12月四级英语真题作文范文

12月四级英语真题作文范文

12月四级英语真题作文范文 篇1

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world.I’ve done it hundreds of times.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命。

3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才。

Noting Succeeds Without a Strong Will

12月四级英语真题作文范文 篇2

一、题型变化

自1987年以来, 大学英语四、六级的考试形式虽然有所变化但其本质上仍注重语言知识和语言形式的结构注意模式的考察 (郭溦, 2012) 。而本次题型改革主要涉及三个方面:听力、阅读以及翻译。听力题型中的复合式听写由原来听写7个单词、3个句子变更为单词和词组的听写;阅读题型中的快速阅读替换为阅读匹配题目, 题目要求与雅思阅读考试中的Matching题型非常接近;翻译由原来的五个句子替换为段落翻译, 范围涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等, 原本考试中侧重考学生语法知识的完型题目取消了。虽然文件中指出, 听力的听写材料以及阅读篇章的长度及难度都不变, 但是题型的改革对于已经适应了06年以来四级考试方式的学生而言, 依然是种考验。

从分值分布来看, 听力及阅读依然各占大学英语四级考试的35%, 作文的分值不变, 仍然占总分的15%, 翻译则由原来的5%提升为15%, 其中增加的10%原来为完型题目。对于一直侧重教授基础知识的大学英语教学来说, 新题型无疑会带来教学策略的改变, 对教学有反拨作用。

二、问题及对大学英语教学的启示

(一) 面临的问题

从上述考试题型设置变化上可以看出, 四级考试的应用型导向非常明显, 面对新题型, 学生考试中存在的问题主要有以下两种:

第一, 词汇欠缺, 已经学过的词汇掌握不牢固。学生目前一般是会认不会读写, 对于常用搭配不熟悉。新听力题型中的词汇或词组听写, 不再允许同义词替换, 这无疑提高了对学生的拼写能力的考察。而新阅读题型的出题套路与雅思阅读中的Matching题型如出一辙, 题干中的信息往往是对段落意思的同义复述, 无形中考察了学生对同义词的掌握情况。显然, 学生的词汇量不足在应对新题型的时候是非常困难的。

第二, 英语应用能力较差。从06年延续至今的四级考试题型中, 翻译加写作总共只占20%, 所以从理论上说, 学生即使不会说不会写, 过级的几率依然很大, 这就致使大学英语教学依然存在应试教学的缺点。应试教学中常用的题海战术“造成我们的考生语言表达能力、笔头运用能力低下, 脱离了自身的母语环境去学习母语, 不能够英汉互译” (龙晓梅, 2009) 。而本次题型改革加大了主观题的比重, 翻译、写作这两个语言输出的部分占到了30%, 如果学生缺乏运用英语的能力, 除非听、读的考试部分基本不出错, 否则四级考试将很难通过。

(二) 对大学英语教学的启示

Bailey曾经指出测试会制约学生对教育和学习的认识和态度, 而这种认识和态度会反作用与学生的学习过程和学习效果。作为检验大学英语教学水平的考试, 本次四级考试题型的改革, 也会反作用于大学英语教与学的各方面。

改变教学目标和方式是当前的迫切需求。四级题型改革的导向非常明显, 就是激励英语教育培养出能言能写、可以熟练使用英语的学生。大学英语的教学目标应该是让学生了解四级题型变化后, 进行更具实用性的英语教与学。所谓实用性, 就是教学的过程中发挥学生的自主能动性。从教的方面而言, 教师应该把原本课上大量的诸如讲词汇、讲语法的填鸭式教学环节转变为让学生活学活用的活动, 把课堂中学生对考试的压力转变为对英语学习的兴趣和信心。同时, 教师应该充分利用教学中的多模态因素, 比如提高对多媒体资源和网络课堂的利用率, 丰富课堂活动。大学英语教学始终在摸索中寻找突破, “但只要我们尊重语言教学的自然规律, 以人为本” (高艳艳, 梁钢, 2008) , 就能找到出路。

