名词性从句复习教学反思（精选8篇）
朱明丽
新课标要求教师在教学中鼓励学生通过体验、实践、讨论、合作和探究等方式，自主尝试，通过联想、推理、归纳等思维活动分析、解决问题，使学生在自主学习、交流合作中形成有效的学习策略，培养综合语言运用能力。因而在课堂教学中，提倡任务型学习和合作探究的学习，在情景交际的运用中学，即“学中用，用中学”。一． 设计理念
这节课试图采用新课标提倡的“语言接触---语言体会---语言聚焦---语言运用”这一教学模式。同位语从句作为高中阶段一个接触的比较重要的语法点，是英语教学的重点，也是学生学习的难点，同时又是高考考查的热点。而新课标提倡对同位语从句的考查不单纯考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中，考查考生的实际综合运用能力。因而在教学中，就要充分调动学生的积极性，让学生感知语法现象，体会其表达意义，学会总结语法规律，并能在情景中利用语法现象。此节课的具体构思如下： 1.教学目标
1）知识目标：使学生对同位语从句的功能和作用有清晰的认识；使学生掌握句式结构，正确选择连接词。2）能力目标：使学生能够在真实的语境中正确使用同位语从句；促进学生自主分析，概括以及合作能力。3）情感目标：使学生充分体验同位语从句的强大功能，进而激发其使用此项语法工具的兴趣。2.教学重点：让学生自主观察、分析、总结连接词的选取规则。3.教学难点：在具体的情景中学会简单运用所学的同位语从句的知识。二． 课堂操作
1.以英文歌曲营造课堂气氛并导入话题，同位语从句在英语语言中的应用无处不在。
2.小组展示课前预习任务： 名词性从句种类及作用； 名词性从句引导词； It 作形式主语的句式结构； It 作形式宾语的句式结构； 同位语从句和定语从句的区别。其他同学对小组展示进行点评，质疑。
3，教师引导学生对名词性从句的高考考点进行归纳，练习和巩固。1）名词性从句的语序问题；
2）名词性从句中连接词的选用：what和 that, whether 和if； 3)疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句;4)主语从句中的主谓一致;
5)名词性从句的虚拟语气问题.4，练习高考题型，巩固提升。5，课堂小结。三．课后体会
1.教学设计比较符合学生的现有的经验和知识水平；在步骤安排上，环节之间跨度小，注意环节之间的相互铺垫、搭配，在知识和能力要求上，逐层提高，因而学生基本能够通过自己体验、观察分析句子结构，简单归纳同位语从句的基本形式，基本达成了预定的教学目标。
2.课堂教学操作中，能够根据预定的教学设计，恰当引导学生自主体验、尝试，归纳同位语从句规律，一定程度上锻炼了学生的思维，促使学生相互交流，共同学习提高。
★一：句首what式，引导主语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）
1 （08山东 23） __________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As
2(08 福建 27)_________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympics Games will take place in Beijing.A.ItB.What C. AsD. Which
3(07 福建35)It is none of your business _______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B.what C. whichD. when
4(07全国Ⅱ17)_________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What B. WhyC.Where D. Which
5(06山东 27)__________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A.No matter whatB. No matte which C. WhateverD.Whichever
★二：Be动词后的what从句，引导表语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）
6 He isn’t _________ he used to be now.
A.thatB.how C. whatD.which
7(06全国Ⅰ23)See the flags on top of the building? Thatwas _______ we did this morning.
A. when B.which C. whereD.what
★三：介词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人
8 （08浙江6） Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home.
A.whatB. thatC. whichD. one
9(08重庆 25) People in Chongqing are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. that B.which C. whatD. how
10(07江苏 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.
A. what B. whyC.how D.whether
11(07安徽 33) You can only be sure of ________ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something that you might get in the future.
A.thatB.what C. whichD. /
12(2005山东 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.
A.whereB.how C. whatD. which
★四：动词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人
13（08北京30） The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A.whichB. thatC. whatD.who
14(08湖南 29) When asked _________they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A. what B.why C. whomD. which
15(07天津 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make __________ it is.
A.whatB.which C. howD. where
16(06全国Ⅱ16)--- What did your parents think about your decision?
--- They always let me do __________ I think I should.
