老师信英文版（共8篇）
Xinghai Experimental Middle School in SIP
Su Qian Road 215021 Suzhou city Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
January 17,
Dear Prof:
As an English teacher in Xinghai Experimental Middle School in SIP, I am very pleased to take this opportunity to write a letter of recommendation for Ni Hao，one of my favorite students, to support his application for your distinguished school.
Ni Hao is an outstanding student in Xinghai Experimental Middle School in SIP. It’s about three years since I taught him English at school. I have full understanding of him in many aspects and I can say responsibly that he is a rare excellent student that our school has cultivated,and he is active and passionate about answering class questions. In my contact with him in the school, his creativity and attitude to school work gave me a deep impression. He always proposed new ideas on his school work and could resolve problems by himself, so I am very satisfied with him.He is very kind and outgoing, and he had personal talks with me several times. He indicated a great interest in learning English. Apart from that, he often puts forward his ideas upon questions and exchanges all of his innovate ideas with me after class. He is also very sporty, and he likes playing basketball very much. In a word, he is really very nice and excellent. One day, after school, it was rainning heavily, and I forgot to take my umbrella. It was him who gave me an umbrella when I was worring about how to get home without getting wet. I am very appreciated of his consideration and care. He is an honest and smart, reliable and responsible person, and is very cooperative too. He often puts some of his effort into helping others and charity show.
Based on these qualities, I believe this young man will achieve greater academic success in his future study. Therefore, I strongly support his application, and it would be greatly appreciated if you could give him your favorable consideration.
If you have any further questions regarding Hao Ni’s ability or this recommendation, please do not hesitate to contact me using the information on this letterhead. My address is as following:
Xinghai Experimental Middle School, SuZhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province, PR China. And my phone number is 15151552529. Thanks a lot.
Your Sincerely
Mr Guo Hanghang
Because I will be away for a few days after SpringBreak, I am writing this during the actual holiday, when Ican use time to catch up on a number of purely administra-tive items.
First of all, you should have received the letter I sent out on April 2nd advising of the transition arrange-ments to new leadership at ISM (International School of Moscow). In that letter I pointed out that Dr. Paul Malo-ne will be arriving in Moscow on Monday, May 4th, and that I will work with him during that week to ensure smooth transition. My last day at ISM will be Friday, May 8th.
Several people have asked me why I required Dr. Malone to come early. There are many problems facing ISM at the moment which have major implications(影响) for the future, and it makes sense for the new direc-tor to come aboard before the end of the school year. This will give him the chance to play a major role in the planning process for 2014—2015 and beyond. The fact that Paul Malone is able to arrive in early May is good for the school. I have been working closely with him, and will do everything possible to see that he can move in easily when I leave. From here I will go to Hong Kong for a couple of weeks to spend time in my new situation, and then I will return to the United States for a few weeks’vacation.
In the most recent edition of the Compass, I wrote briefly what I consider to be the major challenge for ISM in the future. I am sure that the new leadership of the school will be able to face those challenges in an active manner, which will ensure a strong future for the school. I shall certainly watch the progress of the school with interest. The results of the school for the past few years have been quite outstanding, and I fully ex-pect that level of performance to continue.
