中外节日中英对照(精选4篇)
Articles of Association for Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures
目 录
第一章 总则
第二章 宗旨、经营范围
第三章 投资总额和注册资本
第四章 董事会
第五章 经营管理机构
第六章 财务会计
第七章 利润分配
第八章 职工
第九章 工会组织
第十章 期限、终止、清算
第十一章 规章制度
第十二章 适用法律
第十三章 附则
Articles of Association for Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures INDEX
Chapter 1 General Provision
Chapter 2 The Purpose l Scope and Scale of the Business
Chapter 3 Total Amount of Investment and the Registered Capital Chapter 4 The Board of Directors
Chapter 5 Business Management Office Chapter 6 Finance and Accounting Chapter 7 Profit Sharing Chapter 8 Staff and Workers
Chapter 9 The Trade Union Organization
Chapter 10 Duration,Termination and Liquidation of the Jint Venture Company
Chapter 11 Rules and Regulations
Chapter 12 Applicable Law
Chapter 13 Supplementary Articles
第一章 总则
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国中外合资企业法》,和中国×公司(以下简称甲方)与×国×××公司)合资经营合同,特制订本合营公司章和。
第二条 合营公司中文名称为:××有限公司
英文名称为:
缩写为:
合营公司的法定地址为:
第三条 甲、乙双方的名称、法定地址为:
甲方:中国×公司,其法定地址为
乙方:×国×××公司,其法定地址为
第四条 合营公司的组织形式为有限责任公司。甲乙方仅以现行或日后修改的本章程规定的各自认缴的出资额对合营公司承担责任。在上述前提下,各方按其认缴的出资额在注册资本中的比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。
第五条 合营公司为中国法人,受中国法律管辖和保护,其一切活动必遵守中国的法律、法令和有关条例规定。
Chapter 1 General Provision
Article 1
In accordance with the “Law of the People‘s Republic of China on joint Venture UsingChinese and Foreign Investment” and the contract signed on in_________,china,by,×Co.(hereinafter referred to as Party A)。and ×××Co.,Ltd.(hereinafter referred to as Party A),to set up a joint venture,×× Limited Liability Company(hereinafter referred to as joint venturecompany),the Articles of Association hereby is formulated.Article 2
The names of the joint venture company shall be ××Limited Liability Company
Its abbreviation is
The Legal address of the joint venture company is at
Article 3
The names and legal addresses of each parties are as follows:
Party A: × Co.,China,and its legal address is
party B: ××× Co.,Ltd,and its legal address is
article 4
The organization form of joint venture company is a limited liability company.The liabilities of each party to the joint venture company just limits to its contributed capital,which stipulated in the Articles of Association or in the revised afterwards.The profits,risks and losses of the joint venture company shall be shared by the parties in proportion to their contributions of the registered capital.Article 5
The joint venture company has the status of a legal person and is subject to the jurisdiction and protection of Chinese laws concerned.All activities of the joint venture company shall be governed by the laws.decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of the People‘s Republic of China.第二章 宗旨、经营范围
第六条 甲、乙方合资经营的目的是:本着加强经济合作和技术交流的愿望,采用先进而适用的技术和科学的经营管理方法,提高产品质量,发民新产品,并在质量、价格等方面具有国际市场上的竞争能力,提高经济效益,使投资各方获得满意的经济利益。(注:在章程中要根据具体情况写明。)
第七条 合营公司经营范围为:
第八条 合营公司生产规模为:
第九条 合营公司向国内、外市场自行销售其产品,并开展有关的其他服务。合营公司将出口销售和取得外汇收入放在优先地位,以保证合营公司的成功和发展。
Chapter 2 The Purpose,Scope and Scale of the Business
Article 6
The purpose of the parties to the joint venture is in conformity with the wish of enhancing the economic cooperation and technical exchanges,to raise economic results and ensure satisfactory economic benefits for each investor by improving the product quality,developing new products,and gaining competitive position in the world market in quality and price through advanced and appropriate technology and scientific management.Article 7
Business scope of the joint venture company is
Article 8
The production scale of the joint venture company is as follows:
Article 9
The products of the joint venture company will be sold on Chinese market and overseas market and after-sale services will be provided by themselves.In order to pursuing the success and development of the joint venture company,the joint venture company shall give the top priority on export of the products and earning foreign currency.第三章 投资总额和注册资本
第十条 合营公司的投资总额为____美元
合营公司的投资总额为____美元
甲方:出资额为____万美元,占注册资本___%
其中:1.厂房设施____美元
2.机器设备____美元
乙方:出资额为____万美元,占注册资本____%
其中:
第十二条 甲、乙方应按合同规定的期限缴清各自的出资额。
第十三条 甲、乙方缴付出资额后,经合营公司聘请在中国注册的会计师验资,具验资报告后,由合营公司据此发给甲、乙各方出资证明书,确认种自的出资日期及金额。
第十四条 合营期内,合营公司不得减少注册资本数额。任何一方都不得将其在合营公司中认缴出资的任何部份抵押给任何第三方。
第十五条 合营公司注册资本的增加、转让,应由董事会一致通过后,并报原审批机权批准,向原登记机构办理变更登记手续。
Chapter 3 Total Amount of Investment and the Registered Capital
Article 10
The total amount of investment of the joint venture company is V.S.Dollars.The registered capital for the joint venture company is V.S.Dollars.Article 11
Both parties shall contribute the capital as follows:
Party A shall pay accounts for % includes)
2)
Party B shall pay accounts for % includes)Factory site and others: us Dollars;
2)Equipment: us Dollars
Article 12
The amount of the investment in Article 10 shall be paid by Party A and Party B according to the time limit stipulated in the contract.Article 13
After the payment of investment by the parties to the joint venture,a Chinese registered accountant invited by the joint venture company shall verify it and provide a certificate for contributed investment.Thereafter the joint venture company shall issue an investment certificate to confirm the date and amount of the contribution.ArticIe14
Within the term of the joint venture,the joint venture company shall not reduce its registered capital.Neither party shall be allowed to mortgage any part of the investment to the third party.Article 15
Any increase,assignment of the registered capital of the joint venture company shall be approved by the board of directors and submitted to the original examining and approving authority for approval.The registration procedures for changes shall be dealt with at the original registration and administration office.第四章 董事会
第十六条 合营公司设董事会。董事会是合营公司的最高权力机构。
第十七条 董事会决定合营公司的一切重大事宜,下列事宜,董事会应一致通过方可做出决定:
1.合营公司章程和修改;
2.合营公司的中止与解散;
3.合营公司与另一经济组织的合并、兼并与联合;
4.合营公司注册资本的增加与转让;
5.设立合营公司的分支机构;
6.批准合营公司的中长期发展规划;
7.决定合营经营方针和计划;
8.批准财务预算,财务报告和会计报表;
9.决定合营公司利润分配方案;
10.总经理、副总经理的任免;
11.涉及任何一方各合营公司利润冲突的事项。
对以下事项,须出席董事会至少×名董事通过:
1.合营公司流动资金贷款的最高额及有关合营公司资产的购置、租赁、出卖或抵押
等事宜;
2.合营公司的劳动合同和重要的规章制度;
3.审查并批准总经理提出的经营报告;
4.任免由总经理提名报董事会聘任的高级管理人员、决定上述人员的工资和生活福利待遇;
5.按照中国政府的有关规定,制定合营公司职工的福利和工资制度;
6.确定调整合营公司的组织机构;
7.决定合营公司从税后利润中提取储备基金、企业发展基金和职工奖励及福利基金的比例;
8.决定合营公司的保险种类和投保范围;
9.关于董事会对总经理经营权限的授予;
10.决定合营公司职工的住房及各项福利事宜;
11.其它应由董事会决定的事宜。
第十八条 董事会由×名董事组成,其中甲方委派×名,乙方委派×名。董事任期×年,可以连任。甲、乙方在更换董事人选时,应事先书面通各董事会和另一方。
第十九条 董事会会议每年至少召开一次。经×名以上(含×名)董事提议,董事长可以召开董事会临时会议。董事会会议原则上在_____举行。
第二十条 董事长应在董事会开会前三十天书面通知各董事,写明会议、时间和地点。董事因故不能出席董事会会议,可出具委托书委托他人代表其出席和表决。如届时未出席祟不委托他人出席,则作为弃权。
第二十一条 出席董事会会议的法定人数为全体董事的四分之三。不够四分之三人数时,其通过的决议无效。会议决录应归档保存,会议记录用中、英文文字书写,并且每个出席会议的董事均应在会议记录上签字。
Chapter 4 The Board of Directors
Article 16
The joint venture company shall establish the board of directors which is the highest authority of the joint venture company.Article 17
The board of directors shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture company.As for the following issues,unanimous approval shall be required:
