考试复习资料英语（精选8篇）
36.I have absolutely no ____________ for students who get caught cheating in exam.B)sympathy 37.I prefer walking ________ cycling.C)to
38.Can you ___________ me some new books on this subject?B)recommend39 John is the only one of the students who ___________ to France.A)has been
40.She showed a __________ for acting at an early age D)talent
41.We must __________ our attentions __________ efficiency.C)concentrate / on
42.We learn a foreign language in order to __________.C)communicate43.You need a password to get __________ to the computer system.B)access
44.You will be informed when the book becomes __________.C)available
45.The room needs ______________.B)cleaning46.Things will get easier as time __________.B)goes by47.The quickest ____________ of travel is by plane.B)means
48.I __________ your problem, but I don’t think I can help you.C)appreciate49.His speech gave(an)__________ into the problem of education B)insight 50.Will you stop __________ me when I’m speaking?D)interrupting
51.They __________ him a very good job, but he turned it down.A)offered
52.Charles thinks money will __________ all his problems.B)solve
53.A diet high in fat may be responsible ____________ several types of cancerC)for54.We __________ a number of difficulties in the first week.A)encountered
55.___________________ the window, we can see a beautiful sight where the ocean meets the sky.C)looking out of
Part IV Complete the following sentences by Translating Chinese into English(本大题共5小题，每题1分, 共计5分)（填空题）56.(我越了解Lucy，我越 ….)like her.57.(建议你们都努力学习)if you want to pass the exam.58.She treats her students _好像他们是她自己的孩子似的)59.___(那位教授所说的话)had a great effect on us.60.Would you _(介意给这位病人让点地方吗？)Part IV Translate the following sentences into Chinese：(英译汉)
61.The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is that we may listen more and talk les.（我们有两只耳朵和一张嘴的原因就是便于我们多听少说！）
62.The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale” and none of the occupations she listed were women’s jobs.（老师告诉她那是一篇“神话”，因为她所列举的工作没有一项是女人
能够做的。）
63.To begin reading, it is recommended that you read some books classified by level of difficulty.（刚开始阅读时，建议读一些按难度水平分类的书籍。）
64.Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their problems that they are in you and your problems.（记住，相对于你和你的问题，和你谈话的人对自己及自身问题的兴趣要高一百倍。）
65.When you leave school, if you don’t go for your drams, no one will do it for you.（你们离开学校之后，如果自己不去追求梦想，那么是没有人会来帮你忙的。）Part V Applied Writing(汉译英)
Directions: Translate the Following Sentences into English 66.对不起，这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。（available）
I’m sorry,those overcoats are not available in your color and size.67.他梦想成为一名流行歌星。（dream of）
He dreams of becoming a pop singer.68.设想处于他的境地，你就会理解他为什打断你了。Put yourself in his shoes and you will understand why he interrupted you.69.约翰先生所说的话改变了他一生
What Mr.John said changed the course of his life.70.我应该讲笑话逗了这些孩子吗？
Am I supposed to amuse the children with jokes.Reading comprehension（阅读练习）（选择题）
One
I wished that I hadn’t opened the old wooden case,我真不该打开那个旧的木箱子.for there was the familiar box with the words ”Acceptance Letters” penciled on it.因为里面有一个我很熟悉的小盒子,上面用铅笔写着“所收信件”.Now the rose fragrance that Mama always wore came faintly toward me and I looked again at Mama’s writer had never become a reality.-----妈妈想当作家的梦想从未成为现实。
Mama never sent her article anywhere, but one day I saw a new light in her eyes.妈妈从未将自己写的东西寄出动过。但有一天我看见妈妈眼里泛着异样目
光。”Children,” she told us, “Your mama is going to be a writer.I want to write stories so that others might feel uplifted.”“孩子们，你们的妈妈将要当作家了！我要写小说，人们对我将会刮目相看。”
Mama gathered her notes, got a copy of Writer’s Market and began writing.妈妈收集了笔记。并买了一本“作家出版行市”。However, before she finished even one
article, Dad left us.然而没等她写完一篇文章，爸爸离世而去。Mama was suddenly responsible for the care and support of her children on her own.妈妈乍一下只得独自一人担当养育我们的重担。She always found time to write us encouraging notes to put into our lunch boxes or leave on our dressers----but never enough time to write her stories.她总是挤出时间写些鼓励我们信扎，放在我们的午餐盒上，或梳妆台上---但她做从来没有时间来写她的小说。
As we children grew up and began to leave home, Mama would have enough time to write.但我们都长大离家了，妈妈总该有时间来写作了吧。But something would
always come up 但事情总是接着来。---Mama’s brother was in a serious car accident, my sister needed help with her baby.---舅舅遭遇严重的车祸，姐姐又需要人照顾她的宝宝。
Now I reached down into the case and picked up the acceptance box.我伸手从箱子中拿出了妈妈的收信匣。To my surprise, the contents were appreciative letters from
my sister, brother and some other people who were encouraged by my mother’s notes and letters.我感到吃惊的是，里面全是些感谢信。我们兄弟，姊妹和其他的人因受到妈妈的信扎的鼓励而写给妈妈的感谢信。
16.Did mother send her article anywhere?(No, mother didn’t finish her article.)
17.Why was mother suddenly solely responsible for supporting her family?(Because father died.)
18.Why did mother not have enough time to write her stories?(Because mother was always busy looking after the children after Dad died.)19.What were left in mother’s acceptance box?(Letters from some people who appreciated my mother’s help.)
20.Why did the author say “Mama did fulfill her dream.Mama was a writer.”(Because mother helped and encouraged many people by writing.)Two
Eyes Can Speak 眼睛会说话
Much meaning can be conveyed（传递）clearly by our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.许多意思都能明确地通过眼睛传递，所以人们常说，“眼睛会
说话。”
Have you had such an experience? 你有过这样的经历吗？ On a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long.在公共汽车上，你也许会看着一个陌生人，但看他（她）的时间不会太长。If he senses that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.如果他（她）意识到你在盯着他（她），他（她）就会感到不自在。
The same is true in daily life.在我们日常生活中也是如此。If you are looked at for longer than necessary, 如果其他人无缘无故的瞧着你很长的时间，you will look
yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you.你就会上下打量自己，看有无什么差错。If nothing is wrong, you will feel angry toward the person staring at you that way.如没什么不对，对别人这样地盯着你，你会感到恼怒。Eyes do speak, right? 眼睛会说话，不是吗？
Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive（攻击性的）太长时间看一个人似乎是或粗鲁或有挑衅性的。But things are different when it comes
to looking at the opposite sex.但如果被盯着的是个异性，则不是这样了。If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to avert（移开）his gaze, 如果一个人男人看着一个陌生女人十几秒钟都不愿把目光移开，his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her.他的企图是很明显的，即：他想吸引该女士的注意力，以让她知道他很敬仰她。
However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, 然而在两个人交谈时一般的目光接触只是说话方时时看着听话方，in order to make sure that the listener is paying attention to what is being said.以使自己确信听话的人在注意听他讲话。As for the listener, he will, to a certain extent, look continuously at the speaker to show him that he is attentive.而听话方呢，他也会不断地看着讲话的人以表明他在注意听。
If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he is trying to dominate（支配）you, you will feel uncomfortable.在交谈时如讲话方一直不停地看着你，好像他处于一种主动支配地位似的，你也会感到不舒服。
In fact, continuous eye contact is confined（限于„范围）to lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, to show affection that words
cannot express.实际上长时间地目光直视对方常局限于恋人之间，恋人们将会长时间地相互看着，以表达他们间无法用语言表达的感情。
Evidently, eye contact should be made according to the relationship between the two people and the specific situation.很明显，目光盯着别人是好与否，要根据量之
间的关系及具体的情况而定。
1）According to this passage, a stranger in a bus may feel uncomfortable because（he is being stared at for several minutes）2）Looking too long at someone seems to be（rude and aggressive）
3）If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds continuously, that means he wishes to（attract her attention）
