中秋节的来源英文版(共9篇)
Origin
Origin 起因:The ICD had its origin in the World Conference for the Wellbeingof Children(世界儿童福利大会)in Geneva, Switzerland in 1925. 1925年在瑞士日内瓦召开的关于儿童福利的国际会议上,首次提出了“国际儿童节”的概念。It is not clear as to(关于)why June 1 was chosen as the ICD:one theory has it that the Chinese consul-general总领事 in San Francisco (USA) gathered a number of Chinese orphans to celebrate theDragon Boat Festival(端午节)in 1925, which happened to be on June 1 that year, and also coincided with the conference in Geneva.
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According to the latest Webster's New World College Dictionary (Sapir 99-100) , "Idiom is a phrase, construction or expression that is recognized as a unit in the usage of a given language and either differs from the usual syntactic patterns or has a meaning that differs from the literal meaning of its parts taken together".The definition shows that idioms are a number of words which, put together, mean that are different from the individual words of the idioms when they are alone.
2 On Cultural Differences between English and Chinese from Idioms Origins
2.1 Different living circumstance
Environment including geographical position, climate, ecological condition is something that plays contributory role in the formation of a culture.
2.1.1 Geographical environment
Britain is an island country.People who live along seacoast and whose livelihood is dependent on the sea will have idioms about water, sailing, island and fish.For example, we speak in Chinese挥金如土, but we should render it into English as"spend money like water".There are a lot of English idioms about ship, water and fish:"as close as an oyster" (守口如瓶) , "sail under false colors" (欺世盗名) .
On the other hand, the Han People live on land, they belong to an agrarian society that places agricultural production at the top of the national agenda, During the long history of farming, the Chinese language has accumulated large numbers of farmers'idioms, like二人同心, 黄土变金 (When two people are of the same mind, even clay may be changed into gold) , 上无片瓦, 下无寸土 (as poor as a church mouse) .
2.1.2 Climate
Britain is located in western hemisphere, with North Temperate Zone and marine climate, so"west wind"is the symbol of spring.So Britain abounds in rain can be proved in some idioms concerning rain:"to make hay while the sun shines" (趁热打铁) "rainy day" (穷困时期) , "to rain or shine" (无论如何) , etc.
In Chinese culture, "east wind"is"the wind of spring"spring is warm and colorful, and it is regarded as the beginning of all lives.There are many idioms in China, which refer to spring:春暖花开 (in warm spring, all the blossoms are in ful bloom.) , 一年之计在于春 (the whole year's work consists in a good start in spring
2.2 Different historical allusion
Different countries possess different history culture, which mainly comprises allusion, myths, poems, ancient books and records, etc.
2.2.1 Historical events
Many Chinese idioms are from historical events which are well-known by Chinese people.For instance, 风声鹤唳, 草木皆兵 (be in an extremely nervous state in which one is frightened by the slightest sound) is from the defeat of Fu Jian's (苻坚) army a Feishui River during the East Jin Dynasty;卧薪尝胆 (to sleep on brushwood and taste gall---to undergo self-imposed hardships so as to strengthen one's resolve to wipe out a national humiliation) comes from The Historical Records Yue's State Emperor Gou Jian's Noble Family (《史记·越王勾践世家》)
English language has much less idioms from historica events than the Chinese language, but there are still some, for example, "to meet one's Waterloo" (一败涂地) is from the defea of Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815, which means to be completely defeated;The idiom"Dunkirk evacuation" (敦刻尔克撤退) comes from the Second World War and originally meant the retreat o the English-French troops forced by the German.
2.2.2 Fables and mythologies
Most English allusions come from the Bible and the Greek Roman Myth.Let's take a glance at the following idioms:"A Pandora's box" (潘多拉之盒) which means the origin of all evils is also from Greek mythology and"Penelope's web" (铂涅罗铂的织物, 指永远做不完的工作) , Greek mythology, refers to work never ends.
Most of the following Chinese idioms are from Chinese historical works and ancient fables and fairy tales.They are vivid with profound meanings.For example:拔苗助长:try to help seeding grow by pulling them---spoil things by undue haste;囫囵吞枣:swallow a date wholly without chewing or tasting it---uncritical acceptance without real comprehension of what one reads or studies.