A. when B.that C. howD.what
五：平时常见what如下习语，值得同学们熟悉，变通应用：
1.Ais to B what C is to D A之于B来说就如同C之于D一样
Air is to us what water is to fish.
2.what one is 一个人的为人
what one has一个人的财富
A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as what he is.一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。
3. what you call 所谓
what is called所谓
He is what is called a walking dictionary.他就是人们所谓的一本活字典。
4. what with A and( what with) B半因为-------半因为------
What by A and(what by) B半用--------半用------
What with the wind and what with the rain ,his return was put off.有风又有雨，他的回程受耽搁。
5. what is more而且
what is worse跟糟糕的是
名词性从句教学
一．教学目标
知识目标：掌握名词性从句中关系代词和关系副词的作用和功能，能准确选择名词性从句所需的关系代词或关系副词。
能力目标：能较好地运用名词性从句，能正确区分主语，宾语，标语，同谓语从句。
情感目标：通过学习调动学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。
二、重点难点：提高学生对语法学习的兴趣和积极性，较好地掌握名词性从句的用法，理解名词性从句的概念，运用知识点解题。
三、学情分析
语法向来是学生头痛的一项内容，而名词性从句在历来的高考试题中都有所体现，因此,掌握这一内容显得尤其重要。我所教的班级学生为普通生，英语的基础比较差，再加上语法复习基本以呈现理论为主再辅以练习，相对枯燥，学生兴趣不够，容易分散注意力，所以应溶入一些新的教学元素。这个年龄的学生争强好胜，喜欢新事物，于是我考虑借用大家感兴趣的话题通过竞争法等促进学生的热情，增强学习的效果。
四、教学方法
以学生为主体，尝试创新思维，联系社会采用讨论、协作、探究、竞争的教学模式，引导学生灵活运用所学语法知识。
五、课前准备
1、布置学生熟记名词性从句各关系代词和关系副词的用法。
2、教师准备相关多媒体课件。
六、教学课时：一课时
七、教学过程
I.lead-in 复习导入 II.presentation 一）定义和分类
把一个句子当做名词使用（用来做主语、动词宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语），这个句子就叫名词性从句；当做什么来用，就叫什么从句。
二）引导词 不充当任何成分的连词（5个）that（无任何词意）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）2 充当成分的连接代词（9个）
what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 充当成分的连接副词（7个）
when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
三）特殊情况
It 做形式主语，形式宾语时，真正的主语从句，宾语从句放在后面。
四）注意事项
不可省略的连词：
1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
例1 That she was chosen made us very happy.（主语从句，that不可省）
例2 We heard the news that our team had won.（同位语从句，that不可省）
3．同学们要特别注意同位语从句与定语从句的区别。（1）同位语从句的作用是对前面的词进行具体的说明。（2）定语从句的作用是对前面的词进行修饰或补充。
（3）尤其要注意that 在这两种从句中的用法，that在同位语从句中不作成分无意思，that在定语从句中要做成分有意思。
五）做题技巧
同学们首先要知道基本上我们所学的所有特殊疑问词都可以引导同位语从句，还有就是要记住that，whether，if，as if，as though 这几个词也可以。
做题的时候，把选项当中的词直接代入句子中，哪个翻译得通就选哪个，当然也要注意是不是特殊的句式（It做形式主语，形式宾语；同位语从句）
III.production 六）练习巩固
我讲完这些之后就给学生发一些打印的名词性从句练习题让他们做。我一般会先讲解几个，其他的让他们自己按照我们上面说的去做。1.________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says
答案A：句型It is said that+主语从句。类似的还有It is believed that……etc
2._____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where
答案A：观察此从句中缺少主语，而能在主语从句中即充当主语成分又引导的就只有what了
3.It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.A.whether B.if C.that D.how
4.Shanghai has taken on a new look.It isn’t like _____ it used to be.A.what B.how C.that D.which
5.____ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A.There, that B.It, that C.There, whether D.It, whether 6.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.what D.where
7.The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _____ up to be during the past few years.A.had his daughter grown B.would his daughter grow
C.his daughter would grow D.his daughter had grown
8.Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.A.how she is getting along B.how is she getting along
C.what she is getting along D.what is she getting along 9.____surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A.That;what B.What;that C.That;that D.What;what
-11-4
同位语从句常用that 来引导，that引导的同位语从句在名词性从句的学习是非常重要的，那么，如何来掌握that引导的名词性从句呢？我认为应从以下几个方面掌握：
1. that 引导从句的“三不”。
2. that 引导各名词性从句的特点
3. that 引导名词性从句与引导定语从句的区别。
4. that 与what引导名词性的区别。
一．That 在名词性从句中，起连词的作用，在从句中不起语法功能，即不作任何成分，也不含有任何意义，引导名词性从句时，不可省略，故称：“三不”。
二．That引导名词性从句的特点
1.that引导同位语从句：
当that引导同位语从句时，that从句前常有名词，
1) The idea that England stands for Fish & Chips ,Speaker’corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is Past
2) The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.
