如何提升托福写作框架结构

如何提升托福写作框架结构篇1

一.托福写作框架

托福写作的构思主要是指规划文章的整体框架结构，也就是我们通常说的写提纲。写提纲是为了帮助考生确定并理清自己的思维，在写中间段的时候有话可说，保证充实具体。由于考场上时间有限，考生必须在平时练就快速构思的本领，那么在托福写作中我们的思路应该怎么走呢?

二.关于写作框架的共性问题

发现在准备写作的过程中，学生的一个主要疑问就是觉得自己写的文章不够有特点，不够有意思，不够深奥。由此引发出的一个现象就是学生不敢写自己立刻就想到的，最贴近生活的内容，而总是想着如何创新。这个问题的严重性不容忽视。因为这种两难境地大到开遍布局，小到措辞举例。无处不在。最严重的结果就是学生举步维艰。

三.如何提升拓谷写作框架结构

为了解决这个问题我们不妨先来研究一下学生为什么会产生这种思维。很容易理解，大家都觉得众所周知的内容没有意思，没有新鲜感。即便是应试作文，也确实如此。如果阅卷人读完了全部文章，觉得其内容丝毫没有任何独特之处，任何道理例子都是社会评价体系重复过无数次，或者自己已经熟知的。那必然会觉得有些无聊。一旦他的这种心理被唤醒，很难说这种心理状态不会影响到最后的分数。因为人为给分机制多少都会有主观因素。

于是最直接的想法就是，对这些内容避而不谈。转而去寻求一些深奥、常人通常不懂的内容。但这样做有两个问题。其一是这样的内容应用到文章本身就很困难，要求写作的人知识有积淀，内涵有深度。这是短期培训班无法企及的目标。其二是这样的内容，若处理不当，读起来是很让人痛苦的。因为读者有可能真的不懂。

似乎这个问题到此无法圆满的解决。但其实这是一个错误两难。因为除了常识和深奥的知识，还有一类信息是我们可以用的。即，虽然很普通简单，但是阅卷人并不知道的事情或道理。例如你自己的生活经验，你的阅历体验，你的价值观念，你的喜好与厌恶等等。这些源自生活的感想和经历，说出来别人可以立刻明白，而且不会觉得枯燥无聊。因为他没有这么活过。这和写剧本或者写小说是一样的。其内容本身并没有什么晦涩难懂的，有意思的地方是，即便很平常，它也是你没接触过的生活与思维方式。这样的电影也好，小说也好，文章也好，都能够给人非常鲜活的、再活一次的体验。这样的内容给了读者一次机会去以另外一个个体的视角来审视、理解、解释世界。而这本身就像一次探险。只要有未知，自然就会唤起人们的兴趣。如果我们能充分利用这一点，写出用意思又有特点的作文并不是一件难事。

托福写作提升需要提升写作框架结构，但是不建议大家标新立异去写一些自己驾驭不了的内容。托福写作框架拟定要来源于生活，不与一些模板范文重复即可。希望大家在平时练习写作的时候能够注意这一点。

托福写作模板：社会重要问题能否在有生之年解决

题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The most important problems affecting society will be solved during my lifetime.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

Although the problems facing the world today may seem surmountable, I think that some of the most important ones will be solved during my lifetime. Even now, experts are working on solutions to live healthier lives, to provide food for the growing world population, and to equalize the difference between advanced and developing nations.

Health issues are a major concern, and the key to solving them rests in understanding how the human body works. We now have unraveled the DNA sequence, which was one of the biggest hurdles to cross. Instead of mysterious interactions between chemicals and bodies that seem to produce different results every time, medicine is turning into a black-and-white technologywhere one factor has a certain response. As we decipher the genetic code, we get better at interpreting how our bodies will react. Within my lifetime, there will probably be a cure for cancerand a method for controlling plagues. There will no longer be victims suffering from degenerative diseases or even mental illnesses.