4）If two persons enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, the relationship between them must be（lovers）
5）According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（Eye contact should be made according to different relationships and situations.）
Three
Study: Being Fit May Outweigh Being Fat 研究表明身体超重也会健康
If you are over 60, go and take a hike or at least a leisurely walk on a regular basis.如果你已60多岁了，走出去远足旅行，至少有规律地慢步散步。It may help you
live a few more years, even if you are a bit or even much overweight.即使你稍微甚至很超重，这也许会使你多活好多年.Says a study out Wednesday.星期三发表的研究报告称。
This adds to the evidence that there are benefits to being fit even if you’re a little too fat.这也给如此说法提供了证据：即使身体超重锻炼也会有好处的。“You can’t tell just by looking at someone if they are fit,” says Steven Blair, a professor in the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina.“我们不能只凭看外表就判断一个人是否健康。”南卡罗尼拉达大学公共卫生中心的教授史迪文布莱尔说。“You can certainly be fat, even much overweight, and still be fit.” “你可能发胖，甚至很超重，但你仍然是健康的。”
Blair and colleagues studied the aerobic（有氧的）of 2,603 adults, aged 60 and older, and followed
them for 12 years.During that time, there were 450 deaths.布莱尔及其同事就2,063个60及60以上的成年人的有氧运动健康指数，腰围进行过测定。并且跟踪观测了12年，其中450人已去世。
Blair says people who are inactive can get themselves out of “the dangerous low-fit class” by doing 30 minutes of moderate（适度的）activity, such as walking, at least
five days a week.布莱尔称，那些不爱活动的人如每周至少五天每天30分钟进行适度的活动，比如像步行，也能使自己脱离“危险的不健康群体。”
To be in the highest fitness class, they probably need to be doing 45 minutes or more of moderate activity five days, 对高度健康的群体的人们，他们需要每周五天，每天45分钟进行适度的活动，and some of that time should include vigorous（激烈的）activity, he says.并且在这段时间内，有时还应进行激烈的活动。
Timothy Church, director of preventive medicine research at Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, says, “This study provides more evidence that a
key to healthy aging is being physically active, and it’s important at any weight.”迪默斯·恰尔奇，巴吞鲁奇预防医疗中心教授说，“该研究提供了更多的证据，即：高龄人的健康关键是身体要活动---无论体重如何，都很重要。”
1）According to the study, why should people over 60 go and take a hike or at least a leisurely walk on a regular basis?（Because it may help them live longer）2）Which of the following statements if NOT true?（We can judge whether some one if fit or not by his/her weight）3）Blair and colleagues studied the following of the 2,063 adults EXCEPT their _____（blood pressure）
4）How can inactive people get into the highest fitness class according to Blair?（By doing 45 minutes or more of moderate activity five days a week.）5）What if the significance of this study according to Timothy Church?（It provides more evidence to a key to.healthy aging）
Four How poor Are We?
One day a father and his rich family took his son on a trip to the country with the firm purpose of showing him how poor people can be.一天，为了让儿子看看乡下的人们有多穷的，一个有钱的父亲及家人带着儿子去了乡下，They spent a day and a night in the farm of a very poor family.他们在乡下一家很穷的农家呆了一天一宿。When they got back from their trip the father asked his son, “How was the trip?” 次日回到家里后，父亲问儿子，“这次到乡下去有何感受？”
“Very good Dad!” replied his son.“太好了，爸爸。”儿子回答道。
“Did you see how poor people can be?” the father asked.“你明白了人们多穷吗？”父亲问。
“Yeah!” “是的”
“And what did you learn?” “你知道些什么呢？”
The son answered, “I saw that we have a dog at home, and they have four.“我看见了他们家养着四条狗，而咱家却只有一条。We have a pool that reaches to the middle of the garden;they have a river that has no end.我看见他们家有一条河，并看不到尽头，我们家的小小的池塘，并且还占到了花园的中央。We have imported lamps in the garden;they have the stars.我们家花园里只有进口的灯，而他们家去有许多的星星 Our garden reaches to the front yard, they have a whole horizon.”我们家的花园都抵到前院，而他们家却拥有平坦的大地。When the little boy finished, his father was speechless.儿了说完，当爹的无言以对。
His son added, “Thanks Dad for showing me how poor we are!”儿子还补充了一句，“谢谢爸爸让我明白了我们家有多穷。” Our outlook on life depends on the way we look at things.我们对生活的观念决定了我们看待事物的态度。
The most important things in life are your friends, family, health, good humor and a positive attitude towards life.If you have these, then you have everything!生活中最重要的事情是你的朋友，家人，健康，机智的幽默感以及对生活的积极态度。有拥有了这些，你就拥有了一切。
1）The father took his son to the country because he wanted to（show his son how poor people can be）2）Where did they spend their day and night?（In the farm of a very poor family.）3）When the little boy finished, his father was_______（wordless）4）Our outlook on life depends on the way_______（we look at things）5）The most important things in life are the following EXCEPT_____（money）Five
Looking back into my childhood, my fondest memories of reading were those moments of half-burying myself underneath a blanket, reading with a flashlight（手电
筒）。回忆童年时阅读的事，我最有趣的记忆是在床上，身子埋在毛毯里打着手电筒读书。Our parents tucked us in（安顿我们睡觉）and the lights were turned off.父母安顿好我们上睡觉关上离去后.Then it was the time when the flashlight would turn on just after I heard mom and dad’s light shut off.只要听见他们屋里的灯关上，便是我们打开手电筒开始读书的时间了。
Bedtime always seemed to come when I was at the climax（高潮）of the story, or right at the end.那时好像总是在睡觉的时刻故事读到了高潮或结尾处。I couldn’t
tell you how many times I have begged my parents to let me stay up, 我正无法告诉你有多少次我央求爸妈让我熬一点夜把事故最精彩处或结尾处读完。“just till I finish this chapter”.“就让我读完这一章嘛。”They would usually roll their eyes and not let me stay up.他们眼里总是流露出否定的表情，不准我继续读下去。
My mother used to read to me from exciting books.妈妈常常给我们读写很精彩的书。She would always make it sound so interesting, so we wouldn’t want that time
to ever end.她总是让他读的故事听起来很有趣。所以当妈妈给我们读书时，我们真不想她结束。But the thing was, she would only read one chapter a day.而事实上她每天就只读一章。Finally, when we got tired of that, we would find out where the book was hidden, and read if for ourselves.我们对妈妈的这种做法感到烦恼时，我们就想法找到她藏书的地方，拿起书自己读起来。
Books have always seemed to have an magical（有魔力的）quality where you can got caught up into the story and see yourself there, while the scenes are unfolding
before you.书籍，好像总是有近似于魔力的内涵。你本人也会被带到故事里，而在你的面前，故事里的画卷（情景）决不会卷起。Books will take you to places you will never be able to visit, 书籍能使你结识新朋友，体验新事物。I can’t tell you how many times a book has been an escape for me, some place away from the hustle and bustle（喧器）of today’s busy world.我真对你说不清，书籍有多少次使我摆脱了在这个忙碌无序的世界里的喧器和奔忙。
1）What was the fondest memory in the author’s childhood?（Reading underneath a blanket, with a flashlight.）2）At bedtime, what did the author beg her parents for?（Letting her stay up to finish her reading）
3）What disappointed the author when her mother read stories to her?（Her mother would only read one chapter a day）
4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（The author used to ask for the book because her mother didn’t finish the stories.）5）What magical quality do books have according to the passage?（All of the above）
Six
Many people think that when they become rich and successful, happiness will naturally follow.许多我认为当他们发了财，事业有成了，幸福就自然而然跟着来了。
Let me tell you that nothing is further from the truth.让我告诉你并不是这样。The world is full of very rich people who are as miserable as if they were living in hell.世界上有钱的人比比皆是。而他们之悲惨犹如生活在地狱里。We have read stories about movie stars who committed suicide or a died from drugs.我们读到过关于电影明星自杀，吸毒而死的故事。Quite clearly, money is not the only solution to all problems.非常明显，金钱并不能解决一切问题。
Wealth obtained through dishonest means does not bring happiness.靠不诚信的手段获得的金钱并不能带来幸福，快乐。Lottery winnings do not bring happiness.彩