3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering
与 that 同位的名词常有下列名词：
news ，fact, hope, idea, suggestion, promise, thought, doubt, belief, truth, request, proposal, demand etc.
2. that 引导表语从句
当that引导表语从句时，常用下列句式：
It happens that.. It appears that…. It seems that…. It turns out that….
It proves that…. The reason is that…
1) It appears that he has gone mad。他好像是疯了。
2) It proves that his promise is wrong.。 他的预言证明是错误的。
3) The reason is that he has not passed the exam. 原因是他考试没有及格。
4) It turns out that the situation is quite serious.形势结果是相当严重的。
3. that 引导主语从句。
由连词引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。
A. It + be + 形容词+that从句
适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，abvious，surprising etc。
1) It’s clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。
2) It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 很可能飓风马上就要来了。
3) It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。
*** necessary，clear，true，strange,important,wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, ashtonishing,etc.谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋ 动词原形”
4) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。
5) It is important that a student learn English well. 学生学好英语很重要。
6) It is strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了
B. It +be +名词词组+ that从句
常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.
1) It’s a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。
2) ――Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。
――it is no wonder that he looks pale. ――难怪他看起来脸色苍白。
3) It it a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。
Shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。
C. It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句
常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped,belived, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。
1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
2) It’s reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.
据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。
3) It’s said that the rocket has been sent off in the space successfully.
据说火箭已经成功地发射到宇宙中。
**过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ， ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动词形式为：should ＋ 原型。
1) It is requested that Mr.Wang (should)give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。
2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。
三．That 引导名词从句与定于从句的区别。
That 引导名词性从句时，特别是引导同位语从句时 that从句是对它前面所限制的名词所包含的内容作进一步的解释和说明，that 在从句中不作任何成分；而that 引导定语从句时，它不涉及先行词的具体内容，that 在从句中不仅起连接作用，而且还在从句中充当句子的成分。
1. We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed. 我们表达了汤面曾经表达了的希望。
（that 引导的从句是定语从句，that 可省略）
2. We expressed the that they would come to China again. 我们表达了这样的希望：欢迎他们在来中国。（that 引导的从句是同位语从句，that不能省略）
3. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many .
大不列颠有三个国家组成的事实对许多人来说还不知道。
（that 引导的是同位语从句，that只起连接作用）
4. The state that consist of three countries is developing very fast.由三个国家组成的国家发展很快。（that 引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语）
四．That 与what引导名词性从句。
That 引导名词性从句时，它在从句中只起连词的作用，而what 引导名词性从句时，不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中承担一定的成分。
1. What he wants is a book。他想要的是一本书。（what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语）
2. The result is that we won the game.众所周知，光是沿直线运行。
（that 引导表语从句，只起连接作用）
3. This is what we are looking for. 这是我们正在寻找的东西。
（what 引导表语从句，它在从句中作looking for 的宾语）
4. What excited us most was that he passed the exam. 使我们感到兴奋的是，他考试通过了。（what 引导主语从句，在从句中作主语：that引导表语从句，它在从句中不作成分）
5. The trouble is that they say doesn’t agree with what they do.问题是他们说的与他们做的不一致。（that 引导表语从句，不作成分，what 引导从句作介词with 的宾语，而且what 在宾语从句中作do 的宾语。）
Excises：
1.Information has been put forward _______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D.as
2. ____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What / because B. What/ that C. That/ what D. That/ because.
3._____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D.It.
4. He asked _____ for the violin. （MET’92）
A．did I pay how much B。I paid how much C。How much did I pay.
