基础口译分类词汇（通用4篇）
APEC，ASEAN，EU，EC（EEC），G8 EURO，RMB，YEN，POUND，DOLLAR UN，WHO，IMF，PLO，FBI，VOA，CIA，NSA，CCCP，DMZ，PLA，QFII，PBOC，CEPA NATO，NASA，UNESCO，OPEC，NAFTA，SAFE
associate company(subsidiary/ affiliate)联营公司（子公门的相互制约和平衡 司、附属公司）civil rights/ civil liberties 公民权利、自由 aggregate demand 总需求 commerce clause 商业条款 aggregate supply 总供给 common law习惯法 advanced technology 先进技术 comparative advantage 相对优势 active balance(passive balance/ unfavorable balance)顺差competition 竞争（逆差）confederation 联邦 acquire 购置、获取、购买、取得所有权 contract 合同 acquisition of assets 购置资产 cost 成本
absolute advantage 绝对优势（一国或一国的一部分由于dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/ 经纪人 拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因 depreciation/ appreciation 贬值/ 增殖
而能较廉价地生产某一产deflation/ inflation 通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀
品，因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势）designer clothining/ jeans/ sneakers 名牌服装/ 牛仔裤/ authorization bill 授权书 运动鞋 asset 资产 demand 需求 Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛 strong demand 需求强劲 bottom line 帐本底线、底线 weak demand 需求疲软 banking 银行业
insufficient demand 需求不足 black market 黑市 effective demand 有效需求 budget 预算 demand curve 需求曲线 budget deficit 预算赤字 democracy 民主 budget surplus 预算盈余 depression 萧条，经济不景气的异端时期，其特征是商bureaucracy 官僚作风，官僚机构 业活动减少、价格下降、失业 business cycle 商业周期 discount rate 贴现率 business mechanism 创业机制 discount market 贴现市场 business prototype 商业原型、商业模型 double/ triple/ quadruple 两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）brand loyalty 对某个牌子的忠诚度 economic growth 经济增长 business fraud(accounting fraud)商业欺诈（做假帐）economics 经济学
bull/bear market 牛市/熊市 economical 节约的、经济的 cutting edge(have an edge on)优势（比….有优势）efficiency 效率，功效 cash bonuses 现金奖励 elasticity 弹性、可塑性、灵活度 commercial 商业广告 elite 精英 commodity 商品 entrepreneur,entrepreneurship 企业家，企业 convertible currency 可兑换的货币 equities [英] [pl.]（无固定利息的）股票，证券 corporate/ entrepreneurial culture 企业文化 electronic dealing 电子交易 capital 资本,资金,资产 employment 就业
checks and balances 政府机关彼此之间 公司内部各部employment rate 就业率 employment insurance（EI，旧称UI—unemployment mechanism 机制 insurance）失业保险 merger 合并 interest rate(s)利率 monopoly 垄断 infrastructure基础设施 macroeconomics 宏观经济学 inflation 通货膨胀 merit 价值 fiscal year 财政 microeconomics 微观经济学 foreign-invested venture 外资企业 monetary policy 货币政策 foreign-capital enterprise 外资企业 mortgage 按揭 fund/ capital/ venture capital 资金，资本/ 风险资金 make ends meet 收支平衡 federal reserve system（美国）联邦备银行制度 national debt 国债 federation 联邦 oligarchy 寡头政治，寡头政治的执政团 fiscal policy 财政政策，财务方针 opportunity cost 机会成本 free trade 自由贸易 optimize(maximize/ minimize)优化/ 最大化/ 最小化 future market 期货市场 paragon 模范 go public 上市 patent 专利 go under 倒闭 political economy 政治经济 gross domestic product(GDP)国内生产总值 pork-barrel legislation 猪肉桶立法，又称“分肥立法、gross national product(GNP)国民生产总值 分肥拨款
pork-barrel hedge(against)保护或防御手段，尤指防止经济损失
appropriationsa hedge against inflation 防止通货膨胀的措施
hands-off management 疏松管理 ”
high return 高收益，高回报 指立法机关为讨好选民而促使政human captital 人力资本，技能资本 府向议员所属地方选区拨发的经费。hyperinflation 恶性通货膨胀 private enterprise 私营企业 investment fever 投资热 productivity 生产力 investment policy 投资政策 product 产品 investment destination 投资地点 produce 农产品 infrastructure 基础设施 promotion 促销 immediate yield 直接回报 price 价格 ideology 意识形态 place 地点
4P=product, price and promotion incentive 动力
interest group 利益集团（指因共同利益而结合在一起的profit 利润 一批人）profitable 有利可图的 joint venture 合资企业 propaganda（贬义）宣传 labor 劳动力 protectionism（贸易）保护主义 law of demand 需求定律 performance 业绩 law of supply 供给定律 public sector 公共部门 legitimacy 合理性、合法性 private sector 私营部门 limited liability corporation 有限公司 potential market潜在市场 listed companies 上市公司 plunge/ dip/ down猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌 liquidity 变现能力 recession（价格）衰退，不景气 market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查 referendum 公投 market share 市场占有率 rent 租金 market economy 市场经济 resources 资源 managerial expertise 管理知识 savings 储蓄 mass production 批量生产 scarcity 缺乏 separation of powers 权利分离 subsidy 津贴 supply 供给
supply side economics 供方经济学 start/ build…from scratch 从零开始 soar/ surge/ climb（价格）上涨
strategic planning 战略部署，战略计划 stock/ bond/ securities 股票/ 债券/ 证券 stock option(share option)股票期权 stock index 股指 streamline 精减
sales volume 销售额
strong(dollar/ currency/ yen/ RMB…)（货币）坚挺 tariff 关税 tax税
taxation 税收
tax relief 税收减除 tax holiday 免税期 tax policy 税收政策 title 所有权
trade deficit(surplus)贸易逆差/ 顺差
trade volume 贸易额 trgime 政权、机制
rally 反弹，股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升 restructure 改组、重组
top-down management 自上而下的管理模式 trade bloc 贸易集团（如：欧盟）trade balance 贸易平衡 trade sanction 贸易制裁 turnover 销售额
Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所 Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所 New York SE 纽约证券交易所 London SE 伦敦证券交易所 transaction 交易
upstart(new rich)爆发户
unemployment rate 失业率 utility 设施 veto 否决
benture capital 风险资金
work force 职工总数、劳动力 welfare state 福利国家
2）政治类
―Agriculture,Countryside and Farmer‖ issues 三农问题 ―bringing in‖ and ―going out‖ “引进来”和“走出去”政策
―eight do’s‖and ―eight don’ts‖ 八个坚持、八个反对 Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则
Four modernizations 四个现代化（农，工，国防，科技）
―one china,one Taiwana‖ 一中一台 ―one country, two system‖ 一国两制 ―south-south cooperation‖ 南南合作 ―Taiwan independence‖ 台湾独立 ―two Chinas‖ 两个中国
―Three Represents‖ 三个代表
three direct links(mail,air and shipping services and trade)（两岸）直接三通
the eight-point proposal 八项主张
the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则
the fourth plenary session 四中全会
the ninth five-year plan(1996-2000)“九五”计划 the tenth five-year plan(2001-2005)“十五”计划
the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会
the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务
the three Sion-Us joint communiques 《中美三个联合公报》
three favorables 三个有利于 16th party congress 十六大 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞 a well-off standard 小康水平a well-off society 小康社会
advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发
advance with the times 与时代发展同步伐
at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度 attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋 blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新
build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会
building a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面建设小康社会
build a clean and honest government 廉政建设
build a conservation-minded society 建设（资源）节约型社会
china’s cross-century development 我国的跨世纪发展 china’s international standing 我国的国际地位 china’s overall national strength 我国综合国力
citizens’participation in political affairs 公民政治参与 civic duty 公民职责
civil rights/civil liberties 公民权力，自由 civil servants 公务员
creativity,cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力，凝聚力和战斗力
cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判 cross-straits relations 两岸关系
crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头 democratic decision-making 民主决策 democratic elections 民主选举 democratic management 民主管理 Democratic Progressive Party 民进党 democratic supervision 民主监督 Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论
deputy to the National People’s Congress 全国人大代表 extensive and profound 博大精深 extravagance and waste 铺张浪费 falsification 弄虚作假 family planning 计划生育 federations of industry 工商联
fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏
fight against Taiwan Independence 反对台独 good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好 government functions 政府职能 government institutions 政府机构 government intervention 政府干预 government organs 政府机构
(have)a good government and a united people 政通人和 historic breakthrough 历史性突破
hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜 honesty 诚实守信
honesty ang high efficiency 廉洁高效
Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港，澳门特别行政区
ideological and moral education 思想道德建设 intellectuals 知识分子
intensify functions 强化功能
international organizations 国际性组织 international situation 国际形式 iron out difference 化解歧见
keep pace with the times 与时俱进 kingpin 支撑
long-term peace and order 长治久安
long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结
Macao 澳门
Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想 Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义 mass organizations 人民团结 masters of the country 当家作主
material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要
material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明 media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作 moral kingpin 精神支撑
morality,intellgence,physique and art 德智体美
national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国
