中考语法之主谓一致（推荐8篇）
教学设计
复习目标
知识与技能 1.能掌握主谓一致的基本原则。
2.能在具体的练习题中总结归纳有关主谓一致的规则。过程与方法：小组合作学习
情感态度与价值观 ：能体验到合作学习、完成任务的快乐。复习重点和难点
重点：主谓一致应遵循的三个基本原则。
难点：一些代词、集合名词等作主语时应遵循的原则。
教学程序
Step 1设置任务 导入课题
Show some wrong sentences.Read and find out the mistakes
in them.Lead in the topic.从学生的学习实际出发，发现问题，明确目标，自然引入课题。Step 2 分组研讨 复习要点
Give them some exercises.Direct and help when necessary.The students in each group discuss the answers and then find
the language points by themselves.分组讨论，合作学习，鼓励学生勇敢面对学习中的困难，学
会用恰当合适的语言总结归纳语言点。
Step 3师生互动 归纳总结
Work with the students together and write down the grammar
points.The students in each group sum up different rules of the agreement of subject and predicate.以学生为主体，教师为主导，对所学知识进行系统的复习和总结，使他们获得成就感。Step 4直击中考 思路点拨
Show the students some exercises.Pay more attention to the weaker groups and help them.Do the exercises and then make a discussion about them.Pay attention to the usage of the key points.了解中考考点，让学生做到心中有数，学以致用，并有针对性
地进行训练巩固。Step 5作业布置 巩固反馈
1模拟预测题
一、以单数名词、单数代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词要用单数的相应形式。例如:
The book is on the table.书在桌子上。
He is reading English.他在读英语。
To work hard is necessary.(=It is necessary to work hard.)刻苦工作是必要的。
How you get there is a problem.你要怎么到哪儿是个问题。
二、以复数名词或复数代词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数的相应形式。例如:
Children like to play toys.孩子们喜欢玩玩具。
They are not fond of you.他们不喜欢你。
三、在倒装句中,动词的单复数相应形式应和其后的主语一致。例如:
There is a dog near the door.门旁边有一只狗。
There were no schools in this area before liberation.解放前这个地区没有学校。
Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
On the wall were two famous paintings.墙上挂着两幅名画。
【注意】如有并列主语,则以靠近动词的主语为准。例如:
Here is Mr.Brown and his children.布朗先生和他的孩子们在这儿。
四、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词用复数的相应形式。
如果主语后跟有with、together with、except、but、like、including、as well as、no less than、more than、rather than等引起的短语,谓语动词仍与短语前的主语形式保持一致。例如:
Jane,Mary and I are good friends.简、玛丽和我是好朋友。
He and my father work in the same factory.他和我父亲在同一家工厂上班。
His sister,no less than you,is wrong.跟你一样,他妹妹错了。
The father,rather than the son,is responsible for the accident.
为这起事故负责的是父亲,而不是儿子。
He,like you and Colin,is very diligent.他很勤奋,就像你和科林一样。
Every picture except these two has been sold.除了这两幅,所有画都卖出去了。
Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.
爱丽丝周日经常和她的父母一起去公园。
Penny as well as her friends was invited to the concert.
佩妮和她的朋友们受邀参加这场音乐会。
Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.那个时候只有玛丽和我在教室。
五、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式,and后面的名词没有冠词。试比较:
The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.
这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。(一个人的两个身份)
The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.
那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。(两个人)
六、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each、every、no、many a等修饰词时,谓语动词要用单数的相应形式。例如:
Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。
No teacher and no student is absent today.今天没有老师和学生缺席。
Many a student is busy with their lessons.许许多多的学生都忙于他们的功课。
七、each、either、one、another、the other、neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式。例如:
Each takes a cup of tea.每人都喝一杯茶。
Either is correct.两个都对。
Neither of them likes this picture.他们俩都不喜欢这幅画。
八、由every、some、any、no构成的合成代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式。例如:
Is everyone here?每个人都在吗?