改变学生不良的学习习惯。从学的方面而言, 学生应该改变旧有的应试心态。学习的最终目的不是为了通过考试。学生应该积极适应大学学习, 改变高中聋哑学习的不良习惯, 多培养自己用英语交流的能力。如果学生可以找到英语学习的乐趣和用处, 能够积极主动的去要求学习, 那通过四级考试会变的水到渠成。从学的角度而言, 学生应该将背单词、背语法与听说读写各个环节联系起来, 与英语国家的文化生活结合起来。“大多数学生认为听力、写作、阅读和口语是分开的, 却不知英语就是一门语言, 它的各个方面是相通的” (马宁, 2012) 。学好一方面会对其他方面有促进作用, 用联系的目光看待英语学习, 就会取得整体的进步。

总之, 大学英语四级考试在不断的完善和发展, 四级题型改革对于高校教师和学生都是考验。本次题型改革的应用型导向实际上更是对英语教育的鞭策, 激励教师在教学中更加注重培养学生对英语的实际操练能力, 提高对学生听、写及口语表达的要求。我们应该积极适应新形势, 让大学英语教学和四级考试形成良性互动, 而非应试教育下的恶性循环。

摘要：2013年12月的大学英语四级题型改革与之前的几次改革相比, 对学生英语应用能力的要求有了进一步的提高, 其培养应用型人才的导向也更加明了。这对大学英语教与学的各个环节都具有很大的影响, 本文旨在分析本次四级题型的变化及其对大学英语教学的影响和启示。

关键词：四级题型,改革,大学英语教学

参考文献

[1]高艳艳, 梁钢.关于大学英语四级改革的思考.考试周刊, 2008 (12) :11-12.

[2]郭溦.大学英语四级阅读新题型的教学启示.长春师范学院学报 (人文社科版) , 2012 (11) :189-191.

[3]龙晓梅.从大学英语四级题型变化看大学英语教学改革.考试周刊, 2009 (16) :9-10.

2013年12月四级真题综述 篇3

从形式上看，本次四级作文沿袭了2013年6月四级作文的命题思路，依旧采用“看图说话”的作文形式，要求考生根据漫画内容来写作。“看图说话”的考法比较灵活，难度相应较大，也更重注语言的实际运用。

从内容上看，笔者搜集到的三道作文题目都涉及热门的IT技术。其中一道题目是关于网络对人际交往方式的影响，另一道题目提到了著名的网络搜索引擎谷歌，还有一道题目涉及日常生活中常见的“低头族”（即整日低头看手机的年轻一族）。

总结 本次四级写作部分难度不小。考生除了要具备一定的词汇量和句法知识外，还需要具备较强的逻辑思考能力。在动笔前，考生要能够迅速找到切入点，选取某个合适的角度来进行评述。而动笔时，开头段怎样引入话题、中间段怎样举例论证观点、结尾段如何总结评论等一系列问题都很考验考生的逻辑思维能力，对考生来说是个不小的挑战。建议考生备考时多积累热点话题的英文表达，同时有意识地训练自己组织语言和独立思考的能力。

本次听力部分总体来说难度不算大，但由于改革后听力部分发生了一些变化，很多考生在考场上发挥得不够理想。

笔者首先谈谈这次听力考试在时间上的变化及对考生的影响。改革前的四级听力考试时间总计为35分钟，而改革后缩短到了30分钟。另外，时间的分配也有变化。改革前，整个听力考试不间断地进行，在录音全部播放完后，会留下两三分钟的时间给考生填涂并检查答题卡，而此次改革完全取消了涂卡的时间。不少考生以前习惯在录音全部播放完后，利用收答题卡之前的两三分钟时间来集中填涂答题卡。这样的好处是，在听力考试的过程中，考生每做完一题都可以省下涂卡的几秒钟时间。利用相邻两段听力录音之间短暂的间隔时间，考生可以迅速浏览后面题目的选项，这样在听相关内容时就可以做到心中有数。可是，在这次听力考试中，录音一结束，监考人员就马上回收答题卡。这就要求考生边听边涂卡，因此可能就没有时间浏览后面的选项，造成“盲听”的后果。更严重的问题是，很多考生在考场上根本来不及涂完答题卡就交卷了，这种失分是相当可惜的。