national reunification 祖国统一
national spirit 民族精神
negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判 neighborhood committee 居委会 NPC member 人大代表
our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞
our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR 香港特别行政区同胞
our compatriots in the Macao SAR澳门特别行政区同胞 patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士 patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士 patriotic united front 爱国统一战线 peace and development 和平与发展
peace,justice and progress 和平，正义，进步
problems facing agriculture,rural areas and farmers 农业，农民，农村问题
grain distribution system 粮食流通体制 reduce agricultural tax rate 降低农业税率
reforn of rural taxes and administrative charges 农村税费改革 repeal taxes on special agricultural products 取消农业特产税
rescind agricultural taxes in five years 五年内取消农业税
to alleviate rural poverty through development 农村扶贫开发
proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发 promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步 realm of ideology 意识形态领域 reform and opening-up 改革开放
reform,development and stability 改革发展稳定 rule(run)the country by law 依法治国 rule(run)the country by virtue 以德治国
running the party,state and army 治党治国治军 survival and development 生存和发展 sustainable development 可持续发展
system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度 the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民 the great cause of national reunification 祖国统一大业
the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴
the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们
the provincial and municipal(prefectural)governments 省，市两级地方政府
the return of Hong Kong And Macao to the motherland 香港和澳门回归祖国
the smooth transition of power平稳过渡
two conferences(NPC and CPPCC)两会（人大，政协）unified,open,competitive and orderly统一，开放，竞争，有序
unprecedented difficulties and pressure 空前巨大的困难和压力
vigilance against risks 抗风险能力
vitality,creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的生命力，创造力和凝聚力
win-win co-operation 强强联手
with a long history behind it 源远流长 world outlook 世界观
3）旅游
景点
tourist spot;tourist attraction 山水风光
scenery with mountains and rivers;landscape 名山大川
famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹
scenic spots and historical 避暑胜地
summer resort 渡假胜地
holiday resort 避暑山庄
mountain resort 蜜月渡假胜地
honeymoon resort 国家公园
national park 古建筑群
ancient architectural complex 佛教胜地
Buddhist sacred land 皇城
imperial city 御花园
imperial garden 甲骨文
inscription on bones and tortoiseshells 古玩店
antique/curio shop 手工艺品
artifact;handicrafts 国画
traditional Chinese painting 天坛
the Temple of Heaven 紫禁城
Forbidden City
故宫
the Imperial Palace
敦煌莫高窟
Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang 玉佛寺
the Jade Buddha Temple 布达拉宫
Potala Palace 洞穴/岩洞
cave;cavern 温泉
hot spring
陵墓
emperor’s mausoleum/tomb
古墓
ancient tomb 石窟
grotto 祭台
altar
楼
tower;mansion 台
terrace 亭阁
pavilion 桥
bridges 溪
streams 假山
rockeries 塔
pagoda;tower 廊
corridor 石舫
stone boat 湖心亭
mid-lake pavilion 诱人景色
inviting views 保存完好
well-preserved 文化遗产
cultural heritage/ legacy 工艺精湛
exquisite workmanship 岩溶地形
karst topography景色如画
picturesque views
上有天堂，下有苏杭
In heaven there is the paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou./ As there is the paradise in heaven, so there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。
Trips to China’s five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary and a trip to Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unnecessary.桂林山水甲天下
The scenery of Gulin has been called the finest under heaven.五岳
five great mountains
china’sfive sacred/divine mountains
天下第一奇山
the most fantastic mountain under heaven 黄山四绝
the four unique scenic features;picturesque rocks, legendary pines, the sea of clouds and hot springs.4)社会（现象/问题）
abortion 人工流产，堕胎 frequent property-related crimes 多发性侵财犯罪 abuse of power
滥用职权 juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 altruism 利他主义，利他
narcotics squad 缉毒队 an aging population 人口老龄化 organized crime 集团犯罪 anti-porn drive / campaign 扫黄运动
robbery 抢劫
asylum 庇护（一国政府对他国政府难民提供的保护sexual harassment 性骚扰 和豁免）shoplifting 在商店偷窃商品 bigamy 重婚
smuggling 走私 birth rate 人口出生率
theft 偷窃行为
burglarproof door/ antitheft door 防盗门 violent crimes 严重暴力犯罪
chain effect;domino effect 连锁反应 demography/larithmics 人口统计学
civic morality 社会公德
DINK(Double Income No Kids)丁克一族 civility and harmony 文明祥和 Discrimination 歧视
community service
社区服务 age discrimination 年龄歧视
corruption
贪污
discrimination against women 歧视妇女 court of ethics 道德法庭 Feminism 男女平等主义，女权运动 crime 犯罪
Feminist movement 女权运动
arson 纵火纵火罪
femininity 妇女特质，柔弱性，温柔 complaint center 投诉中心
gender/sexual discrimination 性别歧视 crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs 黑恶势力犯罪 job discrimination 工作歧视 drug rehabilitation center 戒毒所 male chauvinism 男权主义思想
drug trafficker 毒枭
politically correct(PC)政治性正确的 drug-related crimes 毒品犯罪 Masculinity 男性，阳刚之气 embezzlement 盗用公款
sexism 男性至上主义，歧视女性 sexual harassment 性骚扰 drug abuse 吸毒
egalitarian 主张人人平等的 n.平等主义
eliminate terrorism at root 消除恐怖主义的根源 emotion quotient(EQ)情商 family planning 计划生育 fine tradition 优秀传统 gambling 赌博
homosexual marriage 同性婚姻 sexual orientation n.性取向 gray income 灰色收入
hardened professional(criminal)惯犯
have an affair/ an ultra-marriage affair 婚外恋 home for the aged/seniors’ home
敬老院 Hope Project 希望工程
household management service 家政服务 illiteracy 文盲
income disparity 收入分化，贫富分化 infant mortality 婴儿死亡率
infiltrative,subversive and splittist activities 渗透，颠覆和分裂活动
IPR(intellectual property right)知识产权 piracy 非法翻印，盗版 bootleg 盗版
copyright law 版权法
copyright reserved;copyrighted 版权贸易 royalty 版税
author’s royalty
著者版税，作者稿酬 copyright royalty 版税版权费
fight against illegal publications 打非
underground publications 地下出版物 anti-fake label 防伪标志
law of the jungle 弱肉强食法则 lawsuit 诉讼
[glossary]
[扩展] lawyer 律师
attorney（美）律师 prosecutor 公诉人
case of public prosecution 公诉案件 win a lawsuit 胜诉
appeal to a higher court 上诉 charge 控告
drop a lawsuit 撤消控告 court of appeals 上诉法庭
barrister（在营火有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的）律师，法律顾问
solicitor（多用于英国）初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师
bar association律师协会 suspect 犯罪嫌疑人 defendant 被告
plaintiff 起诉人，原告 capital punishment 死刑 bail 保释 fine 罚款 jury 陪审团
life sentence 判处无期徒刑
notary / notarization 公证人/ 公证 local police station 派出所
Malthusian Theory of Population 马尔萨斯人口论 material/ spiritual culture 物质/ 精神文化 migrant laborer 民工
migrant rural workers 务工农民 minimum wage 最低工资 money worship 拜金主义 morality 道德
nationwide census 全国人口普查
nationwide fitness campaign 全民健身运动 negative population growth(NPG)人口负增长
neighbourhood committee/ residents’ committee 居委会 pandora’s box 潘多拉魔盒 pluralism 多元文化论
polarization of rich and poor 贫富悬殊
polarization of wealth 贫富两极化；贫富分化 popularity rate 普及率 poverty alleviation 扶贫
Poverty Relief Office 扶贫办公室 pro-choice主张人工流产为合法的 professional title 职称
protect legitimate rights and interests of women,minors 合法权益
quality of population 人口素质 racism 种族主义
acculturation 文化适应
assimilation 同化。同化作用
antiracism education 反种族主义教育 colonialism 殖民主义
ethnic cleansing 种族清理（种族灭绝）ethnic group 同种同文化之民族 ethnocentrism 民族优越感 race 人种
stereotype 成见
a period of debility
n.体能低落、衰弱期 acne n.痤疮，粉刺
active sleep
n.积极睡眠 adrenalin
n.肾上腺素 adverse effect n.反作用 aerobics n.有氧运动
AIDS(Acpuired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
genocide 有计划的灭种和屠杀i Anti-Semite 反犹份子（的）c racial discrimination 种族歧视a bias 偏见
prevoke license 吊销执照 p
sabotage 阴谋破坏，怠工，破坏e vi./ vt 破坏 single-parent family 单亲家庭
d smuggled goods 水货
social evils 社会丑恶现象保
social welfare lotteries 社会福利彩票障 social welfare 社会福利 妇food stamps 食品救济券 女 foreign aid 外援、Medicaid [美]医疗补助 未
public education 公共教育，学校教育成 social security 社会保障 年
soup kitchen（救济农民，灾民的）施舍处，流动厨房人sports lotteries 体育彩票 和surplus rural labor(laborers)残农村剩余劳动力 survival of the fittest 适者生存疾 temporary residence permit(card)人 暂住证 the only child in one’s family的 独生子女 transient population 流动人口
upgrade the ideological and ethical standards 提高思想道德素质
urban legend 都市传奇 values 价值观
vicious circle 恶性循环 virtuous circle 良性循环 views on life 人生观
villagers committee 村民委员会 way of life / life style 生活方式 welfare lotteries 福利彩票
5）健康
滋病（获得性棉衣缺陷综合症）allergy
n.过敏
Alzheimer’s disease
n.老年痴呆症 anthrax n.炭疽
anti-aging
n.抗衰老 antibiotics
n.抗生素 n.艾
antibody
n.抗体
anti-SARS campaign
n.抗非典斗争 arthritis
n.关节炎
artificial heart
n.人造心脏 artificial hormones
n.人造激素 asthma
n.哮喘
avian influenza(bird flu)n.禽流感 B.O.(Body Odor)n.体臭 backache n.背痛
bioengineering n.生物工程
biologist n.生物学家 bird flu n.禽流感 bleeding n.出血