票的赢钱也不会给我们带来幸福快乐。Gambling winnings do not bring happiness.赌博的赢头也如此。To my mind, the secret to happiness lies in your successful work, 在我看来幸福的秘密在于：你事业成功，in your contribution towards others’ happiness and in your wealth you have earned through your own honest effort.在于你对他人的贡献，在于你通过诚实劳动所创造的财富。If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means, you will know that it is ill-earned money.假如你通过不诚信的方式，或靠碰运气赚了钱，这是不正当的钱.If you get you money by taking advantage of others or by hurting others, you will not be happy with it.假如你利用别人或伤害别人而赚钱。这钱对你并不意味着快乐。You will think you are a base（卑鄙的）person.你会觉得自己是一个卑鄙的人。
Long-term happiness is based on honesty, productive work, contribution and self-esteem.长久的幸福是建立在诚实，创造性的工作，贡献和自尊。Happiness is not
an end;幸福不是终点。it is a process.它是一个过程。It is a continuous process of honest, 它是一个持续的过程，productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful, worthy person.诚实，创造性的工作为他人做贡献的，让你感觉你是一个有用的，有价值的人。
1）What can you infer from the passage?（Some rich people are not so happy as we thought.）2）What is the secret to happiness according to the author?（Your own effort.）
3）Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to long-term happiness?（Earning money）下列哪一项不是造成长期幸福的因素赚钱的4）When will you NOT be happy according to the passage?（When you get your money by bringing harm to others.）5）What is the main idea of passage?（Happiness depends on our continuous effort.）
听力填空（填空题）One
How the states in the U.S.Got Their Names
People who visit the United States sometimes wonder how the states got their names.Some of the most 1)interesting names came from American Indian languages.For
example, Illinois was named for the 2)Indians.In their language, Illinois means “Brave Men”.Connecticut means “At the Long River Mouth” in the language of the Indians who 3)used to live there.Twenty-five of the states have Indian names, but other names were 4)taken from different languages.Georgia and Pennsylvania have names which were taken from the
Latin language.Florida and Colorado were named by Spanish people.States like New Hampshire and New Jersey were named for places in 5)England.The two 6)newest states have names, which did not come from any of those languages.Hawaii got its name from a word in the Hawaiian language.Alaska was named
by the Russians, which means 7)“homeland”.From whom Alaska was 8)bought in 1867.Two
Where Do Dreams Come From
Do you often dream at night? Most people do.When they 1)wake in the morning they say to themselves, “What a strange dream I had!2)Wonder what made me dream
that.”
Sometimes, dreams are frightening.Terrible things threaten and 3)run after us, we can’t break away from them.Sometimes, in dreams wishes 4)come true.We can fly
through the air or float from the tops of mountains.At other times, we have 5)trouble in dream.We are lost and cannot find our way home.In dreams we 6)act very strangely.We do things which we would never do when we are 7)awake.We think and say things we would never think and say.Why are
dreams so strange? Where do dreams 8)come from?Three
How to communicate with younger people? Here are some 1)tips.Don’t make a young person feel that he or she is, young or 2)stupid, Instead, try to pay attention to what the person is saying and 3)respect what’s on his or her mind.Try to answer any questions as well as you can.Sometimes, it is hard trying to be a 4)parent and friend to your child at the same time.It is very important to first be a parent, but that doesn’t mean that you can’t listen
like a friend.If you want to 5)spend some time with your son or daughter, niece or nephew, simply ask what they might 6)enjoy doing together.You may want to 7)suggest going to
see a movie that may be interesting to both of you, or going to the park, taking a bike ride, having a picnic lunch, etc.Younger people love going to game rooms, but do you? Try to pick something that both of you will be 8)relaxed doing and enjoy together.Four Walking
“Health, like life, is a journey.All you have to do is take the first 1)step.It is well-known that walking is one of the best forms of 2)exercise to help you get and stay fit.A great number of studies have proven that walking can 3)improve your health by conditioning（调节）your heart and lungs, improving your circulation（循环）, and making your—bones 4)stronger.Besides all the health 5)benefits, walking helps you keep fit, 6)reduce pressure, and is suitable for all 7)ages.If you’re ready to stride（迈大步走）forward into better health and fitness, choose one of the walking 8)programs and step out.对话问答（选择题）One
（1）M: Good morning.I’d like to speak to Mr.Green, please.W: My dad is not here.I can give you his business number if you’d like to call him at work.Q: Where is Mr.Green now?(At work)
（2）M: Well now, before we order, should we agree on how we will pay our bill?
W: All right.Q: Where are the two speakers?(In a restaurant)
（3）M: I wish the bus would come.It’s so cold.Look at the snow.W: And the wind is biting into my skin like a mad dog.Q: Where are the two speakers?(At a bus stop)
（4）M: Excuse me, Sir.I have just come from China, and I’ve never used a Western Library before.I wonder if you could show me around here.W: I’d like to do that, but I’m very busy now.Could you come back at about 3:30?Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?(In a library)（5）M: Doesn’t this elevator stop on the fifth floor?
W: No, it only stops on the even ones.You can go to the next floor, the sixth floor and then walk down.Q: Where are the two speakers?(In a elevator)
（6）M: Hi, Jerry.This is Lily speaking.There is a law office that’s very interested in you.Can you go for an interview tomorrow? W: Tomorrow? I’ve got to be at college all day tomorrow.How about Wednesday? Q: Where will the man be tomorrow?(At college)
（7）M: Excuse me, Sir.Visiting hours are over now.I’m afraid you must leave.Your father is tired.W: I’m sorry, nurse.I didn’t hear the bell.I’m leaving right now.Q: Where are the two speakers?(In a hospital)
（8）M: Kate, look!The passengers are coming off the plane, and there is Susan.W: Which one? Do you mean the tall one with the blue suitcase? Q: Where does the conversation take place?(At an airport)（9）M: Have you decided where you are going to live when you retire?
W: I would like to live in the country, but my life wants to live in the suburbs near our children.Q: where does the man want to live?(In the country)
（10）M: We have a wide selection of alarm clocks.What did you have in mind?
W: I would like one that will waken me with soft music.Q: Where does the conversation most likely take place?(In a department store)
Two
（1）M: How long will if take you to fix my watch?
W: I’ll call you when it is ready, but if shouldn’t take longer than a week.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(Customer and repairman)（2）M: Go to bed early and get some rest, Jack.W: But I have to study.We are going to have a history test tomorrow morning.Q: What does Jack do?(He is a student)
（3）M: Is Aunt Margaret in? I’ve got something important to tell her.W: Sorry, Mom has gone shopping.She won’t be back until noon.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(Cousins)
（4）M: Mr.Smith I’d like to talk to you about my term paper.When will it be convenient?
W: What about 4 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? Q: What is the man?(He is a teacher)
（5）M: I don’t have an appointment, but could I see Mr.Wang for Just a few minutes?
W: I’m very sorry, but he meets people only by appointment.Q: Who is the woman probably?(Mr.Wang’s secretary)（6）M: I heard you got full marks in the math exam.Congratulations!
W: Thanks!I’m sure you also did a good job.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(A student and his classmate)（7）M: Excuse me, Madam.Does this bus go to Zhongshan Road?