鉴于此类问题，笔者提醒考生，平时在练习听力的时候，应该有意识地训练边听边涂卡的能力。市面上出售的真题基本都会附赠答题卡样张，建议考生在考前两周集中训练如何边听边填涂答题卡。

下面笔者以本次四级考试的一套听力试题为例来回顾此次四级考试听力部分的特点。

短对话部分考的大多是经典题型。经典题型的特点是出现频率极高，命题很有规律性，如本次四级听力短对话部分的第6题。这道题涉及人物的职业，可归为“人物身份”类的题型。要想把这类题做对，考生要重点关注录音中出现的与工作相关的内容，通过这些工作内容来推断人物的身份。考生需要注意，在录音中往往听不到选项中的原词，假如偶尔听到了选项中的原词，也大都是命题者设置的陷阱。本题的选项中出现了四个代表不同职业的词，分别是cleaner （清洁工）、mechanic （机修工）、porter （搬运工）和salesman （销售员）。听力录音中提到了修车、车辆保养等相关内容，据此考生可以推断此人的职业应该是机修工，因此正确答案为mechanic这一选项。

长对话部分主要是考查细节和人物关系，也以经典题居多，此外也出现了少量不太常见的题型。比如，这次四级听力长对话部分的第11题就是一道不太常见的题。这道题专门考查数字的听辨，考到了电话号码和分机号（extension）。这类题其实难度并不大，考生平时如果能稍加训练，基本上都能得分。

短文理解部分没有什么变化，一般会出现三段短文录音，题目以细节考查为主。做短文理解时，考生要提前浏览选项，推测短文的主题，并预测相关内容，然后在听录音的过程中注意捕捉选项中出现的名词和形容词等。比如，本次考试的第二篇短文理解考到了洗衣服的场景。在听录音前，考生只要花几秒时间浏览一下选项便可得知录音的主题内容，因为选项中出现了以下典型的单词和词组：clothes （衣服）、washer （洗衣机）、dryer （烘干机）、laundry （待洗的或洗好的衣服）、laundry room （洗衣房）等。

短文听写是本次四级听力唯一出现题型变化的部分。改革前的复合式听写除了考查单词和短语的听写外，还会考到三个长句的听写，而改革后不再听写长句了。也就是说，改革后的短文听写只听写单词和短语，因此难度有一定程度的下降。虽说短文听写一直以来都是最让考生头疼的题型，但实际上这一题型主要还是考查基本功，从本次四级改革后的试题尤其能看出这个特点。本次四级听力的短文听写部分基本没出现难词和生僻词，都是平时听力和阅读中出现的高频词和高频短语。比如，本次短文听写考到了in addition （此外）、software （软件）、in short （简言之）、scientific （科学的）等单词和短语。这些表达都是考生在平时的学习和生活中经常遇到的。因此，考生要想把短文听写做好，关键还是加强基本功，尤其要注意常用单词的拼写。

总结 四级听力部分在改革后变化不算大，难度也没有明显增加，考生在备考时可以多参考往年的听力真题。唯一需要提醒考生的是，平时要多训练边听边填涂答题卡的技巧。

四级改革后的阅读部分共有三种题型，按照试卷上出现的先后顺序，分别是选词填空、长篇阅读和仔细阅读。下面笔者以其中一套试题的阅读部分为例来具体分析。

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选词填空部分没有太大变化，依旧是以考查词汇和句型为主。从命题来看，选项中的单词以名词、形容词和动词为主，也有少量的副词，这些词都是重要的四级高频词汇。比如，选项中出现的较难的四级词汇主要有presently （目前）、realistic （现实的）、virtually （实际上，几乎）等；较简单的词有different、fast、cover、hope等。除词汇外，考生还要特别注意句型结构和语法搭配，以帮助自己更快地找到做题的突破点。如倒数第二题，原句是“That makes Shapiro optimistic， but also _____”。空格前的but also实际上是“not only …， but also …”的缩略形式，因此可以判断这句话为并列结构。原文句子的逗号前是一个描述心理状态的形容词optimistic （乐观的），因此，从原文的并列结构考生可推知两点：第一，该题空格处应填入一个形容词；第二，该形容词应该是一个描述心理活动的词。显然，选项中唯一符合要求的只有realistic一词，因此该词为正确答案。

