关联词习题及答案详解

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关联词习题及答案详解(精选5篇)

关联词习题及答案详解 篇1

阅读下文,完成第14—18题。

锦书谁寄 东西

①人是怀旧的动物,什么消失了就怀念什么,什么消失得越快便怀念得越迅速,比如我就怀念过麦芽糖、弹弓、军衣、鞭炮、压岁钱、爱情以及白日梦……不要伤感,因为这种怀念是明摆着的,只要生活在时间的链条里,谁都逃不过去。但有些怀念却在悄悄地孕育,即使对象还没有完全消失,却已经让我怀念了。

②书信,正是这么一种值得怀念的对象。我平生收到的第一封信,是在我读小学四年级的时候。一天,老师把一封信递给我。那是来自部队的信,上面赫然写着我的乳名。我哆嗦了半天,才把信封撕开,原来信是我从未见面的表哥寄来的。他当兵了,挎驳壳枪了,所以要把这个喜讯告诉我父母,而我的父母大字不识一个,他只好让信在我这里拐一个弯。这封信被我读了一遍又一遍,然后揣在心窝子的旁边,不时地按一按,生怕它丢掉。它除了能给我走夜路壮胆之外,还使我对山外边有了大胆的设象,当时我是多么希望能像表哥那样,成为一名光荣的士兵。

③后来,我外出求学,书信成了我跟家里讨钱的惟一工具。我的信一去就是一两个月,犹如石沉大海,基本上得不到回音。于是我的思绪就跟着那封信一遍遍地走,想象它怎么到达县里、乡里、村里,再怎么到达我姐夫的手上,我姐夫又如何如何地读给我父母听……我知道不等信读完,父母的眉头早就紧锁了,他们不知道向哪里去找钱,猪还没有出栏,木耳还没长起来,鸡又发瘟了,粮食本来就不多……在我这头,信是希望,是期待,甚至是温暖;然而在我父母那一头,信也许就是钢刀,就是恐吓,就是一张张罚款单。好在我的父母都能咬紧牙齿,一次次完成我的罚款任务,才让我有了今天。所以,不是全部的信都是美好的,但却值得我去回忆,值得我去感激。

④写信最多的日子,是在初恋的岁月,我跟恋人分居两地,几乎每天一封。当看到好的小说我会在信里谈感想;当工作上稍有成绩,我会在信里大吹特吹……而她的工作和生活也是通过信件向我呈现。这样的通信常常使我没有时间概念,几天前发生的事情往往要在我收到信件的时候才知道,也就是说她经历的我也会经历一遍,已经消失的事件因为书信便存活下来。这是文字的力量,书信的力量,它让我分享喜悦,共渡难关。在当时,我几乎把文字当作最有力的工具,就像一个名人说的:书生报国无它物,惟有手中笔如刀。所以我选择写作,以为拥有了文字就是天底下最厉害的人。

⑤ 但是错了,当我像暴发户那样拥有一部砖头似的手机时,才知道一个声音的时代已经来临。你只要在手机上按下一串数字,就可以听到千里之外的呼吸,方便了,近了,世界变成村庄了。我们在“喂、啊”声中,把一切摆平,搞定,书信的仪式、期盼的心情、遥远的想象、纸上的墨香统统地被声音覆盖,说话更直接,心灵更草率,仿佛吃快餐,只为填饱肚子。再也不会有人像李白那样:“我寄愁心与明月,随风直到夜郎西”,连回味的时间都不曾空出。这几乎是集体性的叛变,哪怕我这样专门从事文字工作的人,也因为图方便,不再愿意拿起笔来写信。于是,我对书信除了抱歉就是怀念。

⑥几年前,我因为向作家叶兆言(叶圣陶之孙)约照片,收到过他的两封来信。那信是用一种特制的书画纸写成,竖式,每页八行。明明他年长于我,却在抬头处称为我兄;明明我是小辈,他却在落款处称自己为弟。这是多么谦逊的表达!暂且不说称谓,单凭那纸、那字你就感受到了一种尊重,书香之气扑面而来。也许这就是信的最后贵族,留住它便是对书信的最高尊敬。