W: Yes, I think so.M: Thank you.W: You’re welcome.Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?(They’re strangers)（8）M: I think I’m running a temperature.I fell terrible.W: Well, I’d better examine you right now.Would you take off your overcoat, please? Q: What is the probable relationship between the woman and the man?(Doctor and patient)
（9）M: Honey!We must hurry or we will be late for the party.W: My dear, I don’t know where my ring is.I should wear it to the party.Q: What is the probable relationship between the man and the woman?(Husband and wife)（10）M: Have you got a table for two?
W: Yes, Madam.This way, please.Q: What is the most likely relationship between the speakers?(Waiter and customer)
Three
（1）M: What will you do tomorrow?
W: I’ll do some shopping before I visit my friend.Q: What will the man do first tomorrow?(Do some shopping)（2）M: Hello, Jane.Can you and Tom come to dinner tomorrow evening?
W: I think so.I don’t think we’re going out.Q: How does the woman respond?(She agrees to go to dinner)（3）M: Are you coming with me to the museum?
W: I already have my hands full with this report.Q: What does the man mean?(He is too busy to go along.)（4）M: How about going to see a movie this evening?
W: I’ve caught a bad cold.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?(The woman will take a rest)（5）M: Will you attend the dinner party on Sunday?
W: I didn’t plan to because I have so much work to do, but on second thoughts, I changed my mind.Q: What will the man do on Sunday?(He will attend the dinner party.)
（6）M: Mike, will you go dancing with me tomorrow night? We need to relax after a week of study.W: I will do anything but that.Q: What does the man mean?(He doesn’t like dancing at all)
（7）M: I have to go to class because I have a test, but if I could, I’d go with you to the movie.W: That’s too bad.I wish you could come along.Q: Where is the man going?(To class)（8）M: What are you doing this evening, Emma?
W: I’m going to the cinema with my friend.I want to see a film that I’ve heard a lot about.Q: What is Emma going to do this evening?(She is going to see a movie)（9）M: Are you going to enjoy the concert with me?
W: I’d love to, but there is an exam tomorrow morning.Q: What will the woman do?(To prepare the exam)
（10）M: Are you going to Canada or Mexico during your winter vacation?
W: Well, I don’t like cold weather at all, and Canada is freezing in the winter time.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?(The man will probably not go to Canada for his vacation)
词汇（填空题）
1）I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.2）His girlfriend lives in London and I’m sure that was a factor in his decision to move there.3）Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about? 4）He has a very positive attitude about life.5）Like his father, Tommy chose a career in the Army.6）The death of his parents had a very serious and long-lasting effect on him.7）Her former husband now lives in Houston.8）At the height of her career, she ranked second in the world.9）I didn’t think my chances of success were very good.10）Athletes from 197 countries compete in the Olympic Games in Atlanta.11）The headmaster handled the situation very well.12）I don’t want to become a burden to my children when I’m old.13）Are you capable of climbing that tree? 14）I like the challenge of learning new things.15）Our car broke down on the highway.16）He couldn’t afford the money to go on the trip.17）There are three dining halls on campus.18）I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.19）Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.20）A good leader has to be able to identify problems and come up with solutions.21）If you go on like this you’ll end up in prison.22）The temperature went up to 35℃.23）On average, men are taller than women by several inches.24）My salary is paid directly into my bank account.25）He has decided to give up racing and devote all his time to his farm in Ireland.26）By the late 1950s scientists had already accumulated enough evidence to show a clear link between smoking and cancer.27）We strongly believe that education is the most important issue facing the government.28）He broke the law, and now he must face the consequences of his actions.29）Let’s take a taxi, and never mind the expense.30）The police say there is a $50,000 reward for any information that help them find the killer.根据中文译句
1）Do your parents mind you leaving home?（介意你离家）
2）Would you mind my closing the window?（介意我关上窗户）3）Do you mind my(me)smoking here?（介意我在这儿抽烟）
4）I’m sure he wouldn’t mind you’re your going with us?（介意你同我们一起去）5）Would you mind making some room for the patient?（介意给这位病人让点地方）6）We went out in spite of the rain.（尽管下雨）
7）Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much.（尽管他酗酒）8）In spite of her success（尽管她成功）, Spencer continued to get depressed.9）In spite of all these problems（尽管有这样一些问题）, real efforts and progress are being made.10）In spite of his old age（尽管他年事已高）, he still leads an active life.11）She had all her money stolen.（所有的钱被偷了）
12）They are going to have their house painted.（把房子粉刷一下）13）Tom had his leg broken（把腿摔断了）in a football match yesterday.14）They have had their request refused.（请求遭到拒绝）
一、把握核心, 夯实基础, 突破重点
无论什么考试, 基础知识都是最重要的, 高考英语也不例外。英语基础知识包括基本的语法知识和基本的词汇。《考试大纲》语法项目表中列出12类语法项目, 《考试说明》词汇表中列出2000多个单词和400多个词组, 这些都是高考复习的核心内容。教师在指导学生复习时, 要制订严密的计划, 采取严格的检查措施, 突破记忆的“瓶颈”, 并适时强化复习, 把词汇记忆落到实处, 确保学生有足够的词汇量。