l)amending the Articles of Association of the joint venture company ;
2)discussing and deciding the termination and dissolution of the joint venture company;
3)deciding the merger,affiliation and consolidation of the joint venture company with other economic organization;
4)deciding the increase and assignment of the registered capital;
5)deciding to set up branches;
6)ratifying the project of development on medium term and long term;
7)deciding an annual management strategy and plan;
8)ratifying fiscal budget,fiscal report and accounting statement;
9)deciding the plan on annual profits sharing;
l0)inviting and dismissing the general manager and the deputy general managers;
11)settling the disputes between each party to the joint venture and joint venture company.As for other matters,approval by more than_________ directors shall be required.such as;
1)deciding the top line of annual circulating capital and issues on purchasing,leasing and mortgage of assets in the joint venture company;
2)approving.the labor contracts and other important regulations of the joint venture company;
3)examining and approving the annual business report submitted by the general manager;
4)inviting and dismissing the senior administrative personnel who shall be recommended by general manager,and deciding their salary and welfare;
5)deciding the system of salary and welfare for staff and workers in joint venture company in accordance with the relevant regulations of China;
6)defining and adjusting the structure of the joint venture company
7)deciding the proportion of allocation for reserve funds,expansion funds and bonuses from the taxed profits of joint venture company;
8)deciding the types and scope of insurances for joint venture company
9)deciding the scope of authorized power for the general manager;
10)deciding the plan on living houses and other welfare for staff and workers of joint venture company;
11)deciding other matters which shall made decision by the board of directors.Article 18
The board of directors shall consist of directors.of which directors shall be appointed by Party A,by Party B.The term of office for the directors is four years and may be renewed.When appointing and replacing directors,a written notice shall be submitted to the board and the other party.Article 19
The board of directors shall convene at least one meeting every year.The chairman may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by more than _______(including)directors.The board meeting will be held in principle in ________.Article 20
The chairman shall give each director a written notice thirty(30)days before the date of the board meeting.The notice shall cover the agenda,time and place of the.Should the directors be unable to attend the board meeting,he may present proxy in written
form to the board.In case the director neither attends nor entrusts others to attend the meeting,he will be regarded as abstention.Article 22
The board meeting requires a quorum of over three quarter of the total number of directors.When the quorum is less than three quarter,the decisions adopted by the board meeting are invalid.Detailed written records shall be made for each board meeting and signed by all the attended directors or by the attended proxy.The record shall be made in Chinese and in English,and shall be filed with the company.第五章 经营管理机构
第二十二条 合营公司设经营管理机构,负责合营公司的日常管理工作。合营公司设总经理一名,副总经理×名总经理、副总理由董事任命,任期×年,经董事会决定可以连任。
第二十三条 合营公司实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制。总经理直接对董事会,执行董事会会议的各项决定。组织领导合营公司的日常生产、技术和经营管理工作。
第二十四条 副董事长、董事经董事会委派可兼任总经理、副总经理或经理助理。
第二十五条 总经理、副总经理除非得到董事会的批准不得参与和本合营公司有商业竟
争的其他经济组织。
第二十六条 总经理、副总经理及其他商级管理人员请求辞职时,应提前向董事会提出书面报告。以上人员如有营私舞弊或严重失职行为的,不能胜任工作的,经董事会决定可随时撤换。
Chapter 5 Business Management Office
Article 22
The joint venture company shall establish a management office which shall be responsible for its daily management.The management office shall have one general manager,deputy general managers.They shall be invited by the board of directors whose term of office is four years and may be renewed by the board of directors.Article 23
The system of job responsibility of the general manager under the board of directors is adopted by the joint venture company.The general manager shall be responsible to the board of directors directly,carry out the decisions of the board of directors and organize the daily
works on production,technology and management of joint venture company.Article 24
At the invitation of the board of directors,the chairman,vice chairman of directors of the board may concurrently be the general manager,deputy general manager and general manager assistant of the joint venture company.Article 25
The general manager or deputy general managers shall not hold positions concurrently as general manager or deputy general manager of other economic organizations on commercial competition with their own joint venture company without the approval of the board of directors.Article 26
The general manager,deputy general managers and other senior administrative personnel who ask for resignation shall submit their written reports to the board of directors in advance.In case any one of the above-mentioned persons conduct graft or serious dereliction of duty,they may be dismissed at any time upon the decision of the board.第六章 财务会计
第二十七条 合营公司的财务会计按照中华人民共和国财政部制定的《中华人民共和国外商投资企业会计制度规定》办理。
第二十八条 合营公司会计采用日历年制,从每年一月一日起至十二月三十一日止为一个会计。一切记账凭证、单据、报表、帐薄,用中文书写。
第二十九条 合营公司应采用人民币为记账的本位货币。人民同其它货币折算,按实际发生之日中华人民共和国外汇管理局公布的汇价计算。
第三十条 合营公司在中银行或中国银行同意的其它银行开立人民币及外币账户,第三十一条 合营公司采用国际通用的权责发生制和借贷记账法记账。
第三十二条 合营公司的财务会计账册应记载如下内容:
1.合营公司所有和现金收入、支出数量;
2.合营公司所有的物资出售及购入情况;
3.合营公司注册资本及负债情况;
4.合营公司注册资本的缴纳时间、增加及转让情况。
第三十三条 合营公司财务部门应在每一个会计头三个月编制上一个会计的资产负债表和损益计算书,经审计师审核签字后,提交董事会会议通过。
第三十四条 合营各方有权自费聘请审计师查阅合营公司账簿。查阅时,合营公司应提供方便。
第三十五条 合营公司按照《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法施行细则》的规定,由董事会决定合营公司固定资产的折旧年限。
第三十六条 合营公司的一切外汇事宜,按照《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》和有关规定办理。
Chapter 6 finance and Accounting
Article 27
The finance and accounting of the joint venture company shall be handled in accordance with the “Stipulations of the Finance and Accounting System of the Joint Venture Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” which formulated by the Ministry of Finance of the People‘s Republic of China.Article 28
The fiscal year of the joint venture company shall be calendar year from January 1 to December 31.All vouchers,receipts,accounting statements and reports,accounting books shall be written in Chinese and English.Article 29
The joint venture company adopts Renminbi(RMB)as its accounts keeping unit.The conversion of RMB into other currency shall be in accordance with the exchange rate of the converting day published by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control of the People‘s Republic of China.Article 30
The joint venture company shall open accounts in RMB and foreign currency with the Band of China or other banks which agreed by the Bank of China.