Another major problem is how to feed the growing world population. Solutions are on the horizonfor both factors involved. One issue is producing enough food, and efficient agricultural practices such as vertical farming and hydroponics are already increasing the food generated per acre. The other factor is to get the food to people who need it. In reality, thousands of pounds of perfectly acceptable food are disposed of daily. For example, restaurants and caterers discard unused meals, and farmers with bumper crops let food rot on the vine because it cannot be sold locally.Therefore, if better agricultural practices are coupled with better storage and transportation to get the food where it is needed, the problem of feeding the world’s population is solved.

Finally, another pressing concern is the giant rift between advanced nations and developing ones. Children in one area have their own bedrooms and smart phones while children in another area are lacking the necessities of a roof, sanitary water and food, and medical care. This rift can be closed if countries work together. Businesses can locate production facilities in poor regions that will benefit from the influx of jobs. If companies subsidize schools and hospitals, they can increase the educational levels and health of their employees, creating a more efficient work force. If governments do everything possible to facilitate such programs, developing nations will have a chance to compete in the modern world.

At first, solving health problems, ensuring for food distribution, and eliminating the gap between rich and poor countries may seem impossible goals. However, I think they will be addressed during my lifetime.

to equalize the difference between A and B 去平衡 A 和 B 之间的差距

a black-and-white technology 一种黑白分明的科技

a cure for cancer 一种治疗癌症的方法

on the horizon 即将来临的,开始显现

let food rot on the vine 让食物在藤上腐烂

be coupled with X 与 X 结合

pressing concern 迫切的问题

the giant rift 巨大的裂痕

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Technology is increasing at a rapid rate, making it appear as though all the world’s problems will be solved in the next fifty years. In reality, there is no way to resolve some of the most important issues facing us today. There will continue to be wars, climate change, and pressures of a growing world population well into the foreseeable future.

To Americans sitting in a comfortable home, war is an abstract, distant thing. However, it is a devastating and very real horror to families facing persecution and displacement. Children in Yemen need surgery to mend limbs destroyed by bombs. Bolivians look away as rebels knife a government official. Thousands of Syrians live in tents in a makeshift camp because they lost their homes. These tragedies will continue because there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups. It is human nature to reach for power, so even if the conflicts are reduced in one area, war will emerge in a different area as a greedy leader tries to expand his control.

Climate change is another seemingly irrelevant problem at first glance. It is easy to say that a few degrees of change over fifty or a hundred years is not much. However, climate change is an irreversible process that has already started and will just continue to get worse. There will be more habitat loss, extinctions of species, and drastic natural disasters. Human technology may be able to reduce the damage in some areas, but it cannot return the climate to its former conditions.

One last point is the pressures of an increasing world population. As the number of people on Earth continues to rise, more pressures are placed on the planet to support those people. Even with improvements in agriculture, there will not be enough food to feed everyone. More important, there will not be enough clean water for everyone to drink. With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly. Even the common cold or flu could cause significant damage to the population in a crowded city. There is no magic cure for these problems, and a system of providing food, water, and medical care to everyone in the world is unrealistic.

Therefore, the major problems of war, climate change, and population growth will continue to exist, possibly for as long as human beings exist on Earth.

well into the foreseeable future 在可预见的未来

live in tents in a makeshift camp 住在临时搭建的帐篷里

there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups 伦理差异是无法调和的

to reach for power 获得权力

climate change is an irreversible process 气候变化是一个不可逆转的过程

drastic natural disasters 极端自然灾害，特大自然灾害

With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly 由于人们挤在一起，流行病转播的更快

托福写作模板：小学生学技术还是艺术

题目：An elementary school wants to increase the time on educating students technology (such as computers), which means that students will have less time for the study of music and art.

When it comes to spending the time on studying arts and music and the time on studying technology, which one do you think is better for elementary students?

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

I think it is important for elementary students to get a solid grounding in technology. Technology can help students learn to solve everyday problems, to interact with others, and to prepare for the working world.