Nothing is to be done.没有什么要干的事儿了。
九、关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词的形式应与句中先行词一致。例如:
Those who want to go please sign their names here.想去的人请在这里签名。
Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.反对这个意见的人可以畅所欲言。
He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.他是在大会上受到表扬的学生之一。
十、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体时,其谓语动词常用单数的相应形式。例如:
Three years is not a long time.三年时间不长。
Ten dollars is what he needs.他需要的就是10美元。
Five hundred miles is a long distance.500英里是段挺长的距离。
十一、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待时(如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等),动词用单数的相应形式。例如:
The United States is in North America.美国位于北美洲。
The United Nations has passed a resolution.联合国通过了一项决议。
The Arabian Nights is an interesting book.《天方夜谭》是一本有趣的书。
十二、有些集体名词作主语时(如family、team、group、class、audience、government等),如看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数的相应形式;如强调各个成员,谓语动词用复数的相应形式。例如:
My family is going to have a long journey.我家要进行一次长途旅行。
My family are fond of music.我家人都喜欢音乐。
The class has won the honour.这个班级获得了荣誉。
The class were jumping for joy.全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。
十三、all、more、most、some、any、none、half、the rest等作主语时,既可表示复数意义,也可表示单数意义,谓语动词的相应形式要根据实际情况而定。例如:
All of the apple is rotten.整个苹果都烂了。
All of the apples are rotten.所有苹果都烂了。
十四、the+形容词(或分词)作主语时,常指一类人,谓语动词用复数的相应形式。如指的是抽象概念,谓语动词则用单数的相应形式。例如:
The young are usually very active.年轻人通常是很活跃的。
The wounded are being taken good care of here now.现在伤员们在这里受到了很好照顾。
In this case,the bad is balanced by the good.在这种情况下,坏的被好的平衡了。
十五、or、either...or...、neither...nor...、whether...or、not only...but(also)连接的是主语时,谓语动词与后一个主语一致。例如:
Either you or I am going to the movies.你和我中的一个要去看电影。
Not only you but also he is wrong.不仅你错了,他也错了。
十六、不可数名词没有复数形式,作主语时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式。例如:
Water is a kind of matter.水是一种物质。
The news at six o’clock is true.六点钟的新闻是真的。
十七、集体名词作主语时(如people、police、cattle等),谓语动词用复数的相应形式。例如:
The police are searching for him.警察正在搜捕他。
The cattle are grassing.牛正在吃草。
十八、population作“人口”讲时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式;作“人们”讲时,谓语动词用复数的相应形式。例如:
The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本人口要多。
One third of the population here are workers.这里三分之一的人是工人。
十九、the number of+复数名词表示“……的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式;a(large/great)number of+复数名词表示“许多”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数的相应形式。例如:
The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.我校学生人数逐年递增。
A number of students have gone for an outing.许多学生都去郊游了。
二十、means、politics、physics、plastics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数的相应形式。例如:
Politics is another matter.政治是另外一回事。
练一练
1. Nothing but cars______in the shop.
A.is soldB.are soldC.were soldD.are going to sell
2. Seventy percent of the students in our school______from the countryside.
A.isB.areC.comesD.are coming
3. ______of the money______used up.
A.Three-five;are B.Three-fifths;have been
C.Three-fifths;has been D.Third-fifths;is
4. The number of the people who______cars______increasing.
A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are
5. On each side of the street______a lot of trees.
A.standsB.growC.is standingD.are grown
6. Some person______calling for you at the gate.
A.areB.isC.is beingD.will be
7. Tom’s teacher and friend______Mr.Smith.
A.areB.isC.are beingD.has
8. Neither he nor I______for the plan.
A.amB.areC.isD.were
一、理念
在实施英语课程标准理念的高中语法课中，我们要积极倡导使用发现式语法教学，因为发现式语法教学有利于激励学生思考，促进学生的思维，发展自主学习能力。在教师的引导下，学生“在做中学”，自己去发现、归纳，总结语法规律。这样的自主学习过程不仅能使学生更有效地理解和记忆语法知识、加深对语法形式和意义的印象、夯实基础，还能激励和发展他们的思维使其养成通过思考进行观察、自我发现的学习习惯，从而受益终生。
二、课题
主题：主语和谓语动词的一致（Agreement Between Subject and verb）。
课文：人教版《高中英语》模块4第1单元Women of achievement。
教学目标：“主谓一致”语法学习中，引导学生既要发现、归纳、总结该语法规律，又要在不同语境中理解、体验、领悟“主谓一致”的表意功能。在本课结束时，学生要能够初步运用所学习和掌握的“主谓一致”进行自如表达。
三、教学步骤
Step 1 导入（通过复习课文，引入本单元要学习的语法）：
1.通过提问，呈现含有“主谓一致”的例句。如：A：Everybody sits and waits in the shade of trees.
B：Our group are all going to visit them in the forest .
2.根据所呈现的课文例句引出本单元所要学习的语法项目：“Agreement Between Subject and verb”。
Step 2 体验并发现：
1.让学生分组讨论并发现下述“主谓一致”的规律：
问题1：I am seventeen. /She is sixteen. /There is a desk in the room. /There are no chairs in it.