阅读部分特别值得一提的是长篇阅读。长篇阅读这种考法第一次出现在四级考试中，实际上取代了改革前的快速阅读。改革前，快速阅读主要考查考生快速查找并定位细节信息的能力。从出题形式的角度来看，快速阅读采取“七加三”的模式：前七题是四选一的选择题；后三题是填空题，主要填写文中出现的单词和短语。改革后，快速阅读变成了长篇阅读，也叫段落信息匹配题。这次的长篇阅读总共有13个段落，文后有十道题（即十个句子），而每个句子只能匹配一个段落，这就意味着至少有三个段落没有出题，同时也有可能某个段落出两道题。这种考法与雅思考试的一类阅读题目类似。雅思考试阅读部分的题型种类很多，此次四级改革后长篇阅读题目的考法就是模仿了雅思阅读中的一种匹配题。对比改革前后，虽然这部分阅读题目形式完全不同，但考查的知识点和阅读技能都差不多，属于“换汤不换药”。因此，从解题来看，不管是哪种题型和考法，快速定位并查找文章相关细节信息的方法都是一样的。具体做法：先浏览文后各题，选取定位词（定位词以数字、名词和形容词为主，动词和副词次之），然后根据定位词回原文查找相关信息出现的段落，做题时要重点关注词和短语的同义替换。必须说明的一点是，匹配类题目的特点是“乱序”出题，即题号顺序和其对应的原文段落顺序是不一样的，考生需要根据题目内容回原文定位才能作答，现举一例来说明。比如，长篇阅读最后一题的题目句子如下：“Over fifty percent of recent college graduates remain unemployed or unable to find a suitable job.”根据该题中的数字fifty percent和recent college graduates等信息，考生可以很快发现与之相匹配的内容在文章中间部分F段的第三句话：“More than half of all recent graduates are unemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree， and the amount of student-loan debt carried by households has more than quintupled since 1999.”原文句子较长，而题目句子是对原文前半句的改写，考生可以找到明显的同义替换，如over fifty percent对应原文中的more than half，recent college graduates对应原文中的recent graduates，unable to find a suitable job对应原文中的unemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree等。

仔细阅读部分无实质性变化，考查的重点依然是考生对原文细节的理解或相关内容的推断。从命题来看，细节题居多，推断题次之，偶有语义题。关于仔细阅读部分的解题思路和技巧，考生可以参看《新东方英语》杂志往期刊载的相关文章，如《四级阅读理解之细节信息题快速定位法》（2013年1月号）和《四级阅读理解之推断题》（2011年10月号）等。

总结 四级阅读部分的改革是“换汤不换药”，考查重点没有太大变化。考生要掌握好四级高频词汇，重点训练定位细节信息的能力。

段落翻译这种考法在四级考试中首次出现。从考查目的来看，四级考试的翻译题由原先考查简单的词组和句型表达转换为考查篇章的整体表达。因此，相比改革之前的句子翻译，改革后的段落翻译难度更大，分值所占的比重也更高，题目对考生的英语表达能力和语言水平要求也更高。

从考试内容来看，笔者目前收集到了四套翻译题，其中有三套题的题材涉及中国文化：一篇段落翻译的文章提到了中餐，另一篇文章讲的是中国结，还有一篇文章涉及中国的茶文化。其实，关于中国文化这一题材，改革样题中已经有所暗示。在2013年考前官方公布的四级样题中，段落翻译的内容就是剪纸艺术，而且从文章难度和句型结构来看，官方样题和本次四级翻译考试中与中国结相关的这篇文章极其相似。由此，考生可以了解官方样题的价值所在。另外，此次四级考试翻译部分的文章除了涉及中国文化题材外，还涉及了近些年特别热门的信息技术。这篇文章没有提到技术的细节，而是简单地讨论了信息技术的教育问题。实际上，这篇文章简单改写一下便可成为一篇绝佳的议论文写作题目。

