名词性从句的定义精

名词性从句的定义精（精选6篇）

名词性从句的定义精 篇1

1.Everything he said seemed quite reasonable.2.She made a list of all the articles there are on the subject.3.There is no difficulty we can’t overcome.4.Begin is really a devious sort of guy who will do these things.5.Last week I saw Modern Times with Charlie Chaplin playing the leading role, which I think

one of the most amusing films.6.Westminster Abbey, which is one of the oldest churches in Great Britain, contains the graves

of many famous Englishmen.7.Our teacher, who is getting old, will soon retire.8.My uncle, who will be seventy tomorrow, is still a keen sportsman.9.Envoys were sent who could strengthen our international position.10.Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade

agreements with the respective governments.第三节 名词从句的译法

1.What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.2.Whatever I have is at your service.3.Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.4.Isn’t it strange that he should have left without telling us?

5.It is a consolation that she is still alive.6.That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.7.Everybody knows that matter takes up space.8.I promised him that I would give him more help.9.He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.10.That is why we called off the meeting.11.The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.12.I have no idea when he will return.第五节 状语从句的译法

1.She sobbed as she told us her miserable past.2.“Why did you ask me to come in the middle of the battle?” Mr.Bethune asked General Nieh

as soon as he entered.3.As the weather was fine, I opened all the windows.4.Now that everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion.5.What if anything happened to me?

6.We’ll come over to see you on Wednesday if we have time.7.But Prometheus also knew, powerful as Zeus was, once a god had given a gift, it could not be

名词性从句的定义精 篇2

1.1 有关定语从句的基本概念

(1) 定语从句:就是在复合句里充当定语的从句, 它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。它是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句, 其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分, 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性从句两种。

(2) 先行词:就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

(3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

1.2 有关名词性从句的基本概念

(1) 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句, 包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

(2) 主语从句就是在复合句中做主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。

(3) 表语从句就是在系幼词之后作表语的句子。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接除词相同外, 还有as if, as though。

(4) 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。

(5) 同位语从句就是在句中作同位语的从句。它通常放在though, idea, news, word (=news) , plan, doubt, question, face, suggestion, belief等抽象名词的后面, 说明这些词的具体内容或含义。

2 定语从句与名词性从句的用法

2.1 定语从句的用法

要想掌握定语从句, 首先必须掌握定语从句中关系词的使用。定语从句中的关系词分为两大类, 即关系代词和关系副词。首先我们看一下关系代词在定语从句中的应用, 关系代词分为指人和指物两大种。指人的关系代词有以下几个, 即:who, whose, whom, that, but等, 它们引导的定语从句先行词须是人。Who在定语从句中做主语。例如:Those who play in the river are students.Whose在定语从句中作定语, 后接名词。例如:This is the girl whose mother is an excellent teacher.而whom在定语从句中作宾语。例如:He is a man (whom) you can see everyday.关系代词that在限制性定语从句中既可以做主语也可以作宾语和表语。谈到关系代词but, 则比较特殊而且用起来有所限制。它的特殊之处在用它通常用在there be句型的否定句中, 它通常在句中做主语。例如:There is not one of us but wishes to help you.There are few of us but admire your determination.指物的关系代词有that, which和as, 它们引导的定语从句的先行词必须是物。That, which和as在定语从句中做主语、宾语和表语, 但是that只能引导限制性定语从句, 而which可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句, as只能引导非限制定语从句。例如:The park which/that.there are many flowers lies there. (which/that引导限制性定语从句) ;The park, which there are many flowers, lies there (which引导非限制定语从句) 。He is a kind man as we all know.就关系副词when, where, why的用法, 总结如下:关系副词when的使用必须具备两个条件: (1) 先行词必须是时间名词; (2) 必须在定语从句中作时间状语。否则, 我们就必须用关系代词that或which。例如:I will never forget the days when we stayed in Chengdu.I will never forget the days that/which we stayed at Chengdu four yearsago。如果先行词是地点名词, 而且在句中作地点状语, 我们应用关系副词where。否则, 我们应用关系代词that或which。例如:Heremembers the place where they met for the first time.This is the place which/that they were born in.那么先行词是the reason, 而且在定语从句中原因状语, 我们应用关系副词why。否则就用关系代词that或which。如:This is the reason why he helped us.This is the reason that/which is very important.关系副词when和where有时可用“介词+which”代替, why可用for which代替。