2.引导学生观察讨论后则发现：主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。
问题2： My brother and I have both seen the film. /Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.
经过讨论发现：两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。
说明：
（1）当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting./One more knife and fork is needed.
（2）两个并列的名词有each，every，many a等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：Each doctor and （each）nurse was given a new shirt./No sound and no voice is heard. /Many a boy and（many a）girl has made the same mistake.
问题3：My family is a large one./The family are sitting at the breakfast table.
经过讨论则发现：集体名词group，class，family，army，enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
问题4：Is anybody going to tell him the news？/Everything is ready.
经过讨论则发现：不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，something，no one，nobody，nothing，the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
问题5：None of them has（have）arrived yet./None of this money is mine./Neither statement was true.
经过讨论则发现：代词none和neither有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。但是代表不可数名词时，只看作单数；neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。
问题6：Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand./Not only his family but（also）he likes Chaplin.
经过讨论则发现：当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or，either…or，neither…nor或not only…but also连接时，谓语动词通常与近邻的名词或代词保持一致。
问题7：There is a lamp，two pens and six books on the desk./Here are some envelopes and paper for you.
经过讨论则发现：由there或here引导的句子，主语不止一个名词时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
问题8：The teacher with two students was at the meeting./The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car.
经过讨论则发现：当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如：with， along with， together with， like， rather than， but， except， besides， including， in addition to等时，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。
问题9：Sixty years is a long time./Ten dollars is enough for him.
经过讨论则发现：表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
Step 3 巩固练习：
让学生做page5 Exercise 2 以达到初步的掌握，再让学生做page5 Exercise 3 进一步理解领悟“主谓一致”的表意功能。
一、数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。复习时要注意下面问题：
1.基数词的意义：表示事物数量的多少，特别是hundred，thousand，million等，前面若有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时，它们只能用单数;
2.序数词的意义：表示事物的顺序，前面一般要加定冠词;
3.分数的形式：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当基数词大于“1”时，序数词后要用复数形式;
4.小数的组成和读法：小数点读作point，小数点前面的数按基数词的方法读，小数点后面的数按数字读;
5.概数
(1)概数的表示：tens of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/dozens of/scores of/a number of/a quantity of/a few/a little/a great deal of/a great(good)many
(2)概数的注意事项：
概数前面不能有确切的数字，但tens of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/dozens of/scores of前面可有many，several，some等修饰词：tens of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/dozens of/sc0Iles of/a number of/a few/a great(good)many一般只修饰可数名词复数;
a little/a great deal of只修饰不可数名词;
a quantity of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of既可修饰可数名词复数，又可修饰不可数名词;
few/little形式上是肯定，而意义上是否定;a few/a little才表示肯定的意义。
6.倍数的表示：
(1)倍数(twice，…times)+as+形容词原级+as...
(2)倍数+形容词的比较级+than...
(3)倍数+the+ n.(size/length/height/width/weight)+of
二.主谓一致 、
1.主谓一致的原则：形式一致;内容一致;就近一致。
2.主谓一致的特例： .