总结 鉴于上面的分析，笔者建议考生平时把翻译和写作的训练结合起来，多做造句练习，并相应地补充一些语法知识。另外，为了拓展知识面并积累相关的英文表达，考生也可以多看一些双语的书刊和节目，如China Daily、CCTV-NEWS等都是不错的选择。

总的来说，2013年12月的四级考试虽然形式上有所调整，但试题难度并没有太大变化。从另一个方面来看，这样的改革其实是在提醒考生，在备考四级考试时要加强基本功的训练，这样才能做到以不变应万变。

12月英语四级阅读真题答案 篇4

31-35 F H I C B

A. associated （v +ed.） 与…相关联

B. examine（v.）检查；检测

C. indicate（v.）意味；指示；象征

D. nuisance（n.）讨厌的人或事

E. peak（n.）巅峰；峰值

F. preventing（v +ing.）防止；组织

G. prohibiting（v +ing.）禁止

H. sensitive（a.）敏感的

I. slight（a.）微小的

J. specify（v.）详细说明；指定

K. superior（a.）高超的；优秀的

L. suspicious（a.）可疑的

M. tip（n.）尖端

N. treated（v +ed）被治疗的；被对待的

O. visual（a.）视觉的

36. I

定位：段落第一句，”Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation ,in part because of my inability to access the information as quickly.”

37. E

定位：段落首句。”Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain from take-home exams.”

38. C

定位：段落第三句“He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups.”

39. D

定位：段落首句“He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety.”

40. B

定位： have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I Learned this, figuring I Had a full week to do the research.

41. H

定位：here are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be.

42. G

定位：students’ test-form preferences vary ,too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty.

43. F

定位：Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help.

44. A

定位：So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago.

45. J

定位：“I like in-classs exams because the time is already reserved ,as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,” he responded.

46-50 D C A C B

12月四级英语真题作文范文 篇5

I. Establishing

J. Narrow

K. Naturally

L. Personnel

M. Properly

N. Respect

O. Widen

Section B

Directions There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage one

Question 57 to 61 based on the following passage.

If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.

There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.

“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”

Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.

“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life”

According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.

“A lot of men think they are invincible (不可战胜的)”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to him.

Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ” says Dr. Ross Cartmill.

“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups

Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.” But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”

57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?

A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.

B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.

C. They have lived long enough to read this article.

D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.

58。What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?

A. men drink and smoke much more than women

B. men don’t seek medical care as often as women

C. men aren’t as cautions as women in face of danger

D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases

59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him,…’(line2,para,8)?

A. it could happen to me, too

B. I should avoid playing golf

C. I should consider myself lucky

D. it would be a big misfortune

60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”(line q para.9)

A. a casual attitude towards one’s health conditions

B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems

C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved

D. unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear

61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?

A.They may increase public expenses

B.They will save money in the long run

C.They may cause psychological strains on men

D.They will enable men to live as long as women

Passage two

Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage

High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done

Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.

Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school

“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”

On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.

According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.

The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.

During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.

Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.

Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.

“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”

Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

C Few customers believe the service will be improved.

D Customers have no easy access to store managers.

63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?

A New customers are bound to replace old ones.

B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.

C Most stores provide the same

D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.

64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____

A can stay longer browsing in the store

B won’t have trouble parking their cars

C won’t have any worries about security

D can find their cars easily after shopping

65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

A Manners of the salespeople

B Hiring of efficient employees

C Huge supply of goods for sale

D Design of the store layout.

66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.

A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

B settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

D shop around and make comparisons between stores

Part V Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true 67 children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and 68 sports programs and make sure that there is easy 69 to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are 70 likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often 71 the resources needed to pay for participation 72, equipment, and transportation to practices and games 73 their communities do not have resources to build and 74 sports fields and facilities.