2.2 名词性从句的用法

名词性从句包括主语、宾语、同位语以及表语从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, that, which, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等引导。但有时为了避免头重脚轻, 使句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将主语从句后置 (注:由连接词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。) 引导表语从句的连接词除与引导主语从句的连接词外, 还有as if, as though。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。掌握名词性从句同样也需首先掌握先行词。引导名词性从句的连接词分为三部分, 即连接代词、连接副词、以及连词。连接代词有what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose。连接副词有why, when, where, how等。连词有that, whether, if。连接代词中最主要要掌握what, whatever和which, whichever的用法。What, whatever在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语, 例如:She is no longer what she used to be.而which, whichever在句中常作定语。例如:Please let me know which book I should need first.而其它的连接代词在句中的成分和定语从句的用法是一样的。关系副词why, when, where, how分别在句中作原因时间、地点、方式状语。连词that在句中不做成分, 但除在宾语从句中外一般不能省掉。whether可引导任何一种名词性从句, 但if却只能引导动词后的宾语从句。从以上的叙述中, 我们可以看到定语从句和名词性从句的主要区别就在what, that, how, whether, if这几个词中。定语从句中不会用到what, how, whether, if这几个词。而that虽然在定语从句中做成分, 但在名词性从句中不做成分只起连接作用。

3 定语从句与名词性从句的不同点和相似性

1) 定语从句在主句中作定语, 简单地说就是主句完整, 定语从句在主句用来修饰名词或名词性的成分。比如:The book that we lent is good.其中that we lent是定语, 修饰先行词“the book”去掉以后留下主干The book is good依然正确。而that是该定语从句的引导词, 在定语从句中做宾语。就是只看从句成分的话就相当于we lent the book.因为从句中和主句中都出现了“the book”, 所以应用that代替the book避免重复。而名词性从句则必须要在从句中担当一个名词性的成分, 比如在主谓宾 (A是B) 句型中, 你可以用从句来当主语或宾语 (A或B) 。在主系表 (A是咋样的) 中当主语或表语 (A和“咋样的”) , 或者作同位语, 同位语就相当于给一个名词作解释。和定语从句不同, 名词性从句除了同位语从句要在主句中做成分。比如:what I said is right在主系表结构中做主语, 如果省掉句子就变成is right这显然是错误what I said中, what是said的宾语, 相当于I said right这一点和定语从句很像。实际上, 这里的what相当于一个先行词+定语从句。比如例句可以写成: (The word that I said) is right。主语是The word is right加入成分是what I said这当然相当别扭, 所以一般写成It is right that I said. (因为这种情况下主语和表语是相同的) 。1、名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句四种。其在句子中的作用相当于一个名词, 分别做主语、宾语、同位语和表语。它们都是一个完整的句子, 都可由that引导, 且句子都用陈述语序。如:A.That she is an English teacher is known to all in our school.That she is an English teacher是由that引导的主语从句, 在句子中做主语) B.The woman that you saw is my mother. (that you saw是由that引导的定语从句, 其作用是修饰the woman的) 。

2) 名词性从句中有种特殊的叫同位语从句和定语从句很相像。如The news that he told me is... (定语) ;The news that he is our headmaster is... (同位语) 。从字面上看, 所谓同位, 就是同一位置, 表示它们说的是同一个内容。The news that he told me is...中that从句中的...只是解释说明news, 实际上是和he told me the news混在一起了而the news that he is our headmaster is...中that从句中的...是news的同位语, 一看就知that从句说的东西是news的内容。判断是否为同位语从句方法很简单, 把先行词当主语, 把从句当表语看句子的逻辑结构是不是对的, 比如上述同位语例子可以写成The news is that he is our headmaster这个句子就没有逻辑错误, 但上述定语从句例子如果写成The news is that he told me译为“这个消息是他告诉我”, 就没有逻辑了。