阅读短文后,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
1. We can infer from the text that the writer was the ________ of ISM.
A. director B. employee C. teacher D. student
2. Why should Dr. Malone come to ISM early?
A. To work closely with the author.
B. To do everything possible for the school.
C. To move in easily when the author leaves.
D. To work with the author for a few days and make a future plan.
3. From the text, we learn that ________ .
A. Paul Malone is a capable man
B. the writer is a best friend of Paul Malone’s
C. Paul Malone will work with the writer for several years
D. the writer will do his best to help Paul Malone to work well at ISM
参考答案与解析:
1. 选A。从第三段第二句中的“it makes sense for thenew director to come aboard”可知文中所涉及的职位是director。
2. 选D。从第三段第三句“This will give him the chanceto play a major role in the planning process for 2014—2015and beyond.”可知,Malone提前来校可以参与新学年规划。结合第二段第二句中的“I will work with him during that week toensure smooth transition”可得出答案。
【关键词】译本 翻译原则 信 达 雅
一、李白诗作《静夜思》概述
《静夜思》是唐代著名诗人李白于公元726年在当时非常繁华的扬州一个旅馆住宿时所做。该诗为一首五言绝句，韵律工整并且言简意赅。原诗全文为：床前明月光/疑是地上霜/举头望明月/低头思故乡。
这首诗的大体意思是一缕皎洁的月光透过窗户投射到房间的床头前面，好像是地上下了一层薄薄的清霜。我抬起头来，仰望天空中明亮的月亮，在低头之时，开始思念我的故乡。作者通过简短的20字勾勒出了自己思念家乡的一幅凄婉的乡愁图。
二、李白诗作《静夜思》英文译本的优劣分析
1.《静夜思》英文译本的不同版本
译本1： 翁显良 译：
Nostalgia
A splash of white on my bedroom floor/ Hoar frost/ I raise my eyes to the moon， the same moon/ As scenes long past come to mind， my eyes fall again/ on the splash of white， and my heart aches for home
譯本2： Amy Lowell 译：
Night Thoughts
In front of my bed the moon light is very bright/ I wonder if that can be frost on the floor/ I lift up my head and look at the full moon， the dazzling moon/ I drop my head， and think of the home of old days.译本3：Witter Bynner 译：
In the Quiet Night
So bright agleam on the foot of my bed/ Could there have been a frost already/ Lifting my head to look， I found that it was moonlight/ Sinking back again， I thought suddenly of home.
译本4：W.J.Fletcher 译：
The Moon Shines
Everywhere/ Seeing the moon beams by my couch so bright/ I thought hoar frost had fallen from the night/ On the clear moon I gaze with lifted eyes/ Then hid them full of home’s sweet memories.
译本5： Huang Xinqu 译：
Thoughts on a Silent Night
A gleam of light streams down over my bed/ I wonder if it’s the frost on the ground/ Raising my eyes， I gaze at the bright moon/ Lowering my head， I miss my home town.
译本6： Herbert A.Giles 译：
Night Thoughts
I wake， and moon beams play around my bed/ Glittering like hoar-frost to my wandering eyes/ Up towards the glorious moon I raise my head/ Then lay me down； and thoughts of home arise.
译本7： 许渊冲译：
A Tranquil Night
A bed， I see a silver light/ I wonder if it’s frost a ground/ Looking up， I find the moon bright/Bowing， in home sickness I’m drowned.
2.《静夜思》英文译本的比较分析
在翻译界，对于翻译的标准问题，不同的大师有不同的学说。中国的大规模翻译始于近代，谈到翻译的标准，被誉为翻译界的前辈的严复认为翻译应该遵守“信、达、雅”原则。所谓的“信”就是翻译的译文和原文之间具有信度，翻译的译文应该最大限度的和原文等值。所谓的“达”是指翻译的译文能够为译文读者所理解达到读者的内心。所谓的“雅”是指翻译的译文不仅仅能够让读者理解而且要能够让读者根据其自身的语言文化知识感受到美感。在翻译实践中，很多译者都在努力的遵循严复先生的翻译标准，但是能够同时兼顾“信、达、雅”三项标准的作品少之又少，可以称之为佳品。
根据严复先生的翻译标准，上述7个版本的翻译各有千秋。从题目上看，翁显良版直接把《静夜思》翻译成了乡愁，虽然主要精神都包含在这个翻译中，但是夜晚安宁的气氛不见了，在信度方面有所欠缺；译本2和6采用了同样的名称，把夜和思翻译出来了，但是显得非常的呆板，在“雅”的方面没有做到。译本3、5、7在题目上不仅和原文忠实而且通顺，同时兼顾了“雅”，做得较好。译本4对于题目的翻译不够确切，堪称为败笔。在整首诗的内容的翻译上，所有的译者都堪称大师。但是，在语言风格上，只有译本7考虑了原文的韵律和节奏，在所有的英文译本中，笔者认为译本7真正忠实了严复先生的“信、达、雅”原则，是佳品中的佳品。
参考文献：
[1]刘重德.文学翻译十讲[M].中国对外翻译出版公司，1991.
[2]许渊冲.意美、音美、形美———如何译毛主席诗词[M].中国对外翻译出版公司，1979.
作者简介：
Hello
In such a sad day, I am ashamed guilty mood to write this letter, not only themselves, but also to forgive your desire.
Think about it, these days I am a little bit confused, make these things mean a rebel, I apologize again.
Looking back over the past few days, on Friday, you clearly arranged in the class for nearly two days to complete the instructions to recite the model.
At first, I had to read and recite seriously, but it was only a few hours, I was hard to remember and other reasons to give up, never tried to recite the team leader.
On Sunday, you have to pass the students in extra-curricular activities to your office back.