Organized youth sports 75 appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed 76 some educators and developmental experts 77 that the behavior and character of children were 78 influenced by their social surrounding and everyday experiences. This 79 many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in 80 ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.

This belief that the social 81 influenced a person’s overall development was very 82 to people interested in progress and reform in the United States 83 the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about 84 they might control the experiences of children to 85 responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a 86 capitalist economy depended on the productivity of worker.

67. A. among B. within C. on D. towards

68. A. spread B. speed C. spur D. sponsor

69. A. access B. entrance C. chance D. route

70 A. little B. less C. more D. much

71. A. shrink B. tighten C. limit D. lack

72. A. bill B accounts C. fees D. fare

73. A. so B. as C. and D. but

74. A. maintain B. sustain C. contain D. entertain

75.A. last B. first C. later D. finally

76.A. before B. while C. until D. when

77.A. realized B. recalled C. expected D. exhibited

78.A. specifically B. excessively C. strongly D. exactly

79. A. moved B. conducted C. put D. led

80. A. precise B. precious C. particular D. peculiar

81.A. engagement B. environment C.s tate D. status

82.A. encouraging B. disappointing C. upsetting D. surprising

83.A. for B. with C. over D. at

84.A. what B. how C. whatever D. however

85.A. multiply B. manufacture C. produce D. provide

86.A. growing B. breeding C. raising D. flying

Part VI Translation

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on answer sheet 2

87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems that they haven’t found answers_to (他们至今还没有答案)

88.What most parents are concerned about (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.

89.You’d better take a sweater with you in case it turn(s) cold (以防天气变冷)

90.Throught the project, many people have received training and decided to start their own business (决定自己创业)

12月四级英语真题作文范文 篇6

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker. Frito-Lay. Thinks otherwise.” Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.

Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America. owned by PepsiCo. And accounts for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow. the company has to look overseas.

Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. ”Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumes-especially young people-see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的)world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know than Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.

With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识).The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips. would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.

The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rater, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.【您现在阅读的文章来自“中国人才指南网”，请记住我们的永久域名： 】

26.It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marking that_____.

A)People the world over enjoy eating their company’s potato chips

B)The light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chips

C)Their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales.

D)Potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world market

27.What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?

A)It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.

B)It needs to turn to the word market for development.

C)Its products use to be popular among overseas consumers.

D)Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.

28.One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that_____.

A)products identified as American will have promising market value

B)products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profits

C)local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands

D)consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands

29.Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?

A)To suit changing tastes of young consumers.

B)To compete with other American chip producers.

C)To change the company’s long-held marketing image.

D)To promote the company#39;s strategy of globalization.

30.Frito-Lay#39;s executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market_____.

A)will be in the interest of the local people

B)will lead to economic imperialism

C)won’t spoil the taste of their chips

12月四级英语真题作文范文 篇7

2012年12月四级考试的最大变化是本次考试首次采用了“多题多卷”的方式进行。那么什么是“多题多卷”呢？“多题多卷”是指在同一个考场中同时使用多套内容不同的试卷进行考试，这与以往的考试方式有极大的不同。以往考试采取的方式是“一题多卷”，即试题内容相同，而试题顺序不同。“一题多卷”对防止考生作弊曾起到了积极作用，而这次采取的“多题多卷”方式则可以更加彻底地防止考生作弊。由于每个考生在拿到试题前都无法预知自己会拿到哪套题，因此杜绝了作弊的可能。

很多考生都关心一个问题：如果采取“多题多卷”的方式，那么不同试卷的难度难免会有所不同，这会不会对考生的成绩产生影响呢？其实，各位考生大可不必过于担心。根据四、六级考试的官方声明，四级考试所采用的多套试卷之间的难度差异对考生成绩产生的影响将通过各试卷间的等值计算来进行处理，因此考生成绩不会受到影响。下面笔者对2012年12月四级考试的阅读部分进行评析。