D．how much I paid。
5.Someone is ringing the doorbell, Go and see______( Shanghai)。
A.who is he B who he is C who is it D who it is 。
6.____ you don’t like him is none of my business. (92’Shanghai)
A．what B who C where D whether.
7.Some researchers believe _____ there is no doubt ______ a cure of for AIDS will be found.
（2005 Guangdong）
A．what/which B what/that C that/that D that/ whether
8. It’s what you do rather than what you say _____ matters. (2005 Tianjing)
A．that B what C which D this
9.A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do .
A．how B after C what D when
10. I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter ______ it was ?
一、同位语从句的引导词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
1.由that引导
We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。
The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。
I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.我得出结论这样做是不明智的。
The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。
He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：
They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。
They expressed the wish that she accept the award.他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。
I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2.由whether引导
There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。
Answer my question whether you are coming.你回答我的问题：你来不来。
The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
3.由连接代词引导
Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?
From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters.After that I went back to work in a factory.Then I had no idea what a casino was.从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。
4.由连接副词引导
I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做的问题。
He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。
You have no idea how worried I was!你不知道我多着急!
二、关于分离同位语从句
有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。如：
The story goes that he beats his wife.传说他打老婆。
The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。
The rumour spread that a new school would be built here.谣传这里要盖一所新学校。
Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town.有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。
The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village.不久命令下来，所有居民都必须撤出村子。(G31)
二、同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1．意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：
We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)2.引导词的不同
what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3.引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4.被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：
I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)
We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句)
其用法相当于名词的从句叫名词性从句。根据它在句中不同的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。如：
Where cars will be parked in the future is a question. （主语从句）
I think that watching TV too much is bad for people’s health. （宾语从句）
Wenchuan is not what it used to be after the earthquake. （表语从句）
Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas. （同位语从句）
2. 名词性从句应注意的几个问题
（1） 引导词。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：①that ②if / whether ③wh-疑问词。引导词必须位于名词性从句的最前面。
（2） 语序。名词性从句采用陈述句语序，即“主语＋谓语”。如：
I really don’t know_____I kept the secret papers.
A. where was it
B. it was where that
C. where it was that
D. where was it that
【解析】 C考查宾语从句。根据引导词一定要位于从句的最前面，排除B项；又因为要用陈述句语序，排除A和D项，故C项正确。
（3） 时态一致。当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种时态；当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，如果从句表述的不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如：
The man insisted that the lady_____his wallet and that she_____to the police station.
A. steal； should be taken
B. stole； be taken
C. stole； should take
D. should steal； should take
【解析】 Binsist后接宾语从句表示“坚持……，主张……应该……”（即该动作尚未发生）时，从句谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”，should可省略；insist意为“坚持说……，认为……”，表示事实时，从句谓语动词根据情况选择使用适当时态。由本句句意可知第一个that从句表示的是“坚持说……”，而主句谓语动词是一般过去时，根据时态一致原则第一空应用一般过去时，排除A和D项；第二个that从句表示“主张……”，故选B。
1. 名词性从句中that与what的区别
① When faced with life-and-death decisions，
a teacher can be expected to do is to protect students with his or her own life.
A. thatB. what
C. howD. whether
【解析】 B考查主语从句。本题主语从句中连接词作宾语，排除作状语的how和不充当句子成分的whether。that引导主语从句时在句中也不充当成分，故选择B。
② It is difficult to fill the kids’ minds with the idea_____they must love study.
A. whichB. what
C. whetherD. that
【解析】 D名词idea后的从句不缺少句子成分，由此可断定是同位语从句，故选择连接词that。
点拨名词性从句中that与what的区别是：
（1） that在名词性从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用， 也充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。
（2） that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可以省略， 但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句（及以下）中的that不可以省略。如：
She said （that） she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
2. 名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语
① Why don’t you bring_____to his attention that now students are bearing too heavy a study load？
A. itB. this
C. thatD. what
【解析】 A考查it作形式宾语的用法。“that now
students are bearing too heavy a study load”是真正的宾语。that和this不能作形式宾语。
②_____disappeared as time went on that he was afraid of climbing high mountains.