2.2.3 Literary works
In English literature, Shakespeare plays a very importan role;his dramas are the major source of this kind:"applaud one to the echo" (掌声雷动) , "die in harness" (因公殉职) , come from Macbeth;"to claim one's pound of flesh" (割某人的一磅肉) are from The Merchant of Venice.
Chinese idioms like精卫填海 (the mythical bird trying to fil up the sea with pebbles, a person with strong will) and机关算尽太聪明, 反算了卿卿性命 (too much cunning in plotting and scheming is the cause of her own undoing are from《山海经》and《红楼梦》
2.3 Different religions and beliefs
China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism has a greater influence in Chinese culture.The large number of words and idioms derived from Buddhism is one of the manifestations o its influence, such as半路出家 (switch to a new trade withou solid foundation) , 放下屠刀, 立地成佛 (A butcher becomes a Buddha the moment he drops his cleaver---a wrongdoer achieves salvation as soon as he gives up evil) .
In contrast to the Chinese, most of the westerners are Christians, who believe that the world was created by God, and tha everything in the world is arranged and disposed of according to God's will.Therefore, numerous idioms have come into people's colloquial speech:"God helps those who help themselves" (自助者天助) , "old Adam" (本性的罪恶) .
2.4 Different traditions and custom
Culture is long acquired from customs and habits.These customs and habits are representative of the way of living of a certain speech community and they are mirrored in the habitua speaking of the language.
2.4.1 Food and cooking
Food is one of the aspects of cultural tradition that are reflected in English idioms.Bread and butter are usual kind of food in daily meals."to earn one a bread"means"to make a living"."To butter both sides of one's bread may"to butter both sides of one's bread"is used to mean"to obtain an comfortable living".
In China, most of the areas especially the south grow rice so many idioms have to do with rice:巧妇难为无米之炊 (Even the cleverest housewife can't cook a meal without rice) , 不当家不知柴米贵 (He who takes charge knows the responsibility) .
2.4.2 Animals
English people have a high opinion of the dog and think a dog to be a faithful friend, thus there are many canine idioms in English, most of which have a commendatory sense such as"clever dog"---clever boy or clever guy;"to help a lame dog over a stile"---to help a person in trouble.
However, In China, people often despise such an animal therefore, a dog is usually associated with a derogatory sense:狗血喷头 (a torrent of abuse) , 狗眼看人低 (be damned snobbish) .
Another case in this point is dragon.Chinese people admire and worship this imagined animal.It is the symbol of the Chinese nation.But in English, when seeing this word in English, people always think of cruelty, devilishness and viciousness.But Chinese idioms such as望子成龙, 龙子龙孙, 龙凤呈祥express Chinese people's appreciation and love to dragon.
3 Conclusion
There are many lively, important, and interesting examples of idioms to help us understand Western cultures and develop their communicative abilities.In the course of foreign language learning, we are supposed to master the language and the habitual pattern of thinking as we do in our native language.We are encouraged to go further understand the cultural phenomenon o the foreign language better and also understand our native language better through contrast.It can help us to get rid of the big barrier to understanding the original English and Chinese literature.
参考文献
[1] Sapir, Edward.Language[M].New York:Harcout, Brace, 1921.
[2] Smith, Logn P. Words and Idioms[M]. London: Constable and Company Ltd., 1943.
[3] 江瑞.从文化视角看英汉习语的差异[J].山西教育学院学报, 2000, 12 (3) :110.
[4] 朱丽玲.从英语习语和汉语成语看民族文化差异[J].益阳师 专学报, 2000, 1 (21) :99.
[5] 庄和诚.英语习语探源[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2002.
[6] 陶三琴.中英习语对比[D].苏州大学, 2002:23.