blemish n.瑕疵，疤痕 bister n.水泡
blood circulation n.血液循环 bruise n./v.瘀伤，擦伤，青紫
BSE(bovino spongiform encephalopathy)n.疯牛病burp
n.饱嗝，打嗝v.打饱嗝
carbohydrate n.碳水化合物 cardiac adj./n.心脏（病）的 cardiologist n.心脏病专家 cholesterol n.胆固醇 chronic adj.慢性的
HBV carriers 乙型肝炎病毒携带者 cirrhosis of liver n.肝硬化(masked palm)civet n.果子狸 cleanse v.清洗，净化 coma n.昏迷
comatose adj.昏睡的，昏迷不醒的 coronary disease n.冠心病 cough v./n.咳嗖
coughing fit n.咳嗖发作的 craving n.强烈的愿望 dandruff n.头皮屑 deadly adj.致名的
debilitate vt.使衰弱，使虚弱 dehydration n.脱水 dementia n.痴呆 deododize vt.除臭
dermatologist n.皮肤科医生
dermatology n.皮肤病学 eating disorder n.食欲紊乱 elasticity n.弹力，弹性 embryo n.胚胎
epidemic adj.流性的，传染的时疫，流行病 epidemic encephalitis B n.流行性乙性脑炎
euthanasia / mercy killing n.安乐死 extrovert n./adj.性格外向的人 fatal n.致命的
fertilization n.受精
fetus n.胎儿 fever n.发烧
fitness center n.健康中心 fitness n.健康
foot-and-mouth disease n.口蹄疫 genes n.基因
genetic information n.遗传信息 genome n.基因组 gestation n.怀孕
GM food(genetically modified food)转基因食品
GMOs(Genetically Modified Organisms)转基因生物 hatch
v./n孵化
health care products
n.保健品 herbal medicine
草药 hear attack n.心脏病发作 heart failure n.心力衰竭 hepatitis
n.肝炎
herbal essence
n.草药精，草本精华 high blood pressure
n.高血压 high cholesterol
n.胆固醇过高
HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)人体免疫缺损病毒，爱滋病病毒
HIV-positive
adj.爱滋病病毒测试呈阳性 Hoarseness
n.嘶哑，刺耳 hormone
n.荷尔蒙，激素 immunity
n.免疫性 implant
v./n.植入
in a vegetative state 处于植物人状态 infertility n.不孕，不育 insomnia
n.失眠，失眠症
introspective
adj.内省，内向的 introvert
n./adj.性格内向的（人）irritale
adj.急噪的 isolation
n.隔离
itching
adj.发痒的、渴望的
itchy
adj.使人发痒的，不安静的，神经质的 IVF(in-vitro fertilization)
n.试管受精 laser treatment n.激光疗法 lesion n.感染的皮肤，损伤 living donor
n.器官捐献者 maternity leave产假 matrixn n.子宫
menopause n.更年期
mental deterioration n.神经退化、衰弱 mental disorder n.精神紊乱 metabolism n.新陈代谢 migaine n.偏头痛
mortality rate n.死亡率
nutrient adj.有营养的，养分 nutrition
n.营养，营养学 obesity
n.肥胖症
odds n.可能的机会；几率 odor n.气味 offspring n.后代
OTC drugs n.非处方药
outbreak n.（疫情等）爆发 paralysis n.瘫痪
Parkinson’s disease
n.帕金森综合症
passive smoking/ second-hand smoking n.被动吸烟 personal hygiene n.个人卫生 pimple n.丘疹，面包，青春豆 plague n.瘟疫 pulse n.脉搏
quarantine n./v.隔离 rabies n.狂犬病 regenerate v.再生
remedy n.药物，治疗，矫正 renal n.肾脏
respirator n.口罩；人工呼吸器 a canister respirator n.防毒面具 SARS-affected area n.非典疫区 SARS-epidemic n.非典型性肺炎
slow-wave sleep n.慢波睡眠 smallpox n.天花 sneeze v./n.打喷嚏 snore n./v.打鼾，鼾声 sore throat n.喉咙痛 soreness n.痛，痛楚 spasm n.痉挛
sperm bank n.（为人工授精提供精子的）精子库 sperm donor n.捐献精子的人
STD(Sexually Transmitted Disease)n.性传染病 stem cell n.干细胞
sterile adj.不孕的，无结果的，消毒过的，无菌的 stiff neck n.落枕
stolid n./v.神经麻木的，感觉迟顿的 stress n.压力，焦虑 transplant n.移植
trauma n./v.外伤，心理创伤 vaccine n.疫苗
vivacious n.性格活泼的，快活的
voluntary and confidential testing 自愿的，保密的测试 womb n.子宫 wrinkle n.皱纹
6）TCM
中医
中医名著 famous TCM work 《黄帝内经》 Huang Di’s Classic of Internal Medicine/ Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《本草纲目》 Compendium of Masteria Medica 《神农本草经》 Shennong’s Herbal Classic 《易经》 I Ching;Book of Change 万物人为贵 nothing compares to a human life 救死扶伤 healing the sick and saving the dying 阴阳 yin-yang , the two opposing and complementary principles in nature 相生相克 mutual generation and restriction 对立制约 mutually opposing and constrraining 互根互用 interdependent and mutually promoting 相互转化 mutually transformational 新陈代谢 metabolism 针灸 acupuncture
针刺疗法 acupuncture 艾灸疗法 moxibustion 推拿medical massage 穴位 acupuncture point
针刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia 综合医院 general hospita
中医部 TCM section/ department
拔火罐疗法(Chiaese)cupping therapy
刮痧疗法 skin scraping therapy with water, liquor or vegetable oil
理疗 physical therapy 切脉 feeling the pulse 偏方 folk prescription
秘方 secret prescription(normally of excellent curative effect)
祖传秘方 secret prescription handed down from one’s ancestors 阴阳五行学说 the theory of yin-yang and five elements(metal, wood, water, fire, and earth)心heart 肝 liver 脾 spleen 胃 stomach 肺 lung 肾 kidney 内伤七情（喜，怒，忧，思，悲，恐，惊）internal causes(joy, anger, worry, thought, grief, fear and surprise)外感六淫（风，寒，暑，湿，燥，火）external causes(wind, cold, heat, wetness, dryness and fire)中药四性
four properties of medicinal herb 寒 cold 热 hot 温 warm 凉 cool 中药五味 five tastes of medicinal herb 酸 sour
苦 bitter 甜 sweet 辣 spicy 咸 salty
按摩 message therapy 减肥 lose weight
经络main and collateral channels inside human body;meridian
食补保健 maintain good health through the intake of nourishing food
太极拳 Tai chi quan;Tai chi Chuan;Taijiquan boxing 延缓衰老 to defer senility 药典 pharmacopoeia
有机整体 an organic whole 瑜珈 yoga
中国古代药王神农氏 Shennong,herbal medicine master of ancient China 中华医学会
安全第一，预防为主
7）科技
科学发展观 concept of scientific development 全民科学文化素质 scientific and cultural qualities of the entire people 发展科技
scientific and technological advancement 科教兴国 revitalize Chia through science and education 农业技术 agricultural technology 生态农业 envirnomental-friendly agriculture 无土栽培 soil-less cultivation BP机、传呼
beeper, pager 背投屏幕 rear projection screen 不明飞行物 unidentified flying object(UFO)操作系统 operating system 产品科技含量 technological element of a product 创新 innovation 电话会议 teleconference 电话留言机 answering machine 对讲机 talkie and walkie 多媒体 multimedia 防抱死系统 ABS(anti-lock braking system)孵化器 incubator 高产优质 high yield and high quality 高技术产业化 apply high technology to production
高科技板块 high-tech sector 高科技园 high-tech park
个人数字助理 PDA(personal digitial assistant)工业园区 industrial park
国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision)
国家重点实验室 national key laboratories
火炬计划 Torch Program(a plan to develop new and high technology)
计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 交叉学科 interdisciplinary branch of science
科技成活转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces 科技含量 technology content
科技基础设施
science and technology infrastructure 科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force
科技界体制改革 reform of the science and technology management system
科技与经济脱节 science and technology are out of line form the economy 可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development 纳米 nanometer 三峡水利枢纽工程the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River 物种起源 origin of species 新兴科学 new branch of science 研究成果 research results 在孵企业 incubated enterprises 自动取款机
automatic teller machine(ATM)自然科学与社会科学的交叉融合 integration of natural 超文本传输协议
hypertext transfer protocol(HTTP)
界面
interface
金融电子化
computerized financial services 局域网
LAN-local area network
互联网服务提供商
ISP(Internet Service Provider)
全球移动通信系统
global system for mobile communications(GSM)
刻录机
CD burner and social sciences IT信息技术
信息港 info port 信息高地 information highland 信息高速公路 information superhighway 信息革命 information revolution 信息含量 information content 信息化 informationization 信息技术处理 ITA-Information Technology Agreement 信息检索 information retrieval 办公自动化 OA(Office Automation)笔记本电脑 laptop/ notebook/ portable computer 电脑病毒 computer virus 电脑犯罪 computer crime 电子管理 e-management 电子货币 e-currency 电子商务 e-business;e-commerce 电子商务认证 e-business certification 电子邮件 E-mail 非对称数字用户环路 ADSL(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop)高速宽带互联网 high-speed broadband networks 公告板 BBS(bulletin board system)光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine 广域网 WAN(wide area net word)汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software 黑客 hacker 计算机2000年问题 Y2K problem 计算机辅助教育 CAI-computer assisted instruction 计算机辅助设计 CAD-computer assisted design 计算机合成制造 CAM-computer assisted manufacturing 计算机中央处理器
CPU-central processing unit
宽带接入
broadband access 宽带网
broadband networks
内联网、局域网（计算机）Intranet 垃圾邮件
junk mail
人工智能
AI-artificial intelligence 人机交互
human-computer interaction 虚拟人
visual human 虚拟网
visual net
虚拟现实
visual reality 虚拟银行
visual bank
因特网服务提供商
ISP-internet service provider 万维网
World Wide Web(puter
政府上网工程
Government Online Project 只读储存器
read-only-memory(ROM)智能感知技术
perceptive technology 智能终端
intelligent terminal
中文信息处理系统
Chinese information processing system
数码科技
digital technology 高保真
Hi-Fi(High Fidelity)
高清晰度电视
high definition TV(HDTV)光谷
optical valley
光通讯
optical communication 蓝光光盘
Blue-ray Disc 数码港
cyber port 数字地球
digital globe
数字蜂窝移动通信
digital cellular mobile telecommunications
三维电影 three-dimensional movie 三维动画 three-dimensional animation [详析] “蓝光光盘”利用蓝色的激光束来刻录数据。目前的光盘均使用红色的激光束来进行刻录工作。液晶显示屏
LDC-liquid crystal display 逐行扫描 progressive scan(high-frequency mode)视频点播 VOD-video on demand 搜索引擎 search engine 统一资源定位器 URL-uniform Resource Locator 下载 download 英特网 internet 万维网 munication system)多媒体短信服务 MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service)文本短信服务 SMS(Short Message Service)文本短信语言 texting(e.g.gr8=great)无绳电话 cordless telephone 无线保真 Wi-Fi(wireless Fidelity)无线应用协议 WAP-wireless application protocol