14.怎样理解文中划线句子“不是全部的信都是美好的,但却值得我去回忆,值得我去感激”的含意?(2分)

答:

15.根据文章②③④段内容,概括书信对作者的意义。(6分)

答:

16.本文以“锦书谁寄”为题,有什么好处?请简要分析。(4分)

答:

17.文章第⑥段在全文中有什么作用?(4分)

答:

18.在文章第⑤段,作者写到“这几乎是集体性的叛变,哪怕我这样专门从事文字工作的人,也因为图方便,不再愿意拿起笔来写信”。请结合全文,分析作者的态度和情感;并结合自己的生活实际,谈谈你这一现象的看法。(7分)

答:

14.有些信件给父母带去了经济和心理的.压力,父母给予的温暖和支持值得作者感怀。

15. (1)小学四年级时,表哥的书信激发了我对未来和外界的想象,给予我勇气;(2)求学期间,书信成为我向父母求救的工具,也融入到作者的记忆和生命里;(3)恋爱期间,书信维系了我和恋人的关系,同时让我明白书信和文字的力量。

16. (1)化用诗句“云中谁寄锦书来”,显得典雅;(2)“锦书谁寄”可为“谁寄锦书”,预示当下书信作为交流媒介的衰退,(3)表达作者对书信的怀念,点明文章主题。

17.(1)内容:写出叶兆言和作者往来的书信的称谓、纸张和形式,表明作者对叶兆言的尊敬;(2)结构:收束全文,和前文写手机对作者的影响形成对比;(3)表达效果:深化文章主旨,让作者对书信的怀念显得韵味悠长。

关联词习题及答案详解 篇2

根据课文的实际内容,可以推断只有b.had found Sam’s wallet and kept it 是课文暗示的真实情况。a.had stolen Sam’s wallet 不够确切,因为课文中的意思是Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers(山姆确信那钱包是被某个村民捡到了,而不是偷走了);c.had lost Sam’s wallet 与课文的意思相反;d.had taken the wallet from Sam’s pocket 不是课文提及的内容。

2.d

根据课文所描述的情况,只有d.returned all the money 与课文事实相符,其他3个选择都与事实不符。

3.a

a.when, b.while, c.as 和 d.just as 都可以做连词,引导时间从句,表示“当„„时”,本句只能选a.在前半句是过去进行时,后半句是一般过去时的情况下,中间多用when,表示两个动作同时发生,“正当„„时”,而后3个选择引导的时间从句大都是进行时态。

4.b

本句只有选b.in 意思才讲得通。He keeps his savings in the post office.(他把存款放在邮局保管)。本句中的动词keep(存放,保管)不是表示“去向”的,所以不能选a.to(到)和d.into(进入),c.on(在„„上面)也不合乎题目意思,不能用on the post office.而应该是in the post office.(在邮局里),所以选b.5.b

本句是一个被动语态句。只有b.by 表示“被”的意思,最符合语法和题目意思。a.from , c.out of, d.of 都没有“被”的意思,所以都不对。

6.d

本句是一个特殊疑问句,针对介词in的宾语提问的,回答是A newspaper.a.where 是询问地点的;b.who 是针对主语(人)提问的;c.how 是询问状态的。这3个选择都不对。只有d.What 是对物提问的,所以选d.7.c

前一句是被动语态Some more money was sent to Sam, 后一句又换了一种说法,将原句中的间接宾语Sam变成主语,原句中的Some more money 变成了宾语,还应该用被动语态才能使两个句子意义相同。a.sent 是主动语态过去时;b.has sent 是完成时主动语态;d.had sent 是过去完成时主动语态。这3个选择都不是被动语态,因此都不对。只有c.was sent 是过去时被动语态,符合语法和题目意思,所以选c.8.b

a.coins(硬币),b.notes(纸币,钞票),c.cheques(支票),d.photographs(照片)。4个选择中只有b.notes最符合题目意思,因为本句中的wallet(夹子,钱夹)是用来放钱(钞票)的,所以选b.词意思最贴切。