Article 3l
The accounting of the joint venture company shall adopt the internationally used accrual basis and debit and credit accounting system in their work.Article 32
The accounting books of the joint venture company shall include the following contents:
(1)all amount of income and payment and payment in cash of the joint venture company;
(2)situations concerning sale and purchasing the materials of the joint venture company;
(3)situations concerning registered capital and debt of the joint venture company;
(4)situations concerning and assignment of the registered capital.Article 33
In the first three months of each fiscal year,the manager shall prepare the profits year‘s balance sheet,profit and loss statement and proposal regarding the disposal of profits which should be examined and signed by the auditor,then submit them to the board of directors.Article 34
Parties of the joint venture company have the right to invite an auditor to undertake annual financial check and examination at his own expense.The joint venture company shall provide convenience for the checking and examination.Article 35
The depreciation period for the fixed assets of the joint venture company shall be decided by the board of directors in accordance with the “The Income Tax Law of the People‘s R-public of China for Foreign Investment Enterprises and Foreign Enterprises”
Article 36
All matters concerning foreign exchange shall be handled in accordance with the “provisional Regulations for Exchange Control of the People‘s Republic of China” and other pertaining regulations.第七章 利润分配
第三十七条 合营公司从缴纳所得税后的利润中提取储备基金、企业发展基金和职工奖励及福利基金。每年提取的比例,上董事会根据合营公司经营情况讨论确定。
第三十八条 合营公司依法纳税和提取三项基金后的利润,按照甲、乙方在注册资本中的出资比例进行分配。
第三十九条 合营公司每年分配利润一次,每个会计后三个月内公布前一年利润分配方案及各方应分的利润额。
第四十条 合营公司上一个会计亏损未弥补前不得分配利润。上一个会计未分配的利润,可并入本会计利润分配。
Chapter 7 Profit Sharing
Article 37
The joint venture company shall allocate reserve funds,expansion funds and bonuses welfare funds for staff and workers after payment of taxes.The proportion of allocation shall be decided by the board of directors.Article 38
After paying the taxes in accordance with law and drawing the various funds,the profits in net will be distributed according to the proportion of each party‘s investment in the registered capital.Article 39
The joint venture company shall distribute its profits once a year.The profit distribution plan and amount of profit distributed to each party shall be published within the first three months following each fiscal year.第八章 职工
第四十一条 合营公司员工的招收、招聘、辞退、工资、生活福利、奖惩、劳动保险、劳动保护。劳动纪律等事宜,按照《中华人民共和国外合资经营企业劳动管理规定》及其实施办法和××省(市)的有关规定办理
第四十二条 合营公司有权对违犯合营公司的规章制度和劳动纪律的员工,给予警告、记过、降薪的处分,情节严重,可予以开除。开除职工须报当地劳动部门备案。
第四十三条 中方职工的工资待遇,按照北京市劳动局的规定,根据合营公司具体情况,由董事会确定,并在劳动合同中具体规定。合营公司随着生产的发展,职工业务能力和技术水平的提高,相应提高职工的工资。合营公司中方退休人员的工资按北京市劳动局的规定办理。
第四十四条 合营公司根据中华人民共和国和××省(市)关于职工劳动保护的有关规定,确保职工在正常生产条件下工作。
Chapter 8 Staff and Workers
Article 41
The employment,recruitment,dismissal and resignation of the staff and workers of the joint venture company and their salary,welfare,labor insurance,labor protection,labor discipline and other matters shall be handled according to the “Regulations of the People‘s Re-public of China on Labor Management in Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and its implementation rules,and relevant regulations issued by ×× province(City)。
Article 42
The joint venture company has the right to take disciplinary actions,such as warning,demerit recording and salary reducing against those staff and workers who violate the rules and regulations of the joint venture company and labor disciplines.Those with serious cases
may be dismissed.Discharging of workers shall be filed with the local labor and personnel department.Article 43
The salary treatment of the staff and workers shall be set by the board of directors ac-cording to the specific situation of ________,and the joint venture company,with reference to the regulations issued by the Bureau of Labor of _________,and shall be specified in detail in the labor contract.The salary of the staff and workers shall be increased correspondently with the development of production and the progress of the worker‘s ability and technology.The pensions of the staff and workers who retired from the joint venture company shall be paid ac-cording to the specific regulations issued by the Bureau of Labor of __________.Article 44
The matters concerning the welfare funds,bonuses,labor protection and labor insurance,etc,shall be stipulated respectively in various rules by the joint venture company in accordance with relevant regulations of the People‘s Republic of China and________,to ensure that the staff and workers go in for production and work under normal condition.第九章 工会组织
第四十五条 合营公司职工有权按照《中华人民共和国工会法》的规定,建立工会组织,开展工会活动。
第四十六条 合营公司工会是职工利益的代表,它的任务是:依法维护职工的民主权利和物质利益;协助合营公司安排和合理使用福利、奖励基金;组织职工学习政治、业务、科学、技术、知识,开展文艺、体育活动;教育职工遵守劳动纪律,努力完成合营公司的各项经济任务。
第四十七条 合营公司工会负责人有权列席有关讨论合营公司的发展规划、生产经营活动等问题的董事会会议,反映职工的意见和要求。
第四十八条 合营公司工会参加调解如工和合营公司之间发生的争议。
第四十九条 合营公司每月按合营公司职工实际工资总额的百分之二拨交工会经费。合营公司工会按照中华全国总工会制定的《工会经费管理办法》使用工会经费。
Chapter 9 The Trade Union Organization
Article 45
The staff and workers of joint venture company have the right to establish trade union organization and carry out activities in accordance with the stipulation of the “Trade Union Law of the people‘s Republic of China”。
Article 46