移动电话双向收费 two-way charges for cell phones
能上网的手机 WAP phone
增强型短信服务 EMS(Enhanced Message Service)
程控电话 program-controlled telephone 生物技术 bio-technology
[扩展]
克隆 clong
生物芯片
biochip
基因工程
genetic engineering 基因突变 genetic mutation
基因图谱 genome
转基因动植物 genetically modified animals and plants
转基因生物
genetically modified organisms(GMOs)
转基因食品
GM food(genetically modified food)
B超
type-B ultrasonic 试管婴儿
test-tube baby 干细胞
stem cell
空间科学
Space Science [扩展]
发射成功
successful launch
风云二号气象卫星
Fengyun II meteorological satellite
神州五号载人飞船
manned spacecraft Shenzhou V
同步卫星
geostationary satellite
全球定位系统
GPS(global positioning system)首航
maiden voyage(of an aircraft or ship)外层空间
outer space
外星人
extraterrestrial being(ET)卫星导航
satellite navigation
8）环保
afforestation n.绿化造林
afforestation drive n.绿化运动 agricultural ecology 农业生态学 artificial rain n.人工降雨 biosphere n.生物圈 car exhaust n.汽车尾气
carbon dioxide(CO2)n.二氧化碳 carbon monoxide(CO)n.一氧化碳
China’s guiding principle for environmental protection 国家环保基本方针
clean energy n.清洁能源 clean fuels n.清洁燃料 contamination n.污染 deforestation n.森林开伐
desertification n.土壤沙漠化，荒漠化 disaster-affected area n.受灾地区 drought n.干旱
dust storm;sand storm n.沙尘暴
El Nino Southern Oscillation(ENSO)气候学厄尔尼诺南徊现象
emission n.排气，（如汽车废气等）；排放物 environmentalist n.环境保护主义者 environment-friendly products 环保产品 flood n.洪水，洪灾 fog n.雾
food chain 食物链
forest coverage rate 森林覆盖率 forestation n.造林
fossil fuel 矿物燃料，如石油，煤，天然气等，由古代生物衍生而成
fungi,molds,bacteria and viruses 真菌，霉菌，细菌，病毒
global warming 全球变暖
grain for green 退耕还林（还草）grassland n.草地，草原 greenhouse effect 温室效应 greenhouse gases 温室气体
ground depression 棉沉降；地面坍塌 groundwater n.地下水
heat island effect 热岛效应
La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象
land subsidence;ground depression 地面沉降 monsoon n.季候风；（印度等地的）雨季，季风 mosquito control 蚊虫控制
Mount Qomolangma/Mount Everest 珠穆朗玛峰 Natural disasters /hazards n.自然灾害，危害
[扩展] debris flow
n.泥石流 drought
n.干旱
dust storm
n.沙尘暴
extratropical cyclone
n.温带气旋 earthquake
n.地震
flooding
n.洪水，水灾 forest fire
n.森林火灾 hail
n.冰雹
furricane
n.飓风
furricane warning
n.飓风警报 hurricane watch
n.飓风监视 storm surge
n.风暴潮
tidal wave(a tsunami)
n.海啸 tornado
n.旋风，龙卷风 tropical cyclone
n.热带气旋 tropical storm
n.热带风暴 typhoon
n.台风
volcano erupting
n.火山爆发
natural reserve/ natural preservation zone 自然保护区 natural resource protection areas 自然资源保护区 Planet
[扩展]
Planet Eerth
地球
Planet Jupiter
木星
Planet mars
火星
Planet Mercury
水星 Planet Neptune
海王星
Planet Pluto
冥王星
Planet Saturn
土星
Planet Uranus
天王星
Planet Venus
金星
Pollutant
n.污染物质
renewable resources 可再生资源 reservoir
n.水库，蓄水池
smog
n.工业烟雾，烟雾污染 temperate
adj.温和的
Three Gorges Proj ect
三峡工程 Three Gorges Reservoir
三峡水库 tropical rain forest
热带雨林 traffic congestion
交通拥塞 UV(ultraviolet)
n.紫外线 urbanization
n.城市化 urbanite
n.都市人 volacanoes
n.火山
water loss and soil erosion
水土流失
9)教育
函授学院 correspondence school 附中 middle/ high school affiliated to….政治思想教育 political and ideological education 自学成才 to become deucated through 教授 professor
副教授 associate professor
客坐教授 visiting professor;guest professor 讲师 lecturer independent study 奖学金 scholarship;fellowship;financial grant 领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student 博士生 ph.D candidate 博士后 post-doctoral 毕业生分配 graduate placement 成人高考/自学考试 the national higher education exams for self-taught adults 成人教育 adult education 充电 update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 大学文凭 associate degree 分数 mark;grade 成绩单 transcript 毕业论文（大学）paper;（研）thesis（博）dissertation 实习internship;field work 毕业典礼 graduation ceremony;commencement 毕业证书 certificate 高等教育 higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of(liberal)ares 理工科大学 college/ university of science and engineering 师范大学 teacher’s college/ normal college 工科大学 polytechnic university 农学院 college of agriculture 医学院 medical school 中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)音乐学院 music school 美术学院 academy of fine arts 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/ college)entrance examination 高校扩招 the collgeg expansion plan 国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua(Mandarin)函授大学 correspondence university
助教 assistant
辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work 教研室/ 组 teaching and research section/ group 教学法 pedagogy;teaching method 教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education
九年制义务教育 nine-yeat compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
课外的 extracurriculum
课外活动 exreacurricular activities 课堂讨论 class discussion
必修课 repuired/ compulsory course 选修课 elective/ optional course 基础课 basic course
专业课
specialized course 课程表 school schedule
研究小组；讨论会
seminar
教学大纲 teaching program;syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学年 school/academic year 学期(school)term;semester 学分 credit
两院院士 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering
启发式教学 heuristic education 热门话题 hot topic
人才交流 talents exchange
人才战 competition for talented people
商务英语证书 Business English Certificate(BEC)设计学院 academy of design
体育学院 institute of physical culture
适龄儿童入学率 enrolment rate for children of school age
授予某人学位 to confe a degree on/ to sb./ for sth(e.g.thesis)
升学率 proportion of students entering xchools of a higher grade
（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy/financial aid 硕博联读 a continuous academic projuce that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 松江大学城Songjiang College Town 素质教育 quality-oriented education 填鸭式教育 cramming method of teaching 脱产进修 block release 短训班 short-term training course 师生员工 faculty,students and staff 教学人员 the faculty;teaching staff 中、小学校长 headmaster/headmistress;principal 大专院校校长（美）president;（英）chancellor;vice-chancellor
教务长，（系）主任 dean 希望工程 Project Hope 小组讨论group discussions 校训 school motto 校友alumnus（男）;zlumna（女）pl.alumni;alumnae 学生会 students’union/ association 走读生 extern;non-rsident student 住宿生
boarder 旁听生
auditor 研究生
graduate student;post-graduate(student)应届毕业生
graduating student;current year’s graduate 课程
course;curriculum 校园数字化
campus digitalization 校园文化
campus culture 学分
credit points 学汉语热
enthusiasm in learning Chinese 学历教育
education with record of formal schooling
学龄儿童
school-ager 学前教育
preschool education 学生减负
alleviate the burden on students 学时
credit hours 学位证书
degree certificate 学英语热
enthusiasm in learning English 义务教育
compulsory education 应试教育
exam-oriented education 优化教师队伍
optimize the teaching staff 在职博士生
on-job doctorate
在职研究生
on-job postgraduates 招生办公室
admission office
招生就业指导办公室
enrolment and placement office
职业道德
work ethics
职业高中（高职）
vocational high school 职业教育
vocational education 三学期制
the trimester system
定向招生
students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers
示范试点
demonstration pilot project 动员
mobilize
多科学的multi-disciplinary 重点大学
key university 被授权
be authorized to do
博士后科研流动站
center for post-doctoral studies
国家发明奖
National Ivention Prize
国家自然科学奖
National Prize for Natural Science
国家科技进步奖
National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology
学术报告会，专题讨论会
symposium/seminar 记者招待会
press conference
国家教委
State Education Commission 国家统计局
State Statistical Bureau
国家教育经费
national expenditure on education 财政拨款
financial allocation 职业培训
job training
职业文盲
functional illiterate 专职教师
fill-time teacher
智力引进
recruit/introduce(foreign)talents 智商
intelligence quotient(IQ)中等教育
secondary education 主观能动性
subjective initiative
助学行动
activity to assist the impoverished students
准博士
all but dissertation(ABD)
自费留学
go to study abroad at one’s own expense
自费研究生
self-supporting/self-sponsored graduate student
10)文化 四大发明
the four great inventions of ancient China [扩展] 火药
gunpowder 印刷术
printing 造纸术
paper-making 指南针
the compass 四书
The Four Books [扩展] 《大学》 The Great Learning 《中庸》
The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》
The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》
The Mencius 中国画
traditional Chinese painting 书法
calligraphy 水墨画
Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting 工笔
traditional Chinese realistic painting 孙子兵法
The Art of War 汉字
Chinese character 华夏祖先
the Chinese ancestors 单音节
single syllable 汉语有“合理的逻辑性”
Chinese language is“soberly logical”(Edward Sapir,American linguist)汉语四声调
the four tones of Chinese characters
[扩展] level tone 阳平rising tone 阴平
falling-rising tone 上声 falling tone 去声 武术