中秋节的来源
说起中秋的来源,坊间一直流传着多个不同的传说和神话故事。其中就有嫦蛾奔月、朱元璋月饼起义、唐明皇游月宫等故事。
最为人熟悉当然是嫦娥奔月,嫦娥偷了丈夫后羿的不死仙丹,飞奔到月宫的故事也有多个版本。在较早的记载中,嫦娥偷吃了仙药,变成了癞蛤蟆,被叫着月精。
奔月后,嫦娥住的月宫其实是一个寂寞的地方,除了一棵桂树和一只兔子,就别无他物。可是又有另一个说法是,在月宫里还有一个叫吴刚的人。
唐明皇游月宫,话说贵为天子的唐明皇对嫦娥非常的迷恋。一天他上了月宫,在月宫里看到了一只玉兔和一群能歌善舞的仙女。
朱元璋成功蒙古人,建立明朝,在民间的传说中是赖月饼作为通讯工具。朱元璋带头取义,把字条塞在每个月饼馅里,呼唤众人依时起义。
中秋节的起源,其中的一个说法是:农历八月十五这一天恰好是稻子成熟的时刻,各家都拜土地神。中秋可能就是秋报的遗俗。
中秋夜,除了拜祭、还有就是应节的月饼和灯笼。祭拜的当然是在天上的嫦娥,也有人称她为月娘。老人家说,小孩子不可以用手指指月亮,要不然会被割耳朵
时至今天,中秋的原意也已经没有多少人知道,对于新的一代来说,中秋节最令人记取的是月饼和灯笼。当然,月圆当空的节日,是人们团圆的大好日子。
中秋节祝福语
1.中秋节至,为你送上一轮多功能圆月,助你把成功跨“月”,把烦恼穿“月”,让心情喜“月”,将快乐翻“月”,和幸福一起吟风弄“月”!祝君阖家安康!
2.八月十五夜,明月流连人间;美酒果蔬月饼,映照幸福笑脸。贴心问候,中秋情谊洒遍;真诚祝福,合家快乐团圆。愿我的中秋祝福让你心头一暖笑开颜!
3.中秋转发短信,短信传递问候,文字释放温情,祝亲爱的顾客日快乐,月快乐,天天快乐,早顺利,晚顺利,时时顺利!
4.月儿圆圆是家乡的源泉,股股甘甜把梦实现;月儿弯弯是思想的客船,载着游子把梦寻遍。愿天下有梦的人中秋节梦圆!
5.中秋临近百花放,一条信息带六香,一香送你贵人扶,二香送你摇钱树,三香送你万事好,四香送你没烦恼,五香送你福满筐,六香送你合家欢!
6.打开一个新的页面,输写合作的华美篇章,金秋的收获都记在上面,中秋的祝福都在心中,值此中秋佳节到来之际,公司对您的大力支持深表谢意,祝您中秋节日快乐,合家团圆!
7.丹桂飘香中秋到,花好月圆心情妙;合家欢乐大团圆,其乐融融聚一堂;品茶赏花乐无穷,遐想无穷人陶醉;举杯望月心欢喜,欢歌笑语乐逍遥;吃口月饼福运长,送份祝福情谊浓;祝愿你中秋快乐,幸福如意笑开颜!
8.中秋节到,吉祥照耀。金桂飘香,明月皎皎。花好月圆,团圆美好。秋色怡人,好运福罩。短信一条,请君收好。佳节快乐,步步登高!
9.九天云外,明月千里寄关怀;奔波在外,心未远离故土在;借酒遥祝,汗珠都把金条换;中秋将至,同一个月亮下,欢声笑语同在。愿你幸福安康,快乐开怀!
10.中秋节到了,别忘和家人一起畅饮快乐月光酒,品尝好运桂花饼,倾听团圆海潮曲,观赏平安枫叶舞,享受幸福好日子,收看朋友祝福信:中秋快乐!