The trade union in the joint venture company is the representative of the interests of the staff and workers.The tasks of the trade union are: to protect the democratic rights and material interests of the staff and workers pursuant to the law; to assist the joint venture company to arrange and make rational use of welfare funds and bonuses; to organize political,professional,scientific and technical studies,to carry out literary,art and sports activities; and to educate staff and workers to observe labor discipline and strive to fulfill the economic tasks of the joint venture company.Article 47
The persons in charge of the trade union of the joint venture company has the right to attend as nonvoting members and to report the opinions and demands of staff and workers to meetings of the board of directors held to discuss issues such as development plans,production and managing activities of the joint venture company.Article 48
The trade union shall take part in the mediation of disputes arising between the staff and workers and the joint venture company.Article 49
The joint venture company shall allot an amount of money totally 2% of all the salaries of the staff and workers of the joint venture company as trade union‘s funds which shall be used by the trade union in accordance with the “Managerial Rules for the Trade Union Funds” formulated by the All China Federation of Trade Union.第十章 期限、终止、清算
第五十条 合营期限为 年。自营业执照签发之日起计算。
如经双方同意,董事会会议一致通过,可以在合营公司期满前六个月,向原审批机构申请延长合营公司期限。
第五十一条 甲,乙方如一致认为终止合营符合各方最大利益时,可提前终止合营。但应在终止前九十天经董事会会议决定,并报原审批机构批准。
第五十二条 发生下列情况这一时,甲、乙任何一方有权依法终止合营。
1.合营公司期限届满;
2.合营公司严重亏损,天力继续经营;
3.由于不可抗力造成严重损失,以致无力继续经营;
4.双方中任何一方无力或不能履行本合同和章程所规定的义务,致使合营公司无法继续
经营;
5.合营公司未达到预计的经营目的,同时已无发展前途。
第五十三条 合营期满或提前终止合营时,董事会应提出清算程序、原则和清算委员会人选,组成清算委员会,对合营公司财产进行清算。
第五十四条 清算委员会任务是对合营公司的财产、债权、债务进行全面清查,编制资产负债表和财产目录,制定清算方案,提请董事会通过后执行。
第五十五条 清算委员会对合营公司的债务全部清偿后,其剩余的财产按甲、乙方在注册资本中的出资比例进行分配。
第五十六条 清算结束后,合营公司应向审批机构提出报告,并向原登记机构办理注销登记手续,缴回营业执照,同时对外公告。
第五十七条 合营公司结业后,其各种账册,由甲方保存。
Chapter 10 Duration,Termination and Liquidation of the Joint Venture
Article 50
The duration of the joint venture company is ___________ years.The establishment of the joint venture company shall start from the date on which the business license of the joint venture company is issued.An application for the extension of the duration.proposed by one party and unanimously approved by the board of directors,shall be submitted to the original examining and approving authority 6 months prior to the expiry date of the joint venture.Article 51
With the agreement between both parties on the termination which should be pursuing the best benefits for the parties,the joint venture will be terminated.In this case,the decision for the termination shall be made by the board meeting 90 days before the date of termination of the joint venture,and be submitted to the original examining and approving authority.Article52
When the following situations happened,either party have right to terminate the joint venture:
1)expiration of the duration of the joint venture company;
2)inability to continue operations due to heavy losses;
3)inability to continue operations due to heavy losses caused by the Force Majeure;
4)inability to continue operations due to the failure of the party to fulfill its obligations prescribed in the contract and the Articles of Association;
5)failure to obtain the desired objectives of the operation and no prospects for the future development of the joint venture company.Article 53
Upon the expiration of the duration or termination of the joint venture company,the board of directors shall work out procedures and principles for the liquidation,nominate candidates for the liquidation committee for liquidating the assets of the joint venture company.Article 54
The task of the liquidation committee are: to conduct through check of the property of the joint venture company,its claims and indebtedness; to work out the statement of assets and liabilities and list of property; to formulate a liquidation plan.All these shall be carried out upon the approval of the board of directors.Article 55
The remaining property after the clearance of debts of the joint venture company shall be carried out upon the approval of the board of directors.Article 56
On completion of the liquidation,the joint venture company shall submit a liquidation report to the original examining and approving authority,go through the formalities for nullifying its registration in the original registration office and hand in its business license,at the same time,make an announcement to the public.Article 57
After winding up of the joint venture company,its accounting books shall be left in the care of Party A.第十一章 规章制度
第五十八条 合营公司董事会制定的规章制度有:
1.经营管理制度(包括所属各个管理部门的职责与工作程序);
2.职工守则;
3.劳动工资制度;
4.职工考勤、升级与奖惩制度;
5.职工福利制度;
6.财务制度;
7.其它必要的规章制度。
Chapter 11 Regulations
Article 58
Following are the rules and regulations formulated by the board of directors of the joint venture company:
1)Management regulations,including the powers and functions of the managerial branches and its working rules and procedures;
2)Rules for the staff and workers;
3)System of labor and salary;
4)System of work attendance record,promotion and awards and penalty for the staff and workers;
5)Detailed rules of staff and worker‘s welfare;
6)Financial system;
7)Liquidation procedures upon the dissolution of the joint venture company;
8)Other necessary rules and regulations.第十二章 适用法律
第五十九条 本章程的订立、效力、解释、履行均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。
Chapter l2 Applicable Law
Article 59
The formation of this contract,its validity,interpretation,execution and settlement of the disputes shall be governed by the relevant laws of the People‘s Republic of china.第十三章 附则
第六十条 本章程的修改。必须经董事会会议一致通过决议,并报原审批机构批准。
第六十一条 本章程用中文和英文书写,两种文本具有同等效力。上述两种文本如有不符,以中文本为准。
第六十二条 本章程须经中华人民共和国对外经济贸易委员会批准才能行效。
第六十三条 本章程于××年×月×日由甲、乙双方的授权代表在中国北京签字。
中国×公司 ×国×××公司