4 关系词和连接词

1) 定语从句中的that和which比较 (表1)

2) 名词性从句中的that和what

(1) 不省略

(1) 当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时, that不可省。

(2) 在主+谓+it (形宾) +宾补+that从句 (真宾语) 的句型中, that不可省。

(3) 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 第二个宾语从句前的that不可省。

(2) 不做成分:that在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。

(3) 在引导名词性定语从句时, what在句中不可省略。这一点用法与that不尽相同。一个有词义:what引导名词性从句时, 有词义。一般是…的东西/事情/话等”。一个做成分:what在引导名词性从句时, 在句中充当成分。

5 结语

定语从句和名词性从句是语法学习中及其重要的知识点, 同时也是大多数人难以攻克的难点。正确掌握和使用定语从句和名词性从句能为学生学好英语搭起一座畅通无阻的天桥。

参考文献

[1]陈琳.英语语法[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2003.

名词性从句 同位语从句用法详解 篇3

一、同位语从句的引导词

引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。

1.由that引导

We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。

I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：

They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.他们面对废除这个税的要求。

They expressed the wish that she accept the award.他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。

I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。

【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2.由whether引导

There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。

Answer my question whether you are coming.你回答我的问题：你来不来。

The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。

We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。

【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3.由连接代词引导

Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters.After that I went back to work in a factory.Then I had no idea what a casino was.从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。

4.由连接副词引导

I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做的问题。

He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。

You have no idea how worried I was!你不知道我多着急!

二、关于分离同位语从句

有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。如：

The story goes that he beats his wife.传说他打老婆。

The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。

The rumour spread that a new school would be built here.谣传这里要盖一所新学校。

Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town.有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。

The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village.不久命令下来，所有居民都必须撤出村子。(G31)

二、同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1．意义的不同

同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：

We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)

We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)2.引导词的不同

what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。

3.引导词的功能上的不同

that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。

4.被修饰词语的区别

同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：

I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)

I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)

We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句)

名词性从句讲解和区分 篇4

例1 (·全国卷Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.

解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，所以将that改为where。

例2 (·全国卷Ⅱ) As natural architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。

点拨 若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用关系代词;若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分，则使用关系副词(when/where/why/how)。

[if和whether的误用]

例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends.

解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句，只能用whether来引导，故而将if改为whether。

例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not.

解析 考查主语从句。句意：你来还是不来，这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。

点拨 在表达“是否”这一意思时，我们经常会用到whether和if，但以下几种情况只用whether不用if：

1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中;

2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如：It all depends on whether they will support us.

3. 在不定式之前。如：He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.

4. 从句中有or not时。如：He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.

[what和that的误用]

例5 (2016·上海卷) Eventually， I decided to follow her and 26 happened truly amazed me.

解析 what。句意：发生的事情真的让我很惊讶。设空处无提示词，分析从句的结构可知，从句中缺少主语，且指代的是物，可判断答案为what。本句中连接代词what引导主语从句且在从句中做主语。

例6 He was interested in that he had seen at the exhibition.

解析 that→what。介词in后的宾语从句中缺少宾语，应用what。

点拨 要正确填入引导词，关键在于分析句子结构，判断引导词在从句中所作的成分。引导从句时，that不作任何句子成分，只起连接作用;what可作主语、宾语、表语、定语，既充当从句的一个成分，又引导一个从句，意为“什么”“……的人”“……的地方”“……的样子”。

[wh-ever的误用]

例7 (2016·北京卷)Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.

A. However B. Whoever

C. Whatever D. Wherever

解析 C。考查主语从句。本题中，helps是谓语，you can do属于主语的一部分。在主语从句中，do的后面缺少宾语，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语，该句意思是：你能做的任何事都有帮助。

点拨 关系代词whoever， whatever， whichever引导名词性从句时，相当于anyone who，anything that等;引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter who/what/which。

注意 1. wh-和wh-ever的区别：wh-有疑问的意思;wh-ever有强调的意思。如：

Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.

