熊掌不可兼得”，译成英语是Can’t have one’s cake and eat it.在该否定结构中也应用and，不用or，否则不合情理，例如：
You want a regular income but don’t want to work. Don’t forget： you can’t have your cake and eat it！
你既想有稳定的收入，又不想工作。别忘了，鱼与熊掌不可兼得呀！
句型二：and和or在祈使句中的用法
并列连词and 和or 都可以用于“祈使句+and / or + 陈述句”表示结果（即陈述句所表示的内容为前面祈使句内容的结果），此时虽然and 和or 都可以用，但意思有所不同：and 表示“那么”，or 表示“否则”。如：
Give him an inch and he will take a mile.
他会得寸进尺。
Hurry up， or you’ll miss the last bus.
快点，否则你会赶不上最后一班车。
这类句型通常可以用含有条件状语从句的复合句来改写，比如上面的句子可以改写如下：
If you give him an inch， he will take a mile.
他会得寸进尺。
If you don’t hurry up， you’ll miss the last bus.
快点，否则你会赶不上最后一班车。
值得注意的是，由于并列连词or 在句子中的意思是“否则”，所以当它前面的祈使句被改写成条件状语从句时，其谓语动词的意思要注意与原句型相反（若原来是肯定句，改成条件状语从句则要用否定式；若原来是否定句，改成条件状语从句则要用肯定式）。如：
Turn your radio down， or you’ll wake the neighbours.
把收音机的声音调小些，不然会把邻居吵醒。
此句用条件状语从句来改写，则是：
If you don’t turn your radio down， you’ll wake the neighbours.
你若不把收音机的声音调小些，你会把邻居吵醒的。
Don’t drive too fast or you’ll have an accident.
不要开得太快，否则会出事的。
此句用条件状语从句来改写，则是：
If you drive too fast， you’ll have an accident.
如果你开得太快，你会出事的。
句型三：and 和or 在固定搭配中的用法
涉及并列连词and 和or 的固定搭配主要有两个：both...and...（……和……；既……又……）和either...or...（要么……要么……）。注意两者不能混用。请看下面两道题：
1. A： Mike， please turn down the music，
Lucy Lily are sleeping.
B： Sorry， I’ll do it right away.
A. neither；nor B. either；or
C. both；and D. not only；but also
解析：根据前文说的“请把音乐关小一些”，这说明Lucy和Lily两人都在睡觉，故选C。“both Lucy and Lily are sleeping”的意思是“Lucy和Lily都在睡觉”。
答案：C。
2. We just need one of you for the game.
you your brother can join us.
A. Both；and B. Neither；nor
C. Either；or D. Not only；but also
解析：根据前文说的“我们的游戏只需要你们当中的一个人”，这说明“你”和“你的兄弟”只能有一个人可以参加，故选C。“Either you or your brother can join us ”的意思是“要么你参加，要么你的兄弟参加”。
答案：C。