9.c

a.would 是wind 的过去式,意思是“缠绕,卷” b.rolled(卷,滚);c.wrapped(包裹);d.bound(绑,缚)。从词的搭配上来讲,只有c.wrapped 词意思最贴切,最适合这个句子,其他3个选择都不符合题目意思,所以应该选c.10.b

本句需要选一个同前一句的did it contain意义相同的短语。

a.did it consist 不合乎语法,也不合乎题目意思,consist 后面应该有of,表示“由„„组成”;

c.did it include(它包括);

d.had it(它有),这3个选择都不够贴切,只有b.was there in it(里面有)最接近did it contain的含义,所以选b.11.d

a.money(钱),b.a coin(硬币),c.a cheque(支票)和d.a message(口头或书面的消息,口信,便条)这4个选择中只有d与前一句中的note(字条)意义相近,所以选d.12.b

关联词习题及答案详解 篇3

2011-03-23 13:55:32| 分类: 高考 |字号大中小 订阅

2011年高考英语定语从句考点及精品练习题(十四)

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A.which was

B.it was C.which were

D.them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是 high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):

(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A.which is

B.it is C.which are

D.them are(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A.which are

B.it is C.which is

D.them are(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A.which are

B.it is C.which is

D.them are 2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A.that

B.which C.where

D.what 【陷阱】容易误选 B,认为 around 是介词,选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital,在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤?

3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It

B.As C.That

D.What 【陷阱】容易误选 A,认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题: _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It

B.As C.That

D.What 此题答案选 A,it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。再比较下面一组题,其中第(1)题选 B,第(2)题选 D:(1)______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which

B.As C.That

D.It(2)______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which

B.As C.That

D.It 4.David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A.that

B.who

C.as

D.whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的 that,便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且,这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such … that …(如此……以至……)结构中,that 引导的是结果状语从句,并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入 such … that …,句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下:as 用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词 boy,同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能,因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导,而不用that。比较下面一题,答案为A,因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him:

David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A.that

B.who

C.as

D.whom 请再做以下试题(答案选D):

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A.like

B.that C.which

D.as 5.The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which 【陷阱】容易误选 C,用 them 代指 the buses。

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句,修饰 the buses。类似地,以下各题也选D:

(1)His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which(2)Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which 类似地,以下各题选 whom,不选 them:(4)George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that

B.him C.them

D.whom(5)Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that

B.who C.them

D.whom(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A.that

B.who C.them

D.whom 6.He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who 【陷阱】容易误选 B,用 them 代指 students。

【分析】最佳答案是A,many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and,则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A):

(1)He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that(2)He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.A.them

B.which C.what

D.that(3)He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who(4)He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.them

B.whom C.which

D.who 7.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who 【陷阱】容易误选 A,认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B,这不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语,而是一个过去分词。当然,假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were,则是一个非限制性定语从句,答案便应选A。比较:

(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选B,none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构,其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选A,none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句,注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。

(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选B,由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but,使得该句成了一个并列句。8.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 【陷阱】容易误选B,认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似,their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语,而是一个过去分词,因为 seat 作动词用时,是及物动词。比较以下相似题:

(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句,因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。

(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选A。因为句中有并列连词and,整个句子为并列句。

(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。

(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。

(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句,因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。9.If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,误这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】正确答案为D,注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句,逗号后是该状语从句的主句,that 在此代表前文所述的情况,用作主句的主语。类似地,下面几道题也选 that,而不选 which:

(1)If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A.as

B.which C.and it

D.that(2)If you want a double room, _____ will cost another £15.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that(3)Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.A.that

B.which C.and it

D.so(4)When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that 10.She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 【陷阱】容易误选B,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词 where。

【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来,若用作主语或宾语,用关系代词;若用作状语,则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语,故应用关系代词 which或that。比较下面一题,由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语,所以选关系副词when:

She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 请再做一组试题(答案均选A):

(1)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 选A,which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。

(2)Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 选A,which 在定语从句中用作主语。

(3)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.A.where

B.when C.that

D.which 选A,where 在定语从句中用作状语。◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.A.once they grew

B.they grew once C.they once grew

D.once grew 2.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.A.that

B.which C.whose time

D.by which time 3.Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A.he explained