代表签字: 代表签字:
职务: 职务:
年 月 日
Chapter 13 Supplementary Articles
Article 60
The amendment to the Articles of Association shall be unanimously agreed and decided by the board of directors and submitted to the original examining and approving authority for approval.Article 61
The contract shall be written in Chinese and in English.Both languages are equally authentic.In events of any discrepancy between the two aforementioned versions,the Chinese version shall prevail.Article 62
The Articles of Association shall come into effect upon the approval by People‘s Republic China.The same applies ×× Economic Relation and Trade Commission,in the events of amendments.Article 63
The Articles of Association is signed in province(city)China by the authorized representatives of both parties on DD/MM/YY
Representative signature:
Position:
2、气液色谱法(GLC)—gas liquid chromatography 将固定液涂在载体上作为固定相的气相色谱法。
3、气固色谱法(GSC)—gas solid chromatography 用固体(一般指吸附剂)作固定相的气相色谱法。
4、程序升温气相色谱法—programmed temperature gas chromatography 色谱柱按照预定的程序连续地或分阶段地进升温的气相色谱法。
5、反应气相色谱法—reaction gas chromatography 试样以过色谱前、后的反应区进行化学反应的气相色谱法。
6、裂解气相色谱法—pyrolysis gas chromatography 试样经过高温、激光、电弧等途径,裂解为较小分子后进入色谱柱的气相色谱法。
7、顶空报相色谱法—haed(应为head-编者注)space gas chromatography d在密闭的容器中与液体(或)固体)试样处于势力学平衡(应为热力学平衡-编者注)状态的气相组分,是间接测定试样中挥发性组分的一种方法。
8、毛细管气相色谱法—capillary gas chromatography 使用具有高分离效能的毛细管柱的气相色谱法。
9、多维气相色谱法—multidimensional gas chromatography 将两个或多个色谱柱组合,通过切换,可进行正吹、反吹或切割等的气相色谱法。
10、制备气相色谱法—preparative gas chromatography 用能处理较大量试样的色谱系统,进行分离、切割和收集组分,以提纯化全物的气相色谱法。
11、色谱柱:chromatographic column内有固定相用以分离混合组分的柱管。
12、填充柱:packed cklumn(应为column-编者注)填充了固定相的色谱柱。
13、微填充柱:micro-packed column填充了微粒固定相的内径一般为0.5-1mm的色谱柱。
14、毛细管柱:capillary column 内径一般为0.1—0.5mm的色谱柱。
15、空心柱:open tubular column 内壁上有固定相的开口毛细管柱。
16、涂壁空心柱(WCOT):wall –coated open tubular column 内壁上直接涂渍固定液的空心柱。
17、多孔层空心柱(PLOT):porus –layer open tubular column 内壁上有多层孔的固定相的空心柱。
18、涂载体空心柱(SCOT):support –coated open tubular column 内壁上沉积载体后涂渍固定液的空心柱。
19、填充毛细管柱:packed capillary column 将载体或吸附剂疏松地装入玻璃管中,然后拉制成内径一般为0.25—0.5mm的毛细管柱。
20、分流器:splitter 按一定比例将气流分成两部分的部件。
21、进样器:sample injector 能定量和瞬间地将度样注入色谱系统的器件。通常指进样阀或注射器。
22、汽化室:vaporizer 使试样瞬间汽化并预热载气的部件。
23、检测器:detector 能检测色谱柱流出组分及其量的变化的器件。
24、浓度敏感型检测器:concnetration sensitive detector 响应值取决于组分浓度的检测器。
25、质量敏感型检测器:mass(flow rate)sensotive detector.响应值取决于组分质量流量的检测器。
26、积分型检测器:integral detector 响应值取决于组分累积量的检测器。
27、微分型检测器:differential detector 响应值取决于组分瞬时量的检测器。
28、热导检测器(TCD):thermal conductivity detector.当载气和色谱柱流出物通过热敏元件时,由于两者的热导系数有同,使阻值发生差异而产生电信号的器件。
29、火焰离子化检测器(FID):flame ionization detector.有机物在氢火焰中燃烧时生成的离子,在电场作用下产生电信号的器件。
30、碱焰离子化检测器(AFID):alkali fiame ionization detector.在火焰离子化检测器的喷嘴附近放置碱金属化合物,能增加含氮或含磷化合物所生成的离子,从而使电信号增强的检测器。
31、光离子化检测器(PID):photoionization detector.利用高能量的紫外线,使电离电位低于紫外线能量的组分离子化,在电场作用下产生电信号的器件。
32、火焰光度检测器(FPD):flame photometric detector.将含硫或含磷的化合物在富氢火焰中产生的特征波长的光能转化为电信号的检测器。
33、电子俘获检测器(ECD):electron capture detector.载气分子在3H或Ni63等辐射源产生的β粒子的作用下离子化,在电场中形成稳定的基流,当含有电负性的基团的组分通过电场时,俘获电子使基流减小而产生电信号的器件。
34、微波等离子体(发射光谱)检测器:microwave plasma(emission spectrometric)detector 用微波等离子体激发化合物,使所含元素产生特征发射光谱,经分光系统,能同时检测多种元素的器件。
35、记录器:recorder 记录由检测系统所产生的随时间变化的电信号的仪器。
36、积分仪:integrator 按时间累积检测系统所产生电信号的仪器。
37、固定相:stationary phase 色谱柱内不移动的、起分离作用的物质。
38、吸附剂:adsorbent 具有吸附活性并用于色谱分离的固体物质。
39、固定液:stationary liquid 固定相的组成部分,指涂渍于载体表面上起分离作用的物质,在操作温度下是不易挥发的液体。
40、载体:support 负载固定液的惰性固体。
41、化学键合相:chemically bonded phase 用化学反应在载体表面键合上特定基团的固定相。
42、高分子多孔小球:porous polymer beads 苯乙烯和二乙烯基苯的共聚物或其它共聚的多孔小球,可以单独或涂渍固定液后作为固定相。
43、流动相:mobile phase 在色谱柱中用以携带试样和洗脱组分的气体。
44、载气:carrer gas 用作流动相的气体。
色谱图 chromatogram
色谱峰 chromatographic peak
峰底 peak base
峰高 h,peak height
峰宽 W,peak width
半高峰宽 Wh/2,peak width at half height
峰面积 A,peak area
拖尾峰 tailing area
前伸峰 leading area
假峰 ghost peak
畸峰 distorted peak
反峰 negative peak
拐点 inflection point
原点 origin
斑点 spot
区带 zone
复班 multiple spot
区带脱尾 zone tailing
基线 base line
基线漂移 baseline drift
基线噪声 N,baseline noise
统计矩 moment
一阶原点矩 γ1,first origin moment
二阶中心矩 μ2,second central moment
三阶中心矩 μ3,third central moment
液相色谱法 liquid chromatography,LC
液液色谱法 liquid liquid chromatography,LLC 液固色谱法 liquid solid chromatography,LSC 正相液相色谱法 normal phase liquid
chromatography
反相液相色谱法 reversed phase liquid
chromatography,RPLC
柱液相色谱法 liquid column chromatography 高效液相色谱法 high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC
尺寸排除色谱法 size exclusion chromatography,SEC
凝胶过滤色谱法 gel filtration chromatography 凝胶渗透色谱法 gel permeation chromatography,GPC
亲和色谱法 affinity chromatography
离子交换色谱法 ion exchange chromatography,IEC 离子色谱法 ion chromatography
离子抑制色谱法 ion suppression chromatography 离子对色谱法 ion pair chromatography
疏水作用色谱法 hydrophobic interaction chromatography
制备液相色谱法 preparative liquid chromatography平面色谱法 planar chromatography
纸色谱法 paper chromatography
薄层色谱法 thin layer chromatography,TLC 高效薄层色谱法 high performance thin layer chromatography,HPTLC
浸渍薄层色谱法 impregnated thin layer
chromatography
凝胶薄层色谱法 gel thin layer chromatography 离子交换薄层色谱法 ion exchange thin layer chromatography
制备薄层色谱法 preparative thin layer chromatography
薄层棒色谱法 thin layer rod chromatography 液相色谱仪 liquid chromatograph
制备液相色谱仪 preparative liquid chromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪 gel permeation chromatograph 涂布器 spreader
点样器 sample applicator
色谱柱 chromatographic column
棒状色谱柱 monolith column monolith column 微粒柱 microparticle column
填充毛细管柱 packed capillary column
空心柱 open tubular column
微径柱 microbore column
混合柱 mixed column
组合柱 coupled column
预柱 precolumn
保护柱 guard column
预饱和柱 presaturation column
浓缩柱 concentrating column
抑制柱 suppression column
薄层板 thin layer plate