(1)代词作主语 ’
A.主语是he，she，it，either，neither，each，one，the other，another，anything，anyone，something，someone，somebody，everybody，everyone，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等代词时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
B.主语是I(除be动词用am外)，you，we，they时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
C.主语是who，what，which，all，more，most，some，any，none，the rest.the remainder时，谓语动词的形式应依具体情况而定。
(2)名词作主语
A.一般说来，不可数名词及可数名词的单数作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
B.表示总称意义的名词public，people(人们，人民)，cattle，police，youth作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
C.主语是board，family，class，team，group，crowd，audience，company，crew，committee，enemy，government，herd，jury，party等名词时，如果是作为整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;如果作为其中一个个的成员，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
D. 主语是时间、距离、价格、度量衡单位等名词或短语时，即使是复数，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
E.主语是news，politics，physics，plastics，mathematics等名词时，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
F.主语若是书名，剧名，报刊、杂志名称或国家、单位名称时，即使名词是复数形式，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
G.在算式里，主语是数词时，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
H.主语是clothes，compasses，goods，glasses，trousers，scissors，shoes，socks，gloves等名词时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
I.主语是a lot of，lots of，plenty，百分比of+名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照名词的数而确定。
J.主语是kind of，type of，pair of，amount of，quantity of+名词时，谓语动词的形式v须依照kind，type，amount，pair，quantity的数而确定。
K.主语是the number of+名词的复数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
L主语是a number of+名词复数时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
M.主语是a/the population时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
N.主语是分数+population时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
O.主语是means，works，sheep，fish，Japanese，Chinese等名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照它们在句中的意义来确定。
P.用引号引起来的词、短语、句子作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
(3)两个或两个以上的名词连在一起作主语
A.and，both…and连接名词或代词作主语，谓语一般用复数形式。
B.and连接的两个成对的名词，如bread and butter;soda and water;coffee and water;aim and end;salt and water等，虽有and连接，但仍表示单一的概念，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
C.and连接的两个名词若是指同一个人，即：and前的名词前有冠词，而and后面的名词前没有冠词。谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
D.and所连接的两个名词前分别有：every，each，no，many a等修饰时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。，
E.主语是连接词or，either...or…，neither...nor...，whether...or…，not…but…，not only…but also…等连接的名词或代词时，谓语动词的形式应由与之最接近的名词或代词决定。
F.主语是介词in，out of，with，except，besides，without，as well as，no less than，rather than，more than，but，along with，together with，like，including，in addition to等连接的两个名词时，谓语动词的形式应与这些词前面的名词的数保持一致。
G.one and a half+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
H.many a+名词单数;more than one+名词单数;a+名词单数+or two等作句子的主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
I.one or two+名词复数作句子的主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
(4)The+形容词作主语
A.The+形容词指人作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式。
B.The+形容词指抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
(5)主语是句子、短语
A.主语是非谓语动词短语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
B.主语是从句时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式;但what，who引导的从句作主语时，若指具体的东西或人，谓语动词可用第三人称复数形式。
C.在强调句型“It+ be+被强调的部分+that/who…”中，be总是用单数形式;that/who后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。
D.定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词的单、复数形式保持一致。
注意：在“one of+名词复数+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式，但当one前面有the，the very，the less，the only或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。
E.there be结构中be动词的形式由紧接be后面的名词的形式所决定。
F.在某些虚拟语气的句子中，无论主语是什么，be动词总是为were的形式。
回放真题
真题1(福建卷24)
She has set a new record，that is, the sales of her latest book _______ 50 million.
A.have reached B.has reached C.aye reaching D.had reached
【答案及解析】 A根据句子的意思，谓语应用复数形式，用现在完成时态表示动作的持续性，故选A。
真题2(2004广西卷33)
It is reported that the United States uses ________energy as the whole of Europe.
A.as twice B.twice much C.twice much as D.twice as much
【答案及解析】 D本题考查倍数关系的表达。有三种表达方式：1.倍数+as + adj +as+其它;2.倍数+比较级+than+其它;3.倍数+the height/size/weight/length/…+ of+其它。由此可知本题正确答案为D。
真题3(2004北京卷28)
The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class， ________visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
【答案及解析】 A名词、代词与介词短语连用作主语时，谓语动词的形式由介词前面的名词、代词确定。因此本题答案为A，意思是：当地震发生的时候，老师带着班上的6个女孩和8个男孩正在参观一家博物馆。
真题4(2004上海春季卷30)
No one in the department but Tom and I ______that the director is going to resign.
A.knows B.know C.have known D.am to know
【答案及解析】 A本题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是no one，而不是Tom and I，主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with，a10ng with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，more than but except，besides，including，in addition to与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成份的影响，仍与主语保持一致。
真题5(北京卷34)
He did it ________it took me.
A.one.third a time B.one-third time
C.the one.third time D.one-third the time
【答案及解析】D考查倍数的用法。译文：他做这件事只用了我(做这件事)三分之一的时间。这句话带了一个定语从句，修饰the time，只是没有关系词。定语从句先行词为time，moment时，常不用关系词。
真题6(2003上海卷31)
The house rent is expensive.I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _________here.
A.as three times much B.as much three times
c.much as three times D.three times as much
【答案及解析】D考查比较句的语序。对于比较句，“量”应放在谓语之后as
之前，因此选D。
真题7(2003上海春季卷28)
When and where to go for the on salary holiday ________yet.
A.are not decided B.have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
【答案及解析】 D根据副词yet可确定用现在完成时。
真题8( 上海春季卷26)
He is the only one of the students who ____a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
【答案及解析】 D这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式，one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。The only one of the students中的先行词是The only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志，所以答案为D。
真题9( 上海卷23)
As a result of destroying the forests, a large ________ of desert ________covered the land.