First, technology is part of our everyday life, and becoming increasingly more so. If students do not know how to use computers, smart phones, and tablets, they cannot function adequately in this changing world. However, there is more to understanding technology than just typing in a question and reading the answer. Students must know how to escape from a frozen screen, remove and reset a jammed printer, and install new programs. Students who learn about technology gain the mental flexibility to solve basic problems like these. Instead of being stopped by a challenge, a technologically-aware student tries different ways to work around it. In other words, technology helps prepare a student to solve problems and face events that do not run exactly as planned.

Second, technology offers students a chance to interact with other students around the world. Through the internet, students in different countries can see each other and talk, or even collaborate on projects. This experience can bring other subjects such as geology to life because the students can talk with people their own age who are living in the place. Interaction can increase interest in skills such as learning a second language or increase awareness about history or art. Working with friends from around the world, the students gain a wider perspective and are less likely to succumb to prejudice and hatred based on race or nationality. Technology is the key to communication with others around the world.

Third, technology provides useful skills that are in demand by employers. Companies need employees who can manipulate data and operate machinery. Students who have these skills and are ready to work are more likely to be hired than students who do not. Therefore, elementary schools should help prepare students from an early age so that when they reach high school, they can operate spreadsheets, word processing programs, and specialized equipment. Students who go beyond the basics and learn to program, design, or assemble technological devices will be even more prepared to compete in the fast-paced working world.

It is essential for students to learn about technology so that they can capably solve problems, interact with others, and start preparing for the working world.

to get a solid grounding in technology 在技术方面打下坚实的基础

become increasingly more so 变得越来越是如此

the mental flexibility 思维灵活性

a technologically-aware student 一个有技术意识的学生

gain a wider perspective 获得更为广阔的视角

succumb to 屈服于,屈从于

go beyond 超出,超越

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Children need to have a well-rounded education that includes art and music. Art and music provide many skills that are foundational for further growth and development, physically, mentally, and emotionally, so they should be considered an essential part of any elementary school program.

Young children’s bodies are developing and changing very quickly. Arts can help children learn to use and control their bodies so that they can master more complex tasks in the future. For example, drawing, painting, and calligraphy require manual dexterity to control the pencil, brush, or pen. Children studying these things can learn to use their hands to complete precise tasks. Music offers another example of how children can learn to use their bodies: instruments such as flutes and woodwinds require careful control of breathing combined with fingering of keys. Arts are fun rather than repetitious, so these physical skills are acquired in an enjoyable way.

Arts can also help children improve their memory and concentration. Completing an artwork takes time, sometimes days or weeks, so children must concentrate to finish rather than justrushing on to a new activity . Scientific studies show that if you practice memorizing things such as the process of knitting or weaving, or the notes to perform a song, you can get better at memorization in the future. If children learn to focus on one project and memorize the steps needed to complete it, they will be better able to concentrate for long periods and complete difficult tasks in the future.

Finally, arts can help children develop emotionally. Arts do not have a “right” and “wrong” answer, so children can explore personal creativity. They can feel pride at accomplishing a project that is uniquely theirs. This self-esteem can give them confidence to try new activities without fear of “failing” because they made a mistake. Especially considering the pressures of the modern world, arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun. Arts provide a balance to the rigid programming of other elementary school classes such as math and spelling where it is essential to give the one correct answer.

Arts help children develop physically, mentally, and emotionally. Therefore, arts such as music, drawing, and painting are an essential part of elementary education.

a well-rounded education 全面的教育

manual dexterity 手部灵巧性

rush on to a new activity 匆忙地投入到一项新的活动

arts can help children develop emotionally 艺术可以帮助孩子发展情感

self-esteem 自尊

arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun 艺术可以成为创造美好或有趣事物的重要途径

用＂语块＂提升托福写作能力篇2

1. 词组、短语(常见的一些名词、动词、介词搭配)：

1)be preoccupied with(专注于);

2)be accustomed to(习惯于);

3)get rid of(排除);

4)run into(偶然遇见);

5)once in a while(偶尔);

6)in terms of(在…方面)

7)top priority(首要任务);