中秋节的传说
相传,远古的时候,天上出现了十个太阳,烤得大地冒烟,海水枯竭,老百姓眼看无法再生活下去。这件事惊动了一个叫后羿的英雄,他登上昆仑山顶,远足神力,拉开神弓,一口气下了九个多余的太阳,解救百姓于水火这中。不久,后羿娶了个美丽的妻子,叫嫦娥。
一天,后羿到昆仑山访友求道,巧遇由此经过的王母娘娘,便向王母娘娘求得一包不死药,据说服下此药,能即刻升天成仙,然而,后羿舍不得扔下妻子,只好将不死药交给嫦娥珍藏。
不料,此事被后羿的门客蓬蒙看见,蓬蒙等后羿外出后便威逼嫦娥交出不死药,嫦娥知道不是蓬蒙的对手,危急之时当机立断,取出不死药一口吞了下去。嫦娥吞下药后,身体立刻飞离地面,向天上飞去,由于嫦娥牵挂丈夫,便飞落到离人间最近的月亮上成了仙。
后羿回来后,侍女们哭诉了一切。悲痛欲绝的后异,仰望夜空呼唤爱妻的名字,这时,她惊奇地发现,今天晚上的月亮特别圆,特别皎洁明亮,而且有个晃动的身影酷似嫦娥。后羿忙命人摆上香案,放上嫦娥最爱吃的蜜食鲜果,遥祭在月宫里的嫦娥。百姓们闻知嫦娥奔月成仙的肖息后,纷纷在月下摆上香案,向善良的嫦九祈求吉祥平安。从此,中秋节拜月的风俗在民间传开了。
(一)嫦娥奔月据说远在四千多年前,有穷国的国王后羿,勇武善射,但生性暴戾,不体恤民间疾苦,弄得民不聊生。后羿想长生不老,从昆仑山找来长生之药,准备择日吞药,此事为嫦娥得知,为体恤子民,免于后羿长期残暴统治,乃先将此药吃下,突然身轻如燕,飘飘然向月宫腾空飞去,后羿发现,以箭射嫦娥,嫦娥进入广寒宫,成了月神,称为“明月之神”或“太阴娘娘”。
(二)推翻元朝相传,元末,中原人民不甘受其元的残暴统治,爱国之士纷纷奋起抗元,朱洪武的军师刘伯温要属下扮道士到各县卖符,并称:今年天将降灾,要避灾者可于八月十五日悬挂日月旗,旗将藏于大月饼中。到了这天,各地民众都切大月饼,将其中所藏的旗挂起来,起义声势大振,元人大为吃惊,朱洪武就一击成功,结束了元朝的统治。后来,这种日月旗就是“明”旗。另外类似的传说是月饼内藏一条纸,内写“八月十五夜杀鞑虏”,大家切月饼时看到这一张纸,就纷纷奋起把鞑虏杀了,元朝就被推翻了。
根据我国的历法,农历八月在秋季中间,为秋季的第二个月,成为“仲秋”,因为与上古祭月的礼仪有关,中秋又是“祭月节”。它源于远古人类对自然的崇拜。古代帝王的礼制中有春秋二祭:春祭日,秋祭月。最初祭月的日子在“秋分”这一天“秋分”这个节气在八月内,日期每年不同,所以秋分这一天不一定有月亮,祭月无月是大杀风景的,逐渐俗随时成,祭月的日子固定在八月十五日。而八月十五又在“仲秋”之中,所以称“中秋节”。中秋一词始见于《周礼》:“中春昼,鼓击士鼓吹 雅以迎暑;中秋夜迎寒亦如云。”
中秋节有许多别称:因节期在八月十五,所以称“八月节”
“八月半”或”八月十五”;“天下春朝日,秋夕月。朝日以朝,夕月以夕。”(《礼记》)所以又俗称“月节”、“月夕”。关于“团圆节”的记载最早见于明代,《西湖游览志余》中说:“八月十五谓中秋,民间以月饼相送,取团圆之意”。《帝京景物略》中也说:“八月十五祭月,其饼必圆,分瓜必牙错,瓣刻如莲花。……其有妇归宁者,是日必返夫家,曰团圆节”。从时令上说,中秋是“秋收节”,春播夏种的谷物到了秋天就该收获了,自古人们便在这个季节饮酒舞蹈,庆祝丰收,这在我国最早的诗歌总集《诗经》中就有描绘。
(二)历史演变
中秋节的起源于古代秋祀、拜月习俗有关。先秦时代,即有帝王春天祭日,秋天祭月的祀制。《礼记》记载“秋暮夕月”,即祭拜月神。到了周代,每逢中秋夜都要举行迎寒和祭月。之后历代帝王都沿袭此俗。北京的“月坛”就是明嘉靖年间为皇帝祭月修造的。我国各地至今也遗存着许多“拜月坛”、“拜月亭”、“望月楼”等古迹。
北宋时中秋节以爬山登楼先睹明月为快,然后举行拜月仪式,供品有圆饼。解释上“中秋节前,诸店皆卖新酒,贵家结饰台榭,民家争占酒楼玩月,笙歌远闻千里,嬉戏连坐至晓”(《东京梦华录》卷八)。吴自牧(约1270前后在世)的《梦梁录》卷四也记载,南宋人家多于此日安排家购买酒菜来欢度中秋。金盈之(约1126年前后在世)的《新编醉翁谈录》卷四则记载了当时人由赏月进而拜月的习俗:“京师赏月之会,异于他郡。倾城人家,不以贫富,能自行者至十二三,皆以成人之服饰之。登楼或于庭中焚香拜月,各有所朝。男则愿早步蟾宫,高攀仙桂……女则愿貌似嫦娥,圆如洁月”。