martial art 中国武术 Kung Fu 武术门派 styles or schools of martial art习武健身 practice martial art for fitness 气功 Qigong.deep breathing exercises 拳击 boxing 中国文学 Chinese literature [扩展] 《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms 《西游记》 Journey to the West;Plilgrimage to the West 《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions 《山海经》 the Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 《西厢记》 the Romance of West Chamber 《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin 《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange
Tales from Make-Do Studio 《围城》 Fortress Besieged
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q 春秋 the Spring and Autumn Annals 史记 Historical Records
诗经 The Books of Songs;the Book of Odes 书经 The Books of History
易经 I Ching;the Book of Changes 礼记 the Book of Rites 孝经 Book of Filial Piety
三字经 three-character scripture;three-word chant 八股文 eight-part essay;stereotyped writing 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage 优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts 文物 cultural relics 中国结 Chinese knot 旗袍 Cheongsam
中山装 Chinese tunic suit
唐装 traditiongal Chinese garments(clothing),Tang suit 景泰蓝 cloisnne
朝廷使者 royal court envoy 文人 men of letters 雅士 refined scholars 表演艺术 performing art
现代流行艺术 popular art.Pop art 纯艺术 high art
高雅艺术 refined art
电影艺术 cinematograhic art 戏剧艺术 theatrical art
[扩展] 生（男性正面角色）male(the positive male role)旦（女性正面角色）female(the positive female role)
净（性格鲜明的男性配角）a supporting male role with striking character
丑（幽默滑稽或反面角色）a clown of a negative role
花脸 painted role 歌舞喜剧 musical
滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头 shtick 滑稽短剧 skit
京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask
皮影戏 shadow play;leather-silhouette show 说书 story-telling 叠罗汉 make a human pyramid 折子戏 opera highlights 踩高跷 stilt walk 哑剧 pantomime;mime 哑剧演员 pantomimst 戏剧小品 skit 马戏 circus show 单口相声 monologue comic talk, standup comedy 特技表演 stunt 相声 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk 杂技 acrobatics 京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 秦腔 shaanxi opera 篆刻 sealcutting 工艺，手艺 workmanship / craftsmanship 卷轴scroll 蜡染 batik 泥人 clay figure 漆画lacquer painting
唐三彩 Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 文房四宝 The four stationery treasure of the Chinese study---a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper 民间传说
folklores 寓言fable 传说 legend 神话 mythology 古为今用、洋为中用 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china 赋诗 inscribe a poem 对对联 matching an antithetical couplet 阳历 Solar calendar 公历 Gregorian calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 天干 heavenly stem
地支 earthly branch 闰年 leap year
二十四节气 the twenty –four solar terms 十二生肖 zodiac
本命年 one’s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
传统节日 traditional holidays 春节 Spring Festival
元宵节 Lantern Festival(15th day of the first lunar month)
清明节 Pure Brightness Festival /Tomb-sweeping Day(April the 5th)
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival(5th of the fifth lunar month)
中秋节 Moon Festibal/ Mid Autumn Day(15th of the eight lunar month)
重阳节 Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day 秦始皇帝First Emperor.Emperor Chin 皇太后 Empress Dowager
汉高祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD)
成吉思汗 Genghis Khan;Temujin
才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 文明摇篮 cradle of civilization 夏朝 Xia Dynasty
明清两代(of)Ming and Qing dynasties 中华文明 Chinese civilization 地名：特别注意四川和陕西拼法 四川 Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan 陕西 Shaanxi
古文明研究中心 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations
中外学者
Chinese and overseas scholars 考古学家
archaeologists 人类学家
anthropologist 历史学家
historian 地理学家 geographer
11)体育，娱乐
2008夏季奥运会
2008 Olympics
主办2008年奥运会 host the 2008 Olympic Games 奥运会火炬 Olympic torch 奥运村 Olympic village
奥运选手
Olympian
奥运会核心精神 the core spirit of the Olympic games
更快、更高、更强
Citius, Altius,Fortius 东道国 host country 主办城市 host city 冬奥会 Olympic Winter Games 国际奥委会 IOC(International Olympic 票房 box office
泼水节 Water-Sprinkling Festival
群众精神文化生活 people’s cultural life Committee)会歌 anthem 会徽 emblem 申办 bid 申办成功 win the bidding 板球 criket 公开赛 open/ open tournament 锦标赛 championships 国家体育总局
State Physical Culture Administration 健美运动 bodybuilding 教练 coach/ trainer 举重 weight lifting 马术 equitation 球类运动 ball games 赛马 horse race 射击 shooting 射箭 archery 室内运动 indoor sports 室外运动 outdoor sports 体育道德、运动家精神 sportsmanship 田径 track and field 跳高 high jump 跳远 long jump 马拉松 marathon 职业选手 professional athlete 自行车赛 cycling 跨栏 hurdle race 体操 gymnastics 接力赛 relay race 冰球 hockey 娱乐 recreation/ entertainment 《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）Berne Convention 茶道 sado 宠物医院 pet clinic 大开眼界 open one’s eyes;broaden one’s horizon;be an eye-opener 大众传媒 mass media(of communications)狗仔队 paparazzo(singular).paparazzi(plural)广告妙语 punch line 吉尼斯世界记录 Guinness Book of Records 家庭影院 home theater
人体彩绘 people’s cultural life 迪斯尼乐园 Disneyland 米老鼠 Mickey mouse 唐老鸭 Donald Duck 特技演员 stunt man
the World Heritage Committee of the UNESCO(united nations educational scientific and cultural organization)《世界旅游业职业道德规范》 the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism 世界旅游日（9月27日）World Tourism Day 承认不同的文化特性 to recognize cultural identities 在世界各国人民之间分享不同的思想与经历 to share ideas and experiences between the peoples of the world 著名的“丝绸之路”文化旅游专线 cultural itinerary known as the Silk Road 确保旅游业可持续、负责任、重道德地向前发展to ensure that tourism develops in a sustainable, responsible and ethical way 旅游业 the tourist/ travel industry/ trade/ sector, tourism 综合性很强的产业 a highly comprehensive industry 作为第三产业的重点as the top priority of the tertiary industry 开发旅游资源to tap tourist resources 客源输出国 tourist-generating country 市场促销 market promotion 产品开发product development 广阔的发展前景 a bright future for development 推动有条件的地区加快发展旅游业
to push areas which have the right conditions to accelerate the development of their tourism industry 旅游业的关联带动作用 the locomotive role of the tourism industry 带动当地的经济社会发展to give an impetus to the local social and economic development 配套设施建设the construction of coordinated/ supporting facilities 制定相应的扶持政策 formulate corresponding support policies 春节、国庆长假 the long holidays of Spring Festival and National Day 丰富多彩的灿烂文化 a rich splendid culture 中国历史悠久、山川壮丽、民俗奇异、旅游资源十分丰富
China has a long history, splendid scenery and fantastical folk customs, which bring rich tourist resources.中国有27个名胜古迹被列入联合国教科文组织的文化遗产录
China has 27 scenic spots that are on the list of world heritages of the UNESCO 国际旅游市场international tourist market 人类从茹毛饮血到田园农耕，从产业时代到信息社会，历尽沧桑。
From primitive barbarism to agro-farming, from the industrial age to information society, mankind has gone through countless hardships.人类创造的巨大的物质财富和灿烂的精神文明，构成了社会发展进程中波澜壮阔的文明史图，形成了浩如烟海、博大精深的文明乐章。
The massive material wealth and splendid civilizations crated by mankind constitute a magnificent scenery of the history of civilizations in the course of social development and a resounding and profound musical movement of civilizations.亚洲文明是世界闻名的奇葩，历史悠久，辉煌灿烂。
With their long and brilliant history, Asian civilizations are glimmering like beautiful flowers in the garden of world civilization.在农耕、掘井、开渠、冶炼、天文、医学等领域。
In agro-farming, well-digging, canal-building, smelting, astronomy, medical science and other fields.中国古代的睿智贤哲提倡“四海之内皆兄弟”，“和为贵”、“海纳百川”等四项主张，对中华文明与其他文明间的交流和融合产生着重要影响。
Ideas advocated by ancient Chinese philosophers, the wise and able, such as “all men under heaven are brothers”, “harmony is the most precious” and “the ocean accommodates all rivers on earth”, remains highly influential in the exchange and integration among the Chinese civilization and other civilizations.不同文明间对话、交流、融合是历史发展的必然趋势，也是文明本身自我完善、延续发展的要求。
Dialogue, exchanges and integration among different civilizations, as the natural trend of historical development, are the requisites for the self-improvement and continued development of civilizations.化解积怨、捐弃前嫌
To eliminate one’s feuds to bring about reconciliation.世界是丰富多彩的，“物之不齐，物之性也”。
The world is indeed colorful.As a Chinese saying goes, “it is the law of nature that objects are different” 应该坚持各种文明取长补短、兼容并蓄。
It is essential to advocate mutual leaning and integration among civilizations.只有取其精髓、去其糟粕，扬长避短，相互借鉴，才能促进共同发展和共同进步。