B.what he explained C.how he explained

D.why he explained 4.Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.A.it

B.that C.this

D.which 5.When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.A.which

B.that C.whose

D.what 6.It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.A.when

B.where C.that

D.which 7.We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.A.which

B.that C.whose

D.when 8.The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely.A.spending it

B.to spend it C.to spend

D.spending that 9.The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.A.that, the place

B.it, the place C.which, where

D.what, where 10.We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.A.what

B.which C.where

D.when 11.The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.A.when

B.if C.since

D.until 12.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.A.once they grew

B.they grew once C.that once grew

D.once grew 13.You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.A.which

B.where C.that

D.when 14.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.A.which price

B.the price of which C.its price

D.the price of whose 15.What have you got _____ will help a cold? A.what

B.that C.it

D.who 16.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.A.how

B.that C.what

D.which 17.Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen? A.which

B.that C.what

D.whose 18.I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A.why

B.which C.as

D.where 19.Is this all that you need? If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.A.want

B.wanted C.had wanted

D.are wanting 20.I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.A.which

B.when C.where

D.who 21.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where

B.which C.while

D.why 22.He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.A.which I think is

B.which I think it is C.which I think it

D.I think is 23.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.A.who

B.which C.this

D.what 24.Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.A.that

B.which C.that which

D.it 25.I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.A.that

B.which C.it

D.what 26.The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A.where

B.when C.which

D.who 27.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.A.the which was what

B.what was that C.which was what

D.that was that

【答案与解析】

1.选 C。先行词是 those,可视为 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词 which。全句意为:这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。

2.选D。by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time。

3.选 A。注意不能选 D,因为动词 explained 缺宾语。4.选 D。which 指 the road map。

5.选C。from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语,修饰 efforts。

6.选B。where 引导定语从句修饰 one。注:one 在此指 a new job。类似地,下面一题的答案是C,因为one that 相当于 a problem that:

The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble.A.one

B.that C.one that

D.that one 7.选 D。先行词是表时间的 age(时代),由于关系词在定语从句中作状语,故用 when。8.选C。该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.9.选C。第一空填 which,指 the old building;第二空填 where,用以引导表语从句。10.选 C。先行词是地点名词 places,由于关系词在定语从句中作状语,故用 where。11.选A。when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。

12.选C。that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。13.选B。where 在此相当于 the place where。

14.选 B。the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句,其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it。假若空格前有并列连词 and,则可选 C。

15.选B。that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较:Have you got anything that will help a cold? 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.16.选B。the way 后不接how 引导的从句,换句说,how 不是关系代词或关系副词,不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导,在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which。

17.选D。from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语,修饰 house。

18.选 D。先行词是 many cases,关系副词 where =in which。

19.选A。尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子,但修饰everything 的定语从句(that)you want 却要用陈述语语气,因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need? 这一提问的。

20.选 D。因定语从句缺主语,且关系代词指人,故选D。21.选A。where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。22.选 A。选项中的 I think 是插入语,若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。23.选 B。of course 为插入语,若将项其去掉,则答案显然是B。24.选C。that which相当于 the problem which。25.选B。the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves。

26.选 D。先行词是 The famous basketballer(著名的篮球明星),故要用 who 来引导定语从句,因为其余三项均不用于指人。

时政测试题及答案详解 篇4

【提要】事业单位信息 : [公基]时政小测验

时政新闻是与时事政治联系在一起的新闻,是记者对党和国家在推进经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明建设中,管党治党,协调各方,依法活动的记录,是对人和事的报道。时政新闻是国家机器运行的重要组成部分,是党的`新闻宣传工作的重要表现形式。时政新闻除具有一般新闻的特点外,最为突出的是:观点立场鲜明,内容真实具体,反应迅速及时,语言简洁准确。正是基于上述特点,现在各类公考都逐渐加重对时政新闻的考察,尤其是事业单位的考试中,考察比重都在呈上升趋势。那今天我们就通过几个时政知识点来感受一下如何学习时政新闻?