数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom 定理 theorem 计算 calculation 运算 operation 证明 prove 假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition
算术 arithmetic 加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand 加数 addend 和 sum 减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend 差 remainder 乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator 积 product 除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend 除数 divisor 商 quotient 等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于 is greater than 小于 is lesser than 大于等于 is equal or greater than 小于等于 is equal or lesser than 运算符 operator 数字 digit 数 number 自然数 natural number 整数 integer 小数 decimal 小数点 decimal point 分数 fraction 分子 numerator 分母 denominator 比 ratio 正 positive 负 negative 零 null, zero, nought, nil 十进制 decimal system 二进制 binary system 十六进制 hexadecimal system 权 weight, significance 进位 carry 截尾 truncation 四舍五入 round 下舍入 round down 上舍入 round up 有效数字 significant digit 无效数字 insignificant digit
代数 algebra 公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial 多项式 polynomial, multinomial 系数 coefficient 未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation 一次方程 simple equation 二次方程 quadratic equation 三次方程 cubic equation 四次方程 quartic equation 不等式 inequation 阶乘 factorial 对数 logarithm 指数,幂 exponent 乘方 power 二次方,平方 square 三次方,立方 cube 四次方 the power of four, the fourth power n次方 the power of n, the nth power 开方 evolution, extraction 二次方根,平方根 square root 三次方根,立方根 cube root 四次方根 the root of four, the fourth root n次方根 the root of n, the nth root 集合 aggregate 元素 element 空集 void 子集 subset 交集 intersection 并集 union 补集 complement 映射 mapping 函数 function 定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range 常量 constant 变量 variable 单调性 monotonicity 奇偶性 parity 周期性 periodicity 图象 image 数列,级数 series 微积分 calculus 微分 differential 导数 derivative 极限 limit 无穷大 infinite(a.)infinity(n.)无穷小 infinitesimal 积分 integral 定积分 definite integral 不定积分 indefinite integral 有理数 rational number 无理数 irrational number 实数 real number 虚数 imaginary number 复数 complex number 矩阵 matrix 行列式 determinant
几何 geometry 点 point 线 line 面 plane 体 solid 线段 segment 射线 radial平行 parallel 相交 intersect 角 angle 角度 degree 弧度 radian 锐角 acute angle 直角 right angle 钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle 周角 perigon 底 base 边 side 高 height 三角形 triangle 锐角三角形 acute triangle 直角三角形 right triangle 直角边 leg 斜边 hypotenuse 勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等边三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle 等边三角形 equilateral triangle 四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle 长 length 宽 width 菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square 梯形 trapezoid 直角梯形 right trapezoid 等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid 五边形 pentagon 六边形 hexagon 七边形 heptagon 八边形 octagon 九边形 enneagon 十边形 decagon 十一边形 hendecagon 十二边形 dodecagon 多边形 polygon 正多边形 equilateral polygon 圆 circle 圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径 radius 直径 diameter 圆周率 pi 弧 arc 半圆 semicircle 扇形 sector 环 ring 椭圆 ellipse 圆周 circumference 周长 perimeter 面积 area 轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)相似 similar 全等 congruent 四面体 tetrahedron 五面体 pentahedron 六面体 hexahedron平行六面体 parallelepiped 立方体 cube 七面体 heptahedron 八面体 octahedron 九面体 enneahedron 十面体 decahedron 十一面体 hendecahedron 十二面体 dodecahedron 二十面体 icosahedron 多面体 polyhedron 棱锥 pyramid 棱柱 prism 棱台 frustum of a prism 旋转 rotation 轴 axis 圆锥 cone 圆柱 cylinder 圆台 frustum of a cone 球 sphere 半球 hemisphere 底面 undersurface 表面积 surface area 体积 volume 空间 space 坐标系 coordinates 坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标 x-coordinate 纵坐标 y-coordinate 原点 origin 双曲线 hyperbola 抛物线 parabola
三角 trigonometry 正弦 sine 余弦 cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent 正割 secant 余割 cosecant 反正弦 arc sine 反余弦 arc cosine 反正切 arc tangent 反余切 arc cotangent 反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant 相位 phase 周期 period 振幅 amplitude 内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle 外切圆 circumcircle
统计 statistics平均数 average 加权平均数 weighted average 方差 variance 标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例 propotion 百分比 percent 百分点 percentage 百分位数 percentile 排列 permutation 组合 combination 概率,或然率 probability 分布 distribution 正态分布 normal distribution 非正态分布 abnormal distribution 图表 graph 条形统计图 bar graph 柱形统计图 histogram 折线统计图 broken line graph 曲线统计图 curve diagram 扇形统计图 pie diagram 方程
wave equation 波动方程 tangental equation 切线方程 quartic equation 四次方程式 quadratic equation 二次方程式 magnitude equation 【天】星等差 linear equation 一次方程式
irreducible equation 不可约方程 integral equation 积分方程
indicial equation 【数】指数方程 indeterminate equation 不定方程
集合与简易逻辑
集合(集)
set 非负整数集
the set of all non-negative integers 自然数集
the set of all natural numbers 正整数集
the set of all positive integers 整数集
the set of all integers 有理数集
the set of all rational numbers 实数集
the set of all real numbers 元素
element 属于
belong to 不属于
not belong to 有限集
finite set 无限集
infinite set 空集
empty set 包含
inclusion, include 包含于
lie in 子集
subset 真子集
补集(余集)
全集
交集
并集
偶数集
奇数集
含绝对值的不等式
一元二次不等式
逻辑
逻辑联结词
或
且
非
真
假
真值表
原命题
逆命题
否命题
逆否命题
充分条件
必要条件
充要条件
……的充要条件是……
函数
函数
自变量
定义域
值域
区间
闭区间
开区间
函数的图象
proper subset
complementary set universe intersection
union
the set of all even numbers
the set of all odd numbers
inequality with absolute value
one-variable quadratic inequality
logic
logic connective
or
and
not
true
false
truth table
original proposition
converse proposition
negative proposition
converse-negative proposition
sufficient condition
necessary condition
sufficient and necessary condition … if and only if …
function argument domain range interval
closed interval open interval graph of function
映射
mapping 象
image 原象