Only by discarding the dross and assimilating the essence, fostering strengths to make up for weaknesses and mutual learning will it be possible to promote common development and progress.About travel agency 旅行社travel agency/ service 旅游公司 tourist company 中国国际旅行社 the China International Travel Service(CITS)中国旅行社 the China Travel Service 中国青年旅行社 the China Youth Travel Service 观光与度假相结合 to combine sightseeing with holiday-making 地方/全程导游；地/全陪 local/national guide 注册/持证导游registered/ licensed guide 索取回扣/佣金to demand /acquire kickbacks/ commissions 提高导游的素质和服务水平to improve the professional competence and service quality of guides 旅行团领队tour escort/ director 团队/包价旅游group/package tour 个人旅游individual travel 专向/特色旅游special interest program/tour 专业/职业旅游 professional tours 学习/学术/奖励旅游；生态旅游 study/academic / incentive tour;eco-tour 文华/蜜月/辽阳/商务旅游 cultural/ honeymoon/ convalescence/business tour 春游 spring outing 旅游价格tour price 报价quotation 报名交费 to sign up and pay the expenses 旅行团来华前应将费用全部付清，否则，预定的团组特作自动取消论处。
The balance of payment should be settled before departure.Otherwise, the reservation will be automatically released.“食、住、行、游、购、娱”一条龙的旅游服务体系 an integrated/ comprehensive service system for tourism covering dining, accommodation, transportation, sightseeing, shopping and entertainment 各项旅游的报价均含游客在旅游过所需的一切费用。The quotation for each tour includes all expenses in the destination country.包括住宿费、膳食费、交通费、游览费、导游费、机场离境税以及往返国际机票。This includes the cost of accommodation, meals, transportation, sightseeing, guides, airport departure tax, and a round-trip international airfare.旅行者没有结束旅行离团时，扣除部分费用和旅行社的损失费后，将余款退还给旅行者。
A refund may be made to the tour member for the uncompleted part of the tour after making due deductions of expenses and damages incurred by the travel service.旅行者离团单独活动时所用交通费用自理。
Tour members arriving or departing independently outside group arrangements are responsible for their own transportation.单间一般没有。Single rooms are generally not available.负责由此而产生的一切额外费用。To be responsible for all additional costs incurred.待确认后费用全部付清。Full payment is due upon our confirmation.申请/要求退款 to apply for / claim a refund 退款政策 refund policy 全部退款 a full refund will be made 预定金马上退还给你the deposit will be returned to you immediately.Traveling by air 出境时，旅行者需支付机场税。Airport tax must be paid by the tour members at the time of departure.简化外国人出入境手续
to streamline the entry and exit process/procedures for foreigners 持美国护照 to hold an American passport 发放/获得/办理签证 to grant/ obtain/ process visa 头等舱；经济舱 first /business class;economy class 旺/平/淡季 peak/ regular /low season 正常/淡季/夜航票价
regular/normal/off-season/ night fares 中国国家民用航空总局 the State General Administration of Civil Aviation(CAAC)定期航班 scheduled flights/ departures 班期更改，恕不预告schedules are subject to change without notice.中途停留To stop over;stopover 续程联结飞机Onward connecting flight 旅客接送服务台Transfer desk 登机证Boarding pass 乘机/旅客联Flight/passenger coupon 手提行李Hand/carry-on/cabin baggage 免费行李额Free Baggage Allowance 行李超重费Excess baggage charges 行李票/证Baggage check /ticket 安全检查Safety inspection 严禁携带的物品Restricted articles 凶器Lethal weapon 易燃、易爆、腐蚀、有毒、放射性物质、可聚合物质、磁性物质
Inflammable, explosive, corrosive, poisonous, radioactive, polymerizable and magnetized materials 机密文件和资料Classified papers and confidential documents 救生衣Life vest 安全带Seat/safety belt 机场接送车Limousine
Car rental 汽车出租Car rental 行驶里程不限Unlimited mileage 基价公里Minimum mileage 起租/等候/超时费Drop/waiting/overtime charge 3 空驶费No-occupancy surcharge
Accommodation 豪华/旅游酒店Deluxe/tourist hotel 星级酒店Star-grade hotels 老年公寓、招待所pension and hostel 青年旅馆Youth hostel平房/廉价旅馆Bungalow/budget hotel 夫妻旅店Mon-and-pop hotel 把… 安排在假日酒店下榻To put …up/ accommodate … at the Holiday Inn 地理位置优越、交通方便With an ideal location and easy transportation 地址适中Centrally located 所有费用由公司报销/负担The company will pay/bear/cover all the expenses.旅馆大堂Hotel lobby 入/离店手续；住房登记/退房手续Check-in/check-out 办理登记手续To go through the registration procedure 旅馆登记表Hotel registration form 总统/经理套房Presidential/ executive suite 蜜月/家庭套房Honeymoon/family suite 房价Room charge 打六折To get a 40 percent discount;to be 40 percent off 标准间/房价Standard room/rate 自动记账Auto-billing 旅行支票Traveler’s check
用现金或信用卡支付To pay by cash or credit 现金支付机Cash dispenser 自动取款机Automatic teller machine(ATM)带两张单人床的双人房Double room with twin beds 加床Extra bed 客房家具精致Tastefully furnished rooms and suites 赠送/免费饮料Complimentary drinks 客房出租率Room occupancy rate 顾客满意率Customer satisfaction rate for a hotel 销售部Sales and marketing department 业务范围Scope of business 设备齐全的商务中心Fully equipped business center 国际/国内直拨电话IDD/DDD(international/ domestic direct dial)集住宿、餐饮、娱乐、健身、商务和会务于一体
With a complete service of accommodation, catering, entertainment, body-building, and business and convention facilities 宾馆提供各种便利服务项目，其中包括出租车联系、机票和火车票预订、外币兑换、国际电话直拨、因特网使用等。
The hotel provides comprehensive services such as taxi arrangement, airline and train ticket booking, money exchange, international direct dial telephone and Internet service.提供衣服洗熨、美容美发、桑拿沐浴、按摩推拿等服务。
To provide laundry service, a beauty parlor, a sauna bath and a health service with medical massage.叫醒客人服务 wake-up service 各种娱乐设施一应俱全 to be complete with all entertainment and recreational amenities 4 卡拉OK歌舞厅 ballroom equipped with Karaoke facilities 健身房和娱乐中心 gym and recreational center 健身中心fitness center 桌球房、保龄球场合迷你高尔夫球场 billiard room, bowling alleys and mini-golf course 网球场、游泳池和溜冰场 tennis court, swimming pool and skating rink 矿泉浴和水力按摩浴spa and Jacuzzi
Food 饮食业Catering industry/ culture 中国的烹饪 Chinese cuisine基本的烹饪方法 basic ways of cooking 分为四个菜系，即北方菜、四川菜、江浙菜和南方菜。
To be classified into four major schools, namely, the Northern School, the Sichuan School, the Jiangzhe School and the Southern School.因为中国的北方气候寒冷，所以各种菜式选用含卡路里较高的用料，以保证足够的热量。Most of the dishes have a high calorie value answering the demands of the cold northern climate 麻辣 spicy ad hot鲜嫩可口 tender and juicy 馋涎欲滴(of the mouth)to start watering 盛产各种鱼虾海味 a great variety of dishes from the sea, rivers and lakes 美食家 gourmet 旋转餐厅Revolving restaurant 自助正餐/早餐Dinner/breakfast buffet 饮食习惯/方式Food habits/styles 中餐烹饪的独特艺术The distinctive Chinese culinary art 享有“烹饪王国”之美誉To enjoy a world-wide reputation as the “kingdom of cuisine” 中国四大菜系The four major/well-known cuisines/ schools of China 南淡北咸，东甜西辣The light southern(Canton)cuisine, and the salty northern(Shandong)cuisine;the sweet eastern(Yangzhou)cuisine, and the spicy western(Sichuan)cuisine 鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较淡Shangdong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces.鲁菜注重选料精于刀功，善于炊技
Shangdong dishes feature choice of ingredients/ materials, adept technique in slicing and prefect cooking skills.川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多样
Sichuan cuisine features a wide range of ingredients, various seasonings and different cooking techniques.川菜最大的特点是品种多、口味重，以麻辣著称。
Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies and strong flavors, and is best known for being spicy-hot.粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。Cantonese cuisine emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitless range of ingredients.扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味。Yangzhou cuisine emphasizes the original flavors of well-chosen materials.注意选料To select ingredients carefully;careful selection of ingredients 食物的质地The texture of food 中餐烹调所有的天然配料，品种繁多，几无穷尽；烹调方法，也层出不穷，不可悉数
Nearly endless variety of natural ingredients and methods of preparation are employed in Chinese cuisine/ cooking 评判中餐菜肴优劣的三大要素是“色、香、味”。
The three essential factors or key elements for judging Chinese cooking are known as “color, aroma and taste”.菜肴的装盘、摆放和图案The layout and design of the dishes 选料、调料、适时烹调、把握火候、装盘上桌这些微妙步骤地细心协调
The careful coordination of such a series of delicate activities as selecting ingredients, mixing flavors, timing the cooking, controlling the heat and finally, laying out the food on the plate for the table.佐料的调配The blending of seasonings 调味艺术The art of proper seasoning 味精Gourmet powder;monosodium glutamate 鸡精Essence of chicken;chicken essence 生姜/醋/酱油/黄酒/番茄酱Ginger/vinegar/ soy sauce/yellow rice wine/ tomato sauce 厨师Chef 菜刀/刀板/铁锅Kitchen knife/ cutting board / wok 刀功Slicing technique 烹饪餐具Cooking utensil 消毒To pasteurize /sterilize 食/菜谱Recipe/menu 各种帮派的民族风味餐 various ethnic foods 真宗的清真/回民菜authentic Muslim/ Halal food 家乡/地方风味 local flavor/ cuisine/ food 馒头、油条、大饼、平煎薄饼 steamed bread/bun, twisted cruller, bannock and pancake 豆浆/豆腐脑/方便面 soybean milk/ bean curd jelly/ instant noodles 米饭/叉烧炒饭/炒饭/蛋炒饭 steamed rice/ roast pork rice/ fried rice/ egg fried rice 小米粥/绿豆粥/芝麻汤圆millet congee/ congee with green beans/ sweet rice balls with soup 炒面/ 汤面/米线 stir-fried noodles/ soup noodles/ rice noodles 不含防腐剂free of preservative;to contain no preservative;preservative-free 备受青睐 to enjoy popularity;to be popular 您想点菜吗？Are you ready to order, sir? 贵店有什么特色菜？ May I know your house special? 特色/招牌菜 specialty 药膳medicated diet;health food 两道冷菜、两道热菜、外加汤和米饭 two courses of cold dishes and two courses of hot dishes, coupled with soup and steamed rice.中餐先上冷盘，而西餐先上汤 A Chinese dinner begins with cold dishes whereas a Western dinner starts with a soup.请尝尝我的拿手菜。Would you like to try my special recipe? 沏/泡/品/喝茶to make /brew /sip/ drink tea 浓/淡/绿/红/茉莉花/菊花/玫瑰花茶strong/ weak/ green/ black/ jasmine/ chrysanthemum/ rose tea 中国人又在正月十五晚上吃元宵、赏花灯的习俗 The Chinese have the custom of eating yuanxiao(sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour)and watching festive lanterns on the fifteenth evening of the first lunar month.Tourist attraction