例1:1月8日,中国首架( )飞机“雪鹰601”成功降落南极内陆冰盖最高点,标志中国南极航空保障能力覆盖到南极内陆地区。

A.极地固定翼

B.极地旋转翼

C.极地智能翼

D.极地滑翔翼

解析:考点:科技

答案:A

当地时间1月8日14时35分(北京时间1月8日17时35分),中国首架极地固定翼飞机“雪鹰601”成功降落在位于南极冰盖最高区域冰穹A、海拔超过4000米的昆仑站机场,并于当地时间19时50分成功从昆仑站起飞返航,实现了该类飞机世界上首次在此降落,在国际南极航空历史上具有里程碑式意义。

“雪鹰601”于当地时间9时50分从位于中山站附近的冰盖机场起飞,经过4小时45分钟1316公里的飞行后成功降落昆仑站,从出发地到降落地,海拔高度由250余米跃升到4093米。

“雪鹰601”是为中国南极科考特别是远距离内陆科考特别定制改装的机型,采用了超过数十项专门适用极地环境飞行的技术专利配置,不仅作为后勤保障平台可让科研人员和设备更快速抵达科研现场,同时飞机本身也是一个移动的“实验平台”。

第33次南极科考队领队孙波表示,从“飞越昆仑”到“降落昆仑”,实现了在南极大陆恶劣环境下的飞机业务化应用实验。“雪鹰601”的这一步跨越,标志着我国极地固定翼飞机将可能实现在南极大陆全域的“存在与抵达”。

例2:1月9日上午,国家科学技术奖励大会在北京人民大会堂举行,( )和( )共同获得2016年度国家最高科学技术奖。

A.赵忠贤 屠呦呦

B.赵冲贤 屠呦呦

C.张存浩 王小谟

D.张存浩 程开甲

解析:考点:人物 常识

答案:A

中国国家科技最高荣誉奖即国家科学技术奖设立于2000年,每年授予人数不超过2人,奖金金额500万元,截至2016年度27位获奖,今年最高科技奖终于迎来首位女科学家,屠呦呦女士,出生于1930年,浙江宁波人,中国中医科学院研究员,发现青蒿素,首位获科学类诺贝尔奖中国人,首位获国家最高科技奖女科学家,另外一位是赵忠贤,1941年出生,辽宁新民人,中科院物理所研究员,专注研究高温超导40年,两获国家自然科学一等奖,1991年当选中国科学院院士。

关联词习题及答案详解 篇5

2018云南楚雄教师考试中小学教师职业道德规范详解及习题

在云南教师招聘考试中,中小学教师职业道德规范(2008年修订版)是一个相对重要的客观题考点,但是由于部分地区考情的差异仍有考查主观题的可能,所以一般情况下要做全题型备考。无论以何种形式考查,一般都以材料题形式出现。这六条规范可以用“三爱两人一终身”来进行概括。在备考时要理解每一条所代表的含义和明确每一条所处的地位。接下来就来看一下具体知识点:

一、爱国守法——教师职业的基本要求

“爱国守法”主要包括这样两个方面的含义,即要求教师热爱祖国和遵纪守法。

第一,爱国是教师做好本职工作的支撑。热爱自己的祖国是每个中华人民共和国公民都必须履行的义务,作为老师更要不断强化自己的爱国意识,拥护党的领导,拥护社会主义,做一个忠实的爱国者。

第二,守法要求教师依法执教。同样遵守法律法规也是任何社会组织、国家机关和公民的基本义务。由于教师职业的主体性、示范性,需要要求教师成为守法的楷模,进而对受教育者的产生潜移默化的影响,为建设社会主义法治国家奠定基础。

所以,教师要全面贯彻国家教育方针,自觉遵守教育法律法规,依法履行教师职责权利,不得有违背党和国家方针政策的言行,尤其是要尊重学生的权利。

二、爱岗敬业——教师职业的本质要求

作为老师首先要对教育事业具有强烈的责任感和深厚的感情。最高要求是甘为人梯,乐于奉献;最低要求也要对工作高度负责,认真备课、上课、批改作业

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和辅导学生等。一般情况下题干出现老师能够认真遵守岗位要求,认真对待工作等体现这一条;反之如果老师出现职业倦怠等就违反这一条。