But I have to weigh the joy and the rest of the endorsement activity distress irritability, will quietly slip away to play, without regard to face with your feelings, even in homework is not a bit serious.
The worst and worst of all, when you ask me about the situation, I am silent, absent minded, regardless of your anger and sadness.
Especially when the teacher learned and involved in the matter, I promise to try to learn to recite, second days I was with irrational psychological openly in the class against you - English morning reading class I deliberately recite Chinese text.
In the help of the head teacher, I understand that I have done all these things is a kind of childish teachers do not respect the bad behavior.
I do have a bad effect on their own, whether serious or you are in class, this is not only the destruction of my impression, to destroy your impression of the six class, and I is the mid-term exam, first class, so are more likely to lead the class teacher and, seriously study the atmosphere.
In consideration of this, I have to correct these childish irrational habits, it is also necessary to write this letter of apology to the whole class to review their own, and solemnly apologize to you.
【模板】
To whom it may concern,
please accept my recommendation for a young man , in my opinion, who enjoys a unique enthusiasm for and ability in the study of law. in all facets of fu-ping wangs record, from his academic to extracurricular to community work, i think the academic committee of your prestigious ll. m. program stands to gain an invaluable asset to next falls incoming class, if you accept this prospective student.
he has managed to set himself apart from his peers in the law department of taiwans most acclaimed university. nfu sends each year the nations best and brightest students to american graduate programs, and it is my pleasure to recommend fu-ping wang as yet another example of this excellence.
as his undergraduate professor i taught mr. wang in two classes pertaining to his major, criminal policy and criminology. he finished in the top 10% in each class. i remember his being an active member of class discussion, a coordinator and conveyor of student opinion. in all completed assignments there was special attention to detail, a special creativity and motivation in opinions and theories that was absent in the majority of his classmates. to say the least, he possesses the necessary reasoning facilities and intelligence to take on the rigorous curriculum of an ll. m. program. i am confident of this fact.
but there is more to mr. wang than just another candidate who possesses the necessary intelligence and scores. there is his unique enthusiasm for his area of study and its real life impact on the community in which he lives. one senses there is a larger call to duty when he states it is his goal to become a successful legal practitioner. i have noticed a strong affinity for placing a practical application on his academic and research focuses. while too many lawyers have entered their respective field too idealistic to placate the gulf between class and the courtroom, mr. wang has illustrated the competence and maturity to reason the difference between the abstract and the reality of this tough profession.
more specifically, i am referring to his work on the judicial reform foundation, where he began his practical legal training and volunteer work while still an undergraduate. i trust his abilities to help someday reform taiwans legal codes to match the progressiveness of its present political, social and cultural development. while many of his peers are complacent with and poised to become corporate lawyers, his place will be in the community with the people who do not possess the affluence and education to know fully their rights and duties as citizens.
i think that the uniqueness of his record speaks for itself, and i applaud his decision to attend the prestigious academic environment in the united states for her ll. m. degree. it will provide him with even more legal framework and precedents to meet the trying conditions taiwans rapidly demoractizing society will meet in the coming decades.
sincerely yours,
john wu
Jin Zhengmin is good at communication with students. During break time, he always discusses the puzzled problems met in class with the surrounding students and a warm and harmonious class atmosphere is formed under this circumstance. Except his studies, he also pays more attention to school activities and joins in such activities as Chinese-Korean communication association, etc held in school. He cooperates well with other students and successfully completes all kinds of activities in the association. During Beijing Olympic Games, Jin Zhengmin applied for joining in the Olympics volunteers as reporter of the news center to timely report the Olympic news information and accomplished the task. As such, he got the award of Best Volunteers by the Olympic Games association.
Jin zhengmin likes Chinese language and culture andChina’s political and economic situations very much. He has a strong interest in international relation issues. After graduation from university, Jin zhengmin leaved for Manhattan of America for learning English and at the same time, he chose economics and statistics, etc as his subsidiary courses. He always writes to me. During my cooperation research inHarwardUniversity, he specially wrote to me and talked that he wanted to continue his master course of international relations inAmerica. At that time, he was preparing for various courses learning before examination. During the three years learning probationary period, Jin Zhengmin made a rapid progress in English. I am very glad about his learning plan and persistent spirit. I would like to actively recommend him. I do hope he can successfully apply for a new university and then be admitted to realize his dream.