A. ItB. That
C. WhatD. Which
【解析】 A考查it作形式主语的用法。句中that引导的从句是真正的主语。
点拨在名词性从句中，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面，尤其是that引导的主语从句常用it作形式主语。
（1）动词find，feel，consider，make，believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：
I think it necessary that we drink plenty of hot water every day.
（2） 主语从句一般位于句首，但有时可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。这种用法通常用于“It’s+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句”句型中。如：
It’s reported that the president would come to visit our school.
It’s certain that he will attend the meeting.
3. 名词性从句中whether与if的区别
you go or stay at home won’t make any difference.
A. IfB. When
C. ThatD. Whether
【解析】 D考查主语从句。本句不缺任何成分，排除作状语的when；if不能引导主语从句，也排除。whether引导主语从句时只起连接作用，虽有意义，但不充当句子成分，故选D。
点拨whether与if表示“是否”时的区别：
两者都没有实际意义，在引导宾语从句时，可以互换使用；但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not时通常只能用whether，而不能用if。
4. 在某些动词后的宾语从句或这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及这些动词的名词形式引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用“（should）+动词原形”。常见的此类动词有：insist，order，command，suggest，advise，demand，require，request等。
I advised that he_____to the hospital at once， but he insisted that he_____quite well then.
A. be sent； was feeling
B. was sent； felt
C. be sent； feel
D. should be sent； should feel
【解析】 Aadvise后接的宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”；insist在句中意为“坚持说……”，其后的宾语从句根据时态一致原则采用一般过去时。
5. whoever，whichever，whatever引导名词性从句与引导让步状从句的区别
Word comes_____free books will be given to_____come first in this book fair.
A. which； no matter who
B. that； anyone who
C. which； whoever
D. that； whoever
【解析】 D“Word comes that ...”意为“消息传来说……”，that引导的同位语从句中含有一个介词后的宾语从句。whoever引导宾语从句，在此相当于“those who ...”，但不能替换为no matter who。
点拨whoever，whichever，whatever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。引导名词性从句时，不可由no matter who，no matter which，no matter what替换，因为后者只能引导让步主语从句。值得注意的是whoever引导名词性从句时，通常相当于anyone who或those who；whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。
难点一： 连接词多，难以确定
多数名词性从句的连接词都有其特定意思，且在从句中充当句子成分。请参看下表：
注意：that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，其本身没有实际意义，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，引导宾语从句时可以省略。
点拨解题时应先分析名词性从句意义是否完整，确定应使用有意义的连接词还是无意义的连接词，然后再根据从句所缺成分及连接词的意义确定连接词。
① The media today can draw public attention to
help is actually needed.
A. thatB. which
C. whereD. whose
【解析】 C考查介词后的宾语从句。分析宾语从句句子成分可知，从句是主系表结构，缺少地点状语，故选C。
②All the books I have are here. You may borrow_____you like.
A. whateverB. whichever
C. wheneverD. however
【解析】 B考查宾语从句。从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词，排除作状语的C和D项。whatever意为“任何……的事物”，不符合题意，也可排除。选择B。
难点二： what考题结构复杂，语义抽象
I lived in_____you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.
A. whatB. which
C. thatD. where
【解析】 Ain后的宾语从句中缺少call的宾语，应用连接代词，排除作地点状语的where；that在宾语从句中不充当句子成分，也不合题意；而which语义不符。
点拨what引导的名词性从句是常考易错点。what除表达具体明确的“所……的东西/事”外， 还可以表示“……的时间/地点/人/速度”等抽象意义， 难度较大。注意解题时不能仅根据汉语意思选择连接词。
难点三： 同位语从句和定语从句的区分
Information has been put forward_____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. whileB. that
C. whenD. which
【解析】 B从句不缺少句子成分，是同位语从句，故选择that作连接词。
点拨同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的连词均不在从句中充当成分；定语从句对名词加以限制，是名词内容的修饰性定语，且定语从句的关系词在从句中必定充当句子成分。解题时应先分析从句和先行词之间是同位关系还是修饰关系：如果为同位关系则属于同位语从句，如果为修饰关系则是定语从句。
难点四：名词性从句中的插入成分
When you are reading， make a note of_____ you think is of great importance.