近几年英语题型淡化了语法, 但是这并不是说语法不重要。熟悉和掌握基本的语法知识有助于考生掌握英语知识之间的规律, 提高运用英语知识的正确性和准确性, 帮助考生解决高考中的实际问题。复习语法时, 首先, 教师要认真研究高考英语《考试大纲》和历年的全国高考英语试卷, 分析确定高考的热点、常考点和选考点, 以确定复习的深度和广度, 制订难度适中的复习方案。其次, 要取舍有度, 把高考的热点和常考点作为重点反复讲练, 让学生对这些知识点能做到理解透彻, 运用自如。而对于其他只要求一般性了解的知识点可以稍带而过, 不可细究、贪多求全, 不可一味地加深、加宽。再次, 找到学生语法学习上的薄弱处, 加强练习, 使学生完全掌握并能灵活运用。
二、精心编选考试练习题
高考英语《考试大纲》明确试卷包括容易题、中等题和难题, 其中以中等题为主, 近五年高考试题的命题也完全遵循了这个规定, 这是高考英语复习指导的航标灯。我们知道, 一个学生在高考中的成绩好坏主要取决于能否在中、低档的题上拿分, 基础题不丢分, 就可以保证考试不失败。
近年来的高考试题难度明显降低, 注重考查考生对基础知识、基本技能的掌握程度和综合运用所学知识分析、解决实际问题的能力。因此, 教师在编选考试练习题时, 首先要以高考《考试大纲》、《考试说明》为指导, 研究近五年的全国高考II卷试题, 摸索出命题规律, 找出常考的考点, 掌握试题难度, 以确定练习题的难度, 从而切中高考脉搏, 少走弯路。其次, 要走自己的路。自编练习题内容要有导向性和科学性, 以基础题为主, 难度合理, 摈弃过难、过怪、过偏的试题。再次, 不要迷信所谓的“名校名题”, 现在这类试题繁杂似海, 应在“海”里“捞金寻宝”, 认真审查筛选、有取有舍, 从中提炼出难度适中的练习题来, 这样才能真正地让学生受益。切忌不分良莠, 盲目地照抄照搬, 浪费有限的复习时间。
高考复习一般以“三轮复习法”为基本模式, 所以在考试练习题的编写中, 应体现不同阶段的复习特点。第一轮主要侧重配合教材, 以同步检测为主, 突出基础性;第二轮以专题辅导、强化训练为主, 突出针对性;第三轮以仿真训练为主, 突出实战性。
三、阅读为主, 强化写作
有些老师把时间花在语法类的单项选择题上, 其实, 高考并非均衡地考查听、说、读、写的各项能力, 而是按教学大纲要求, 突出对阅读能力的测试。这不仅表现在阅读理解题在试卷中的比重最大, 还表现为阅读能力影响着单项选择、完形填空、书面表达等题目的成绩。所以, 在高考英语的复习指导中, 教师要刻意地把阅读作为复习的重点, 并要以篇章阅读为主线, 带动对学生已有知识的巩固, 以此形成学生综合的英语能力。
要强化写作训练、有效地提高学生的英语写作能力就要加强对学生遣词造句、组句成篇以及词汇、语法、修辞等方面的能力和技巧的有效训练。要注意跳出花费大量时间做单项选择题的练考怪圈, 省出时间练习写作, 保证高考高分。
另外, 高三学生两极分化现象比较严重, 如果教师在复习教学中采用“一刀切”的办法就会造成优秀生“吃不饱”、中等生“提不高”、学困生“吃不了”的局面, 要全面提高不同层次学生的高考成绩, 就必须实施“分层教学, 分类指导”。
关键词 听力 考试 复习
中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-7661（2015）21-0115-02
随着云南省素质教育的全面推进，英语学科考试几次改革，听力考试在初中学业水平考试中所占分值上升，难度也逐渐加大，对学生要求也越来越高，考试内容题型多样化，考查知识面也越来越广，听力是英语教学的重要的内容，是英语能力及素质的综合反映。在以后的英语教学中将重听力、重阅读、重写作。听力作为“三重”之一，就会直接影响学生的英语综合能力。本文从2012—2014年八地州（市）联考卷的特点，对初中英语学业水平听力考试作下列粗浅的复习建议。
一、了解命题特点
1.了解听力考试的题型特点。随着云南省素质教育的全面推进，听力考试在初中学业水平考试中，考查知识面也越来越广，涉及初中三年所学的五册教材内容。因此，要了解听力考试的题型特点。听力考试共有四节内容，主要考查学生理解词汇、句子及语篇的能力和获取、分析信息的能力。听力试题的设计都是由浅及深，由易到难，循序渐进，疏密有致，从知识到能力，具有一定的梯度。听力考试时间短，一般限制在13分钟左右，而且学生除检查一下是否有笔误外，无复查余地。
2.注重基础知识的考查。命题都依据《课程标准》，《课标》是国家编写教材的依据，体现了国家对初中英语教学的要求，是教师进行教学和备考的主要依据。围绕《云南省初中学业水平标准与考试说明》，《考试说明》是初中学业水平考试命题的指导性文件和重要依据之一。因此要明确考试的内容要求及变化；明确考试的形式要求及变化；明确考试的内涵要求及变化。命题紧贴教材，注重考查学生的基本英语知识，包括听句子找图片、听句子选出答语、听对话回答问题、听对话或短文完成信息表格。都考查学生对英语口语材料的理解能力及从口语材料中获取有效信息的能力。这些能力的获得都需注重基础知识的培养。
3.注重考查学生听力的基本技能、方法。第一节，听句子选图片，句子大部分较简单，多为学生熟悉的物品，例如，2012年八州（市）联考卷第1题谈论食物，2012年第4题和2013年第1题谈论天气，2012年第5题及2014年第2题谈论职业，2013年和2014年第5题都谈论发明物，2013年第2题和2014年第3题谈论动物等。第二节，听句子选答语，此题属于交际用语，难度较大，例如，2012年第6题，2013年第7题，2014年第8题都考查时间。2013和2014年第9题都考对他人的同情，2013年和2014年第10题都考查赞同。学生必须根据所听句子做出反应并准确回答。涉及内容较多，知识点覆盖面广。与初中英语五册教材的各个单元有关。问题有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、提问原因、方式、职业、价格等 。第三节，听对话回答问题，该话题内容结合学生的学习、生活实际。涉及购物、聚会、饮食订餐、周末活动和业余爱好等。例如，2012年第1段对话谈论看电影，第2段对话周末外出。2013年，第1段对话涉及有多少张邮票及作者的最爱，第2段对话谈论语言学习，2014年第1段对话谈论食物订购，第2段对话谈论假期活动。第四节，听对话或短文完成信息表格。该部分话题多样，涉及信息量大，内容结合学生生活实际。涉及时事、社会热点问题，形式多样，有书信、介绍、通知、运动会、演讲比赛和人物等等。例如，2012年考对话，对话内容为迈克在中国的新生活；2013年考短文，谈论朋友们的职业喜好及原因；2014年考短文，演讲通知。这些话题都是学生较熟悉的。
4.为以后英语学习打下坚实的基础。听力是英语教学的主要内容，是英语能力及素质的综合反映。听力考试是考查学生通过听音获取语言信息并处理信息的能力；是考查学生实际运用英语进行交际的能力，也是时代发展的要求。听力理解是《英语课程标准》规定的学生学习英语必须掌握的听、说、读、写四会基本技能之一。听力考试成绩直接反映学生语言水平的高低、基本知识的掌握程度英语思维能力与语言运用能力的高低。随着云南省初中学业水平考试改革的不断深入，英语听力考试语速从慢到接近英美人士真实讲英语的语速。因而它成了英语初中学业水平考试的重头戏之一。因此，如果学生对英语听力任然缺乏全面的了解和系统的训练，就会直接影响学生的英语综合能力和初中学业水平考试成绩。也会直接影响学生在高中阶段乃至整个人生的发展。
二、 复习备考建议
1.明确考试要求，把握复习方向。在平时教学和备考工作中要准确把握《课程标准》的内容、性质和精神，掌握课程内容在教学中的地位及意义。《考试说明》是初中学业水平考试命题的指导性文件和重要依据之一，因此解读和分析考试目标、范围、难度、方式、结构和内容，根据内容变化思对策，明确考试形式及变化，复习时仅仅抓住重点部分。初中学业水平考试面向全体学生，根据学生的认知水平，注重考查学生英语基本知识的掌握情况及英语听力获取语言信息并处理信息的能力。认真研究《考试说明》中的示例题型，加强对考生的训练和指导。
2.认真研读教材，落实基础知识。从《课程标准》及《考试说明》和几年来的中考试题来看，考试内容以教材为主，教材是命题之源，教师要认真研读教材，熟悉教材的编排，充分把握教材知识，全面系统的进行操练，扎实的落实基础知识。教学和复习时，应把精力和重点放在英语基础知识上。另外，要用好教师用书，教师用书对每个单元的重点、难点、疑点均作了建议说明。落实基础知识，抓牢知识要点，理清各知识点之间的关系。五册教材的每个单元都有两部分听力遍排。SectionA中的1a和1b為基础知识部分，SectionB中的2a和2b知识点难度增大，基本上是一篇长对话或短文。每个单元都编排着1c和2c，让学生进一步操练基础知识部分。针对该部分，教师上课可以让学生多组练习对话或值日生每节课前利用3-5分钟上台自由遍对话。一个单元结束对本单元进行测试，都是对基础知识很好的巩固。学生熟练并掌握各个单元单词也是最基本的要求，会听首先必须会读，语音不准的同学是很难听懂别人说话的。听力测试强调的是听懂并理解。教师授课时要让学生弄清各个句型及各个时态之间的区别及其答语，从整体上很好的把握英语知识。
3.加强专题复习，培养学生能力。英语听力考试，不是一种孤立地进行听和考，而是要建立在说、读、记、理解等方面的基础之上。因此，教师必须有针对性地给学生进行专题分块复习，使学生尽快掌握所学知识，提高学生的理解、分析和综合运用能力。根据知识特点，复习中，一是要求学生能捕捉句中的关键信息；二是对日常交际用语能理解和应答；三是能根据对话内容进行推断并记录相关的信息。整个听力部分考查的热点话题通常有①问路与交通；②感谢和应答；③请求与建议；④问候与告别；⑤祝愿与祝贺；⑥健康与就医；⑦就餐与饮食；⑧旅游与计划；⑨时间与日期；⑩恭维与应答；11职业与外貌；12 道歉与应答；13 兴趣爱好；14 学校生活；15 谈论天气；16 打电话；17 购物； 18 语言学习等。
4.制定可行的复习备考计划。制定复习备考计划，按计划复习，使备考有章可循。采取分阶段复习：第一轮采取全面复习，重在知识梳理，打牢基础；第二轮分门别类地进行专题复习强化知识体系和重点积累；第三轮进行总复习，联系各种话题，综合训练，查缺补漏，教会答题技巧，提高应试能力。
I.Answer the following four questions in English.(5’×4=20’)1.What is Business English? Business English must be seen in the overall context of English for Specific Purpose(ESP), as it shares the important elements of needs analysis, syllabus design, and materials selection and development which are common to all fields of work in ESP.As with other varieties of ESP, business English implies the definition of a specific language corpus and emphasis on particular kinds of communication in a specific context.2.What is register（语域）? Register consists of three elements: field（语场）, tenor（语旨）and mode（语式）.3.What is the main content of Business English Correspondence（商务英语函电）? Business English Correspondence includes establishing business relations（建立贸易关系）;enquiries and replies（询价及回复）;quotations, sales letters, offers and counter offers（报价、推销信、报盘及还盘）;orders, acceptance and rejections（订单、接受和回绝）;sales confirmation and purchase contract（销售确认书及购货合同）;payment（支付）;packing（包装）;transport and insurance（装运与保险）;complaint, claim and settlement（申诉索赔和理赔）and so on.4.What do “7Cs” include?