8)virtual studio(虚拟演播室)

2. 句型(构成句子的框架)：

1)Once upon a time,…(很久很久以前)

2)…as much as…(和…一样)

3)…, which…(“非限定性定语从句”)

4)…so that…(以至于)

5)There be…(“存现句”)

6)It is…that…(“强调句”)

7)It is universally acknowledged that…(众所周知…)

8)By doing…, …can…(通过做…，…可以…)

3. 成语(有典故的名词性表达，或来源于文学作品，或来源于圣经或希腊神话，或来源于老百姓长期以来的经典表述)

1)beat around the bush(绕弯子、兜圈子说话)

2)Achilles’ heel(致命的弱点)

3)an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth(以眼还眼，以牙还牙)

4)black sheep(害群之马)

5)social butterfly(交际花)

6)Catch-22 situation(二十二条军规，比如尴尬矛盾的境地)

7)Judah’s kiss(犹大之吻，比如口蜜腹剑的话语)

8)cup of tea (喜爱的人或事物)

4. 谚语+名言(劳动人民长久以来口口相传的经典语句;名人说的经典之语)

1)Old habits die hard. (江山易改本性难移)

2)Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise(塞翁失马焉知非福)

3)Getting there is half the fun.(目的虽重要，但是不要忽视过程的体验)

4)One man’s meat is another man’s poison. (青菜萝卜各有所爱)

5)Zeal without knowledge is like a runaway horse. (无知的狂热如同脱缰的野马，一发不可收拾)

6)Great minds think alike. (英雄所见略同)

7)The government of the people, by the people and for the people shall never vanish from the world. (民有的、民治的、民享的政府才会得以永恒存在下去--林肯)

8)You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright. (你知道有些鸟儿是注定不会被关在囚笼里的，他们的每一片羽毛都闪耀着自由的光辉--《阿甘正传》)

5. 常见中文的英文翻译

1)随着科技日新月异的变化：with the fast-changing development of science and technology

2)在这个高度竞争的社会里：in this highly competitive society,

3)面临新的机遇和挑战：be faced with new opportunities and challenges

4)引起了广泛的社会关注：trigger wide public concern

5)人民生活水平显著提高：the remarkable progress of people’s living standard

6)发挥日益重要的作用：play an increasing important role in

7)来自社会各个阶层的人：people from all walks of life

8)利远远大于弊：the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages

详解托福写作的无话可说解决方法和技巧

对于刚开始涉及托福备考的学生来说，在写托福文章的过程中，你会不会无话可说字数不够的情况。其实，想要解决这样的问题最好的办法，就是使用一些具体的事实、具体的例证以及具体的现象来充实文章的内容。但是，怎样让这些事例能充分围绕论点展开，达到其应有的作用呢?

对于托福考试来说，题目是公平的，绝对不会让某一专业的考生有特别的优势。所以，生一定能联想起具体细小的事情，再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的分支观点，具体细节内容变成证据。这不失为一种很好的策略。如果遇到我们一些抽象化的论点，我们就可以从想到的一些例证出发，逐步缩小范围，找到论点。

由此，当头脑出现空白时，应该将具体的、细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考变成观点，再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下工夫，从无话可说到有理可据。比如：“计算机的利与弊”这个话题，涉及到的内容就是非常的宽泛，在一时间可以让我们想到很多的分论点。但是如果我们在考虑问题的同时，想到学生玩游戏的过程，就马上会给自己带来这样的论点，学生整天呆在那里对他们的头脑是有害的(harmful to their minds)，并且浪费大量时间(waste a lot of time)。

如何提升托福写作框架结构篇3

清晰的逻辑概念

对于托福写作过程中，逻辑思维使我们首先应该关注到的一大内容。原因很简单，在初入写作的过程中，很多人习惯用中式思维的方法，想明自己该写些什么，然后用英语翻译。这样不但让语句变得然让难以理解，同时也造成了全文思维模式的混乱。