A. whichB. that
C. whatD. when
【解析】 C考查名词性从句。介词of后的宾语从句中you think是插入语，从句中缺少主语，故排除D项。which语义不符，而that在从句中不充当句子成分，故选择C项。
点拨有插入语的情况多出现在宾语从句中，常见的插入语有：he thought， you think， I think / suppose / believe等。遇到这种情况时，删除插入语会更容易选出正确答案。
【自我检测】
1. Thanks to the application of new farming methods， the output is now six times_____it was before 2000.
A. thatB. what
C. whichD. how
2. Kevin consulted his teacher about_____he should study abroad after graduation..
A. whetherB. where
C. whenD. that
3. The news came， as expected，_____my cousin was chosen to be a foreign aid doctor to go to Africa where people are suffering a lot from AIDS.
A. itB. that
C. whatD. which
4._____ annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
A. HowB. Why
C. WhatD. Which
5. After five hours’ drive， they reached_____they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
A. whatB. where
C. thatD. which
答案与解析
1. B 考查表语从句。从句中缺少表语，应用连接代词，排除D项；that在表语从句中不充当句子成分，也不符合；which语义不符，故选择B项。
2. A 考查介词后的宾语从句。分析可知从句不缺少句子成分，排除作状语的B和C项；that在名词性从句中不作句子成分，也没有意义，可排除。根据句意应选择whether，意为“是否”。
3. B 考查同位语从句。从句中不缺少句子成分，排除what和which；而it不能引导名词性从句。本题为平衡句子结构而将同位语从句后置。
4. C 考查主语从句。“annoyed him most”中缺少主语，应用连接代词，排除作状语的A和B项；which语义与句意不符，故选择C项what，表示“所……的事情”。
（一）1．____he does has nothing to do with me.A.whateverB.No matter whatC.ThatD.If
2.The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A.did the quarrel came aboutB.the quarrel had come about
C.had the quarrel come aboutD.had the quarrel come about
3.Energy is ____makes thing work..A.what B.something C.anythingD.that
4.Information has been putforward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as
5.This is ___the shenzhou V Spaceship landed.A.thereB.in whichC.whereD.when
6.They have no idea at all____.A.where he has goneB.where did he go
C.which place has he goneD.where has he gone
7.The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.A.thatB.whichC.of whichD.of that
8.The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.A.that;had to leaveB.that;should leave
C./;must leaveD.when;should leave
9.___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether
10.The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if
11.Is _____he said really true?
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether
12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where
13.It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for
14.???_____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If
15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If
16.____you don’t like him is none of my business.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How
17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what
18.____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.A.WhatB.ItC.All thatD.That
19.It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped
20.____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
Keys:
1—5 ABABC6—10 AABAC11—15 BBCAB16—20 BCBAA
高一英语名词性从句专项练习
（二）21.____he always serves the people very well is known.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____has passed the test will get a prize.A.WhoeverB.No mater whoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____ true that the famous scientist will give us a lecture next week?
A thatB itC hisD he
24.It has not been decided ___ they will leave for New York.A.whenB whyC thatD what
25.Obviously___ we do morning exercises every day ___ us good.A.that doB.if;doC what;doesD.that;doseIt is said____ ____ was all ___ he said.A that;that;thatB what;what;whatC that;which;whatD that;that;which
27___ gets home first is to cook the supper.A.WhoB WhomC.Those whoD.Whoever
28___ moved us most was___ he liked after the old man for more than twenty years.A.That;thatB.What;thatC What;whatD.That;what
29.___ you did it is not known to all.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___ you do should be well done.A HowB.ThatC.WhateverD Why
31.The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A.becauseB.thatC.thanks toD.what
32.What time do you think__?
A.will Tom come backB.Tom will come back
C.is Tom coming backD.can Tom get here
33.The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.A.Has traveledB.traveledC.had traveledD.travels
34..___ is still a question___ will win.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.If you know___ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.In some countries,___ are called “public schools” are not owned
by the state.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___ you know___ in fact you don’t is a terrible mistake.A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.what that
38.Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just___ worries the public.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Why don’t you bring___ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___ David says sounds right to Helen.That’s why she has made up her mind to leave with him___ happens.A.whatever;whateverB.No matter what;whatever
21.____he always serves the people very well is known.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____has passed the test will get a prize.A.WhoeverB.No mater whoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____ true that the famous scientist will give us a lecture next week?