A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have
【答案及解析】B 译文：破坏森林的结果是大片沙漠覆盖了陆地。
真题10(2001上海春季卷25)
________people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.
A. Several million B. Many million
C. Several millions D. Many millions
【答案及解析】A 在million，hundred等前如果有具体数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。many一般不与million等词连用。但在表示不确切数目时用复数，如：表示“数百万”，英语为millions of。译文：每天，世界上有几十万人通过e-mail传递信息。答案为A。
真题l1(0上海卷26)
________of the land in that district ________covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
误区一 误认主语
1. 倒装句
①Between the two buildings are a big tree. (×)
②Between the two buildings is a big tree. (√)
[解析] 第①句谓语动词使用are，错误地认为the two buildings是该句的主语，但实际上是介词between的宾语，一起构成介词短语，而介词短语不能充当主语。该句是一个倒装句，真正主语是a big tree.因此第②句正确。
特别提醒 倒装句的常见结构：副词/介词短语+谓语+主语
2. 主语之后带有介词短语
①The fruit like apples, oranges are good for our health. (×)
②The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health. (√)
[解析] 第①句误认为apples, oranges是主语，因此谓语动词用are，而实际上the fruit才是该句的主语，like apples，oranges是介词短语作后置定语修饰the fruit.该句译为“像苹果、桔子之类的水果对我们的身体是有好处的”。因此第②句是正确的。
特别提醒 类似的结构有：主语+with / like / except / but / together with / as well as . . . ，谓语动词应与主语一致，而与介词短语之后的名词无关。
3. one of . . . + 名词复数或复数代词
①There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys are from Canada. (×)
②There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys is from Canada. (√)
[解析] one of the boys的中心词是one，因此谓语动词用单数，造成第①句错误的原因主要是把the boys当成了该句的主语。
4. 定语从句
①I like the photos which was taken in Beijing. (×)
②I like the photos which were taken in Beijing. (√)
[解析] which were taken in Beijing是一个定语从句，用于修饰先行词the photos，而which本身就代替先行词the photos.因此谓语动词要用复数，造成第①句错误的原因是没有弄清楚关系词which的实质，只是从形式上看它是单数。
根据ＳＡＴ历年真题以及官方指南习题，主谓一致的句子改错题又可以分为五大类：１ 迷失主语 ２ 复合主语 ３ 单数原则 ４ 关系从句 ５ 倒装结构
１ 迷失主语：
即修饰主语的成份过长，难以辨别真正主语。因此很难判断谓语动词的形式。例一 A group of yachts with brightly colored banners flying in the wind were entering the harbor.在这个句子中很少有同学能够认识到真正的主语是a group，yachts with brightly colored banners 以及flying in the wind都是对其修饰的成份。因此根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用单数 was entering 而非were entering。
在这里Sally 告诉大家，SAT文法中经常有 名词一 of 名词二 的结构，在这样的结构中，核心名词是 of 之前的名词一，判断谓语动词要用 单数还是复数是根据名词一来决定。
例二 French mountain honey made from linden blossoms, which are sometimes called ‘lime blossoms’, have a distinctively citrus flavor.在这里真正的主语是 honey，和谓语动词之间相隔了一个分词短语：made from liden blossoms 和一个定语从句： which are sometimes called ‘lime blossoms’,因此谓语动词应该用单数 has 而非have。
例三 Despite the heavy rain, the television reporter, accompanied by her loyal film crew, were willing to wait outside the hotel until the delegates finished their meeting.该句中，主语和谓语动词之间有一个插入语：accompanied by her loyal film crew, 真正的主语 the television reporter, 因此谓语动词为 was 而非were
2、复合主语： 顾名思义，复合主语就是有两个或者两个以上的主语，这是我们应该跟不同的复合主语选用不用的谓语动词。
一般情况下复合主语有以下几种情况： A． both…and…(谓语动词使用复数)B． neither…nor;either….or;not only…but also….(谓语动词根据就近原则选用相应形式)例一 Our genetic make-up and our personal experience make us who we are.在这个句子中，降到了 genetic make-up 和 personal experience 两个方面做主语，因此谓语动词应该使用复数形式 make。
例二 Either a novel by Isaac Asimov or one by Arthur C.Clarke are going to be discussed at the next meeting of the Science Fiction Book Club.该句主语是一个either…or 的句型结构，要根据就近原则决定谓语动词单复数，因此应该是is going 而非are going。永远单数原则
有些词语修饰主语，谓语动词永远使用单数。这些词为：each，every，either of;neither of 例： Because neither of the dolls were in its original box, the pair would not be worth as much as
the toy collector had hoped.因为词句用了neither of 的结构，因此谓语动词要用单数 was 而非were，尽管dolls 紧跟谓语动词。关系从句中的单复数 关系从句又叫定语从句，意思是定语从句中的谓语动词形式由此从句所修饰的名词单复数决定。
例一： Thanks to the strength of the bonds between its constituent carbon atoms, a diamond had exceptional physical properties that makes it useful in a wide variety of industrial applicants.该句包含一个定语从句_ that makes it useful in a wide variety of industrial applicants.该从句中的that 指代的是physical properties 是复数名词，因此定语从句中的谓语动词应用复数形式 为 make 而非makes 倒装
倒装意为着谓语动词放在主语之前，谓语动词的单复数形式由放在其后的主语决定。例一：Over that hill are thousand of bison.该句中介词短语 over that hill 不能做主语，因此该句为倒装句，真正的主语是thousand of bison，因此谓语动词为复数形式：are。
例二：Riding on the bus were a dozen commuters.句子里面 a dozen commuters 是主语，谓语动词用were
1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:
Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away? 你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?