阅读材料内容综述

从阅读材料来看，本次四级阅读文章和以往的四级阅读文章并无实质性差别。首先，从文章体裁来看，依旧是以论说文为主。其次，从文章题材来看，本次考试的文章题材涉及商业经济、医疗保健等常见话题。

很多考生注重题目类型的研究，却往往忽视了对文章题材的研究，但事实上，文章题材对于解题是非常重要的。下面笔者就结合此次考试和以往考试的真题，简要介绍四级考试阅读部分经常涉及的文章题材。

在历年四级考试的阅读部分，商业经济类话题的文章出现频率较高，特别是涉及美国经济和社会问题的文章。从2011年开始，此类话题的文章出现得尤其多，如2011年12月的一篇阅读文章涉及了美国经济危机的问题，2012年6月的一篇阅读文章论述了美国经济危机和家庭配偶关系的问题，2012年12月的一篇阅读文章谈到了美国的失业率问题。因此，考生务必要重点关注此类话题的文章。

另一个出现频率较高的话题是医疗保健，如2012年12月的四级阅读部分就出现了关于定期进行癌症筛查的文章。很多考生碰到这类文章会觉得头疼，其中一个原因在于此类话题的文章中会出现一些大家平时接触不太多的表达，如tumor （肿瘤）、preventive check-up （预防性体检）、life span （寿命）、strike （疾病的侵袭）等词汇。因此考生在复习备考的过程中，要注意总结和积累有关此类话题的词汇。

教育也是四级阅读所偏爱的一类话题。教育类的话题又可以大致分为学校教育和家庭教育两大类，其中关于学校教育尤其是高等教育的文章出现得较多，几乎年年都会涉及。此类话题的文章内容一般不算太难，词汇也不算生僻，建议考生多读此类文章，关注相关高频词汇，比如tuition （学费）、institute （学院，学会）等。

另外，关于环境保护的话题也比较常见。对于环保题材的文章，建议各位考生熟悉以下几个出现频率较高的词：sustainable （可持续发展的）、eco-friendly （环保的，无污染的）、greenhouse （温室）、emissions （排放的气体）。

最后，科技类的话题尤其是有关网络的话题也经常出现。在本次四级考試的几套考卷中，其中一套考卷深度阅读部分的第二篇文章便涉及了高科技产品的内容。文中反复出现的high-tech （高科技）一词值得考生注意。另外，文中出现的一系列科技类话题的常用词汇考生也要熟悉，如online media （网络媒体）、innovation （创新）、high-tech product （高科技产品）、smartphone （智能手机）、laptop （笔记本电脑）。

下面笔者简要分析2012年12月四级阅读各部分题型的命题特点，并重点讲解各部分的难点和易错点。

1.快速阅读

2012年12月四级考试的快速阅读部分仍沿用了过去的命题方式，现以其中一套考题的阅读文章The Magician为例进行简单分析。

The Magician一文主要介绍了近几年的热门话题人物Steve Jobs （史蒂夫·乔布斯）的生平及其主要成就。从题材来看，本文属于商业类文章。历年四级阅读中出现的商业类文章一般都不会太难，本文也不例外。

从题目类型来看，快速阅读部分的前七道题是选择题，主要考查文章细节，偶尔考查推断性内容，对考生来说难度不算大。快速阅读部分的后三道题是填空题，这往往是考生丢分较多的“重灾区”。但其实填空题难度并不大，只要考生做题时足够细心，一般都能得分。如The Magician一文后面的第8题：“In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products， critics complained that they were ______.”要回答这道题，考生首先应找到原文中与之相关的句子。根据题干关键词critics，考生可将答案信息定位至倒数第三段第一句话：“Mr. Jobs had a reputation as a control freak， and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible …”在题干中，空格前的they指代的是题干中的Apple products，其对应的正是原文中的products and systems，故该题答案显然是closed and inflexible。

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2.深度阅读

2012年12月四级考试深度阅读部分的题型与以往相同，没有太大改变，都是以细节题和推断题为主。这两种题型总体难度都不大，对于考生来说较难的一种题型是词义题。鉴于此，这部分我们主要来探讨一下词义题。