7Cs: courtesy（礼貌）, consideration（体谅）, completeness（完整）, clarity（清楚）, conciseness（简洁）, concreteness（具体）, correctness（正确）.5.What are the Grice principles? Maxim of Quality（质的准则）, Maxim of Quantity（量的准则）, Maxim of Relation（关系准则）, Maxim of manner（方式准则）.6.What are the seven categories of advertisement translation strategies? ①Literal Translation（直译）/ Semantic Translation（语义翻译）/ Foreignization Translation（异化翻译）;② Free Translation（意译）/ Flexible, Dynamic, or Functional Equivalence（灵活对等、动态对等、功能对等翻译）/ Communicative Translation（传意翻译）/ Domestication Translation（归化翻译）;③ Creative Translation（再创型翻译/ 创译）;④ Supplementary Translation/ Over Translation（增补型翻译）;⑤ Condensed Translation（浓缩型翻译）;⑥ Zero Translation（不译）;⑦ Adaptation（编译）.7.What are the three types or forms of discourses according to Newmark? Expressive（表达型）, informative（信息型）and vocative（呼唤型）.II.Translate the following terms into English.(2’×10=20’)
D.D.;D/ D CN
demand draft consignment note
即期汇票 铁路运单 C.H.EF DLD EOD f.F.A.P/ A P.O.R C.O.D F.A.fad.CR sae D/A TNC D/A D/D SC TC T.C.SC U/A B.C.C/I BOT TAT DP TOD CP.SKD
clearing house Exchange Fund deadline date every other day
fairs face amount payment of arrival payment on receipt cash on delivery fixed assets free delivery cash receipts
stamped addressed envelope
deposit account transnational company document against acceptance
documentary draft supplier credit tariff circular traveler’s check sales contract underwritting account
bank clearing certificate of insurance balance of trade truck-air-truck document against payment
time of delivery commercial paper separate knock-known
1.有步骤、有计划的复习
1-10单元的基础知识。(单词、短语、语法及句型)
12.26---12.30，1---5单元的基础内容，尤其是第2、3单元所涉及到的宾语从句。
1.3---1.6，6---10单元的基础知识，尤其是被动语态，定语从句。
复习形式：以读背，过关检测为主。
2.安排学生进行专项练习，(听力训练，补全对话训练，选词填空和作文)
周一升旗时间，训练学生的听力训练;
周三晚自习，集中补全对话练习;
坚持每周3次，每次5句话的写作练习;
选词填空集中放在周六、周日业余时间。
复习形式：以检测，面批面改为主。
3.安排
现在离期末考试只有不到一个多星期了，为了实现有序复习和有效学习，必须制订具体的复习计划、落实有关的复习内容和采取科学有效的方法。
一 制订一个切实可行的复习计划：计划包括具体的复习内容、复习时间安排和复习方法，时间安排主要是要考虑课余时间，特别是课外的零碎时间。
二 落实考前的几个关键时间段第一阶段：复习内容的梳理和资料的整理；2 第二阶段：基础知识的全面复习；3 第三阶段：重点知识的针对性复习；4 第四阶段：错题回顾；5 第五阶段：考前解题技巧的回顾和考试注意事项的自我提醒
三 具体复习、练习内容
1.单词和短语复习；2 重点句型复习；3.语法专题复习4.翻译专题练习5.书面表达专题练习6.考试题型专题练习6.错题回炉练习7.综合套题练习
四 主要复习方法
61.有关智能减退, 下列哪条是错误的
A.检查内容为记忆、计算、常识、判断, 而以前二者为主
B.不能把涉及妄想的错误判断作为智能减退
C.必须在意识清楚的情况下进行检查
D.有智能减退应考虑脑器质性精神病
E.精神病性痴呆即是智能减退
62.非幻觉性知觉障碍是指
A.无客观刺激引起的知觉
B.感觉过敏或减退
C.对客观事物的个别属性的感知发生障碍
D.知觉不到客观事物
E.以上都正确
63.下列有关概率与频率, 说法正确的是
A.概率常用符号f表示
B.频率常用符号P表示
C.概率是描述某随机事件发生可能性大小的指标
D.概率就是频率
E.概率的取值范围介于-l和+1之间
64.某医师欲采用横断面调查研究的方法, 调查高血压病在人群中的分布情况, 选择最合适的指标为
A.病死率
B.发病率
C.死亡率
D.患病率
E.二代发病率
A 2型选择题 (6 5-1 0 6题)
65.药厂销售代表和某医院多名医师约定, 医师在开处方时使用F药厂生产的药品, 并按使用量的多少给予提成。事情曝光以后, 按《药品管理法》的规定, 对F药厂可以作出行政处罚的部门是
A.药品监督管理部门
B.工商行政管理部门
C.税务管理部门
D.医疗保险部门
E.卫生行政部门
66.青年李某, 右下腹疼痛难忍, 到医院就诊。经医师检查、检验, 当即诊断为急性阑尾炎, 遂对其施行阑尾切除术。手术情况正常, 但拆线时发现伤口愈合欠佳, 有淡黄色液体渗出。手术医师告知, 此系缝合切口的羊肠线不为李某人体组织吸收所致, 在临床中少见。经过近1个月的继续治疗, 李某获得痊愈。根据《医疗事故处理条例》规定, 李某被拖延近1个月后才得以痊愈这一客观后果, 应当属于
A.二级医疗事故
B.三级医疗事故
C.四级医疗事故
D.因患者体质特殊而发生的医疗意外
E.因不可抗力而造成的不良后果
67.某医疗机构发现了甲类传染病, 此时应及时采取的措施中不包括
A.对病人、病原携带者, 予以隔离治疗, 隔离期限根据医学检查结果确定
B.对疑似病人, 确诊前在指定场所单独隔离治疗
C.对医疗机构内的病人、病原携带者、疑似病人的密切接触者, 在指定场所进行医学观察
D.拒绝隔离治疗或者隔离期未满擅自脱离隔离治疗的留下其书面意见可以放行