丰富的旅游资源 rich/ abundant tourist resources 旅游景点/胜地 tourist attraction/ lure/ destination;scenic spot 风景点和旅游专线 scenic spots and special itineraries 名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites 地方志 local chronicles;annals of local history 文化载体 cultural carrier 自然景观 natural beauty/ attraction 人文景观 places of historic figures and cultural heritage 把自然景观和人文景观完美地融为一体 a combination of natural scenery and cultural heritage;a perfect example of the kind of resort 6 that embodies natural scenery and cultural heritage 中国传统文化与世界新潮完美结合的典范
a perfect combination of the traditional Chinese culture and the world’s fads and fashion 神话传说 fairy tales and folklore 天象
natural/ astronomical phenomena 国家级度假胜地 national holiday resort 避暑胜地summer resort 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 青山绿水 green hills and clear waters 难以忘怀的风景haunting landscape 惊人的自然景色stunning natural beauty 令人流连忘返 to be reluctant to leave, to linger on 世外桃源 a paradise on earth;an earthly paradise 湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills/ mountains 景色如画 picturesque(views)熙熙攘攘/川流不息 seething/ onrushing 精巧绝伦 exquisite
美不胜收 breathtaking/intriguing 令人眼花缭乱 dazzling迷人的enchanting/ charming 带有异国情调/风味的exotic 湖石假山lakeside rocks and rockeries 园林建筑 garden architecture
独具匠心 original/ ingenious/ creative 工艺精湛 Exquisite workmanship 这里地势起伏，花木葱茏，环境幽静，建筑别致 Peaceful and secluded, this undulating terrain is covered with lush trees and beautiful flowers.The houses here are of unique architectural styles.两者交相辉映，美不胜收 The two categories of scenic spots complement each other and are really captivating.公园景色与庭院建筑珠联璧合，相映成趣。
The buildings and the enchanting gardens are built in harmony, each representing a beautiful ornament to the other.这一古建筑群集中代表了我国唐朝时期的建筑风格。
This ancient architectural complex fully represents the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty.它历史悠久，可以追溯到汉朝时期
It has a long history dating back to the Han dynasty.奇松、怪石、云海和温泉 rare pines, exotic stones, a sea of cloud and hot springs 传奇式的长城 the legendary Great Wall 神话般的丝绸之路the fabled Silk Road 京杭大运河the ancient Grand Canal 黄果树瀑布the Huangguoshu Falls 三峡（瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡）the Three Gorges(the Qutang Gorge, the Wu Gorge and the Xiling Gorge)鬼城丰都Fengdu, known as the “Ghost City” 漓江游 a cruise on the Lijiang River 桂林山水甲天下 The landscape of Guilin tops those elsewhere
上有天堂，下有苏杭 Up above there is a paradise, down below there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.山外有山，景外有景，无限风光 endless vistas of mountains beyond mountains and scenery beyond scenery 绵延200多公里 to stretch over 200 km 7 海拔4,000米 4,000 meters above sea level 内陆边界线 inland boundaries 属．．．气候to enjoy … Climate
Shopping
购买旅游纪念品 to buy souvenirs 拼命购物 shopping spree 抢购 panic buying 工艺品摊点 arts and crafts stalls 手工艺品 handicrafts/ artifact 古玩店 antique/ curio shop 金石印章 metal and stone seals 木／竹／贝雕wood/ bamboo/ shell carving 漆器、藤条制品 lacquer ware and wickerwork 唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝、青瓷和陶瓷 cloisonné, celadon and ceramics 陶器 earthenware/ pottery 瓷釉／珐琅 enamel 玛瑙、琥珀、水晶、钻石、玳瑁和翡翠 agate, amber, crystal, diamond, tortoise shell and green jade 墨／青／碧／白／黄／纹玉 black/ hard/jasper/ white/ yellow/ veined jade 红宝石、蓝宝石、子母绿宝石、戒指、珍珠和坠子ruby, sapphire, emerald, ring, pearl and pendant 项链、手镯、耳环、发卡／饰和别针 necklace, bracelet, earring/eardrop, hair pin/ ornament and brooch 彩蛋、书签和钥匙链 painted egg shell, book mark and key holder 泥塑 clay figurine 字画卷轴 scroll of calligraphy and painting
国画、山水画和水墨画 traditional Chinese painting, landscape painting and ink painting
hold high the great banner of deng xiaoping theory
改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师
the chief architect of china’s reform, opening and modernization drive
沿着有中国特色的社会主义道理阔步前进
take great strides along the road to socialism with chinese characteristics
以经济建设为中心
take economic construction as the central task
中共十五大
the 15th national congress of the cpc
提高综合国力
improve the overall national strength ( the overall strength of the country)
振兴中华
the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the chinese nation
小康水平
the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively comfortable standard of living
人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平
the average per-capita gnp will reach the standard of moderately developed countries
加强物质文明和精神文明的建设
foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress
发扬优良传统
carry forward the find traditions
艰苦创业的精神
the hardworking and enterprising spirit
反对铺张浪费
oppose/combat extravagance and waste
推进政府机构改革
restructure government institutions
精简各级政府机构
streamline government departments at all levels
国家公务员制度
the system of public services
公务员
public servants; civil servants
乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派
arbitrary collection of charges, abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionment
打破地区封锁和行业垄断
break regional blockades and trade monopolies
纠正行业不正之风
rectify malpractice in various trades
人才
competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists
培养跨世纪人才
bring up (foster)cross-century (trans-century) specialists
智囊团，思想库
the brain trust (think bank)
人才市场
the personnel market
劳务招聘会
a labor fair; a job fair
劳务输出
export of labor services
促进富余人员合理流动
promote a rational flow of surplus personnel
就职前及在职培训
per-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training
分流下岗人员争取再就业
redirect laid-off workers for re-employment
脱贫致富
cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out a road to prosperity
扶贫、脱贫
poverty reduction and elimination
消除两极分化、最终达到共同富裕
eliminate polarization and ultimately achieve common prosperity
扩大/缩小地区发展差距
widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/ localities in terms of development
支援灾区(灾民);救灾
provide relief to disaster-stricken areas (people)
解困基金
anti-poverty funds
解决他们的温饱问题
provide them with adequate food and clothing
科技是第一生产力
science and technology constitute the primary productive force
科教兴国战略
the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) china through science and education
加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程
accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements
达到或接近国际先进水平
reach or approach advanced international standards
赶上或超过国际先进水平
catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels
与国际接轨
be geared to international standards; be brought in line with international practice (norms)
发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业
develop animal husbandry (livestock farming), aquaculture and forestry
商品粮基地
a commodity grain production base
“菜篮子”工程
the “shopping basket” project (programme)
不准打白条
no illegitimate promissory notes (ious)
促进住房商品化
promote the commercialization of housing
取消福利分房
abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of public housing
人均住房
per-capita housing
商品房空置的现象
the vacancy problem in commercial housing
各族人民
people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)
计划生育
family planning (birth control)
育龄夫妇
couples of child-bearing age
妇幼保健
maternity and child care
加强优生、优育
improve prenatal and postnatal care
重视老龄化问题
attach great importance to the problem of population aging
发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视
develop literature, the arts, the press, publications, radio, film and television;promote literature and art, the press and publishing, radio, film and television
精兵之路
fewer but better troops
国防科技
defense-related science and technology
拥军优属
preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs.