词汇的合理使用

很多考生在写作中，总是会认为高端的词汇会让自己冲击到托福的高分。所以，不断的在文章中出现一些华丽和生僻的词汇。但是，我们需要理解到的是，因为有些单词有固定搭配，而考生只是纯粹地记忆这些词汇，没有很好的了解其的使用情况或者搭配，最终文章反而有种词不达意的感觉。合理用词才能让文章真正表达出应有的意义。

客观理念的表达

托福写作中，论点的表达和论述的阐明是文章的关键环节。但是，对于新手来说，最容易犯的一个毛病就是，提出的论点过于主观，对于问题的看待不是太具体。产生了这样的问题，建议大家可以多看一些范文的写作多加参考。

托福写作：如何描述例证和细节?

托福写作细节分为两个方面，一是语言的细化，主要体现在用词的准确性上，这是需要一段时间的积累加上特别训练才能达到的。二是例子的细化，体现在描述的细致性上，要做到这一点，除了刻意加上一些人名地名，显得描写细致以外，还需要学生多看原味英语，细细体味。

例如 speed and comfort中描述坐火车的无聊时就运用了很多细节：Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution， for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day， sleep comes in snatches. At night， when you really wish to go to sleep， you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper， you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling or fumbling to find your ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.

在这段当中，几乎没有纯粹的说理，而是一直在描述一个我们感同身受的场景，细节颇多，让人一看就很有认同感。这样一种细节的堆砌无疑是很多说服力的，点滴之间，便让人信服。

托福的官方指南(official guide)里也凸显了细节的重要性。P264中给出的4分的范文充分说明了这一点。这篇文章的作者讲了一个情侣间不相互信任的故事，讲得很完整，前因后果都交待清楚。而这篇文章只有一个分论点，只举了一个例子，遣词造句都很平庸，但是拿到了4分，关键点就在于此文对细节的描写很到位。

因此我们的学生在进行托福独立写作的时候，要注意对于be more specific这一标准的把握。很多时候，细致的例子能够弥补遣词造句上的不足。

初入备考阶段提高托福作文的技巧及方法

在备考托福考试时候，很多学生对于托福考试的作文总回感觉无从吸收。特别，有时一些题目的题目对自己来说无法拓展自己的想法，不能在考试的时间里尽快的排除的逻辑思想，层层递进。那么对于我们刚开始备考的同学来时，应该注意些什么问题呢?

首先，对一个初入托福作文备考的练习的来说，不要过分的拘泥于实际的安排。在托福的备考中，当然时间和效率都是非常成功的。但是，如果对于托福作文来说，如果没有先求速度再求速度，那么这样的文章就一定不会提她哦。所以，建议大家在练习中反复收集词汇和语句的累计，有了良好的写作习惯，写作速度自然会有明显提升。

其次，对于托福备考的学生来说，除了是用托福写作模板之外，使用范文的对比自己的写作也是会有很到帮助的。在托福写作的过程中，我们不仅仅要将一些文章内容作为摘抄，快速建立起自己的模板，同时也要将自己的文章和经典文章做好对比。找到自己的缺点和差异，快速弥补自己的不足。

如何提升托福写作框架结构篇4

1、因果解释型论证体系：现象引出→原因分析→结果分析

Currently, 抽象事物 has loomed up wide public concern. What amazes us most is that具体事物. (→趋势化) It is true that the trend of this is seemingly on the rise in all walks of life. (→原因解释化) We may cite a variety of reasons accounting for this. The major ones can be listed as follows.

First and foremost, _____ play a pushing role.

In addition, ______.

Last but not least, _____.

(→结果化) As a consequence, _____.

2、问题解决型论证体系：描述现状→建议措施

With the advancement of modern society, __has become a social problem of public concern. meanwhile, it has given rise to a series of other matters, such as A and B. So it is high time we put an immediate end to this “Pandora’s Box”. It is true that awareness of the problem is the first step toward the solution. As is known to all, we have figured out several efficacious steps to tackle this problem.