E.对本医疗机构内被传染病病原体污染的物品, 必须实施消毒和无害化处置
68.对肠癌进行手术治疗, 手术中因医生误伤其动脉, 患者需要输血, 此时错误的说法是
A.使用医院储备血液, 如无储备则需从血站取血
B.使用血站提供的无偿献血血液, 患者无须缴纳任何费用
C.因情况紧急, 医院也可临时采血, 但要符合相关规定和要求
D.如果医院在输血过程中尽到了注意义务, 没有出现任何差错, 患者仍因输血而感染某种疾病, 则此事件不属于医疗事故
E.从血站取来的无偿献血血液, 手术使用剩余部分医院不得出售给血液制品生产单位
69.冠心病患者想接受冠脉旁路移植 (搭桥) 治疗, 但又担心术中出现意外, 属于
A.双避冲突
B.多重趋避冲突
C.趋避冲突
D.双重趋避冲突
E.双趋冲突
70.男性, 45岁, 突然寒战, 高热, 右上腹痛, 体温39~40℃, 为弛张热, 肝大, 右上腹触痛伴肌紧张, 白细胞增多, 核左移, 胸腹部透视见右膈升高, 运动受限, 超声示液平, 放射性核素扫描见肝占位病变, 应先考虑
A.肝癌
B.急性肝炎
C.阿米巴性肝脓肿
D.细菌性肝脓肿
E.胆道感染
71.某儿童8岁, 在智力测验中得分为100, 则其智商 (IQ) 为
A.超常
B.优秀
C.平常
D.不能判断
E.以上都不对
72.来访者询问:“我该与谁结婚?”治疗师不予明确答复, 这属于心理治疗原则中的
A.回避原则
B.灵活原则
C.耐心原则
D.综合原则
E.中立原则
73.某患者, 说话快, 走路快, 做事效率高, 但脾气暴躁, 容易激动, 常因与别人意见不一致而争辩。其行为类型属于
A.A型行为
B.B型行为
C.C型行为
D.D型行为
E.E型行为
74.王某经执业医师考试合格并进行注册后, 开办了一家牙科诊所, 同时因为其对妇产科知识和操作较为熟悉, 所以平时也会诊治一些妇科和产科的患者, 其进行的妇产科诊疗活动属于
A.法律允许的行为
B.医师执业规定所允许的行为
C.只要不发生差错, 法律即允许
D.超出执业范围的违法行为
E.只要是患者自愿, 就是法律允许的行为
75.李某怀孕期间到医院进行产前检查, 此时医生如果发现一些情况存在, 就会提出终止妊娠的医学意见, 这些情况中不包括
A.李某有致畸物质接触史
B.胎儿有严重缺陷
C.胎儿患严重遗传性疾病
D.李某患严重高血压, 继续妊娠会危及其生命
E.李某患严重糖尿病, 继续妊娠会严重危害其健康
76.某市检查健康女工744人的血红蛋白含量的均数为12.239g/L, 标准差为0.99g/L, 在下列哪一范围内最有理由认为是正常范围
A.11.241~13.237g/L
B.9.654~14.814g/L
C.10.283~14.814g/L
D.10.592~13.885g/L
E.10.952~13.516g/L
77.已知男性钩虫感染率高于女性。今比较甲乙两乡居民总的钩虫感染率, 但甲乡人口数女多于男, 而乙乡男多于女, 适当的比较方法是
A.分别进行比较
B.不具有可比性
C.对性别进行标准化后再比较
D.作两个样本率的χ2检验
E.甲、乙两乡的钩虫感染可直接比较
78.某内科医生出门诊, 发现心脑血管系统、呼吸系统、肿瘤等疾病占大多数。为整理各系统疾病, 确定指标的性质是
A.半定量指标
B.定量指标
C.等级指标
D.分类指标
E.定性指标
79.对某地25~30岁妇女进行一项研究发现:在服用口服避孕药者中, 宫颈癌年发病率为6/10万, 而未服用者为3/10万。据此认为服用口服避孕药是引起宫颈癌的危险因素, 此结论
A.不正确, 因为没有做显著性检验
B.不正确, 因为没有进行年龄标化
C.正确
D.不正确, 因为此研究无法确定暴露与发病的时间关系
E.不正确, 因为没有区分新病例与现患病例
80.某年某地乙肝发病人数占同年传染病人数的9.8%, 这种指标是
A.集中趋势
B.时点患病率
C.发病率
D.构成比
E.相对比
81.根据经验一般地区成年健康男子脉搏次数为72次/min。今有某医生随机抽取29名山区成年健康男子, 测得其脉搏均数为74.3次/min。现样本均数与总体均数72次/min不同, 其原因是
A.个体变异
B.抽样误差
C.抽样误差或两总体均数不同
D.两总体均数不同
E.两样本均数不同
82.假设检验水准α=0.05, 计算t=1.5, 结论是
A.根据自由度下结论
B.拒绝H0, 接受H1
C.接受H0
D.不能下结论
E.以上都不是
83.一种筛检乳腺癌的试验用于研究经病理检查证实患有乳腺癌的400例妇女和未患乳腺癌的400名妇女, 结果患癌组有100例阳性, 未患癌组有50例阳性, 该试验能将实际无病判定为阴性的能力是
A.1 0 0/3 0 0=0.3 3
B.100/400=0.25
C.1 0 0/1 5 0=0.6 7
D.50/400=0.125
E.350/400=0.87
84.为研究职业接触放射性物质与骨瘤发生的关系, 某人选取1000名接触放射性物质的女职工和1000名电话员作为研究对象, 观察1950—1980年间的骨瘤发生率。结果接触放射性物质的女工中有20例骨瘤患者, 而电话员中仅有4例, 这种研究属于
A.横断面研究
B.实验研究
C.队列研究
D.临床研究
E.病例对照研究
85.与硅沉着病发病有关的因素中, 哪项最为重要
A.接尘工龄
B.粉尘浓度
C.粉尘中游离Si O2含量:与硅沉着病的病理变化关联度最大
D.防护措施有无
E.个体素质条件
86.29岁女性发病1周, 巩膜重度黄染, 肝界缩小, 神志不清, 躁动不安, 血清总胆红素3101μmol/L, ALT200单位, 凝血酶原活动度为19%, 最可能的诊断
A.急性黄疸型肝炎
B.亚急性重型肝炎
C.急性重型肝炎
D.淤胆型肝炎
E.中毒性肝炎
87.患者, 男, 23岁, 干咳、乏力两周。近几天来有发热、胸痛伴气促。胸部X线检查:右侧中等量胸腔积液。胸腔积液化验:比重1.023, 白蛋白30g/L。白细胞3.8×109/L, 红细胞2.1×1012/L, 腺苷脱氨酶 (ADA) 89U/L, 该患者最可能的诊断是
A.化脓性胸膜炎
B.结核性胸膜炎
C.癌性胸腔积液
D.病毒性胸膜炎
E.风湿性胸膜炎
88.男, 50岁。半年前体检发现2型糖尿病, 无口渴、多尿症状, 身高165cm, 体重66kg, 坚持饮食控制及运动锻炼, 近3个月空腹血糖5.0~6.0mmol/L (90~108mg/dl) , 餐后血糖10.0~13.0mmol/L (180~234mg/dl) , 拟加用
A.双胍类降血糖药
B.磺脲类降糖药
C.α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制药
D.短效胰岛素
E.中效胰岛素
89.患者, 男, 25岁, 伤后12h。脉搏100次/min, 血压120/75mm Hg, 呼吸30次/min, 伤侧胸腔有积液征, 胸腔穿刺抽出血液, 静置后血不凝固 (进一步明确为胸腔内有血液积存) , 主要治疗是
A.输血输液
B.立即开胸手术止血
C.胸腔穿刺排除积血
D.用抗生素预防感染
E.胸腔闭式引流术
90.一患者于3h前从2m高处跌下, 左腰部撞伤, 无昏迷, 血压正常, 左腰部疼痛伴轻压痛, 无包块, 尿常规血尿, 最可能的诊断是
A.肾部分裂伤
B.肝挫伤
C.脾挫伤