除了团员、娱乐、拜月之外,还有赏灯的风俗。周密(1232-13)的《武林旧事》卷三记载杭州中秋夜:“灯烛华灿,竟夕乃止”。是夕,人家有赏月之举,或携湖海,沿游彻晓。苏堤之上,联袂踏歌,无异白日。并在江上施放万盏“小点红”(小羊皮灯),灿如繁星,十分引人注目。据说水灯是为讨江神喜欢,并非纯粹为了观赏。并且宋朝起,在杭州钱塘观潮,也成为一中秋节习俗内容。
元朝虽已异族入住为主,但所受汉化甚深。节日习俗也打扮沿袭汉人旧制。
到了明朝,中秋节已于元旦齐名(古时候称春节为元旦)。赏月、祭月、吃月饼的风俗大盛。田汝成(约1540年前后在世)的《西湖游览志余》“熙朝乐事”记载明人多于中秋节以月饼相馈赠,取其圆形的“团圆”之意。夜晚则设赏月之宴,或携带酒食至湖海之畔游赏。
至于明人赏月的盛会,张岱(1597――1671年?)以其生花妙笔,为我们作了极其风雅的记述(《陶庵梦忆》卷五的“虎邱中秋夜”):
虎邱八月半,土著、流寓、士夫、眷属、女乐、声伎、曲中名伎、戏婆、民间少妇、好女、崽子、娈童及游冶恶少、清客、帮闲、家童、走空之辈,无不麟集。自生公台、千人石、剑池、申文定祠、下至试剑石一二山门,皆毡席地坐,登高望之,如雁落平沙,霞光江上。天暝,月上,鼓吹十百处,大吹大擂,渔阳参挝,动地翻天,雷轰鼎沸,呼叫不闻。更定,鼓铙渐歇,丝管繁兴,杂以歌唱。
晚明文人的生活情趣,从这则“虎邸中秋夜”能略窥一二。
刘侗、于奕正合著的《帝京景物略》(1635年)卷之二则详细描述了中秋祭月的贡品:“八月十五日祭月,其祭果饼必需;瓜分必牙错瓣刻之,如莲华纸肆市月光纸。
明人拜月时用的“月光纸”,到了清朝,改了个名字叫“月光马儿”,就是纸神马。
清宫有祭(供)月习俗。祭月的地点在御花园。院内东向立一架屏风,屏风良策摆有鸡冠花、毛豆枝和鲜藕;屏风前设有一张八仙桌,供桌上摆月宫符像,还要一个直径五十五公分、十斤重的大月饼。月饼上印有“郁仪宫”字样及玉兔捣药团。大月饼左右各摆一三斤重的月饼,摆各样小月饼数盘,摆酒、茶数盅。供桌上还要摆应时鲜花和应时鲜果。月供摆毕,燃香。皇帝、皇后等人依次对月光神码行礼。香尽,焚月光神码,撤贡品。将十斤重大月饼精心包装,储至当年除夕夜,全家分吃,谓之“吃团圆饼”。三斤重大月饼切成数块,连同小月饼、“莲花团圆瓜”、鲜果等分赐妃嫔、文武廷臣、太监及宫女等人。
然后是丰盛的合家宴会。清代许多地方还形成烧斗香、走月亮、方天灯、树中秋、点灯塔、曳石等地方习俗。
总之,中秋团圆、赏月及吃月饼之俗,由来已久。随着不断增添新的内容,这个富有民族特色的传统节日,流传至今,盛行不衰。
Dear friends and colleagues,We have been fortunate this year to have the Mid-autumn day festival and National Day holiday occurring together.As the Mid-autumn day festival is a time for family and friends, and to show our friendship and appreciation to you, we would like to give you some moon cake as a traditional gift for this special occasion.Please feel free to collect your gift from my office or the foreign teacher’s building.Everyone in the Office of International Cooperation and Exchange would like to wish you and yours a happy holiday and a safe journey if you’re planning a trip during this time.I would also like to add personal thanks for your hard work and best wishes to you during the coming festival.愿你每一天都像十五的月亮一样成功圆满。
(I hope your days are like the full moon on the Mid-Autumn, which represents great success.)