inverse image 单调
monotone 增函数
increasing function 减函数
decreasing function 单调区间
monotone interval 反函数
inverse function 指数
exponent n次方根
根式
根指数
被开方数
指数函数
对数
常用对数
自然对数
对数函数
数列
数列
项
通项公式
有穷数列
无穷数列
递推公式
等差数列
公差
等差中项
等比数列
公比
等比中项
三角函数
三角函数
始边
终边
正角
负角
零角
象限角
弧度
弧度制
n th root
radical
radical exponent
radicand
exponential function
logarithm
common logarithm
natural logarithm
logarithmic function
sequence of number
term
the formula of general term
finite sequence of number
infinite sequence of number
recurrence formula
arithmetic progression,arithmetic series
common difference
arithmetic mean
geometric progression,geometric series
common ratio
geometric mean trigonometric function initial side terminal side positive angle negative angle zero angle quadrant angle radian
radian measure
角度制
degree measure 正弦
sine 余弦
cosine 正切
tangent 余切
cotangent 正割
secant 余割
cosecant 诱导公式
induction formula 正弦曲线
sine curve 余弦曲线
最大值
最小值
周期
最小正周期
周期函数
振幅
频率
相位
初相
反正弦
反余弦
反正切
平面向量
有向线段
数量
向量
零向量
相等向量
共线向量
平行向量
向量的数乘
单位向量
基底
基向量
平移
数量积
正弦定理
余弦定理
不等式
算术平均数
几何平均数
比较法
cosine curve maximum minimum period
minimal positive period periodic function
amplitude of vibration frequency phase
initial phase arc sine arc cosine arc tangent directed line segment scalar quantity vector zero vector equal vector collinear vectors parallel vectors
multiplication of vector by scalar unit vector base
base vectors translation inner product sine theorem cosine theorem
arithmetic mean
geometric mean
method of compare
综合法
method of synthesis 分析法
method of analysis 直线
倾斜角
angle of inclination 斜率
gradient 点斜式
point slope form 截距
intercept 斜截式
gradient intercept form 两点式
一般式
夹角
线性规划
约束条件
目标函数
可行域
最优解
圆锥曲线
曲线
坐标法
解析几何
笛卡儿
标准方程
一般方程
参数方程
参数
圆锥曲线
椭圆
焦点
焦距
长轴
短轴
离心率
双曲线
实轴
虚轴
渐近线
抛物线
准线
初等数学 elementary mathematics 高等数学 higher mathematics 现代数学 modern mathematics 基础数学 basic mathematics 应用数学 applied mathematics
two-point form general form included angle
linear programming constraint condition objective function feasible region optimal solution curve
method of coordinate analytic geometry Descartes
standard equation general equation parameter equation parameter point conic ellipse
focus, focal points focal length major axis minor axis eccentricity hyperbola real axis
imaginary axis asymptote parabola directrix
计算数学computational mathematics 复变函数论 theory of functions of a complex variable 实变函数论 theory of functions of a real variable 泛函分析 functional analysis 数理逻辑 mathematical logic 数理统计 mathematical statistics 常微分方程 ordinary differential equation 偏微分方程 partial differential equation 数理方程 equation of mathematical physics 代数拓扑学 algebraic topology 集合论 set theory 拓扑空间 topological 概率论 probability 随机过程 stochastic process 李群 Lie group 数论 number theory 图论 graph theory 编码理论 coding theory 混沌理论 chaotic theory 一般词汇
数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom 定理 theorem 计算 calculation 运算 operation 证明 prove 假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition
算术 arithmetic 加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand 加数 addend 和 sum 减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend 差 remainder 乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator 积 product 除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend 除数 divisor 商 quotient 等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于 is greater than 小于 is lesser than 大于等于 is equal or greater than 小于等于 is equal or lesser than 运算符 operator 数字 digit 数 number 自然数 natural number 整数 integer 小数 decimal 小数点 decimal point 分数 fraction 分子 numerator 分母 denominator 比 ratio 正 positive 负 negative 零 null, zero, nought, nil 十进制 decimal system 二进制 binary system 十六进制 hexadecimal system 权 weight, significance 进位 carry 截尾 truncation 四舍五入 round 下舍入 round down 上舍入 round up 有效数字 significant digit 无效数字 insignificant digit
代数 algebra 公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial 多项式 polynomial, multinomial 系数 coefficient 未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation 一次方程 simple equation 二次方程 quadratic equation 三次方程 cubic equation 四次方程 quartic equation 不等式 inequation 阶乘 factorial 对数 logarithm 指数,幂 exponent 乘方 power 二次方,平方 square 三次方,立方 cube 四次方 the power of four, the fourth power n次方 the power of n, the nth power 开方 evolution, extraction 二次方根,平方根 square root 三次方根,立方根 cube root 四次方根 the root of four, the fourth root n次方根 the root of n, the nth root 集合 aggregate 元素 element 空集 void 子集 subset 交集 intersection 并集 union 补集 complement 映射 mapping 函数 function 定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range 常量 constant 变量 variable 单调性 monotonicity 奇偶性 parity 周期性 periodicity 图象 image 数列,级数 series 微积分 calculus 微分 differential 导数 derivative 极限 limit 无穷大 infinite(a.)infinity(n.)无穷小 infinitesimal 积分 integral 定积分 definite integral 不定积分 indefinite integral 有理数 rational number 无理数 irrational number 实数 real number 虚数 imaginary number 复数 complex number 矩阵 matrix 行列式 determinant