D.肠破裂
E.输尿管损伤
注:本栏目由环球医学网校 (网址www.yx24.com) 协助, 特此志谢
答案在下期找或登录本刊网站
【答案解析】
32.新斯的明是可逆性胆碱酯酶抑制药, 可用于骨骼肌进行性肌无力的重症肌无力, 可改善肌无力症状。本品还能兴奋胃肠道平滑肌和膀胱逼尿肌促进排气和排尿, 可用于手术后腹气胀和尿潴留。此外通过拟胆碱作用使心率减慢, 用于阵发性室上性心动过速并可解救非除极化型肌松药如筒箭毒碱过量中毒。
33.地西泮及其他苯二氮艹卓类药物治疗指数大, 毒性低。常见的副作用:头晕、乏力和嗜睡。大剂量可引起共济失调、言语不清, 重者昏迷和呼吸抑制。长期大量服用可产生耐受性和依赖性, 久用突然停药可引起戒断现象, 包括焦虑、失眠、震颤甚至惊厥等精神症状。
35.氨茶碱治疗哮喘的主要药理作用机制为: (1) 促进内源性儿茶酚胺类物质释放, 激动支气管平滑肌细胞膜β2受体, 使c A M P的生成增加, 松弛支气管平滑肌; (2) 阻断腺苷受体, 近年证明腺苷可引起哮喘病人支气管平滑肌收缩; (3) 抗炎作用, 减少炎性细胞浸润; (4) 抑制磷酸二酯酶, 提高c A M P水平, 松弛支气管平滑肌; (5) 抑制肥大细胞释放组胺等物质。
46.尿量是反映肾血流灌注情况的指标, 借此也可反映生命器官血液灌流的情况。尿量小于25ml/h, 比重增加, 提示肾血管收缩或灌注不足;血压正常、尿量仍少、尿比重降低则有可能发生急性肾衰竭;尿量稳定在30ml/h以上, 提示休克已经纠正。
48.输血的并发症很多, 有发热反应、过敏反应、溶血反应、循环超负荷、细菌污染反应和疾病传播等, 其中溶血反应是最严重的输血并发症, 虽发生率低, 但后果严重, 死亡率高。
53.铁代谢:血清铁<8.95μmol/L, 总铁结合力升高, 大于64.4μmol/L, 转铁蛋白饱和度降低, 小于15%;血清铁蛋白低于12μg/L;骨髓铁染色显示骨髓小粒可染铁消失。
54.慢性再生障碍性贫血的首选治疗药物应是雄激素, 其治疗机制可能是直接刺激骨髓造血及增加促红细胞生成素的作用。其他答案都是不可取的。
55.尿汞升高, 通常无明显中毒症状, 可作为汞作业工人的汞吸收指标。
【关键词】小学语文 ； 考试 ； 复习
【中图分类号】G623.2 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】2095-3089（2014）22-0113-01
做好小学语文的复习必须做好以下几个方面，供大家参考：
一、做好复习计划
复习时间紧，任务重，为了减轻工作压力，提高复习效率，应加强教师之间的相互交流与合作以及制定计划和编写复习资料。例如编写资料：明确编写的目的和要求；再把拼音、字、词、句、阅读、习作、口语交际与实践活动等细致归纳编写；这样，提高了资料的质量，实现了复习的目的和计划。
二、要正确对待两个问题
1.学生对复习的态度决定一切
兴趣决定态度，态度决定一切。上复习课时，教师要通过开展内容新颖、形式多样的教学，拓宽学生参与的渠道，调动学生复习的主动性，激发他们复习的兴趣。同时，教师还要适时做好学生的思想教育工作，使他们端正复习态度，克服畏难情绪，树立必胜信心。整个复习阶段，对学生要多表扬少批评，多鼓励少指责，使学生主动去复习。
2.资料的编写与使用
对于复习资料，要把准“度”：一怕无，二怕滥，三怕生搬硬套。首先，复习课必须要有适当数量的复习资料，这是搞好复习工作的物质基础；其次，正确对待自己手头的复习资料。现在的复习资料铺夭盖地，泥沙俱下，我们不能盲目崇拜、一味拿来。而要精心挑选，作深加工；以教材为基础；切合学生的学习实际，针对班级学生实际开展复习工作。
三、复习时应先处理好两种关系
1.字词的复习，处理好打好基础与巩固提高的关系
语文是一切学科的基础，小学语文更是这个基础的基础，因此，语文复习必须注重基础知识与基本技能的落实，展开拉网式的既顾及全面又突出重点的拼音、字、词、句、段、篇的系统.复习，并凭借拼音、宇、词、句、段、篇进行听、说、读、写的系统训练。在此基础上，还要促进学生的观察、思维、理解和表达能力的进一步提高；促进学生运用所学的基础知识、基本技能以及学习方法解决实际需要的综合的听说读写的能力；促进学生对所学的知识进行存储与提取、重组与整合、理解与运用、分析与综合的基础上，提高对知识结构体系的整体把握能力。最终，促进学生语文素养的全面提高。
2.处理好自主复习与老师指导的关系
教师要尽可畿多地发挥学生的主动性和创造性，尽可能多地给予自主复习的机会，坚决摈弃越俎代庖的做法，努力让知识成为学生自己的思考结果。课堂上，教师让学生练习、讨论、交流，老师弯下身子走近学生不在于形式，而在于实实在在的巡视和指导，教师尽可能了解所有学生的学习情况，尽可能给予有效的指导，尽可能发现普遍的问题，以利于针对性的讲评。学生能够解决的，教师不包办代替。对学习困难的学生：教师要加倍关心。复习过程中，可让学生自己确定最需要复习什么，最需要补什么。教师考虑得最多的是哪些地方需要讲解，哪些地方需要指导，怎样指导；重点是引导学生寻找知识规律，归纳复习方法。
四、复习时应明确目标、循序渐进
1.明确复习日标
复习目标是否明确，直接影响着复习计划、复习过程的设计和复习质盈的好坏。目标明确，能增强复习的针对性：反之，则导致复习出现盲目性和随意性，造成学生无所适从，容易挫伤学生的复习积极性。明确新课标阐明的语文教学的总目标和具体目标。总目标是“立足于促进学生的发展，为他们的终身学习、生活和工作奠定基础”，具体目标参照课标中的各年段要求和教材的教学要求：清楚新“课程标准”提出的教学理念和数学理论；吃透教材的重点、难点和特点，特别是单元训练重点：了解学生的学习情况，尤其是不同层次的学生学习差异，能使各个层次的学生都有所提高和发展。这是抓好复习工作的关键。
2.注意知识的整体和连贯
教师要以教材为依据指导学生自己动手理清知识线索。从宏观上，对拼音，字、词、句、阅读、习作、口语交际与实践活动等方面梳理出各自的知识要点、能力要求与题目呈现形式。从微观上，对每一知识点和能力点还需进一步细化、归类。复习不是简单地重复旧知识，而是对知识进行重新组合，因而必须循序渐进，进行精讲精炼，做到复习有一定的步骤、过程，从而达到复习的目的。一般情况下，复习课可以按照“讲、练、评、测“四步设计复习程序。
3.复习方法多样化
结果重要，过程更重要；知识重要，方法更重要。在复习中，教师要不失时机地进行学习方法的指导，让学生在复习中分析比较、归纳总结，举一反三，自悟规律，掌握学法，由“复好”向“会复”转化。例如，复习划分层次的方法，可以按以下步骤引导学生学习：读，了解内容；做，圈画关键词句；想，句子之间的关系；说，划分层次的原因。重点是图画关键词句。这样，学生在切实有效的实践活动中较易掌握抓住关键词句划分层次的方法，起到事半功倍的效果。
4.让学生变被动学习为主观能动
在复习中，要改变多做题、少思考甚至只做题不思考的做法，引导学生在练习中思考，做到同化和顺应。通过对识的归类练习，让知识同化；对教学薄弱环节要强化练习，或改变学生的思维惯式，做好知识的顺应。在习作练习中，对记实作文中的表达感受，要引导学生在事情的发展过程写感受，而不是仅在开头、结尾发几句议论而已，从而改变学生平时习作养成的种种不良的写作思维定势。
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