1 对象与方法
1.1 ASCQ原量表结构和内容
ASCQ共30个条目, 为Likert 5级评分 (1~5) , 共分为7个维度:缓解无聊 (BR) , 缓解负性情绪 (NAR) , 负性躯体感受 (NPF) , 负性社交印象 (NSI) , 方便社会交际 (SF) , 味觉/感觉运动调节 (TSM) 体重控制 (WC) ;总评定时间约为10min[6]。
1.2 ASCQ翻译和修改及过程
由笔者将量表进行翻译, 并请母语为英语的学者对中译本进行回译, 结合回译中发现的问题, 对中文译本作修改后形成量表的中文终译本。
1.3 吸烟状态评估
参照国际研究标准[6,10], 使用3个问题对吸烟行为及相关因素进行评估: (1) 在过去1个月中, 您有几天的时间有过吸烟行为? (2) 您父母吸烟吗? (3) 和您关系最亲近的朋友或熟人中有几个人在吸烟?
1.4 研究对象及流程
于2012年1—6月在东营市5所初中、高中及中专学校招募同学参加研究。调查采取匿名原则, 课题组成员与学校教师一起组织学生利用课余时间在教室填写调查问卷。共调查500名学生, 收回问卷500份, 有效问卷478份, 有效率为95.6%。其中男生259名, 占总人数的54.2%, 年龄为13~18岁, 平均 (14.9±1.9) 岁;女生219名, 占总人数的45.8%, 年龄为13~18岁, 平均 (14.8±1.8) 岁。调查完成4周后随机抽取85名学生进行第二次问卷测评。
1.5 统计分析
数据采用Epi Data 3.0进行双人双录入, 采用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。计算总量表及分量表的Cronbachα系数, 测定量表内部一致性[11]。采用Lisrel 8.51软件进行验证性因子分析考评量表的结构效度[11]。采用独立样本t检验比较吸烟组与非吸烟组ASCQ总分及各维度得分的差异, 采用Logistic回归分析考评ASCQ量表的实证效度。
2 结果
2.1 信度分析
总量表Cronbachα系数为0.87, 各维度Cronbachα系数分别为:缓解无聊0.73, 缓解负性情绪0.63, 负性躯体感受0.70, 负性社交印象0.72, 方便社会交际0.68, 味觉/感觉运动调节0.66, 体重控制0.56。随机抽取其中的85人于4周后重测, 量表总分的重测信度相关系数为0.83;各维度重测相关系数分别为:缓解无聊0.50, 缓解负性情绪0.72, 负性躯体感受0.76, 负性社交印象0.62, 方便社会交际0.63, 味觉/感觉运动调节0.70, 体重控制0.47, 即除体重控制因子外, 其他维度均具有良好的重测信度 (重测信度标准:总分相关系数>0.8, 分量表>0.5) [12]。
2.2 效度分析
2.2.1 量表结构效度
各维度与总分之间的相关系数在0.49~0.73之间, 各维度之间相关系数在0.20~0.63之间。见表1。
注:*P<0.05, **P<0.01。
验证性因素分析结果显示, 该模型的GFI (拟合优度指数) 为0.94, NFI (赋范拟合指数) 为0.92, CFI (比较拟合指数) 为0.91, TLI (非范拟合指数) 为0.91, χ2/df为2.95, REMEA (标准化残差均方根) 为0.06, 各个指数均符合测量学标准[11]。各条目对其维度的负荷系数在0.32~0.81之间。见表2。
2.2.2 量表实证效度
将在过去1个月中发生任何次数及任何频率吸烟行为者计为吸烟组, 对吸烟组及非吸烟组资料比较显示, 吸烟组缓解负性情绪、味觉/感觉运动调节、缓解无聊、方便社会交际、体重控制维度分均高于非吸烟组, 而负性社交印象、负性躯体感受维度得分低于非吸烟组, 差异均有统计学意义 (P值均<0.05) 。见表3。
以有无吸烟行为为因变量, 以年龄、性别、父母有无吸烟, 亲密朋友吸烟人数及ASCQ问卷各维度得分为自变量 (ASCQ各因子分值按平均分划分为≥平均分组和<平均分组) , 进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果显示, BR、SF、NAR、父母吸烟、朋友吸烟人数、男性是吸烟行为发生的危险因素。见表4。
注:性别以女性为参照, 亲密朋友吸烟人数以0人为参照, 父母吸烟以无为参照, BR、SF、NAR均以低于平均值为参照。
3 讨论
研究结果显示, ASCQ问卷中文版具有较好的内部一致性, 结构效度稳定, 重测信度为0.83, 达到测量学要求[12];与量表原作者的测试结果接近[8]。实证效度分析结果显示, ASCQ问卷总分及各维度分在吸烟者与非吸烟者之间存在差异, Logistic回归分析显示缓解无聊、缓解负性情绪、方便社会交际3个维度分值高是吸烟行为的危险因素, 提示ASCQ可以用于筛查高危个体, 与国外研究结果一致[8]。本研究中体重控制维度的重测信度低于国外结果, 存在差异的原因可能与受试者对量表的记忆及对量表的理解随时间变化有关, 也可能与样本文化差异有关[13], 在以后研究中要根据中国学生的特征对此维度进行修订, 以改善重测信度。ASCQ是专为青少年人群设计的, 能够较客观地反映青少年对吸烟“正性”后果的期望以及“负性”后果的理解, 是较理想的早期筛查工具。本研究结果显示中文版ASCQ达到测试学要求, 国内学校卫生机构可以使用ASCQ筛查高危吸烟学生, 开展有目的的干预活动, 预防青少年吸烟。
摘要：目的 评价青少年吸烟后果问卷 (ASCQ) 中文译本的信、效度, 为青少年吸烟行为的早期干预提供较为敏感的工具。方法 招募山东省东营地区初中、高中及中专学生共478名为研究对象进行ASCQ评定。计算Cronbachα系数评价量表内部一致性, 计算2次测量相关系数考评重测信度;采用验证性因子分析考评结构效度, 采用吸烟与非吸烟组量表得分比较及Logistic回归方法考评实证效度。结果 ASCQ总Cronbachα系数为0.87, 7个维度Cronbachα系数在0.560.73之间;总分的重测信度相关系数为0.83;各维度重测相关系数在0.470.76之间。验证性因子分析结果显示该模型的GFI为0.94, NFI为0.92, CFI为0.91, TLI为0.91, χ2/df为2.95, REMEA为0.06, 各个指数均符合测量学标准;实证效度显示吸烟组总分及缓解负性情绪、味觉/感觉运动调节、缓解无聊、方便社会交际、控制体重维度得分均高于非吸烟组;负性社交印象、负性躯体感受维度分值则低于非吸烟组, 差异均有统计学意义 (P值均<0.05) 。结论 ASCQ中文译本1个维度重测信度略差, 总量表及6个维度重测信度较好, 且具有较好的结构效度和实证效度, 可推荐使用该问卷筛查青少年学生吸烟问题。