2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如：
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。
注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如：
Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
1. (have) your classmates finished his homework?
2. My friend and I (want) to play outside after watching TV.
3. (have) all of the cake been eaten?
Step II Subject-verb agreement
I语法一致原则
1. Between the two buildings (stand) a monument.
2. What he said (is/ are) right
3. What she left me (is/are) a few books.
4. Seeing (is/are) believing
5. To see (is/are) to believe.
6. Somebody(is/ are) using the phone.
7. Each of the books(cost) five yuan.
8. The students each (have) a copy of Jay’s new album.
9. The Greens (is / are) very fond of working on the farm.
10. Many a student (have/ has) passed the exam.
11. More than one person (is/ are) here.
II 意义一致原则
1. Three weeks (is/ are) allowed for making the necessary preparation.
2. Another five minutes(is/ are) enough.
3.Three miles (is/ are) nothing.
4.His family (is/ are)a happy one.
5.The whole family(is/ are) watching TV.
6.The police (is/ are) searching for the thief.
7. The population in China (is/ are) large.
8. 75% of the population in our class (is/ are) from countryside.
9. This glass works (be) set up in 1980.
10. These glass works (is/ are) near the railway station.
11. A sheep (is/ are)over there.
12. Some sheep (is/ are) over there.
13. Physics (is/ are) now taught in all schools.
14.The old (is/ are) taken good care of in our country.
15.The young (is/ are) required to respect the old.
16.“All ________ present and all _________ going on well.” Our monitor said.
A. is ; isB. are ; areC. are ; isD. is ; are
17. All of my classmates (like)music.
18. All of the water (is / are) gone.
8.相加原则
19. Walking and riding (is / are) good exercises.
20. A teacher and doctor (is / are) giving us a lecture.
21. A teacher and a doctor (is / are) giving us a lecture.
22. Every boy and girl (want) to go to the cinema.
23 No boy and no girl (is / are) allowed to swim in the lake.
24.Many a boy and many a girl (is / are) going to the zoo.
III就近原则
1. Tom or his brothers (is / are)waiting in the room.
2. Either you or he (is / are) to go.
3. There(is / are) an apple, two oranges and some bananas on the plate.
4. There (is / are) two oranges, an apple and some bananas on the plate.
5. John, together with his two friends, (was / were) at the party.
6.The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.
IV找真实主语
1. Lots of damage (was / were) caused by fire.
2. About three-fourths of the earth’s surface (is / are) covered with water.
3. Three-fifths of the workers here (is / are) women
4. A number of students (have/ has) gone home.
5. The number of pages in this book (is / are) two hundred.
6. A large amount of damage (was / were) done in a very short time.
7. Large amounts of money (was / were) spent on the bridge.
8. This kind of men (is / are) dangerous.
9. Men of this kind (is / are) dangerous.
A pair of shoes (was / were) just what he wanted
Shoes (was / were) just what he wanted .
He is one of the students who(have/ has) been to Beijing.
【中考语法之主谓一致】推荐阅读：
中考英语语法对话填空答案09-09
初中英语语法之形容词&副词05-24
古代汉语语法试题05-27
语法学 课件05-31
新编英语语法教案06-18
英语语法倒装结构06-18
初中英语语法综合习题05-26
高考英语语法知识总结05-26
编译原理实验语法分析06-03
语法练习(分词和从句)06-03