Whoever/Anyone who comes here is welcomed.

2. wh-ever在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换。如：

Whatever happened， he would not mind.

= No matter what happened， he would not mind.

[代词it的误用]

例8 This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the world”.

As is known to all my classmates that I can speak English as if I were a native speaker.

解析 This→It;As→It。两个句子均是主语从句，应该用it作形式主语。

点拨 代词it作形式主语，将主语从句放到句尾，引导词则根据从句所缺的成分来确定。出题人一般会利用同学们对该结构掌握不牢而针对形式主语it设题。

例9 (2015·浙江卷) How would you like ， if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

A. them B. one

C. those D. it

解析 D。if引导的宾语从句是本句真正的宾语，而空格处是形式宾语，只有it可充当形式宾语。

点拨 有些动词或短语，如like， hate， dislike， appreciate， owe， depend on， see to，接宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it做形式宾语。例如：

I don’t like it when you look at me like that.

[与其他从句的混淆]

不少同学经常将名词性从句与其他从句，尤其是与定语从句和强调句搞混。

1. 与定语从句的区别

例10 (2015·天津卷) The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.

解析 where。句意为“这家公司的老板正尽力为员工创设一种让他们能尽情享受工作的氛围”。设空处引导的定语从句修饰先行词atmosphere，该从句缺地点状语，故填关系副词where，相当于in which。

点拨 定语从句与名词性从句的区别：定语从句前必须有先行词，先行词通常为名词或代词;名词性从句除同位语从句外，前面均无名词或代词。

2. 与强调句的区别

例11 (2015·湖北卷) It was in the lake that they found the long last sword of the Ming Dynasty.

解析 本句为强调句式，强调了地点状语in the lake，意思是“正是在那个湖里……”。that与前面的It was共同构成强调句式。

例12 (2016·江苏卷) It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

A. why B. what

C. as D. that

解析 考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是D。that引导的主语从句，that在本句中不充当成分。句意：通常对那些心存希望的人来说，一切都是可能发生的。

名词性从句重难点剖析 篇5

12、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则必须用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置，并且that不能省略。

例 He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他清楚地表明他不会屈服。

13、doubt用于肯定结构时，后面用whether/ if引导名词性从句；用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用that引导名词性从句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接that引导的名词性从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/ if引导的`名词性从句。

例 We doubt whether/ if he can win the game.我们怀疑他是否能赢得这场比赛。

14、连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that等。他们也可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter who/ what/ which。

例 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都要受到惩罚。

二、高考链接

1. It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海)

A. that B. when

C. what D. how

2. --- I think it’s going to be a big problem.

--- Yes, it could be.

--- I wonder ___ we do about it.(2002上海春)

A. if B. how

C. what D. that

3. You should make it a rule to leave things ___ you can find them often. (1999NMET)

A. when B. where

名词性从句语法陷阱题例析 篇6

A. thatB. whatC. that thatD. what what

【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D,认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中,选项A肯定不行,因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分,所以便错选了B。

【分析】最佳答案选D。第一个what用作动词meant的宾语,第二个what用作动词said的宾语,即在none of us understood what what he said meant中,none of us understood为主句,what what he said meant为宾语从句,而在此宾语从句中又包括有what he said这样一个主语从句。

2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.

A.which B.how C.what D.having

【陷阱】可能误选A。因为认为介词后应接关系代词which。

【分析】最佳答案选C。实际上,若填关系代词,其前没有先行词,这不是一个定语从句。另外,由于had happened缺主语,所以B和D也不能选。请再看下面一题(答案选B):

He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said,“Ghost.”

A.that B.what C.which D.as

3.“Is______you want to say?”asked the teacher.

A.this B.that C.all that D.that all

【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。

【分析】最佳答案选D。假若选A或B,那么转换成陈述句即为:“This is you want to say. / That is you want to say.”显然句中的两个谓语动词is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是“Is that all you want to say?”其中的that为句子主语,all为表语,you want to say为定语从句,用以修饰all。

4. —When ______ leave for Japan? —When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.