to whom it may concern:
as manager of the technical department of zhonghua port ltd., i am very pleased to write this reference letter for mr jiao , who has been working with our center as a electronic engineer since july .
since joining our company, mr jiao has been mainly involved in the maintenance and technical updating of the automatic bulk grain conveying system, which consists of belt conveyors, dust catching equipment, loading equipment, unloading equipment, measuring equipment and various valves. control of the system is realized by network, plc modules, industrial control computers, servers and power distributions systems.
with his solid professional knowledge and high sense of responsibility,he has been acquitted himself excellently of duties assigned to him. during his four years’ work here, he has demonstrated his preciseness, composure and conscientiousness, which are the traits of an excellent electronic engineer, when dealing with major operations of the control system.
from may to oct 2004, our company established a programming group which was responsible for developing control software (including the plc program and hmi(human-machine interface) for the 3rd phase of 400,000-ton grain conveying system. to develop the program, we used cimplicity of ge and controllogix of ab. mr jiao was responsible for developing the human-machine interface program, including establishing communication point with plc, making the drawing of communication, and writing vba scripts for manual operation. because of the specialty of the control software, the programmer should have the rich knowledge of the automation, the electricity, the network and the computer. due to his former work experience, mr jiao was undisputedly worth his salt.
during the past four years, mr. jiao has taken part in all the projects debugging. at work, he works hard to explore new and good solutions in technology and he has found more feasible ways to realize the communication between the control system and the management system. now, the data in control system can be applied in the management system automatically, which lightened the workers’ workload and improved work efficiency.
due to his hard work, outstanding professional ability and good cooperative spirit, he has won respect from his colleagues. as his immediate supervisor, i am very satisfied with his performance.
on the whole, mr jiao is an enterprising, reliable and competent electronic engineer. i would like to recommend him with no reservations.
yours truly,
( referees chinese name)
manager of the technical department of zhonghua port ltd :
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