Warm regards,
《The Moon 月 》
Thy beauty haunts me heart and soul.
Oh your fair Moon,so close and bright;
Thy beauty makes me like the child,
That cries aloud to own thy light:
The little child that lifts each arm
To press thee to her bosom warm.
Though there are birds that sing this night
With thy white beams across their throats,
Let my deep silence speak for me
More than for them their sweetest notes:
Who worships thee till music fails
Is greater than thy nightingales.
意思是:
你的美萦绕我的心魂。
噢,你这美妙的月儿呀,如此地真切而明澈。
你的美丽让我喜欢上了那个
欢叫着去捕捉你的光芒的孩子:
那小家伙张开双臂,
将你拥入她温暖的怀中。
今夜虽然也有鸟儿放声歌唱,
你洁白的.清辉浸润着它们的歌喉,
而我以深深的沉默来表达心声,
比那最委婉的吟唱蕴含更深:
若有人对你的热忱连音乐都难以传达,
此人对你的激情远胜于那些夜莺。
《太常引》
一轮秋影转金波,飞镜又重磨。
把酒问姮娥:被白发欺人奈何!
乘风好去,长空万里,
直下看山河。斫去桂婆娑。人道是清光更多。
“Now primer”
(SONG) Xin Qiji
A video autumn to Jinbo, and re-mirror grinding.
Wine Q Heng-e: The hair deceptive regrettable!
Good to Feng, the sky Wanli,
Occurring Directly Beneath Big see mountains and rivers. To use GUI theater. Yes-more-humane.
1,人逢喜事尤其乐,月到中秋分外明。 People on every occasion, especially on Mid-Autumn festival particularly bright.
2,几处笙歌留朗月,万家箫管乐中秋。 Several strike stay long, xiao wind Mid-Autumn festival.
3,地得清秋一半好,窗含明月十分圆。 To better half clear autumn, window containing the moon is round
中秋节的来历英语(双语版)
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, usually in October in Gregorian calendar.
每年农历八月十五日,是传统的中秋佳节。这时是一年秋季的中期,所以被称为中秋。
The festival has a long history. In ancient China, emperors followed the rite of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and to the moon in autumn. Historical books of the Zhou Dynasty had had the word “Mid-Autumn”. Later aristocrats and literary figures helped expand the ceremony to common people. They enjoyed the full, bright moon on that day, worshipped it and expressed their thoughts and feelings under it. By the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the Mid-Autumn Festival had been fixed, which became even grander in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). In the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties, it grew to be a major festival of China.
中秋节有悠久的历史,和其它传统节日一样,也是慢慢发展形成的,古代帝王有春天祭日,秋天祭月的礼制,早在《周礼》一书中,已有“中秋”一词的记载。后来贵族和文人学士也仿效起来,在中秋时节,对着天上又亮又圆一轮皓月,观赏祭拜,寄托情怀,这种习俗就这样传到民间,形成一个传统的活动,一直到了唐代,这种祭月的风俗更为人们重视,中秋节才成为固定的节日,《唐书·太宗记》记载有“八月十五中秋节”,这个节日盛行于宋朝,至明清时,已与元旦齐名,成为我国的主要节日之一。
Folklore about the origin of the festival go like this: In remote antiquity, there were ten suns rising in the sky, which scorched all crops and drove people into dire poverty. A hero named Hou Yi was much worried about this, he ascended to the top of the Kunlun Mountain and, directing his superhuman strength to full extent, drew his extraordinary bow and shot down the nine superfluous suns one after another. He also ordered the last sun to rise and set according to time. For this reason, he was respected and loved by the people and lots of people of ideals and integrity came to him to learn martial arts from him. A person named Peng Meng lurked in them.