In the first place, ___. In the second place, ___.In the third place, ____. Therefore, only in this way can we ___.

3、观点论证型论证体系：含义揭示→含义解析

As a human being, one can hardly do without _____. Living in the society, no one can deny that it is ____ that enables us to ___. Consequently, in this modern society where ____, ____ has been regarded as a necessity for ____. As to what ___ means, my opinions/definitions are as follows. First of all, ____. What really counts, in my mind, is that ______. Lastly, _____.

In conclusion, based on the reasons I discussed above,(please rewrite the first paragraph in another way). . .

托福写作解析:怎么让新生适应学校生活

全新托福独立写作题目：

你的大学要让新生了解、适应学校生活。新生有两个选择：

1.attending a one-week orientation orintroduction program when you are in the university campus, and it will beginbefore you have the classes;

2.meeting regularly in your first yearwith a student in your major field who has entered the university for severalyears.

这是一道典型的校园类话题，相对来说比较容易。如果选择第2个选项，可以写的理由是：

1.学长学姐更有经验，可以定期交流学习和课外活动等方面的经验;

2.学长学姐可以提供选择的专业相关的信息，比如选什么课，如何为未来的职业做好准备;

3.虽然orientation在开学之前，但是熟悉适应的时间很短，只有一周时间，了解不深入

最新托福独立写作题目回忆版本二：

in order to make freshmen adapt to college life, which one is more helpful?

1.take part in the orientation program for a week;

2.meet regularly with seniors in the same major

写作思路：

本次综合写作以及独立写作难度中等。

选择二：1. 学长学姐们对环境更熟悉，可以有针对性地给新生提出生活方面的指导和建议2.定期见面可以及时了解问题，解决问题

让步段：新生见面会会促进大家建立关系

Key sentences:

1. Seniors are more familiar with the surroundings and thus more likely to provide useful advice for them.

2. The problems freshmen are faced with can be tackled effectively and timely through regular meeting.

Certainly, the orientation program can promote the establishment of close relationship among freshmen.

key words & phrase

be beneficial / conducive to, Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions

and avoid unfavorable ones, Take the essence and discard the dregs.

最新托福独立写作题目回忆版本三：

现在的很多大学为了让学生尽早适应校园生活采取了很多种方法如果你是即将入学的一名大学生你认为下列的哪种方式最为合适。

1. attending a one-week orientation or introduction program when you are in the university campus, and it will begin before you have the classes.

2. Meeting regularly at your first year with a student in your major field who has entered the university for several years.

托福写作模板:不同话题经典模板句式

托福写作模板：不同话题经典模板句式

1 We may cite a common example of

2 A general /recent survey /investigation conducted by officials/ scientists indicates /reveals/ suggests that

比较

1 Although the commonly-accepted belief/ idea is that X.X.X, a current/ recent study/ survey indicates that

2 It is true that X.X.X, but it does not mean that

原因

1 The reasons/ causes for X.X.X are varied/ complicated and perhaps (probably) that they lie in the fact

2 Another contributing factor/ cause of X.X.X is that

开头

1 There is a general/ public debate/ discussion nowadays on/ over the X.X.X. Those who criticize/ object to X.X.X argue that

2 They believe that X.X.X, however, people who advocate/ favor X.X.X argue that

结果

1 As it turns out / Indisputably/Accordingly

2 Considering all the factors above, we may safely draw the conclusion that

托福写作模板:结尾段模板

In summary, the conclusion reached in this argument is in valid and misleading. To make the argument more convincing, the arguer would have to prove that_____. Moreover, I would suspend my judgment about the credibility of the recommendation until the arguer can provide concrete evidence that_____. Otherwise, the arguer is simply begging the question throughout the argument.

To conclude, the argument is not persuasive as it stands. Before we accept the conclusion, the arguer must present more facts that_____. To solidify the argument, the arguer would have to produce more evidence concerning____.

As it stands, the argument is not well reasoned. To make it logically acceptable, the arguer would have to demonstrate that ____. Additionally, the arguer must provide evidence to _____.