三、关爱学生——师德的灵魂

作为老师一定要尊重学生人格,平等公正对待学生,也要注意严格要求学生,做到严慈相济。同时由于教师职业的特点以及学生的身心发展特点,老师还要做学生的知己与朋友,不要出现讽刺、挖苦、歧视学生和体罚或者变相体罚学生的情况。如果在做题过程中出现老师关爱信任学生,并对学生提出了符合其身心发展的要求就体现了这一点;反之挖苦讽刺学生,甚至体罚学生就违反了这一条。

四、教书育人——教师的天职

教书育人是教师最核心的职责与任务。教书是育人的主要手段,育人是教书的根本宗旨,二者相辅相成,辩证统一。所以,教师要遵循教育规律和学生身心发展规律,实施素质教育,促进学生德、智、体、美等方面的协调发展。教书方面要重视循循善诱,诲人不倦,因材施教。育人方面要重视培养学生良好品行,激发学生创新精神,促进学生全面发展。同时不以分数作为评价学生的唯一标准。题干中如果出现老师不仅教授基础知识和基本技能,还能融入德育因素就体现这一点;反之教师只注重“五育”中的某一育就违反了这一条。

五、为人师表——教师职业的内在要求

教师劳动具有主体性和示范性,因此倡导“为人师表”就是要求教师言传身教,以身立教。“为人师表”也体现在在各个方面率先垂范,做学生的榜样。首先思想上要坚守高尚情操,知荣明耻,严于律己,以身作则;行为上要做到衣着得体,语言规范,举止文明;对待教师集体上要做到关心集体,团结协作,尊重

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同事;对待家长上要尊重家长;作风上要作风正派,廉洁奉公,自觉抵制有偿家教,不利用职务之便谋取私利。以自己的人格魅力和学识魅力教育影响学生。

因此在材料中出现老师严于律己,关心集体、尊重同事、尊重家长、抵制有偿家教等都属于遵循了这一点,反之就违背了这一点。

六、终身学习——教师专业发展的不竭动力

“终身学习”既是社会发展的要求,也是教师职业特点所决定的。教师必须树立终身学习理念,拓宽知识视野,更新知识结构。潜心钻研业务,勇于探索创新,不断提高专业素养和教育教学水平。题干中如果出现教师能够利用业余时间查阅相关资料充实自己就体现了这一点;反之老师满足现状不思进取就违背了这一点。

【练习题】

1.教师师德的灵魂是()。

A.关爱学生 B.加强修养 C.认真教学 D.提高业务水平

1.【答案】A。中公讲师解析:这道题属于简单的记忆类题目,教师师德的灵魂是关爱学生。因此选择A。

2.最美教师张丽莉在失控的汽车冲向学生时,一把推开好几个学生,自己却被车轮碾轧,造成双腿高位截肢。这最能体现《中小学教师职业道德规范》中的()。

A.爱岗敬业 B.关爱学生 C.教书育人 D.为人师表

2.【答案】B。中公讲师解析:最美教师张丽莉在遇到危险时能够挺身而出,保护学生体现了其遵守教师职业道德中“关爱学生”的要求。

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3.教师尊重家长的正确方式方法是()。A.学生犯了错误,让家长来学校惩罚学生 B.主动联系,及时沟通

C.将“调皮捣蛋”的学生交给家长,管教好了再送回来 D.让家长到学校和家长共同商量怎样体罚学生

3.【答案】B。中公讲师解析:A、C选项都有明显地责怪家长,D选项违背了教师不能体罚学生的法律规定,只有B选项才是尊重家长的方式,对于学生的教育需要家长和教师及时沟通。

4.师德修养的时代性特点需要教师()。A.随时代变化,彻底变革师德内涵 B.向西方发达国家学习,重新确立师德规范 C.与时俱进,丰富和发展中华民族的优秀师德 D.以不变应万变,守护祖国的师德传统

4.【答案】C。中公讲师解析:与时俱进,丰富和发展中华民族的优秀师德是时代发展对现代教师提出的要求。

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