A thatB itC hisD he
24.It has not been decided ___ they will leave for New York.A.whenB whyC thatD what
25.Obviously___ we do morning exercises every day ___ us good.A.that doB.if;doC what;doesD.that;doseIt is said____ ____ was all ___ he said.A that;that;thatB what;what;whatC that;which;whatD that;that;which
27___ gets home first is to cook the supper.A.WhoB WhomC.Those whoD.Whoever
28___ moved us most was___ he liked after the old man for more than twenty years.A.That;thatB.What;thatC What;whatD.That;what
29.___ you did it is not known to all.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___ you do should be well done.A HowB.ThatC.WhateverD Why
31.The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A.becauseB.thatC.thanks toD.what
32.What time do you think__?
A.will Tom come backB.Tom will come back
C.is Tom coming backD.can Tom get here
33.The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.A.Has traveledB.traveledC.had traveledD.travels
34..___ is still a question___ will win.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.If you know___ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.In some countries,___ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___ you know___ in fact you don’t is a terrible mistake.A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.what that
38.Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just___ worries the public.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Why don’t you bring___ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___ David says sounds right to Helen.That’s why she has made up her mind to leave with him___ happens.A.whatever;whateverB.No matter what;whatever
C.No matter what;No matter whatD.Whatever;however
Keys:
一、教学目标:
1掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词
2掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+引导词+主语+谓语
3掌握宾语从句主句与从句在时态上的呼应
二、反思要点:宾语从句是中考的主要考点,如果带着学生通过讲解的方式来学习效果不会很好。本课的知识点已经讲授过重复讲解学生会原有的方式去思考。
三、我的策略,设计成小组合作活动课,目的是让学生在练习和总结中自己去体验。我认为教会他学习的能力比教授知识更重要,在复习的条件下同伴帮助比老师教更重要。使复习课课堂不再沉闷.焕发出生命的力量,让学生成为课堂的主人。
四、反思活动过程
过程1,通过日常的对话营造愉悦的学习环境吸引学生注意。我的几个问题都比较简单也符合当天上课学生的状态,所以学生马上进入我所预定的学习环节。
过程2,让学生通过小组讨论,根据课本所出现的单元复习已有的知识宾语从句。学生都能在课本上找出宾语从句的句式较好地回忆了所学的知识。我想通过这个环节来唤醒学生原有的宾语从句知识,但是似乎没有太多的促进作用,如果直接告诉学生今天的上课主题是巩固和复习宾语从句并且依托课本展开讨论学生更容易回忆。
过程3,想让学生在我所设计的宾语从句的几个任务中体验并归纳宾语从句的用法通过生生的互动来促进组内学生的掌握程度。是比较好的,但是再好的设计现场实施就不一样了。预计学生10分钟的时间完成5个任务,结果过高估计学生的能力,任务太多,同时我在课堂调控上没有把握好度,让学生发挥得过多第三环节时间拖得太长使得后面的点睛之处中考考点扫描和中考直击的时间不得不缩短。课后也思考了这个环节的问题,因为在课堂上发现学生有学习的问题是应该停下来讨论还是继续原有的教学设计。这个也可以成为今后教学思考的问题。80%的学生能基本完成宾语从句的复习内容,但是20%学生还处于一知半解的状态,对宾语从句的连接词还不能完全了解。在设计的任务中能够很好地帮助这些,学生理解和掌握连接词的用法。在学生的讨论中20%的学生有,80%的学生能够在练习中体现对这一部分的理解。在宾语从句中对一般疑问句的变法,人称的变化,时态的变化也是学生的学习的难点。如这个句子
“Can you tell me something about your hometown?”Lily asked Wangle.学生的变化1: Lily asked Wangle you can tell me something about your hometown.学生的变化2: Lily asked Wangle if he can tell her something about his hometown.正确的答案Lily asked Wangle if/ whether he could tell her something about his hometown.过程4,本环节想通过中考试题的点拨来让学生来了解中考宾语从句的考试方向,使学生对宾语从句的掌握更具有方向性。由于在过程3的时间过多没有能在本节课中体现这一设计只好放在下一节课和学生一起了解和掌握。设计的课堂总结和测试也因时间没有能较好地体现降低了这节课的有效性。
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