To sum up, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To strengthen the argument the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning that_____.

In conclusion, the arguer fails to _____. To strengthen the argument, the arguer would have to provide evidence that____. To better evaluate the argument, we need more information about that____.

托福写作模板:中间段写作

托福写作模板：中间段写作模板

First, the argument is based on a false analogy. The arguer simply assumes that____, but he does not provide any evidence that_____.

Second, the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if____, it does not follow that____。

Besides, the arguer does not provide any solid information concerning that____.

Actually, the arguer’s recommendation of _____would most probably turns out to be ineffective and misleading.

In the first place, the arguer fails to take into account the ____factors in the analysis. While we are informed that _____, the arguer fails to make clear that____.

In the second place, the comparison in this argument is incomplete and selective, the arguer discovers that ____. However the arguer fails to provide any information regarding ____.

Furthermore ____.

Unless the arguer also takes these factors into consideration, the comparison is unconvincing.

First of all, the argument is based on a hasty generalization. According to the cited studies, ____. The fact tells very little about _____. Even if we accept the arguer’s assumption that_____, it is unwarranted to assume that_____.

In addition, the arguer fails to consider several other relevant factors that____. For instance, _____.

What’ s more,______.

Finally, the arguer hints that_____, but he fails to analyze that_____.

The major problem with this argument is that the arguer fails to convince us that _____. First, the fact that ____does indicate that____. Second, _____, which makes it impossible for us to evaluate that____

Another point worth considering is the arguer’s hasty generalization. We are informed that____, but we do not know that_____. We can believe that ____, but based on this slim information, we can never evaluate the overall performance of discount.

One major assumption in short of legitimacy is that_____. First, ____. Second, _____. This may prove misleading and counterproductive in the end.

如何写好托福作文之托福独立写作篇5

范文：

In recent years, NASA has several exciting discoveries in universe, such as the clear picture of Pluto, earth-likeplanet Kepler 452b and the existence of liquid water on Mars. While astronomy lovers are celebrating the groundbreaking findings, some people doubt whether the huge budgets on outer space exploration is well spent, especially when there is news about children from poor families dropping out of school and dying patients failing to afford the expensive medical treatment. From my pointof view, no matter how enormous the expenditures can be, the government investment in space exploration is imperative, viewing from both short term and long term.

In the long run, in consideration of the depletion of natural resources on earth, to find other planets, either as resources suppliers or new dwelling places, should be on agenda. It is a seemingly irreversible tendency that the total population on earth will constantly grow, though might be at a slowing rate. Also, the ever progress of economy and improvement of people’s living standard will exacerbate the consumption of natural resources, including fossil fuels and various metals. However, the total storage of natural resources on earth is limited, and some day in future, we have to face the doom that the resources will run out. Before that, measures should be taken so that human civilization will survive. In a word, the predictable future of earth proves the necessities of outer space exploration, and this is exactly what a responsible government with far sight should do.

In the short term, the further advancement of satellite in space actually generates immediate benefits for the general public. The past a few decades have witnessed the galloping pace of launching satellite of many governments. Mainly, those satellites serve in the field of communication, military, scientific researches, etc. In the domain of communication, with them functioning as bridges connecting the world, people can have phone calls, whether they are standing in the center of desert or drifting on the sea. In terms of military and scientific researches, they are like the “super eyes” helping people monitor the earth. For example, many satellites are responsible to collect the date of buoys floating on the ocean, allowing scientists to closely monitor the movement of ocean currents and study the influences of global warming on earth.

In a nutshell, owing to its benefits on people, be they immediate or far-reaching, governments’ huge expenditure in space exploration is indispensable.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is a waste of money for a government to fund space travel or space exploration.

作者:Cindy

如何提升托福写作框架结构篇6

范文：

In a nutshell, owing to its benefits on people, be they immediate or far-reaching, governments’ huge expenditure in space exploration is indispensable.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is a waste of money for a government to fund space travel or space exploration.

作者:Cindy

公众号:英文写作素材

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