A. they will; will theyB. will they; they will

C.they will;they will D.will they;will they

【陷阱】可能误选D,认为when后应用疑问句语序。

【分析】最佳答案选B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句,故用疑问句语序;第二个when引出的是主语从句,故其后用陈述句语序。请再看下面两题(答案均为C):

None knows if_______that boy,but if_______him,her parents will be disappointed.

A.she will marry;she will marry B.she marries;she marries

C.she will marry;she marries D.she marries;she will marry

—Where_______go to work?—Where_______go to work is not known.

A.we shall;we shall B.shall we;shall we C.shall we;we shall D.we shall;shall we

5.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see______.

A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案选D。首先可以排除A和C,因为空格处实为一个宾语从句,所以不能用疑问句语序。另一方面,按英语习惯,当用于指代身份不明的人时,要用代词it,而不用he或she等。比较以下两句:

Mr.Smith is at the door.He wants to see you.史密斯先生在门口,他想见你。

Someone is at the door.It may be the postman.有个人在门口,可能是邮递员。

第一句因前面指明了是Mr. Smith的身份,所以后面用代词he;而第二句因前面用的是不定代词someone,说明此人身份尚不明确,故其后用了代词it来指代。

6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?

A. whoB. whichC. thatD. what

【陷阱】此题容易误选A或B:选A的同学认为这是指人的,故用who;选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句。两者都将其误认为定语从句(注意没有先行词)。

【分析】最佳答案选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句,用作动词know的宾语,它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢了。请再看下面三题(答案均为C):

Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.

A.who B.which C.that D.what

I think,though I could be mistaken,______she liked me.

A.who B.which C.that D.what

He told me the news,believe it or not,______he had earned$1,000 in a single day.

A.as B.which C.that D.because

前两题that引导宾语从句,后一题that引导同位语从句(修饰the news)。

练一练

1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

A.it B.which C.that D.what

2. Patience is a kind of quality—and that is _______ it takes to do anything well.

A. whatB. whichC. that D. how

3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.

A. whatB. whichC. that D. when

4. —What were you trying to prove to the police? —______ I was last night.

A.That B.When C.Where D.What

5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.

A. thatB. whyC. where D. what

6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.

A. thatB. whenC. what D. how

7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that

8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.

A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether

9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.

A.how;how B.what;what C.when;how D.that;what

10.When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule:Always give the mon-key exactly_______he wants.

A.what B.which C.when D.that

11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.

A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever

12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

A.What B.That C.When D.Because

13.Eat______cake you like and leave the others for______comes in late.

A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever

14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.

A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.That’s because

【答案与解析】

1. 选D。what made matters worse是主语从句,相当于the thing that made matters worse。

2.选A。what引导的是表语从句,相当于the thing that it takes to do anything well。

3. 选C。that引导的是一个主语从句,句首的it为形式主语。

4.选C。答句为省略句,其完整形式为“I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night.”在此where引导的是一个宾语从句。

5. 选D。what引导的是表语从句,what在此相当于the things that。

6. 选C。句首的it是形式主语,空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中缺主语,故排除A、B、D。(注意:不能选A,因为that引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分)

7. 选A。第一空填what,是因为该主语从句中的动词understand缺宾语;why和because均可引导表语从句,其区别是:why引导表语从句强调结果,because引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果,故用why。

8. 选B。what在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语,它相当于the thing that。

9. 选B。两空均填what,均用于引导宾语从句,因为两个宾语从句中的动词said和do均缺宾语,而在各个选项中只有what可用作宾语。

10. 选A。what引导宾语从句。由于动词wants缺宾语,所以填what。句意是:当你找工作面试回答问题时,请记住这条黄金定律:永远给予对方确实想要的东西。

11. 选A。I can to save them为I can do to save them之略,此句中的do缺宾语,故选whatever。

12. 选B。that在此引导主语从句,无词义,也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文思维选D,因为because不用于引导主语从句。

13. 选C。两个空格均为引导宾语从句的引导词,而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有C。