几何 geometry 点 point 线 line 面 plane 体 solid 线段 segment 射线 radial平行 parallel 相交 intersect 角 angle 角度 degree 弧度 radian 锐角 acute angle 直角 right angle 钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle 周角 perigon 底 base 边 side 高 height 三角形 triangle 锐角三角形 acute triangle 直角三角形 right triangle 直角边 leg 斜边 hypotenuse 勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等边三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle 等边三角形 equilateral triangle 四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle 长 length 宽 width 菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square 梯形 trapezoid 直角梯形 right trapezoid 等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid 五边形 pentagon 六边形 hexagon 七边形 heptagon 八边形 octagon 九边形 enneagon 十边形 decagon 十一边形 hendecagon 十二边形 dodecagon 多边形 polygon 正多边形 equilateral polygon 圆 circle 圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径 radius 直径 diameter 圆周率 pi 弧 arc 半圆 semicircle 扇形 sector 环 ring 椭圆 ellipse 圆周 circumference 周长 perimeter 面积 area 轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)相似 similar 全等 congruent 四面体 tetrahedron 五面体 pentahedron 六面体 hexahedron平行六面体 parallelepiped 立方体 cube 七面体 heptahedron 八面体 octahedron 九面体 enneahedron 十面体 decahedron 十一面体 hendecahedron 十二面体 dodecahedron 二十面体 icosahedron 多面体 polyhedron 棱锥 pyramid 棱柱 prism 棱台 frustum of a prism 旋转 rotation 轴 axis 圆锥 cone 圆柱 cylinder 圆台 frustum of a cone 球 sphere 半球 hemisphere 底面 undersurface 表面积 surface area 体积 volume 空间 space 坐标系 coordinates 坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标 x-coordinate 纵坐标 y-coordinate 原点 origin 双曲线 hyperbola 抛物线 parabola
三角 trigonometry 正弦 sine 余弦 cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent 正割 secant 余割 cosecant 反正弦 arc sine 反余弦 arc cosine 反正切 arc tangent 反余切 arc cotangent 反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant 相位 phase 周期 period 振幅 amplitude 内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle 外切圆 circumcircle
统计 statistics平均数 average 加权平均数 weighted average 方差 variance 标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例 propotion 百分比 percent 百分点 percentage 百分位数 percentile 排列 permutation 组合 combination 概率,或然率 probability 分布 distribution 正态分布 normal distribution 非正态分布 abnormal distribution 图表 graph 条形统计图 bar graph 柱形统计图 histogram 折线统计图 broken line graph 曲线统计图 curve diagram 扇形统计图 pie diagram 方程
wave equation 波动方程 tangental equation 切线方程 quartic equation 四次方程式 quadratic equation 二次方程式 magnitude equation 【天】星等差 linear equation 一次方程式
irreducible equation 不可约方程 integral equation 积分方程
indicial equation 【数】指数方程 indeterminate equation 不定方程
集合与简易逻辑
集合(集)
set 非负整数集
the set of all non-negative integers 自然数集
the set of all natural numbers 正整数集
the set of all positive integers 整数集
the set of all integers 有理数集
the set of all rational numbers 实数集
the set of all real numbers 元素
element 属于
belong to 不属于
not belong to 有限集
finite set 无限集
infinite set 空集
empty set 包含
inclusion, include 包含于
lie in 子集
subset 真子集
proper subset 补集(余集)
complementary set 全集
universe 交集
intersection 并集
union 偶数集
奇数集
含绝对值的不等式
一元二次不等式
逻辑
逻辑联结词
或
且
非
真
假
真值表
原命题
逆命题
否命题
逆否命题
充分条件
必要条件
充要条件
……的充要条件是……
函数
函数
自变量
定义域
值域
区间
闭区间
开区间
函数的图象
映射
象
原象
单调
增函数
the set of all even numbers
the set of all odd numbers
inequality with absolute value
one-variable quadratic inequality
logic
logic connective
or
and
not
true
false
truth table
original proposition
converse proposition
negative proposition
converse-negative proposition
sufficient condition
necessary condition
sufficient and necessary condition … if and only if …
function argument domain range interval
closed interval open interval graph of function mapping image
inverse image monotone
increasing function
减函数
decreasing function 单调区间
monotone interval 反函数
inverse function 指数
exponent n次方根
n th root 根式
radical 根指数
radical exponent 被开方数
radicand 指数函数
exponential function 对数
常用对数
自然对数
对数函数
数列
数列
项
通项公式
有穷数列
无穷数列
递推公式
等差数列
公差
等差中项
等比数列
公比
等比中项
三角函数
三角函数
始边
终边
正角
负角
零角
象限角
弧度
弧度制
角度制
正弦
余弦
正切
logarithm
common logarithm
natural logarithm
logarithmic function
sequence of number
term
the formula of general term
finite sequence of number
infinite sequence of number
recurrence formula
arithmetic progression,arithmetic series
common difference
arithmetic mean
geometric progression,geometric series
common ratio
geometric mean trigonometric function initial side terminal side positive angle negative angle zero angle quadrant angle radian
radian measure degree measure sine cosine tangent
余切
cotangent 正割
secant 余割
cosecant 诱导公式
induction formula 正弦曲线
sine curve 余弦曲线
cosine curve 最大值
maximum 最小值
minimum 周期
period 最小正周期
周期函数
振幅
频率
相位
初相
反正弦
反余弦
反正切
平面向量
有向线段
数量
向量
零向量
相等向量
共线向量
平行向量
向量的数乘
单位向量
基底
基向量
平移
数量积
正弦定理
余弦定理
不等式
算术平均数
几何平均数
比较法
综合法
分析法
直线
minimal positive period periodic function
amplitude of vibration frequency phase
initial phase arc sine arc cosine arc tangent directed line segment scalar quantity vector zero vector equal vector collinear vectors parallel vectors
multiplication of vector by scalar unit vector base
base vectors translation inner product sine theorem cosine theorem
arithmetic mean
geometric mean
method of compare
method of synthesis
method of analysis
倾斜角
angle of inclination 斜率
gradient 点斜式
point slope form 截距
intercept 斜截式
gradient intercept form 两点式
two-point form 一般式
general form 夹角
included angle 线性规划
linear programming 约束条件
目标函数
可行域
最优解
圆锥曲线
曲线
坐标法
解析几何
笛卡儿
标准方程
一般方程
参数方程
参数
圆锥曲线
椭圆
焦点
焦距
长轴
短轴
离心率
双曲线
实轴
虚轴
渐近线
抛物线
准线
constraint condition objective function feasible region optimal solution curve
method of coordinate analytic geometry Descartes
standard equation general equation parameter equation parameter point conic ellipse
focus, focal points focal length major axis minor axis eccentricity hyperbola real axis
2) Sweat is the lubricant of success。汗水是成功的润滑剂。
3) A friend in need is a friend indeed。患难见真情。
4) Custom reconciles us to everything。习惯则不怨。
5) A black plum is as sweet as a white。黑梅白梅一样甜。
6) Some thing is learned every time a book is opened。开卷有益。
7) It is no use crying over spilt milk。牛奶已泼,哭也无用。
8) He that gains time gains all things。赢得时间就赢得了一切。
9) Command your man and do it yourself。要求部下做到,自己也要做到。
10) Envy may dissatisfy us with our lot。嫉妒可使我们对自己的命运不满意。
11) Between two stools one falls to the ground。脚踏两头要落空。
12) The worse luck now, the better another time。风水轮流转。
13) Rome was not built in a day。罗马不是一日建成的。
14) Faults are thick where love is thin。一朝情义淡,样样不顺眼。