所谓词义题，是指题干引用文中的某个词或词组，然后问该词或词组是什么意思。词义题一般难度较大，考生丢分比较严重，不过好在此类题在四级阅读中出现频率较低。词义题在每次考试中都会出现，但一般每次只会出现一两道题。这类题一般不会单纯考查考生词汇量的大小，而是考查某个词或词组在文章语境中的特定含义。因此，考生在碰到此类题时切不可根据自己的词汇知识想当然地选择其含义，而应该回原文找到该词所在句，分析上下文语境，从而推断出答案。在本次四级考试的几套考题中，只有一套考卷中出现了一道词义题，如下所示。

63. What does the author mean by “me-too products”？

A） Products with no substantial difference.

B） Products tailored to individual users.

C） Products everyone is eager to possess.

D） Products companies compete to make.

解析：本题考查的是“me-too products”在文中的含义。首先，考生要回原文找到该词所在句，即第三段第四句话：“That is， the new offerings companies are pushing out the door every six months or so are me-too products or ones with just a couple of new features.”接着，考生要分析原文内容。该句指出各公司每隔半年左右推出的新产品是“me-too products”，而其后的or表示一种解释关系，由此我们得知所谓“me-too products”指的是ones with just a couple of new features （那些只有几个新特征的产品）。最后，结合原文内容，逐一对照该题的四个选项，考生会发现A选项Products with no substantial difference （并无实质性差别的产品）与原文句意最吻合，故该题答案为A选项。

3.选词填空

2012年12月四级阅读的选词填空部分与以往相同，考查的重点仍然是动词、名词和形容词的用法。副词出现频率不高，从历年出题情况来看，平均每次考试会出现两个左右。下面笔者就以本次“多题多卷”考题的其中一套题为例，简单分析本次考试选词填空部分的特点。

该套考题选词填空部分的文章涉及商业类话题。从命题角度看，选项中出现的词有难有易，简单词如ensure、unusual和fill等，较难的词如appealing、occupations和recession等。值得一提的是，有些词虽然较常见，但可能会考查到其不太常见的用法，比如fill一词。这个词相信考生都非常熟悉，它作为动词使用时的常用词义是“装满，填满，堵塞”，但本次考题中考查的却是大家不太熟悉的含义。原文内容如下：“Women now 51 a majority of jobs in the US …”空格前出现的名词women为主语，空格后的名词词组a majority of jobs为宾语，可见此句缺少的是谓语，故51题的空白处应该填入一个动词。根据选项，唯有fill一词可以和a majority of jobs形成搭配，fill在此处表示的意思是“担任（职务等）”。很多考生不熟悉fill的这层意思，因此在做题时感到无所适从。

要想取得选词填空题部分的高分，一方面，考生要加强词汇学习，尤其要多多积累动词、形容词的固定搭配和用法以及一些抽象名词的含义和用法；另一方面，考生应适当强化语法知识学习，尤其是要学会分析句子成分。另外，考生在学习词汇时要多留意一些“熟词僻义”的用法。

备考策略

针对马上要到来的2013年6月的四级考试，笔者为考生提出以下备考策略。

1.认真研究真题。四级考试是标准化考试，因此不论考试内容和形式如何变化，其命题思路都会保持相对稳定。因此，建议考生認真分析每道真题的出题点和选项特征，尤其要重视曾经做错的题目。

2.尽量少接触或者不接触模拟题。由于市面上模拟题的质量参差不齐，无法完全模拟出真实考试的难度水平，因此，考生如果忽视真题而做太多模拟题，极有可能在解题思路上被误导。

3.归纳相关话题词汇。如前文所述，四级阅读材料涉及的话题是有限的，而且涉及相同话题的文章中所使用的词汇都会有所重复。因此，考生不要盲目背单词，可以先把真题中出现的话题词汇归纳出来，然后牢记，之后再用大纲词汇表查缺补漏，这样才能做到重点突出、目标明确。