第一/第二/第三产业
the primary/ secondary/ tertiary industry (the service sector)
国内/国民生产总值
gdp (gross domestic product)/ gnp (gross national product)
技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业
technology-intensive/ labor-intensive/ capital-intensive/ knowledge-intensive industries
经济体制改革
economic restructuring
经济转轨
switch to a market economy
经济市场化/私有化
the marketization/ privatization of the economy
使经济进一步市场化
make the economy more market-oriented
经济发展全球化的趋势
the globalization trend in economic development
对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革
to incorporate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises
股份制
the joint stock system
股份合作制
the joint stock cooperative system
谁控股?
who holds the controlling shares?
支持强强联合，实现优势互补
support association between strong enterprises so that they can take advantage of each other’s strengths
鼓励兼并，规范破产
encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures
改进产业结构和产品结构
improve the industrial pattern and product mix
振兴支柱产业
invigorate pillar industries
发展新兴产业和高技术产业
develop rising and high-tech industries
推进国民经济信息化
try to informationize the national economy
积极培育新的经济增长点
actively cultivate new points of economic growth
外向型经济/城市
an export-oriented economy/ a foreign-oriented city, an international city
经济技术开发区
an economic and technological development zone
经济特区
a special economic zone
采取市场多元化战略
adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
刺激内需
stimulate domestic demand
保持良好的增长势头
maintain the healthy (good) momentum of growth
由于资源不足，必须实施可持续发展战略
we must adopt the strategy of sustainable development owing to the limited resources.
防止经济过热
prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy)
经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺
an economic depression (slump, recession)/ an economic take-off/ an economic boom
遏制通货膨胀
curb (check, curtail) the inflation
执行通货紧缩政策
pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of deflation)
防止国有资产流失
prevent the loss (devaluation) of state assets
避免“小而全”的重复建设
avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping) construction of “small and all-inclusive projects”
规模经济
economy of scale
减轻就业压力
to ease the pressure of unemployment (the employment pressure)
防止泡沫经济
avoid a bubble economy (too many bubbles in the economy)
政企分开
separate administrative functions from enterprise management separate administration from management
厂长(经理)负责制
the factory director (manager) responsibility system
实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制
practice the system of the director-general responsibility under the leadership of board of directors (bod)
使大中型国营企业摆脱困境
extricate (free) the large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises from their predicament
技术更新/改造
technological updating/ renovation
跨地区、跨行业的企业
trans-regional and inter-trade enterprises
发展乡镇企业
expand (village and) township industries; develop rural industry
办经济实体
run economic entities
发展企业集团
develop conglomerates (enterprise groups)
关闭产品没有销路的企业
shut down (close down)the enterprises whose products have no market
亏损企业
2010年上海世博会Expo 2010 Shanghai China 世博会会徽Expo emblem 世博会徽标Expo Logo 世博会吉祥物Expo Mascot 世博会纪念品Expo Souvenir 世博园Expo Park 世博会主题Expo theme 世博园区the Expo Site 主题馆the theme pavilions 国际馆International Pavilion 主题馆Theme Pavilion 企业馆Enterprise Pavilion 中国馆China Pavilion 世博会村the Expo Village 世博中心the Expo Center 世博餐饮中心Expo Dining Center 专题讨论会symposium 志愿者volunteers 城市，让生活更美好Better city, better life.公共服务public service 信息中心the Information Center 服务中心the Service Center 急救中心the Emergency Center 世博急救中心Expo First-aid Center 国际会议中心International Convention Center 金融贸易区Finance and Trade Zone 保税区free Trade Zone 故居Former Residence of
影城Film Art Center 市中心downtown 志愿者volunteers 黄浦江the Huangpu River 商厦 Commercial Building 地标landmark 路标the road sign 公共交通public transport 红绿灯traffic lights 轻轨站the light rail station 过江隧道tunnels under the river 轮渡 ferry 专线大巴the shuttle bus 园内巴士the on-site bus 518路公共汽车站No.518bus stop 地铁站a metro station 地铁8号线Metro Line 8 停车场the parking lot 叫辆出租车hail a taxi 停车 park one’s car 旅游景点tourist attractions 游客 tourist 导游 guide 入口处entrance 外滩the Bund 豫园the Yu Garden 东方明珠the Oriental Pearl Tower 上海大剧院Shanghai Grand Theatre 金茂大厦Jinmao Tower 2
世纪大道Century Boulevard 夜游night tour 不夜城sleepless city 沧海桑田ups and downs of time 长江三角洲the Yangtze River Delta 磁悬浮列车maglev train(magnetically levitated train);magnetic suspension train 大都市metropolis;cosmopolis;metropolitan city;cosmopolitan city 东方明珠塔Oriental Pearl TV Tower 东海之滨的明珠the pearl on the coast of the East China Sea 国际展览局BIE International Bureau of Exhibitions 龙华寺Longhua Temple 外滩the Bund 信息港infoport 黄浦江游cruise along the Huangpu River 玉佛寺Jade Buddha Temple 豫园Yu Yuan Garden 金贸大厦Jinmao Tower 城隍庙Town God’s Temple
上海国际会议中心Shanghai International Convention Center(南浦，杨浦，徐浦，卢浦)大桥Nanpu/ Yangpu/ xupu/ lupu(suspension)Bridge(浦东)滨江大道Riverside Promenade 外滩观隧道Sightseeing Tunnel at the Bund(浦东)世纪公园Century Park 上海体育馆Shanghai Stadium 上海大剧院Shanghai Grand Theater 上海科技馆Shanghai Science & Technology Museum 虹口足球场Shanghai Hongkou Football Stadium 上海植物园Shanghai Botanical Garden 水族馆aquarium
2010 中口考试世博关键词精选
全球大型的非商业性博览会
a large-scale, global, non-commercial exposition 主要参展者 participants 成就和发展前景
the achievements and prospects 舞台 arena 享有……之美誉 it has been reputed 自……第一次举办（成立）以来 since its inception 中国赢得2010年世界博览会的举办权，靠的是 China owes its successful bid for the World Expo 2010 to … 时代性，独创性和普遍性
reflecting the spirit of our age, being original in concept and having universal significance 人类文明在生活空间上的结晶
a fruit of human civilization in respect of living space 为了追求美好的生活 in pursuit of a better life 与……息息相关 concern 充分展示
display … to its full extent
促进人类进步、科技创新、文化交流、共同发展
promote human progress, technological innovation, cultural exchange and common development
国际盛会
a grand international gathering 以崭新的面貌
with a brand-new outlook 向世界呈现
present to the world … 起到拉动作用 be a stimulus to 具有广泛而深远的影响
exert an extensive and far-reaching influence on …增长点 a growth fact 由于……催化作用 motivated by 电视转播权 the TV relay rights 派生收入