中秋节吃月饼的英文
Mooncakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are to Christmas. The seasonal round cakes traditionally have a sweet filling of lotus seed paste or red bean paste and often have one or more salted duck eggs in the center to represent the moon. And the moon is what this celebration is all about. Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month,it is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.
There are two legends which claim to explain the tradition of eating mooncakes. One Tang Dynasty myth holds that the Earth once had 10 suns circling it. One day all 10 suns appeared at once,scorching the planet with their heat. It was thanks to a skillful archer named Hou Yi that the Earth was saved. He shot down all but one of the suns. As his reward,the Heavenly Queen Mother gave Hou Yi the Elixir of Immortality,but she warned him that he must use it wisely. Hou Yi ignored her advice and,corrupted by fame and fortune,became a tyrannical leader. Chang-Er,his beautiful wife, could no longer stand by and watch him abuse his power so she stole his Elixir and fled to the moon to escape his angry wrath. And thus began the legend of the beautiful woman in the moon,the Moon Fairy.
The second legend has it that during the Yuan Dynasty,an underground group led by Zhu Yuan Zang was determined to rid the country of Mongolian dominance. The moon cake was created to carry a secret message. When the cake was opened and the message read,an uprising was unleashed which successfully routed the Mongolians. It happened at the time of the full moon,which,some say,explains why mooncakes are eaten at this time. Mooncakes are usually stamped with Chinese characters indicating the name of the ba kery and the type of filling used. Some ba keries will even stamp them with your family name so that you can give personalised ones to friends and family. They are usually presented in boxes of four which indicate the four phases of the moon. Traditional mooncakes are made with melted lard,but today vegetable oil is more often used in the interests of health. Mooncakes are not for the diet-conscious as they are loaded with calories. The best way to wash down one of these sticky cakes is with a cup of Chinese tea,especially Jasmine or Chrysanthemum tea,which aids the digestion.
1.李白:关山月
明月出天山,苍茫云海间。
The bright moon lifts from the mountain of heaven in an infinite haze of cloud and sea,
长风几万里,吹度玉门关。
Changfeng tens of thousands of years, blow of Yumen Pass.
汉下白登道,胡窥青海湾。
China marches its men down Baideng road while tartar troops peer across blue waters of the bay.
由来征战地,不见有人还。
And since not one battle famous in history sent all its fighters back again,
戍客望边色,思归多苦颜。
The soldiers turn round, looking toward the border, and think of home, with wistful eyes,
高楼当此夜,叹息未应闲。
And of those tonight in the upper chambers who toss and sigh and cannot rest.
2.李白:月下独酌
2 Li Bai: drinking alone with the moon
花间一壶酒,独酌无相亲。
From a pot of wine among the flowers I drank alone. There was no one with me.
举杯邀明月,对影成三人。
Till, raising my cup , I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and make us three.
月既不解饮,影徒随我身。
Alas, the moon was unable to drink and my shadow tagged me vacantly;
暂伴月将影,行乐须及春。
But still for a while I had these friends to cheer me through the end of spring.
我歌月徘徊,我舞影零乱。
I sang. The moon encouraged me. I danced. My shadow tumbled after.
醒时同交欢,醉后各分散。
As long as I knew , we were boon companions. And then I was drunk, and we lost one another.
永结无情游,相期邈云汉。
Shall goodwill ever be secure? I watch the long road of the river of stars.
3.李白:古朗月行
3 Li Bai: ancient people.
小时不识月,呼作白玉盘。
Hour do not know, call for white plate.
又疑瑶台镜,飞在青云端。
I doubt Yaotai mirror, fly in the high official position end.
仙人垂两足,桂树作团团。
The vertical bipedal, Katsura Juku completely.
白兔捣药成,问言谁与餐?
Rabbit rammed into, asked who with the meal?
蟾蜍蚀圆影,大明夜已残。
Toad loss round shadow, Daming night was disabled.
羿昔落九乌,天人清且安。
Yi of fall nine black, and clear and ann.
阴精此沦惑,去去不足观。
Yin essence this become confused, to lack of.
忧来其如何?凄怆摧心肝!
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